A marine microplastic recycling biomimetic jellyfish device and an implementation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a marine micro-plastic recycling biomimetic jellyfish device and an implementation method thereof, and the device comprises a biomimetic jellyfish shell, a multi-stage separation assembly, an integrated control module and a power propulsion assembly. The multi-stage separation assembly is adopted to cooperate, in the micro-plastic separation module, the filter can be rotated in the positive direction and the reverse direction, the inner and outer water scrapers are designed to prevent blockage and assist separation, the special structure prolongs the cyclone time of the micro-plastics, effectively improves the separation efficiency, and ensures that the micro-plastics smaller than 500 microns smoothly enter the electric adsorption module for secondary treatment; the first separation screen mesh is arc-shaped and optimized, accurately intercepts large-particle organic impurities, guarantees the smoothness of the subsequent micro-plastic treatment process, and greatly improves the overall separation efficiency and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of garbage recycling, and in particular relates to a bionic jellyfish device for recycling marine microplastics and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics exist in the marine environment in various forms, including particles, fibers, and films. Their particle size is typically less than 5 mm. Microplastics smaller than 500 microns are particularly difficult to recycle due to their tiny size. These microplastics can be ingested by marine organisms, impacting their digestive systems, leading to stunted growth and development, reduced reproductive capacity, and even death. Furthermore, microplastics may absorb harmful substances in the marine environment, such as heavy metals and organic pollutants. These substances can then enter the human body through the food chain, posing potential risks to human health.

[0003] Screening technology, as a traditional and effective means of particle separation, has been widely used in many fields. Its basic principle is to separate and screen the mixture based on the difference in particle size through a sieve with a specific aperture. In industrial production, screening technology is often used in mineral processing, grain screening, building material grading and other fields. It can achieve efficient separation of particles of different particle sizes, improve product quality and production efficiency. In the field of environmental protection, screening technology has also been applied to sewage treatment, garbage disposal and other aspects, playing an important role in the separation and recycling of solid waste.

[0004] However, there are many technical difficulties in applying screening technology to the separation and recovery of marine microplastics. The marine environment is complex and changeable, and seawater is corrosive, highly fluid, and contains many impurities, which places higher demands on the material, structure, and stability of screening equipment. Traditional screening equipment is prone to screen clogging when dealing with marine microplastics. This is because the microplastic particles are small and have special surface properties, which easily adhere to the screen, reducing screening efficiency and increasing equipment maintenance costs. In addition, marine microplastics have a wide range of sources and complex compositions. Microplastics of different types and particle sizes are unevenly distributed in seawater, making it difficult for a single screening technology to achieve efficient and accurate separation.

[0005] Currently, existing marine microplastic separation and recovery devices have many shortcomings. Although some devices use the screening principle, the screen structure design is unreasonable and cannot effectively adapt to the characteristics of marine microplastics, resulting in low collection efficiency of small-particle microplastics. At the same time, some devices do not fully consider the diversity and complexity of microplastics during the separation process and lack the ability to grade microplastics of different particle sizes, which affects the recovery effect. In addition, when dealing with the complex environment of the ocean, the reliability and stability of existing devices are insufficient, they are prone to failure and have high maintenance costs. Moreover, in large-scale marine microplastic recovery operations, the processing capacity of existing devices is limited and it is difficult to meet actual needs.

[0006] In summary, given the severity of marine microplastic pollution and the limitations of existing technologies in the separation and recovery of marine microplastics, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient, reliable and marine microplastic separation device based on screening technology to improve the efficiency of microplastic recovery, reduce marine microplastic pollution, and protect the marine ecological environment and human health. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a marine microplastic recycling bionic jellyfish device and its implementation method.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a bionic jellyfish device for recycling marine microplastics, comprising a bionic jellyfish shell, a multi-stage separation component, an integrated control module, and a power propulsion component;

[0009] Preferably, the bionic jellyfish shell includes a bionic jellyfish canopy and a plurality of bionic jellyfish tentacles; a diversion pipe is provided inside each bionic jellyfish tentacle; one end of the diversion pipe is located at the bottom end of the bionic jellyfish tentacle and is provided with a first separation screen, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the multi-stage separation component;

[0010] Preferably, a water pump is provided in the diversion pipe;

[0011] The multi-stage separation component includes a microplastic separation module, a collection chamber, an electric adsorption separation module, and a second separation screen;

[0012] The microplastic separation module includes an outer shell, a filter, an outer wiper, and an inner wiper. The filter is arranged inside the outer shell; the inner wiper is arranged inside the filter; and the outer wiper is arranged between the filter and the outer shell. The filter is driven by a first motor and can rotate forward or reverse.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wiper and the outer wiper each independently include a downward spiral guide blade; the edge of the guide blade of the outer wiper is offset from the edge of the guide blade of the inner wiper in the rotation direction, and the offset angle is preferably 1°-30°.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the collecting chamber adopts a detachable structure.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the filter serves as a water inlet, the lower end serves as a water outlet, and the side wall thereof is provided with a plurality of filtering holes.

[0016] The collecting chamber is in communication with the lower end of the outer wiper;

[0017] The water inlet of the electric adsorption separation module is communicated with the lower end of the inner wiper;

[0018] The second separation screen is located at the water outlet of the electric adsorption separation module.

[0019] Preferably, the electro-adsorption separation module includes an electro-adsorption shell, at least one negative conductive metal, at least one positive conductive metal, an insulating layer, and multiple electro-adsorption filter elements; the insulating layer is located in the electro-adsorption shell, and at least one negative conductive metal and at least one positive conductive metal are distributed between the insulating layer and the electro-adsorption shell; the multiple electro-adsorption filter elements are arranged inside the insulating layer, and there is a gap layer between adjacent electro-adsorption filter elements, and the gap layer forms a particle passing channel for the electro-adsorption filter element; one end of the particle passing channel faces the water inlet of the electro-adsorption filter element, and the other end faces the water outlet of the electro-adsorption filter element.

[0020] Each electro-adsorption filter element includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and an insulating layer located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the polarities of the electrode sheets of adjacent electro-adsorption filter elements close to the gap layer are opposite;

[0021] The second separation screen is located at the water outlet of the electric adsorption separation module.

[0022] The integrated control module is used to control the water pump, the first motor and the second motor;

[0023] The power propulsion assembly includes an inner fixing frame, an outer fixing frame, a connecting rod, a second motor, and a propeller; the inner fixing frame is arranged inside the outer fixing frame and is used to fix multiple bionic jellyfish tentacles; the bionic jellyfish tentacles are fixed to the inner fixing frame through the connecting rod; a propeller is provided on the connecting rod; and the motor is used to drive the propeller.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for recovering marine microplastics based on the above-mentioned bionic jellyfish device, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: According to the preset planned route, the integrated control module controls the power propulsion component to enable the bionic jellyfish device to move on the sea surface;

[0026] Step 2: The water flows through the first separation screen and enters the diversion pipe. At this time, large organic impurities are intercepted outside the first separation screen, and the unfiltered microplastic particles follow the water flow through the diversion pipe and enter the multi-stage separation component;

[0027] Step 3: The multi-stage separation component performs multi-stage separation on the impurities in the water flow:

[0028] Water flows from the water inlet of the microplastic separation module into the outer wiper, and enters the inner wiper through the filter holes of the filter under the action of cyclonic pressure; the water on the inner wiper eventually flows into the electric adsorption separation module, and the large-particle microplastics separated by the filter enter the collection chamber through the guide blade of the outer wiper;

[0029] The water entering the electro-adsorption separation module flows through the gap layer of each electro-adsorption filter element. Under the action of the electric field force, the microplastic particles are adsorbed on the gap layer of each adsorption chip and the negative electrode sheet;

[0030] The water flow after electric adsorption separation is finally filtered through the separation filter and then flows out.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] (1) The present invention adopts multi-stage separation components to work together. In the microplastic separation module, the filter can rotate forward and backward. The unique design of the internal and external wipers prevents clogging and helps separation. The special structure prolongs the vortex time of microplastics, effectively improving the separation efficiency and ensuring that microplastics smaller than 500 microns can smoothly enter the electric adsorption module for secondary treatment; the arc shape of the first separation screen is optimized to accurately intercept large particles of organic impurities, ensuring a smooth subsequent treatment process of microplastics, and greatly improving the overall separation efficiency and accuracy.

[0033] (2) The guide blades used in the internal wiper of the filter of the present invention spiral downward to the water outlet of the filter. During the spiral motion, the water flow can exert pressure on the microplastics and debris stuck in the filter pores, causing them to loosen and fall off. It can also lengthen the flow path of the water flow, thereby increasing the residence time of the subsequent seawater and the electro-adsorption filter element. The guide blades used in the external wiper spiral downward around the outside of the filter, and are offset in the direction of rotation from the edge of the guide blade of the internal wiper. When the filter rotates, the edge of the guide blade of the external wiper can impact and remove the residual impurities in the filter pores. The two work together to effectively solve the problem of easy clogging of the screen mesh of traditional screening equipment, avoid reducing the screening efficiency and increasing maintenance costs due to clogging, and ensure the sustainable and stable operation of the device.

[0034] (3) The electric adsorption filter element of the present invention uses an electric field to adsorb microplastics, and the electrodes are not easily clogged, ensuring continuous and efficient adsorption; the detachable design simplifies the collection process, facilitates the separation of microplastics and the recycling of the filter element, and is environmentally friendly and economical.

[0035] (4) The present invention adopts the adaptability and stability of the bionic jellyfish shell lifting device; the integrated control module realizes intelligent control and optimizes operation; the power propulsion component ensures stable movement and efficient operation according to the planned route, effectively expanding the recovery range and improving efficiency, and has both environmental protection and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic jellyfish device for recycling marine microplastics provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power propulsion assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage separation component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the microplastic separation module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the internal wiper in the microplastic separation module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electric adsorption separation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Markings in the figure: 1. Bionic jellyfish shell; 11. Bionic jellyfish umbrella cap; 12. Bionic jellyfish tentacle; 121. Diversion pipe; 122. Water pump; 123. First separation screen; 2. Multi-stage separation component; 21. Microplastic separation module; 211. Outer shell; 212. Filter; 213. External wiper; 214. Internal wiper; 22. Collection chamber; 23. Electro-adsorption separation module; 231. Electro-adsorption outer shell; 232. Negative conductive metal; 233. Positive conductive metal; 234. Insulating layer; 235. Electro-adsorption filter element; 2351. Positive electrode; 2352. Negative electrode; 2353. Insulating layer; 24. Second separation screen; 3. Integrated control module; 41. Internal fixing frame; 42. External fixing frame; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Second motor; 45. Propeller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will comprehensively and in-depth explain the specific implementation methods of the marine microplastic recycling bionic jellyfish device and its implementation method of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, aiming to enable those skilled in the art to clearly understand and accurately implement the present invention.

[0045] This embodiment provides a bionic jellyfish device for recycling marine microplastics. Figure 1The device comprises a bionic jellyfish shell 1, a multi-stage separation assembly 2, an integrated control module 3, and a power propulsion assembly 4.

[0046] The bionic jellyfish shell 1 serves as the external structure of the entire device, which comprises a bionic jellyfish umbrella cover 11 and a plurality of bionic jellyfish tentacles 12. The bionic jellyfish umbrella cover 11 is made of a material with high strength, corrosion resistance, and a certain degree of flexibility, such as high-performance engineering plastic or composite material, to ensure that it can withstand water flow impact, seawater corrosion, and other harsh conditions in the marine environment, while providing effective protection for the internal components.

[0047] Each bionic jellyfish tentacle 12 is internally provided with a flow guide pipe 121; one end of the flow guide pipe 121 is located at the bottom end of the bionic jellyfish tentacle 12 and is provided with a first separation screen 123, and the other end is communicated with the water inlet of the multi-stage separation assembly 2 through a guide pipe 13 located in the bionic jellyfish umbrella cover 11.

[0048] The flow guide pipe 121 is made of a pipe material with smooth inner walls to reduce water flow resistance and improve water flow transmission efficiency. The water pump 122 arranged in the flow guide pipe 121 is a submersible water pump suitable for use in marine environments, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, corrosion resistance, and good water resistance. The power and flow rate of the water pump 122 can be selected according to actual needs to ensure stable operation in different marine environmental conditions and effectively drive the water flow to carry the microplastic particles into the subsequent processing process.

[0049] The first separation screen 123 located at the bottom end of the flow guide pipe 121 adopts an arc-shaped structure with a span of 2a, an arch height of h, and a radius of R, and , and the included angle between the arc-shaped separation screen and the guide pipe can be set to 10-20 degrees, which is obtained through precise calculation and optimization design. In the manufacturing process, high-strength, corrosion-resistant, and good filtering performance metal or synthetic materials are selected, and the screen is formed through precision machining process to ensure uniform screen aperture and smooth surface, which can effectively intercept large particle organic impurities and prevent them from entering the device interior to cause blockage or interfere with the subsequent separation process, and can also minimize the obstruction to water flow and microplastic particles, so that the microplastic particles can smoothly enter the multi-stage separation assembly 2 under the action of water flow. In one embodiment, the screen aperture of the first separation screen is 5 mm.

[0050] The multi-stage separation assembly 2 comprises a microplastic separation module 21, a collection chamber 22, an electro-adsorption separation module 23, and a second separation screen 24, as shown in Figure 3 ;

[0051] Referring to Figure 4The microplastic separation module 21 includes an outer shell 211, a filter 212, an outer wiper 213, and an inner wiper 214. The filter 212 is arranged inside the outer shell 211, and the filter 212 and the outer shell 211 are cylindrical structures of different sizes on the same axis. The inner wiper 214 is arranged inside the filter 212, and the outer wiper 213 is arranged between the filter 212 and the outer shell 211. There is a very small gap between the outer wiper 213 and the filter 212, which allows the filter 212 to rotate, and the same applies to the inner wiper 214. The filter 212 is cylindrical or inverted truncated cone-shaped, and its filter mesh aperture is 500 microns, which can filter out microplastics and other residues with a diameter within this range. When water passes through the filter 212, microplastics and debris are blocked by the filter mesh, and the filtered water continues to flow to the electrosorption module. If filter 212 adopts an inverted frustum-shaped design, with a small opening at the bottom, this structure helps form a stable vortex field when water enters, enhancing the separation effect. It is made of high-strength stainless steel or engineering plastics with excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties to ensure that it will not deform or damage under long-term contact with seawater and water impact. The pore size distribution of filter 212 is carefully designed, selecting an appropriate pore size range based on the particle size distribution characteristics of microplastic particles.

[0052] When the inner wiper 214 is in operation, the first motor drives the filter 212 to rotate within the outer shell 211, with the rotational power provided by the first motor. The inner wiper 214 is located inside the filter 212 and remains stationary. The inner wiper 214 comprises a central column and a first, downward-spiraling guide blade. The first guide blade extends from the central column to the inner wall of the filter 212, forming a convex, curved arch. When the first motor drives the filter 212 to rotate, the water inside it rotates with it. The first guide blade guides some of the rotating water backflow, which exerts pressure on microplastics and debris stuck in the filter pores of the filter 212, causing them to loosen and fall off, thereby preventing clogging of the filter 212.

[0053] The outer wiper 213 is in operation and includes a second, downward-spiraling guide blade. This second guide blade spirals around the outside of the filter 212, with its leading edge offset from the trailing edge of the first guide blade of the inner wiper 214 in the direction of rotation, for example, 1° to 30°. A certain distance exists between the leading edge and the filter 212, ensuring that the filter 212 does not rotate. As the filter 212 rotates, the leading edge of the outer wiper 213 impacts and removes microplastics and debris that remain trapped in the pores of the filter 212 and have not been flushed away by backflow. The outer wiper 213 directs the removed microplastics and debris into a removable collection chamber 22. This removable collection chamber 22 is located at the bottom of the outer housing 211 and is used to collect microplastics and debris filtered out by the filter 212.

[0054] The filter 212 is made of a metal wire mesh or synthetic fiber filter with certain strength and good filtering performance. The pore size of the filter is strictly controlled to 500 microns, which can effectively collect large-sized microplastic particles separated from the microplastic separation module 21, while allowing smaller-sized microplastic particles and seawater to continue to pass through and enter the next separation link.

[0055] The overall structural design of the collection chamber 22 should be easy to disassemble and clean, so that the collected microplastics can be cleaned and recycled regularly.

[0056] See also Figure 6 The electric adsorption separation module 23 includes an electric adsorption shell 231, at least one negative conductive metal 232, at least one positive conductive metal 233, an insulating layer 234, and multiple electric adsorption filter elements 235; the insulating layer 234 is located in the electric adsorption shell 231, and at least one negative conductive metal 232 and at least one positive conductive metal 233 are distributed between the insulating layer 234 and the electric adsorption shell 231; the multiple electric adsorption filter elements 235 are arranged inside the insulating layer 234, and there is a gap layer between adjacent electric adsorption filter elements 235, and the gap layer forms a particle passage for the electric adsorption filter element 235; one end of the particle passage faces the water inlet of the electric adsorption filter element 235, and the other end faces the water outlet of the electric adsorption filter element 235.

[0057] The electro-adsorption separation module 23 is one of the core components. The electro-adsorption filter element 235 includes a positive electrode sheet 2351, a negative electrode sheet 2352, and an insulating layer 2353 located between the positive electrode sheet 2351 and the negative electrode sheet 2352. The polarity of the electrode sheets of adjacent electro-adsorption filter elements 235 near the gap layer is opposite.

[0058] The positive electrode sheet 2351 of each electro-adsorption filter element 235 contacts the positive conductive metal 233 and does not contact the negative conductive metal 232. The negative electrode sheet 2352 contacts the negative conductive metal 232 and does not contact the positive conductive metal 233. An insulating layer 234 is provided between the electro-adsorption filter element 235 and the conductive metal. It is cylindrical and has contact holes. For example, holes are provided at the contact point between the positive electrode sheet 2351 and the positive conductive metal 233, and the same applies to the negative electrode. Since the conductive metal provides electricity to the electro-adsorption filter element 235, other supply methods such as wires can also be used.

[0059] The positive electrode sheet 2351 is made of titanium-based mixed metal oxide (TiMMO), the negative electrode sheet 2352 is made of a carbon electrode, and the insulating layer 2353 is made of a material that is resistant to high temperatures and has excellent insulating properties (such as ceramics, high-performance plastics, etc.).

[0060] The gap layer can be air or filled with materials (such as graphite felt, granular activated carbon (GAC), carbon foam or a combination thereof), which optimizes the electrode material and electric field distribution, enhances the performance and life of the carbon material, reduces carbon corrosion, and improves the ability to remove microplastics.

[0061] TiMMO, as the positive electrode material, exhibits excellent conductivity and stability during electrochemical processes. Under the influence of an electric field, it efficiently conducts current, providing electron transport pathways for electrochemical reactions. Furthermore, its surface properties facilitate the conduction of certain redox reactions. Carbon materials, as negative electrodes, possess a rich porous structure and large surface area, enabling polarization under the influence of an electric field, generating a strong electric field gradient. Under the influence of the electric field, microplastic particles, due to their charge, are attracted to each other, gathering together and being captured by the interstitial layer material. The interstitial layer filler material polarizes under the influence of the electric field, generating an electric field gradient. Driven by the electric field, charged particles (small-sized microplastic particles) migrate toward the electrode surface. Due to the adsorption capacity of the carbon electrode surface, the charged particles are adsorbed onto the electrode surface, thereby achieving removal from the water.

[0062] The positive and negative conductive metal electrodes are connected to a power source via wires, ensuring a stable and uniform electric field is generated within the adsorption chip. This power source can be a DC power supply with adjustable output voltage and current. The electric field strength can be flexibly adjusted based on the actual microplastic contamination level and adsorption efficiency to achieve optimal adsorption and separation results.

[0063] The second separation screen 24 is located at the water outlet of the electro-adsorption separation module 23. Its pore size is selected based on the residual microplastic particles after electro-adsorption separation (for example, a smaller pore size range can be set to further intercept microplastic particles that may not have been fully adsorbed), ensuring that the content of microplastic particles in the water flow after electro-adsorption separation is minimized. The material of the second separation screen 232 is also required to be corrosion-resistant and high-strength to ensure that it will not damage or deform during long-term use.

[0064] The integrated control module 3 includes a main control unit, a multi-axis motor controller, and a communication module.

[0065] Main control unit: This is usually a high-performance microprocessor or programmable logic controller (PLC). As the core of the entire control system, it receives signals from various sensors, performs calculations based on preset control algorithms, and then issues instructions to the multi-axis motor controller. Commonly used ARM architecture processors, with their powerful computing power and rich interfaces, can well undertake the main control task.

[0066] A multi-axis motor controller is a device specifically designed to control the motors corresponding to each individual propeller. It features multiple independent control channels, enabling precise adjustment of parameters such as the speed and direction of each motor. Based on instructions from the main control unit, it converts electrical signals into appropriate drive signals to drive the motors. A variety of models are available on the market, and some advanced multi-axis motor controllers also include fault detection and overload protection.

[0067] Communication module: This module enables data exchange with external devices (such as a host monitoring system and remote control). Common communication methods include wired Ethernet, wireless Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or underwater acoustic communication modules. For example, an operator can use a wireless remote control device to send steering and movement instructions to the main control unit through the communication module.

[0068] The main control unit performs calculations based on pre-set mission objectives (such as following the planned route, arriving at the designated recovery point, and performing a pivoting turn) and pre-processed sensor data. For example, to achieve a left turn of the recovery device to a certain angle, the main control unit calculates the required speed and steering adjustment for each propeller motor based on the current and target yaw angles using a control algorithm (such as PID control or fuzzy control), generating specific control instructions. These control instructions are packaged in the format corresponding to each channel of the multi-axis motor controller and sent to the controller.

[0069] After receiving the control instructions from the main control unit, the multi-axis motor controller will parse the instruction content and, for each independent motor control channel, perform power amplification and other processing on the corresponding speed and steering control signals (to ensure that the signal strength is sufficient to drive the motor to work as required), and then output the appropriate drive signal to the corresponding motor.

[0070] After receiving the drive signal, each motor adjusts its own speed and direction according to the instructions, driving the propeller connected to it to produce corresponding changes in thrust. The thrust size and direction of multiple propellers change in this coordinated manner, enabling the recovery device to achieve the expected motion state changes such as turning and lateral shifting, and complete the corresponding control task.

[0071] See also Figure 2 The power propulsion assembly 4 includes an internal fixation frame 41, an external fixation frame 42, a support arm, a motor 44, a propeller 45, and a connecting rod 43; the internal fixation frame 41 is arranged inside the external fixation frame 42, and is used to fix multiple bionic jellyfish tentacles 12; the external fixation frame 42 is connected to the internal fixation frame 41 through the support arm; the support arm is provided with a propeller 45; the bionic jellyfish tentacle 12 is fixed to the internal fixation frame 41 through the connecting rod 43; the motor 44 is used to drive the propeller 45.

[0072] This invention utilizes a vector propulsion system, which achieves steering of the recovery device by changing the thrust direction of the propellers, rather than relying solely on traditional rudders. A vector propulsion system typically consists of four propellers, each with independently controllable thrust direction. By coordinating the thrust magnitude and direction of each propeller, the recovery device can steer and move sideways in place, achieving greater maneuverability and flexibility.

[0073] Because the vector propulsion system features four independently controllable propellers, each driven by a separate motor, the multi-axis motor controller can precisely control the speed and direction of each motor. For example, in underwater microplastic recycling scenarios, it can coordinate the four motors simultaneously based on instructions to achieve complex power output combinations.

[0074] It corresponds one-to-one with the propeller in the vector propulsion system and provides power for the propeller rotation. The type of motor is selected according to the actual application scenario. The brushless DC motor has the advantages of high efficiency, long life, and good control accuracy. It is often used in the vector propulsion system of underwater vehicles with high control requirements.

[0075] In one implementation, a flow sensor can be installed on the surface of the device to detect the speed and direction of the surrounding water flow. Since the water flow will affect the movement of the vehicle, understanding the water flow conditions will help to more accurately control the vector propulsion system to offset the water flow interference and ensure accurate steering and stable movement.

[0076] The internal and external fixing frames 41, 42, and support arms are constructed from high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel and assembled through precision welding or mechanical connections to form a stable frame structure. This provides a reliable mounting base and support for the second motor 44, propeller 45, and connecting rod 43. The frame design fully considers the center of gravity distribution and fluid dynamics of the device to ensure stability and flexibility during propulsion.

[0077] Second motor 44 is a waterproof, corrosion-resistant motor suitable for use in marine environments. Its power and torque are appropriately selected based on the overall size and weight of the device, as well as the required propulsion force. Second motor 44 is connected to propeller 45 via a high-precision coupling or gear transmission mechanism, ensuring efficient and stable power transmission.

[0078] The Propeller 45 utilizes a specially designed marine propeller. Its blade shape, pitch, and diameter, among other parameters, are optimized according to fluid dynamics principles to improve propulsion efficiency and minimize energy loss. The Propeller 45 is constructed from high-strength, corrosion-resistant alloys (such as nickel-aluminum bronze) and undergoes special surface treatments (such as anti-corrosion coating and polishing) to enhance its durability and corrosion resistance in seawater.

[0079] This embodiment also provides a method for recovering marine microplastics based on the above-mentioned device, comprising:

[0080] Step S1: Device movement control

[0081] Before the device is put into operation, the operator pre-plans the device's route using host computer software or a human-computer interface, based on the target marine environmental characteristics (such as current direction, velocity, water depth, topography, etc.) and the distribution of microplastic pollution. The operator then inputs the relevant parameters into the integrated control module 3. After the device is activated, the integrated control module 3 precisely controls the activation of the second motor 44 in the propulsion assembly 4 according to the preset route parameters. The second motor 44 drives the propeller 45 at an appropriate speed, generating thrust in the seawater, propelling the bionic jellyfish device steadily along the pre-determined route. During the process, the integrated control module 3 monitors the device's position in real time (possibly obtained through GPS or other marine positioning technologies) and compares it with the pre-determined route. Based on any deviations, the speed and direction of the second motor 44 are promptly adjusted to ensure the device accurately follows the planned route, effectively covering the target marine area and improving the efficiency and comprehensiveness of microplastic recovery.

[0082] Step S2: Preliminary separation and collection of microplastics

[0083] After the device reaches the designated operating area, the integrated control module 3 activates the water pump 122 within the diversion conduit 121. Water pump 122 begins operating, generating suction that forces the surrounding seawater, carrying the microplastic particles, to flow toward the first separation screen 123 of the bionic jellyfish tentacle 12. As the water flows through the first separation screen 123, due to the mesh's aperture design, large organic impurities such as branches, leaves, and large algae are effectively trapped outside the screen, preventing them from entering the device and causing blockage or interfering with subsequent separation processes. Unfiltered microplastic particles and seawater, driven by water pump 122, smoothly pass through the first separation screen 123 and enter the diversion conduit 121. Driven by water pump 122, the water entering the diversion conduit 121 flows at a constant flow rate and pressure along the diversion conduit 121 toward the conduit 13 within the bionic jellyfish canopy 11, ultimately entering the multi-stage separation assembly 2 for further separation processing.

[0084] Step S3, multi-stage separation component workflow

[0085] Cyclone separation: The water flow entering the microplastic separation module 21 first flows along the set flow path (external wiper 213) to the filter 212 and enters the internal wiper 214. The first motor controls the filter 212 to rotate forward or reverse, and the water rotates inside the internal wiper 214. The spiral curved wall guides part of the rotating water to flow back. The returned water exerts pressure on the microplastics and debris stuck in the filter holes of the filter 212, causing them to loosen and fall onto the guide blades of the external wiper 213, thereby preventing the fine filter from being blocked.

[0086] The general direction of movement of seawater containing microplastic particles smaller than 500 microns is influenced by inner wiper 214 (consistent with the flow path set by outer wiper 213). The filter 212 can rotate clockwise (i.e., forward rotation, accelerating the seawater's movement) or counterclockwise (i.e., reverse rotation, slowing the seawater's movement). For example, in this embodiment, the filter 212 rotates in a clockwise spiral to control the speed of the seawater before it enters the electro-adsorption module. For example, if the seawater contains a high concentration of microplastic particles smaller than 500 microns, the filter 212 can rotate counterclockwise, slowing the seawater's movement before entering the electro-adsorption module and increasing reaction time.

[0087] The first guide blade of the inner wiper 214 adopts a spiral line, which makes the flow path of seawater in the filter element longer and more complex. Compared with straight-line flow, seawater has more opportunities to contact the surface of the electro-adsorption filter element. The spiral line makes the time that seawater stays in the filter element relatively longer, which makes the time that microplastic particles are exposed to the electric field also increase accordingly. Under the action of the electric field, the microplastic particles constantly roll, rotate and collide in it. This movement helps to make the charge distribution on the surface of the particles more uniform, making them easier to be polarized by the electric field. The electrostatic attraction between the polarized particles and the electro-adsorption filter element is enhanced, making the particles easier to be adsorbed on the surface of the filter element.

[0088] In a (straight-plate) electro-adsorption filter element, if seawater flows in a straight line, some areas may experience excessively high flow rates, creating short-circuits and preventing adequate adsorption in some areas of the filter element. A spiral flow, however, distributes seawater more evenly across the entire filter element, avoiding short-circuit areas of excessive flow. This allows all areas of the filter element to fully engage with the seawater and absorb water, improving overall filter efficiency.

[0089] The large-sized microplastics separated by the filter 212 enter the collection chamber 22 through the second guide blade of the outer wiper 213. Since the second guide blade of the outer wiper 213 adopts a downward spiral trend, the large-sized microplastics will not return from the lower end to the upper end.

[0090] Primary collection: Large-sized microplastic particles enter the collection chamber 22. The collection chamber 22 is disassembled and cleaned regularly (for example, at regular intervals or after a certain amount of microplastics are collected, depending on the actual operating conditions). The collected large-sized microplastic particles are recycled to prevent excessive accumulation of microplastics in the collection chamber 22, which may affect the normal operation of the device.

[0091] Electrosorption Separation: When water enters the electrosorption separation module 23 and flows through the electrosorption filter element 235, the electric field generated by the positive conductive metal 233 and the negative conductive metal 232 connected to the power supply creates an electric field. As charged or polarizable particles, these particles are subject to the electric field force. According to the electric field force calculation formula F = q × E (where F is the electric field force, q is the charge or polarized charge carried by the microplastic particles, and E is the electric field strength), these microplastic particles are driven by the electric field force toward the positive electrode 2351 and negative electrode 2352 of the electrosorption filter element 235 and adsorbed onto the electrode surfaces. During the electrosorption separation process, the operator can adjust the power supply output voltage and current through the integrated control module 3 based on the actual microplastic pollution conditions (such as microplastic concentration, particle size distribution, composition, etc.) and the adsorption effect, thereby varying the electric field strength to achieve the optimal adsorption and separation effect. At the same time, in order to ensure the stability and efficiency of the electric adsorption separation process, the electric adsorption filter element 235 is regularly (eg, at regular intervals) inspected and maintained to clean impurities that may be adsorbed on the electrode surface and ensure the adsorption performance of the electrode.

[0092] After electro-adsorption separation, the water is finally filtered through the second separation screen 24. With its high-precision filtration aperture, the second separation screen 24 effectively intercepts any remaining microscopic impurities and microplastics after the previous multi-stage separation process, ensuring that the water exiting the device meets predetermined environmental standards. The filtered water can be directly discharged back into the marine environment, preventing secondary pollution to the marine ecosystem. Regular inspection of the second separation screen 24 ensures its long-term stable filtration performance, ensuring that the separation and recovery efficiency of the entire device remains optimal.

[0093] Through the detailed and comprehensive specific embodiments described above, the present invention's bionic jellyfish device for recycling marine microplastics and its implementation method can effectively recycle microplastics in complex and changing marine environments, fully leveraging the synergistic effects of its components, overcoming many of the problems existing in the prior art, and achieving efficient, environmentally friendly, and intelligent microplastic recycling operations. In actual application, the various parameters and components of the device can be further optimized and adjusted according to the specific conditions and actual needs of different sea areas to continuously improve the device's performance and adaptability, providing a practical technical solution to the problem of marine microplastic pollution.

[0094] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic jellyfish device for recycling marine microplastics, characterized in that: It comprises a bionic jellyfish shell (1), a multi-stage separation component (2), an integrated control module (3), and a power propulsion component (4); The multi-stage separation component (2) comprises a microplastic separation module (21), a collection chamber (22), an electric adsorption separation module (23), and a second separation screen (24); The microplastic separation module (21) comprises an outer shell (211), a filter (212), an outer wiper (213), and an inner wiper (214); the filter (212) is arranged inside the outer shell (211); the inner wiper (214) is arranged inside the filter (212); and the outer wiper (213) is arranged between the filter (212) and the outer shell (211); wherein the filter (212) is driven by a first motor and can rotate in a forward or reverse direction; The collecting chamber (22) is in communication with the lower end of the outer wiper (213); The water inlet of the electric adsorption separation module (23) is in communication with the lower end of the inner wiper; The second separation screen (24) is located at the water outlet of the electric adsorption separation module (23); The inner wiper (214) and the outer wiper (213) each independently include a downward spiral guide blade; The edge of the guide blade of the outer wiper (213) is offset from the edge of the guide blade of the inner wiper in the rotation direction.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The bionic jellyfish shell (1) comprises a bionic jellyfish canopy (11) and a plurality of bionic jellyfish tentacles (12); a diversion pipe (121) is provided inside each bionic jellyfish tentacle (12); one end of the diversion pipe (121) is located at the bottom end of the bionic jellyfish tentacle (12) and is provided with a first separation screen (123), and the other end is communicated with the water inlet of the multi-stage separation component (2).

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that A water pump (122) is provided in the diversion pipe (121).

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper end of the filter (212) serves as a water inlet, and the lower end serves as a water outlet, and a plurality of filtering holes are provided on its side wall.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom of the collecting chamber (22) adopts a detachable structure.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The electric adsorption separation module (23) comprises an electric adsorption shell (231), at least one negative electrode conductive metal (232), at least one positive electrode conductive metal (233), an insulating layer (234), and a plurality of electric adsorption filter elements (235); the insulating layer (234) is located in the electric adsorption shell (231), and at least one negative electrode conductive metal (232) and at least one positive electrode conductive metal (233) are distributed between the insulating layer (234) and the electric adsorption shell (231); the plurality of electric adsorption filter elements (235) are arranged inside the insulating layer (234), and a gap layer exists between adjacent electric adsorption filter elements (235), and the gap layer forms a particle passage for the electric adsorption filter element (235); One end of the particle passage faces the water inlet of the electric adsorption filter element (235), and the other end faces the water outlet of the electric adsorption filter element (235); Each electric adsorption filter element (235) includes a positive electrode sheet (2351), a negative electrode sheet (2352), and an insulating layer (2353) located between the positive electrode sheet (2351) and the negative electrode sheet (2352); the polarities of the electrode sheets of adjacent electric adsorption filter elements (235) close to the gap layer are opposite.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The power propulsion assembly (4) comprises an inner fixing frame (41), an outer fixing frame (42), a connecting rod (43), a second motor (44), and a propeller (45); the inner fixing frame (41) is arranged inside the outer fixing frame (42) and is used to fix a plurality of bionic jellyfish tentacles (12); the bionic jellyfish tentacles (12) are fixed to the inner fixing frame (41) via the connecting rod (43); a propeller (45) is provided on the connecting rod (43); the second motor (44) is used to drive the propeller (45); and the integrated control module (3) is used to control the water pump (122), the first motor, and the second motor (44).

8. A method for recycling marine microplastics, implemented based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to a preset planned route, the integrated control module (3) controls the power propulsion assembly (4) to enable the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to move on the sea surface; Step 2: The water flows through the first separation screen (123) and enters the diversion pipe (121). At this time, large organic impurities are intercepted outside the first separation screen (123), and the unfiltered microplastic particles follow the water flow through the diversion pipe (121) and enter the multi-stage separation component (2); Step 3: The multi-stage separation component (2) performs multi-stage separation on the impurities in the water flow: Water flows from the water inlet of the microplastic separation module (21) into the outer wiper (213), and enters the inner wiper (214) through the filter holes of the filter (212) under the action of cyclonic pressure; the water on the inner wiper (214) finally flows into the electric adsorption separation module (23), and the large-particle microplastics separated by the filter (212) enter the collection chamber (22) through the guide blade of the outer wiper (213); The water entering the electric adsorption separation module (23) flows through the gap layer of each electric adsorption filter element (235). Under the action of the electric field force, the microplastic particles are adsorbed on the gap layer of each adsorption chip (2311) and the negative electrode sheet (2352); The water flow after the electric adsorption separation is finally filtered through the second separation screen (24) and then flows out.

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