Broadband numerical control oscillator for graded mixed frequency adjustment applied to millimeter wave phased array transceiver system

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband numerically-controlled oscillator with graded mixed frequency regulation applied to a millimeter wave phased array transceiving system. The broadband numerically-controlled oscillator comprises a coarse-regulation-stage switched capacitor array circuit, a middle-regulation-stage varactor circuit, a fine-regulation-stage varactor circuit, a digital-to-analog converter, a transformer coil, a differential negative resistance cross coupling transistor and a resistor, the two ends of the first coarse-tuning-stage switched capacitor array circuit, the two ends of the middle-tuning-stage varactor circuit and the two ends of the fine-tuning-stage varactor circuit are connected with the two output ends of the numerically-controlled oscillator respectively. The first digital-to-analog converter is in circuit connection with the middle adjustment stage varactor, and the second digital-to-analog converter is in circuit connection with the fine adjustment stage varactor; the first and third differential negative resistance cross-coupled transistors are both connected with the output end OUT + of the numerically controlled oscillator, and the second and fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled transistors are both connected with the output end OUT-of the numerically controlled oscillator. According to the invention, the connection loss in the resonant cavity is reduced, and the output frequency precision of the numerically-controlled oscillator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digitally controlled oscillators for millimeter wave phased array transceiver systems, and in particular to a broadband digitally controlled oscillator for hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation applied to millimeter wave phased array transceiver systems. Background Art

[0002] In the field of millimeter wave communications, frequency tuning range, phase noise, and jitter are the key characteristics of all-digital frequency synthesizers in millimeter wave phased array transceiver systems. Millimeter wave phased array systems need to cover an extremely wide frequency band, and the frequency tuning range determines the applicability of the phased array system. The digitally controlled oscillator is the core component of the all-digital frequency synthesizer. Without excessively increasing power consumption and occupying a large amount of chip area, the key to achieving a digitally controlled oscillator with a wide tuning range, low phase noise, and high frequency accuracy is the millimeter wave phased array circuit design.

[0003] Traditionally, if one wants to implement a CNC oscillator with a wide tuning range and high frequency accuracy, a large number of switched capacitor units will be used, and the layout and routing of the resonant cavity will become complicated, which may lead to a decrease in the noise performance of the CNC oscillation and even worsen the start-up of the CNC oscillation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter-wave phased array transceiver system, which realizes hierarchical output frequency regulation by combining switched capacitors, varactors and digital-to-analog converters, while achieving a wide tuning range and high frequency accuracy of the digitally controlled oscillator, reducing the loss of the resonant cavity and improving the phase noise performance.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system, comprising:

[0007] Coarse-tuning stage switched capacitor array circuit, medium-tuning stage varactor circuit, fine-tuning stage varactor circuit, digital-to-analog converter, transformer coil, differential negative resistance cross-coupled transistor and resistor.

[0008] The two ends of the first coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit, the mid-adjustment stage varactor circuit, and the fine adjustment stage varactor circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digital control oscillator; the first digital-to-analog converter is connected to the mid-adjustment stage varactor circuit, and the second digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fine adjustment stage varactor circuit.

[0009] The first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is respectively connected to the resistor R biasThe second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the resistor R bias The other end of the digital control oscillator is connected to the output end OUT+ of the digital control oscillator, one end of the transformer primary coil L1, and one end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4 is respectively connected to the output end OUT- of the digital control oscillator, the other end of the transformer primary coil L1, and the other end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit.

[0010] One end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to one end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; the other end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the other end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; the center tap of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the resistor R tail One end of the resistor R tail The other end is grounded.

[0011] Furthermore, it is characterized in that the source of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 and the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 are both connected to the resistor R bias The first end of the resistor R bias The second end is connected to the power supply V DD The drain of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digitally controlled oscillator, and the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digitally controlled oscillator; the gate of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2, and the gate of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the drain of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1.

[0012] Two ends of the second coarse adjustment stage switched capacitor array circuit are respectively connected to the source of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3 and the source of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4.

[0013] One end of the transformer primary coil L1 is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital control oscillator, the drain of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3, and the gate of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4, and the other end of the transformer primary coil L1 is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital control oscillator, the drain of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3, and the gate of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4.

[0014] One end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the source of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3; the other end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the source of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4; the center tap of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the resistor R tail Connect one end of the resistor R tail The other end is grounded.

[0015] Furthermore, the output frequency range of the broadband digitally controlled oscillator with graded hybrid frequency regulation is divided into three levels, the first level is the frequency coarse regulation level, the second level is the frequency medium regulation level, and the third level is the frequency fine regulation level.

[0016] Furthermore, the coarse adjustment switch capacitor array circuit includes 6 groups of coarse adjustment switch capacitors; the first and second ends of each group of coarse adjustment switch capacitors are respectively connected to the two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digital control oscillator, and the third end of the coarse adjustment switch capacitor is connected to the coarse adjustment input control word signal V1 RCTRL [5:0] connection.

[0017] Furthermore, the coarse adjustment switch capacitor includes a first capacitor C n1 , the second capacitor C n2 , the third resistor R b1 , the fourth resistor R b2 , NMOS transistor M n and inverter I nv ; The first capacitor C n1 One end of the third resistor R b1 One end of NMOS tube M n The drain connection of the first capacitor C n1 The other end of the second capacitor C is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator; n2 One end of the fourth resistor R b2 One end of NMOS tube M n The source of the second capacitor C n2 The other end of the inverter I is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; nv The input terminal and the third resistor R b1 The other end of the fourth resistor R b2 The other end, coarse adjustment input control word signal V RCTRL Connection: Inverter I nv The output terminal of the NMOS transistor M n The gate connection.

[0018] Furthermore, the intermediate level adjustment varactor circuit includes a fifth resistor R n , the third capacitor C n 、The first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 、The second intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v2and a digital-to-analog converter; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the intermediate input control word signal V DAC [6:0] connection, the output of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fifth resistor R n One end of the fifth resistor R n The other end is connected to the third capacitor C n One end of the first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 One end of the second intermediate variable capacitance tube C v2 One end of the third capacitor C n The other end of the first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 The other end is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator, and the second intermediate variable capacitance tube C v2 The other end of the fifth resistor R is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; n , the third capacitor C n 、The first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 and the second intermediate level-adjusting varactor C v2 The intersection point is the voltage control input V mctrl .

[0019] Furthermore, the intermediate-stage varactor is an NMOS varactor, whose gate is connected to the output terminal of the digital controlled oscillator, and whose source and drain are connected to V mctrl connect.

[0020] Furthermore, the fine-tuning stage varactor circuit includes a sixth resistor R n , the fourth capacitor C n , the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 , the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 and a digital-to-analog converter; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fine-tuning input control word signal V DAC [6:0] Connect the output of the digital-to-analog converter to the sixth resistor R n One end of the sixth resistor R n The other end is connected to the fourth capacitor C n One end of the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 One end of the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 One end of the fourth capacitor C n The other end of the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 The other end is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator, and the second fine-tuning stage variable capacitance tube C v2 The other end of the sixth resistor R is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; n , the fourth capacitor C n , the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 and the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 The intersection point is the voltage control input Vpctrl .

[0021] Furthermore, the fine-tuning stage varactor includes a PMOS varactor and an NMOS varactor; the gate of the NMOS varactor and the gate of the PMOS varactor are both connected to the output end of the digital control oscillator, and the source and drain of the NMOS varactor and the source and drain of the PMOS varactor are both connected to V pctrl connect.

[0022] Furthermore, the digital-to-analog converter is a 7-bit digital-to-analog converter, including 2 7 +1 resistor R DAC [128:0], 2 7 2 transmission gates T[127:0] and decoders; 7 +1 resistor R DAC [128:0] are connected in series to form a resistor string; every two resistors R DAC [k], R DAC [k-1] are connected together and recorded as voltage output V DAC [k], k = 0, 1, ..., 128; one end of the transmission gate T[k] is connected to V DAC [k], the other end is connected to the output V of the digital-to-analog converter A , the control end of the transmission gate T[k] is connected to the output tw of the decoder DAC [k]; The input of the decoder is connected to the 7-bit digital control signal tw[6:0] of the digital-to-analog converter, and the output of the decoder tw DAC [k] is connected to the control end of the transmission gate T[k].

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention adopts a switched capacitor array, a resistor string digital-to-analog converter and a varactor to jointly realize the hierarchical adjustment of the frequency of the digital controlled oscillator, which reduces the connection loss in the resonant cavity and also makes the layout of the digital controlled oscillator more free.

[0025] 2. The digital controlled oscillator of the present invention achieves an oscillation frequency from 8.3 GHz to 12.6 GHz, reaching a tuning range of 41%. Through the combined action of the digital-to-analog converter and the fine-tuning capacitor, a high-precision frequency tuning resolution of 35 kHz is achieved. And by utilizing the complementary characteristics of NMOS and PMOS varactors, a fine-tuning grade varactor that is more than 10 times finer than a traditional varactor is achieved, thereby improving the output frequency accuracy of the digital controlled oscillator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of output frequency division of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coarse adjustment stage switched capacitor array circuit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mid-level variable capacitance tube circuit of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fine-tuning stage varactor circuit of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a resistor string digital-to-analog converter circuit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the application architecture of the radio frequency phase-shifted phased array of the broadband digitally controlled oscillator of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0035] Coarse adjustment stage switched capacitor array circuit, medium adjustment stage varactor circuit, fine adjustment stage varactor circuit, 7-bit digital-to-analog converter, transformer coil, differential negative resistance cross-coupled transistor and resistor.

[0036] The two ends of the first coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator, so as to control the switch capacitor array and realize coarse adjustment of the output oscillation frequency of the digital controlled oscillator; the two ends of the medium adjustment stage varactor circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator, so as to control the medium adjustment varactor and realize medium adjustment of the output oscillation frequency of the digital controlled oscillator; the two ends of the fine adjustment stage varactor circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator, so as to control the fine adjustment varactor and realize fine adjustment of the output oscillation frequency of the digital controlled oscillator.

[0037] The first 7-bit digital-to-analog converter is connected to the mid-adjustment stage varactor circuit, and the second 7-bit digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fine-adjustment stage varactor circuit, and is used to convert the digital control signal into an analog control voltage signal, and after low-pass filtering, control the varactor to achieve discrete frequency adjustment.

[0038] The sources of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 and the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 are connected to the resistor R bias Connect one end of the resistor R bias The other end is connected to the power supply V DD The drain of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital control oscillator, and the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital control oscillator; the gate of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2, and the gate of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the drain of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1; the two ends of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit are respectively connected to the source of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3 and the source of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4.

[0039] One end of the transformer primary coil L1 is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digitally controlled oscillator, the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3, and the gate of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4, and the other end of the transformer primary coil L1 is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digitally controlled oscillator, the drain of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3, and the gate of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4.

[0040] One end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the source of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3; the other end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the source of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4; the center tap of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the resistor R tail Connect one end of the resistor R tail The other end is grounded.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to achieve a wide tuning range and improve frequency accuracy, the present invention divides the output frequency range of the broadband digitally controlled oscillator into three levels, and the frequency adjustment range of each level gradually decreases and the frequency resolution gradually increases, thereby improving the output frequency range and frequency accuracy while ensuring high capacitor matching accuracy.

[0042] The first stage is the coarse frequency adjustment stage, which can calibrate the deviation of the output oscillation frequency of the CNC oscillator caused by process, power supply voltage and temperature changes; the second stage is the mid-frequency adjustment stage, which is used to obtain the required frequency band after the coarse adjustment calibration; the third stage is the fine frequency adjustment stage, which can achieve the finest frequency resolution and the frequency band range of this stage is also the narrowest, which is mainly used to track the input reference frequency of the phase-locked loop.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the coarse adjustment switch capacitor array circuit includes 6 groups of coarse adjustment switch capacitors; the first and second ends of each group of coarse adjustment switch capacitors are respectively connected to the two output terminals OUT+ and OUT- of the digital control oscillator, and the third end of the coarse adjustment switch capacitor is connected to the coarse adjustment input control word signal V1 RCTRL [5:0] connection. Each unit of the coarse adjustment stage switched capacitor array circuit can be controlled by the coarse adjustment input control word signal and switched to a large capacitance or a small capacitance state individually, thereby realizing discrete coarse adjustment of the output frequency.

[0044] The coarse adjustment switch capacitor includes a first capacitor C n1 , the second capacitor C n2 , the third resistor R b1 , the fourth resistor R b2 , NMOS transistor M n and inverter I nv ; The first capacitor C n1 One end of the third resistor R b1 One end of NMOS tube M n The drain connection of the first capacitor C n1 The other end of the second capacitor C is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator; n2 One end of the fourth resistor R b2 One end of NMOS tube M n The source of the second capacitor C n2 The other end of the inverter I is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; nv The input terminal and the third resistor R b1 The other end of the fourth resistor R b2 The other end, coarse adjustment input control word signal V RCTRL Connection: Inverter I nv The output terminal of the NMOS transistor M n The gate connection.

[0045] In order to reduce the routing loss in the resonant cavity and make the layout more flexible, the mid-adjustment stage and fine-adjustment stage of the digitally controlled oscillator use digital-to-analog converters to convert digital signals into analog signals to control the varactor to achieve frequency adjustment.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the mid-level variable capacitance tube circuit includes a fifth resistor R n , the third capacitor C n 、The first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 、The second intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v2 and a digital-to-analog converter; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the intermediate input control word signal V DAC[6:0] connection, the output of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fifth resistor R n One end of the fifth resistor R n The other end is connected to the third capacitor C n One end of the first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 One end of the second intermediate variable capacitance tube C v2 One end of the third capacitor C n The other end of the first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 The other end is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator, and the second intermediate variable capacitance tube C v2 The other end of the fifth resistor R is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; n , the third capacitor C n 、The first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 and the second intermediate level-adjusting varactor C v2 The intersection point is the voltage control input V mctrl .

[0047] The middle-level variable capacitance tube is an NMOS variable capacitance tube, whose gate is connected to the output end of the digital controlled oscillator, and whose source and drain are connected to V mctrl connect.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to improve the frequency accuracy, the varactor of the fine-tuning stage utilizes the complementary characteristics of the PMOS varactor and the NMOS varactor, and adopts the method of connecting the PMOS varactor and the NMOS varactor in parallel to reduce the capacitance variation range of the capacitor unit, thereby achieving a capacitance adjustment accuracy that is one order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional PMOS or NMOS varactor.

[0049] The fine-tuning stage varactor circuit includes a sixth resistor R n , the fourth capacitor C n , the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 , the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 and a digital-to-analog converter; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fine-tuning input control word signal V DAC [6:0] Connect the output of the digital-to-analog converter to the sixth resistor R n One end of the sixth resistor R n The other end is connected to the fourth capacitor C n One end of the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 One end of the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 One end of the fourth capacitor C n The other end of the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 The other end is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator, and the second fine-tuning stage variable capacitance tube C v2The other end of the sixth resistor R is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; n , the fourth capacitor C n , the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 and the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 The intersection point is the voltage control input V pctrl .

[0050] The fine-tuning stage varactor includes a PMOS varactor and an NMOS varactor; the gate of the NMOS varactor and the gate of the PMOS varactor are both connected to the output end of the digital control oscillator, and the source and drain of the NMOS varactor and the source and drain of the PMOS varactor are both connected to V pctrl connect.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the digital-to-analog converter includes 2 7 +1 resistor R DAC [128:0], 2 7 2 transmission gates T[127:0] and decoders; 7 +1 resistor R DAC [128:0] are connected in series to form a resistor string; every two resistors R DAC [k], R DAC [k-1] are connected together and recorded as voltage output V DAC [k], k = 0, 1, ..., 128; one end of the transmission gate T[k] is connected to V DAC [k], the other end is connected to the output V of the digital-to-analog converter A , the control end of the transmission gate T[k] is connected to the output tw of the decoder DAC [k]; The input of the decoder is connected to the 7-bit digital control signal tw[6:0] of the digital-to-analog converter, and the output of the decoder tw DAC [k] is connected to the control end of the transmission gate T[k].

[0052] The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with graded mixed frequency regulation proposed in the present invention adopts a transformer feedback structure, and designs the second resonance point of the transformer to be twice the output oscillation frequency, thereby achieving high impedance at the second harmonic of the output frequency, suppressing the Groszkowski effect caused by the second harmonic component, and thus improving the performance of phase noise. In order to ensure that the second resonance point of the transformer is always twice the oscillation frequency, the same coarse adjustment level switch capacitor array circuit is added to the secondary coil of the digitally controlled oscillator, and the same coarse adjustment level input signal is used for control. At the same time, a resistor is added at the top and bottom to increase the impedance of the common mode path to prevent the quality factor of the resonant cavity from being reduced due to the periodic conduction of the cross-coupled tube transistor.

[0053] The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation proposed in the present invention is applied to a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system, such as Figure 7 As shown, in the phased array transmitting system, the broadband digitally controlled oscillator with graded mixed frequency adjustment outputs a high-precision RF frequency, which is sent to the mixer for mixing to obtain a modulated signal; the signal is sent to the RF power distribution unit for power distribution; the mixed signal after RF power distribution is sent to the phase shifter for phase shifting to control the direction of the beam; the phase-shifted mixed signal is sent to the RF power amplifier for power amplification and transmitted through the phased array antenna.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system, characterized in that: include: Coarse-tuning stage switched capacitor array circuit, medium-tuning stage varactor circuit, fine-tuning stage varactor circuit, digital-to-analog converter, transformer coil, differential negative resistance cross-coupled transistor and resistor; Two ends of the first coarse-adjustment-stage switched capacitor array circuit, the middle-adjustment-stage varactor circuit, and the fine-adjustment-stage varactor circuit are respectively connected to two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digitally controlled oscillator; the first digital-to-analog converter is connected to the middle-adjustment-stage varactor circuit, and the second digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fine-adjustment-stage varactor circuit; The first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is respectively connected to the resistor R bias One end of the digital control oscillator is connected to the output end OUT+ of the digital control oscillator; The second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is respectively connected to the resistor R bias The other end of the digital control oscillator is connected to the output end OUT+ of the digital control oscillator, one end of the transformer primary coil L1, and one end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4 is respectively connected to the output end OUT- of the digital control oscillator, the other end of the transformer primary coil L1, and the other end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; One end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to one end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; the other end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the other end of the second coarse adjustment stage switch capacitor array circuit; the center tap of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the resistor R tail Connect one end of the resistor R tail The other end is grounded.

2. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sources of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 and the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 are connected to the resistor R bias The first end of the resistor R bias The second end is connected to the power supply V DD The drain of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital control oscillator, and the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital control oscillator; the gate of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2, and the gate of the second differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the drain of the first differential negative resistance cross-coupled PMOS transistor M1; Two ends of the second coarse adjustment stage switched capacitor array circuit are respectively connected to the source of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3 and the source of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4; One end of the transformer primary coil L1 is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital control oscillator, the drain of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3, and the gate of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4, and the other end of the transformer primary coil L1 is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital control oscillator, the drain of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3, and the gate of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4; One end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the source of the third differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M3; the other end of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the source of the fourth differential negative resistance cross-coupled NMOS transistor M4; the center tap of the transformer secondary coil L2 is connected to the resistor R tail Connect one end of the resistor R tail The other end is grounded.

3. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output frequency range of the broadband digitally controlled oscillator with graded mixed frequency regulation is divided into three levels, the first level is the frequency coarse regulation level, the second level is the frequency medium regulation level, and the third level is the frequency fine regulation level.

4. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse adjustment switch capacitor array circuit includes 6 groups of coarse adjustment switch capacitors; the first and second ends of each group of coarse adjustment switch capacitors are respectively connected to the two output ends OUT+ and OUT- of the digital control oscillator, and the third end of the coarse adjustment switch capacitor is connected to the coarse adjustment input control word signal V1 RCTRL [5:0] connection.

5. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coarse adjustment switch capacitor includes a first capacitor C n1 , the second capacitor C n2 , the third resistor R b1 , the fourth resistor R b2 , NMOS transistor M n and inverter I nv ; The first capacitor C n1 One end of the third resistor R b1 One end of NMOS tube M n The drain connection of the first capacitor C n1 The other end of the second capacitor C is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator; n2 One end of the fourth resistor R b2 One end of NMOS tube M n The source of the second capacitor C n2 The other end of the inverter I is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; nv The input terminal and the third resistor R b1 The other end of the fourth resistor R b2 The other end, coarse adjustment input control word signal V RCTRL Connection: Inverter I nv The output terminal of the NMOS transistor M n The gate connection.

6. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate level adjustment varactor circuit includes a fifth resistor R n , the third capacitor C n 、The first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 、The second intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v2 and digital-to-analog converters; The input terminal of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the intermediate input control word signal V DAC [6:0] connection, the output of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fifth resistor R n One end of the fifth resistor R n The other end is connected to the third capacitor C n One end of the first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 One end of the second intermediate variable capacitance tube C v2 One end of the third capacitor C n The other end of the first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 The other end is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator, and the second intermediate variable capacitance tube C v2 The other end of the fifth resistor R is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; n , the third capacitor C n 、The first intermediate level-adjusting variable capacitance tube C v1 and the second intermediate level-adjusting varactor C v2 The intersection point is the voltage control input V mctrl .

7. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation applied to a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The middle-level variable capacitance tube is an NMOS variable capacitance tube, whose gate is connected to the output end of the digital controlled oscillator, and whose source and drain are connected to V mctrl connect.

8. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation for use in a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine-tuning stage varactor circuit includes a sixth resistor R n , the fourth capacitor C n , the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 , the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 and digital-to-analog converters; The input terminal of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the fine-tuning input control word signal V DAC [6:0] Connect the output of the digital-to-analog converter to the sixth resistor R n One end of the sixth resistor R n The other end is connected to the fourth capacitor C n One end of the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 One end of the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 One end of the fourth capacitor C n The other end of the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 The other end is connected to the output terminal OUT+ of the digital controlled oscillator, and the second fine-tuning stage variable capacitance tube C v2 The other end of the sixth resistor R is connected to the output terminal OUT- of the digital controlled oscillator; n , the fourth capacitor C n , the first fine-tuning stage varactor C v1 and the second fine-tuning stage varactor C v2 The intersection point is the voltage control input V pctrl .

9. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation applied to a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fine-tuning stage varactor includes a PMOS varactor and an NMOS varactor; the gate of the NMOS varactor and the gate of the PMOS varactor are both connected to the output end of the digital control oscillator, and the source and drain of the NMOS varactor and the source and drain of the PMOS varactor are both connected to V pctrl connect.

10. The broadband digitally controlled oscillator with hierarchical hybrid frequency regulation applied to a millimeter wave phased array transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DAC is a 7-bit DAC, including 2 7 +1 resistor R DAC [128:0], 2 7 2 transmission gates T[127:0] and decoders; 7 +1 resistor R DAC [128:0] are connected in series to form a resistor string; every two resistors R DAC [k], R DAC [k-1] are connected together and recorded as voltage output V DAC [k], k = 0, 1, ..., 128; one end of the transmission gate T[k] is connected to V DAC [k], the other end is connected to the output V of the digital-to-analog converter A , the control end of the transmission gate T[k] is connected to the output tw of the decoder DAC [k]; The input of the decoder is connected to the 7-bit digital control signal tw[6:0] of the digital-to-analog converter, and the output of the decoder tw DAC [k] is connected to the control end of the transmission gate T[k].

Images