Power generation device driven by humid environment
By using clay layer as the intermediate spacer and conductive water absorbing layer in the humidity power generation device, the problem of high cost and short service life of organic hydrogels in the prior art is solved, and a stable, low-cost and long-life humidity power generation effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510055875.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
The intermediate spacer of existing humidity power generation devices often uses organic hydrogels, which are cost-effective and have a short service life, are prone to degradation and are corroded by microorganisms, which limits their promotion and application.
A power generation device consisting of a base material layer, a clay layer and a water-absorbing layer is adopted. The base material layer is a porous material that is conductive, and the clay layer provides insulation and water-conducting effects for the intermediate spacer. The water-absorbing layer is a conductive water-absorbing material, and a potential difference and a tiny current are generated by the difference in ion concentration.
It achieves a relatively stable and sustainable electrical energy output, extends service life, reduces costs, and avoids the degradation and microbial corrosion of traditional hydrogels, which is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.
Smart Images
Figure CN119945198A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of humidity power generation. Background Art
[0002] Humidity power generation is a technology that uses moisture in a humid environment to generate electricity. The basic principle is to generate electric current by causing the accumulation and flow of electric charges through changes in humidity. Humidity power generation devices usually adopt a three-layer structure, with two outer layers made of conductive materials as two electrodes, one of which absorbs water molecules in the air, and the other layer provides water molecules for evaporation. The middle layer provides water molecules for diffusion between the two outer layers and acts as an insulator to separate the two outer layers. In existing humidity power generation devices, the spacer layer often uses organic hydrogels. Although it can provide good insulation and water molecule diffusion effects, it is expensive and prone to degradation and microbial corrosion. It has a short service life and its use environment is correspondingly limited, making it difficult to promote and apply. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a power generation device driven by a humid environment which helps to reduce costs and extend service life.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:
[0005] A power generation device driven by a humid environment comprises a substrate layer, a clay layer and a water absorbing layer stacked in sequence, wherein the substrate layer is a conductive porous material, and the water absorbing layer is a conductive water absorbing material.
[0006] Preferably, the substrate layer is made of an inert material.
[0007] Preferably, the substrate layer is one of stainless steel mesh, copper mesh, carbon felt, carbon paper, and carbon fiber cloth.
[0008] Preferably, the water-absorbing layer comprises a water-absorbing material, an electrode material and an inert binder mixed together, and the water-absorbing layer is coated on the clay layer.
[0009] Preferably, the water-absorbing material is metal hydroxide powder or metal oxide powder.
[0010] Preferably, the metal element in the water-absorbing material is a combination of one or more of magnesium, zinc, antimony and rare earth elements.
[0011] Preferably, the electrode material is graphite oxide.
[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing graphite oxide comprises concentrated nitric acid oxidation and electrolytic oxidation performed sequentially.
[0013] Preferably, the inert binder is polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride.
[0014] Preferably, the clay layer is sintered on the substrate layer, and the thickness of the clay layer is 0.02-0.2 mm.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the power generation device is used, the water absorbing layer can absorb water molecules in the air, diffuse through the clay layer to the substrate layer, and then evaporate rapidly from the porous substrate layer, thereby generating a potential difference and a small current between the substrate layer and the water absorbing layer through the ion concentration difference, and the water absorbing layer and the substrate layer, both of which are conductive, form two electrodes at the same time, so that relatively stable sustainable electric energy can be output externally, and because the middle partition layer of the power generation device adopts a clay layer, the loose and porous characteristics of the clay structure are utilized, which can provide water molecules for uniform and rapid diffusion, and the stability of its properties is far greater than that of traditional organic gels, and it can work stably for a long time without being easily degraded or corroded by microorganisms, etc., and can effectively extend the service life, and the cost is also lower, and it is easy to produce and promote large-scale application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 It is a test result data diagram of the present invention.
[0019] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:
[0020] 10. Base material layer; 20. Clay layer; 30. Water absorption layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] Reference Figure 1The preferred embodiment of the present invention is a power generation device driven by a humid environment, comprising a substrate layer 10, a clay layer 20 and a water-absorbing layer 30 stacked in sequence, wherein the substrate layer 10 is a conductive porous material, and the water-absorbing layer 30 is a conductive water-absorbing material. In the power generation device, the water-absorbing layer 30 can absorb water molecules in the air, diffuse to the substrate layer 10 through the clay layer 20, and evaporate rapidly from the porous substrate layer 10, thereby generating a potential difference and a small current between the substrate layer 10 and the water-absorbing layer 30 through the ion concentration difference, and the water-absorbing layer 30 and the substrate layer 10, both of which are conductive, form two electrodes at the same time, so that relatively stable sustainable electric energy can be output to the outside, and because the middle partition layer of the power generation device adopts the clay layer 20, the loose and porous characteristics of the clay structure are utilized, which can provide water molecules for uniform and rapid diffusion, and the stability of its properties is far greater than that of traditional organic gels, and it can work stably for a long time without being easily degraded or corroded by microorganisms, etc., and can effectively extend the service life, and the cost is also lower, and it is easy to produce and promote large-scale application.
[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it may also have the following additional technical features:
[0024] In this embodiment, the substrate layer 10 is an inert material, so that the substrate layer 10 is not easily degraded and corroded, which can further improve the stability and service life of the power generation device. The substrate layer 10 is preferably one of stainless steel mesh, copper mesh, carbon felt, carbon paper, and carbon fiber cloth. The manufacturing process is relatively mature, and the chemical properties are stable, easy to process, manufacture and promote application. In other embodiments, the substrate layer 10 can also select other suitable materials and structures that are conducive to the evaporation of water molecules, but is not limited to this.
[0025] In this embodiment, the water-absorbing layer 30 includes a mixture of water-absorbing materials, electrode materials and inert adhesives. The water-absorbing layer 30 is coated on the clay layer 20 to form a water-absorbing layer 30 with good pore permeability and good conductivity, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and is easy to replace different materials as needed, making the application more flexible.
[0026] In this embodiment, the water-absorbing material is a metal hydroxide powder or a metal oxide powder, which can provide good water absorption performance and has relatively stable chemical properties, which helps to extend the service life of the power generation device. The metal elements in the water-absorbing material are preferably a combination of one or more of magnesium, zinc, antimony and rare earth elements, which can provide better water absorption performance and have stable properties and are not easy to react with water molecules, which helps to further extend the service life.
[0027] In this embodiment, the electrode material is graphite oxide, which has good conductivity and stable chemical properties, and is helpful to extend the service life. In other embodiments, the electrode material can also be selected from other suitable conductive materials, and is not limited thereto.
[0028] In this embodiment, the preparation method of graphite oxide includes sequentially performing concentrated nitric acid oxidation and electrolytic oxidation. Compared with the conventional single oxidation method, this two-step oxidation method uses less chemical reagents and does not introduce other additional impurities during the electrolytic oxidation process. It is more environmentally friendly and the prepared graphite oxide has fewer impurities, which helps to improve the power generation performance of the power generation device.
[0029] In this embodiment, the inert adhesive is polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride, which has stable chemical properties and is easy to obtain, which helps to reduce product costs and is easy to promote and apply. In other embodiments, the inert adhesive can also be selected from other suitable materials, but is not limited to this.
[0030] In this embodiment, the clay layer 20 is sintered on the substrate layer 10. The thickness of the clay layer 20 is 0.02-0.2 mm, which is moderate and not easily damaged. At the same time, it can provide good insulation and water-conducting effects. The sintering temperature can be selected to be 500-1000°C.
[0031] The manufacturing method of the power generation device is specifically as follows: after diluting the clay with water, evenly apply it on one side of the substrate layer 10, dry it and then sinter it; after taking an appropriate amount of water, the water-absorbing material, the electrode material and the inert adhesive are mixed and fully stirred into a paste, evenly apply it on the surface of the clay layer 20, and then dry it naturally.
[0032] Reference Figure 2 The present invention uses a stainless steel mesh as the substrate layer 10, polytetrafluoroethylene as the inert adhesive, and different water-absorbing layers 30 to conduct tests under the same conditions. The test conditions are a temperature of 20-25° C. and a relative humidity of 45-50%.
[0033] Test Example 1: The water-absorbing layer 30 is graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene. The test results are as follows: after the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited, after about half an hour, the short-circuit current drops from 0.4μA to 0.2μA. After the short-circuit connection is disconnected, the potential is tested to recover. After half an hour, the open circuit potential rises from 57.8mV to 401.9mV. This example is a reference comparison group.
[0034] Test Example 2: The water-absorbing layer 30 is graphite oxide and polytetrafluoroethylene. The test results are as follows: after the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited, after about half an hour, the short-circuit current drops from 0.6μA to 0.4μA. After the short-circuit connection is disconnected, the potential is tested to recover. After half an hour, the open circuit potential rises from 146.1mV to 492.9mV.
[0035] Test Example 3: The water absorbing layer 30 is graphite oxide, Zn 0.9 Sb 0.1 O xAnd polytetrafluoroethylene, the test results are: after the positive and negative poles are short-circuited, after about half an hour, the short-circuit current drops from 2.8μA to 2.5μA. After the short-circuit connection is disconnected, the potential is tested to recover. After half an hour, the open circuit potential rises from 322.8mV to 638mV.
[0036] Test Example 4: The water absorbing layer 30 is graphite oxide, Zn 0.9 Ce 0.1 O x And polytetrafluoroethylene, the test results are: after the positive and negative poles are short-circuited, after about half an hour, the short-circuit current drops from 0.2μA to 0.1μA. After the short-circuit connection is disconnected, the potential is tested to recover. After half an hour, the open circuit potential rises from 275.6mV to 481mV.
[0037] Test Example 5: The water absorbing layer 30 is graphite oxide, Mg 0.9 Sb 0.1 (OH) x And polytetrafluoroethylene, the test results are: after the positive and negative poles are short-circuited, after about half an hour, the short-circuit current drops from 0.8μA to 0.6μA. After the short-circuit connection is disconnected, the potential is tested to recover. After half an hour, the open circuit potential rises from 201.7mV to 539.7mV.
[0038] Test Example 6: The water absorbing layer 30 is graphite oxide, Mg 0.9 Ce 0.1 (OH) x And polytetrafluoroethylene, the test results are: after the positive and negative poles are short-circuited, after about half an hour, the short-circuit current drops from 1.5μA to 0.5μA. After the short-circuit connection is disconnected, the potential is tested to recover. After half an hour, the open circuit potential rises from 262.4mV to 545.6mV.
[0039] Under the premise that no conflict occurs, those skilled in the art may freely combine and superimpose the above-mentioned additional technical features.
[0040] The above description is only a preferred implementation mode of the present invention. Any technical solution that achieves the purpose of the present invention by substantially the same means belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A power generation device driven by a humid environment, characterized in that: It comprises a substrate layer (10), a clay layer (20) and a water absorbing layer (30) which are stacked in sequence, wherein the substrate layer (10) is a conductive porous material, and the water absorbing layer (30) is a conductive water absorbing material.
2. A power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate layer (10) is made of an inert material.
3. A power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The substrate layer (10) is one of a stainless steel mesh, a copper mesh, a carbon felt, a carbon paper, and a carbon fiber cloth.
4. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorbing layer (30) comprises a water absorbing material, an electrode material and an inert binder mixed together, and the water absorbing layer (30) is coated on the clay layer (20).
5. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water absorbing material is metal hydroxide powder or metal oxide powder.
6. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal elements in the water-absorbing material are one or more combinations of magnesium, zinc, antimony and rare earth elements.
7. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrode material is graphite oxide.
8. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for preparing graphite oxide comprises concentrated nitric acid oxidation and electrolytic oxidation performed sequentially.
9. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inert binder is polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride.
10. The power generation device driven by a humid environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clay layer (20) is sintered on the substrate layer (10), and the thickness of the clay layer (20) is 0.02-0.2 mm.