A mold cavity complex surface texturing device based on five-axis laser

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of laser texturing, and specifically relates to a mold cavity complex surface texturing device based on a five-axis laser, which includes a frame, a fixture, a laser, a dynamic focusing mirror, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module and a transmission module. The X-axis module includes an X-axis galvanometer and an X main shaft, and the Y-axis module includes a Y-axis galvanometer and a Y main shaft. The X-axis galvanometer is on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror, and the Y-axis galvanometer is on the front side of the X-axis galvanometer. The X main shaft and the Y main shaft respectively penetrate through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer, and both the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer slide along the penetration direction. The transmission module is installed between the X main shaft and the Y main shaft. By reducing the axial width of the galvanometer and making the galvanometer follow the laser to compensate for the axial width, the present invention achieves the effect of reducing the mass of the galvanometer and enabling precise control. Moreover, through the width compensation of the galvanometer, the 3D texturing space of the texturing device is enlarged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser texturing, and particularly to a mold cavity complex surface texturing device based on five-axis laser. Background Technique

[0002] The texturing process not only makes the product more beautiful and elegant, but also facilitates the demolding of the product during the production process. Therefore, the mold usually textures the local surface inside the cavity. Common texturing methods can generally be divided into two categories: chemical formula and mechanical type. The chemical formula texturing process is often accompanied by pollution. In contrast, with the development of laser technology in recent years, the mechanical type represented by laser texturing has broad application prospects.

[0003] The five-axis laser texturing device is developed on the basis of the four-axis laser texturing device. The four axes in the traditional four-axis laser texturing device refer to the two axes on the fixture and the two axes of the galvanometer system. The two axes of the galvanometer system refer to the rotational degrees of freedom of the two galvanometers around their respective central axes, so that the laser emitted by the laser passes through two reflections (usually the first reflection of the laser is called X-axis adjustment, and the second reflection is called Y-axis adjustment), and thus focuses on any point in the plane rectangular coordinate system; however, the internal surface of the mold cavity is complex, and only focusing on the same plane cannot complete the processing of the uneven surface. Therefore, the other two-axis degrees of freedom on the fixture are required to adjust the pose of the workpiece to assist in the processing; and each adjustment of the workpiece pose will bring new errors, and when processing a mold cavity with a complex surface, not only the accuracy is not high, but the frequent pose adjustment will also greatly reduce the production efficiency; to solve the problems of the traditional four-axis laser texturing device when texturing complex surfaces, the prior art usually adds a degree of freedom to the galvanometer system (usually called Z-axis adjustment) to enable the laser to focus on planes with different heights, so as to complete 3D stereoscopic texturing; for example, in the high-speed dynamic focusing laser galvanometer module with the publication number of CN105974581B, by using Z-axis dynamic focusing, the marking quality and engraving effect of the laser are greatly improved.

[0004] The five-axis laser texturing device can make the laser focus on any point in the three-dimensional coordinate system through the dynamic compensation of the Z-axis for precise texturing, thereby ensuring the quality of the texture. However, due to the limited height difference between the galvanometer system and the fixture, the three-dimensional local area where the laser can be focused is also limited. When processing large-volume molds, in order to make the laser focus in a larger range, there are usually two methods. One is to increase the height difference between the galvanometer system and the fixture, and the other is to increase the reflection surface of the galvanometer. The former is simple and effective, but the volume of the texturing device will increase with the increase in the volume of the processed mold, thereby increasing the production and installation costs. Moreover, the increase in the height difference will also extend the transmission distance of the laser, resulting in additional energy consumption. Therefore, the latter is more common. However, the latter also has obvious disadvantages: the quality of the galvanometer will increase with the increase in the area of the galvanometer reflection surface, which will lead to an increase in the moment of inertia of the galvanometer, resulting in inaccurate control of the operating state of the galvanometer by the control system, and reducing the quality of the texture on the mold cavity.

[0005] Therefore, a texturing device for complex curved surfaces of mold cavities based on five-axis lasers is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a texturing device for complex curved surfaces of mold cavities based on five-axis lasers, which solves the problem that the large quality of the galvanometer causes inaccurate control and affects the quality of laser texturing. By reducing the axial width of the galvanometer and compensating for the axial width by making the galvanometer follow the laser, the effect of reducing the quality of the galvanometer and making the control precise is achieved. Moreover, through the width compensation of the galvanometer, the 3D texturing space of the texturing device is enlarged.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A texturing device for complex curved surfaces of mold cavities based on five-axis lasers, including a frame, a fixture, a laser, a dynamic focusing mirror, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module, and a transmission module. The X-axis module includes an X-axis galvanometer and an X main shaft. The Y-axis module includes a Y-axis galvanometer and a Y main shaft. The X-axis galvanometer is on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror, and the Y-axis galvanometer is in front of the X-axis galvanometer. The X main shaft and the Y main shaft respectively pass through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer, and both the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer slide along the passing direction. The transmission module is installed between the X main shaft and the Y main shaft;

[0009] While the X main shaft drives the X-axis galvanometer to rotate, it also drives the X-axis galvanometer to slide up and down. The transmission module driven by the rotation of the X main shaft drives the Y-axis galvanometer to slide left and right.

[0010] To make the Y-axis galvanometer slide axially along the Y main axis, there are many available methods. For example, an additional control system can be arranged. This control system can serve as the master drive of the Y-axis module or as the slave drive of the Y-axis module. Compared with this solution, the above solution does not require the linkage between structures, so the design and assembly are more convenient. However, it is lacking in terms of control cost and control accuracy.

[0011] Preferably, the Y-axis module further includes a Y-axis motor. The Y-axis motor is installed on the frame, and the output shaft of the Y-axis motor is connected to the Y main axis. The Y-axis galvanometer is connected to the Y main axis by a spline.

[0012] Through the above solution, by using the spline connection, while completing the circumferential positioning of the Y-axis galvanometer on the Y main axis, the axial freedom of the Y-axis galvanometer on the Y main axis is not restricted. Thus, while the Y-axis galvanometer follows the deflection of the Y-axis motor, it can still slide left and right along the Y main axis to cooperate with the deflection of the X-axis galvanometer to emit the light emitted by the laser to a determined position.

[0013] Preferably, the X-axis module further includes an X-axis motor, a pressing block, and a spring. The X-axis motor is installed on the frame, and the output shaft of the X-axis motor is connected to the X main axis. The transmission module includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a transmission shaft, a transverse movement gear, and a transverse movement rack. The driving gear is rotatably connected to the frame. The driven gear is engaged on one side of the driving gear. The transmission shaft penetrates through the driven gear. The transverse movement gear is installed on the transmission shaft. The transverse movement rack is engaged behind the transverse movement gear, and the transverse movement rack is slidably connected to the frame. A limiting plate is installed on the rack, and both of the two limiting plates are sleeved on the Y main axis.

[0014] In the above solution, through the engagement of the driven gear and the driving gear and the engagement of the transverse movement gear and the transverse movement rack, the transverse movement rack follows the driving gear to drive the Y-axis galvanometer to slide left and right on the Y main axis, so that the Y-axis galvanometer receives the laser reflected from the X-axis galvanometer.

[0015] The transmission module only needs to cooperate the driving gear and the transverse movement rack to realize that the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer drives the axial sliding of the Y-axis galvanometer. However, the rotation angle range of the X-axis galvanometer is 90°, while the Y-axis galvanometer needs sufficient axial transverse movement to receive the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer. Therefore, when the X-axis galvanometer rotates slightly, the Y-axis galvanometer should be able to have obvious transverse movement.

[0016] Preferably, the number of teeth of the driving gear is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear, and the number of teeth of the transverse movement gear is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear.

[0017] In the above solution, the number of teeth of the driven gear is less than that of the driving gear, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the transmission shaft. The number of teeth of the transverse movement gear is greater than that of the driven gear, thereby increasing the linear speed of the rotation of the transverse movement gear to increase the left - right sliding speed of the transverse movement rack, so as to amplify the rotational speed of the driving gear to the sliding speed of the Y - axis galvanometer along the Y - axis main shaft; and through the meshing of the driving gear with a large number of teeth and the driven gear with a small number of teeth, the driving of the transmission module can also be made more labor - saving to ensure the timely response of the X - axis galvanometer to the control system, thereby ensuring the texture quality of the mold cavity.

[0018] Preferably, a cage is installed on the side of the limiting plate adjacent to the Y - axis galvanometer. Ball bearings are installed on the cage, and the ball bearings are in contact with the left or right side of the Y - axis galvanometer.

[0019] In the above solution, the ball bearings on the cage keep rolling on the left and right end faces of the Y - axis galvanometer, so as to change the surface contact between the left and right end faces of the Y - axis galvanometer and the limiting plate into point contact, and further change the sliding contact into rolling contact, thereby greatly reducing the friction suffered by the two end faces of the Y - axis galvanometer itself during circumferential rotation, so as to maintain the sensitivity to the control system, thereby ensuring the texture quality of the mold cavity.

[0020] Texture is a 3D operation process, and the three - dimensional effect of the texture is formed by superimposing several texture planes. Therefore, during the texture process, the laser focus point will continuously reciprocate; if it is ensured that the galvanometer can brake in time during a large number of reciprocations, the texture operation time will be greatly shortened, thereby improving the texture efficiency.

[0021] Preferably, the cage is made of soft magnetic material.

[0022] In the above solution, the soft magnetic material has magnetism when electrified and loses magnetism after power - off; thus, during the reciprocation of the laser focus point, the cage can be electrified to generate adsorption on the ball bearings, so as to change the rolling friction between the Y - axis galvanometer and the ball bearings into sliding friction, thereby shortening the braking time of the Y - axis galvanometer during rotation.

[0023] The laser used for texture is a high - output continuous laser with a power greater than 500 mV. When it is projected onto the surface of the galvanometer, heat will be generated. The position change amplitude of the projection point of the laser emitted by the laser on the X - axis galvanometer is tiny (therefore, the area of the reflection surface of the X - axis galvanometer is generally small, so there is no problem of inaccurate control due to its large own mass). When texturing a large - scale mold, the projection point will stay within a small fixed range of the X - axis galvanometer for a long time, thereby continuously increasing the local temperature of the X - axis galvanometer, resulting in damage to the structure and function of the X - axis galvanometer.

[0024] Preferably, the X - axis main shaft includes a spline section and a threaded section, and the X - axis galvanometer is installed on the spline section.

[0025] In the above solution, the X-axis galvanometer can slide up and down along the spline section to prevent the laser emitted by the laser from staying in a fixed small range of the X-axis galvanometer for a long time, so that the heat on the X-axis galvanometer can be more easily dissipated, thereby protecting the X galvanometer from damage and enabling the texturing device to work stably for a long time.

[0026] Preferably, the spline section is located at the lower part of the X main shaft, the threaded section is located above the spline section, the pressing block is installed on the threaded section, and the pressing block is slidably connected to the frame. One end of the spring is connected below the X-axis galvanometer, and the other end of the spring is connected to the frame;

[0027] In the above solution, through the engagement of the pressing block and the threaded section, the pressing block slides up and down as the X main shaft rotates, and then cooperates with the spring below the X-axis galvanometer to press down or pull up the X-axis galvanometer; the method of using double pressing blocks above and below the X-axis galvanometer is not adopted in order to reduce the driving force on the pressing block, and the pressing block and the spring are respectively arranged above and below the X-axis galvanometer, further reducing the driving force, so that the response of the X-axis galvanometer to the control system is more sensitive, in order to improve the texturing quality of the mold cavity.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. The present invention shortens the width of the Y-axis galvanometer and makes it move to the right as the X-axis galvanometer turns to the right, and then receives the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer. Thus, it not only reduces the mass of the Y-axis galvanometer, making the feedback of the Y-axis galvanometer to the control system sensitive to improve the texturing quality, but also realizes the compensation of the width of the Y-axis galvanometer by the left and right sliding of the Y-axis galvanometer, increasing the focusing range of the laser to adapt to the texturing of large and complex curved surface cavity molds.

[0030] 2. While the present invention uses the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer to control the movement of the Y-axis galvanometer, it uses the pressing block above the X-axis galvanometer and the spring below to realize the up and down sliding of the X-axis galvanometer along the X main shaft during the rotation process, so as to avoid the high-energy laser projecting on a fixed small area of the X-axis galvanometer for a long time when texturing large and complex curved surface cavity molds, thereby avoiding the local temperature rise of the X-axis galvanometer and enabling the texturing device to work stably for a long time.

[0031] 3. The present invention adds a driving gear and a driven gear on the basis of the transverse movement gear and the transverse movement rack, and the number of teeth of the driving gear driven by the X main shaft is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear, thereby reducing the driving force required by the transmission module, making the feedback of the X-axis galvanometer to the control system more sensitive, thus improving the texturing quality, and making the number of teeth of the transverse movement gear greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear to further reduce the transmission ratio, thereby increasing the axial sliding amount of the Y-axis galvanometer so that the Y-axis galvanometer can receive the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer more accurately. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1Isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in

[0034] Figure 3 Isometric view of the galvanometer system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Front view of the galvanometer system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the X main shaft structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the state where the Y-axis galvanometer of the present invention is located at the right end of the Y main shaft;

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the state where the Y-axis galvanometer of the present invention is located in the middle of the Y main shaft;

[0039] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the state where the Y-axis galvanometer of the present invention is located at the left end of the Y main shaft.

[0040] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, fixture; 3, laser; 4, dynamic focusing mirror; 5, X-axis module; 51, X-axis galvanometer; 52, X main shaft; 521, spline section; 522, threaded section; 53, X-axis motor; 54, pressing block; 55, spring; 6, Y-axis module; 61, Y-axis galvanometer; 62, Y main shaft; 63, Y-axis motor; 7, transmission module; 71, driving gear; 72, driven gear; 73, transmission shaft; 74, transverse movement gear; 75, transverse movement rack; 76, limit plate; 761, cage; 762, ball. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides a die cavity complex surface texturing device based on five-axis laser, and the technical solutions are as follows:

[0043] A mold cavity complex surface texturing device based on a five-axis laser, comprising a frame 1, a fixture 2, a laser 3, a dynamic focusing mirror 4, an X-axis module 5, a Y-axis module 6, and a transmission module 7. The fixture 2 is installed on the frame 1, and the fixture 2 has two degrees of freedom: one is to rotate around the left-right direction, and the other is to rotate around the front-back direction. The laser 3 is installed on the inner wall of the frame 1. The dynamic focusing mirror 4 is slidably connected inside the frame 1. When specifically implementing the sliding connection, a motor can be used in cooperation with a lead screw to provide the sliding force, and a slide rail and a slider are installed between the dynamic focusing mirror 4 and the inner wall of the frame 1 for guiding. By sliding the dynamic focusing mirror 4 in the left-right direction, the focusing height of the laser reflected by the galvanometer system can be changed, thereby realizing texturing on the surfaces of mold cavities at different heights. The X-axis module 5 includes an X-axis galvanometer 51 and an X main shaft 52. The Y-axis module 6 includes a Y-axis galvanometer 61 and a Y main shaft 62. The X-axis galvanometer 51 is on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror 4, and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is on the front side of the X-axis galvanometer 51. The X main shaft 52 and the Y main shaft 62 respectively penetrate through the X-axis galvanometer 51 and the Y-axis galvanometer 61, and both the X-axis galvanometer 51 and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 slide along the penetration direction. The transmission module 7 is installed between the X main shaft 52 and the Y main shaft 62.

[0044] While the X main shaft 52 drives the X-axis galvanometer 51 to rotate, it also drives the X-axis galvanometer 51 to slide up and down. The transmission module 7 driven by the rotation of the X main shaft 52 drives the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to slide left and right.

[0045] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the Y-axis module 6 further includes a Y-axis motor 63. The Y-axis motor 63 is installed on the frame 1, and the output shaft of the Y-axis motor 63 is connected to the Y main shaft 62. The Y-axis galvanometer 61 is connected to the Y main shaft 62 by a spline. The Y main shaft 62 is supported on the inner bottom wall of the frame 1 by a pair of bearing seats. When installing, first place the Y-axis galvanometer 61 between two limit plates 76, then sequentially pass the Y main shaft 62 through the limit plates 76 and the Y-axis galvanometer 61, then install a pair of bearing seats at the left and right ends of the Y main shaft 62, then fix the bearing seats on the frame 1, and finally use a coupling to connect the output shaft of the Y-axis motor 63 and the left end of the Y main shaft 62. Both the Y-axis motor 63 and the X-axis motor 53 are swing motors, and both swing within an angle range not exceeding 90°. With the power provided by the Y-axis motor 63, the Y-axis galvanometer 61 rotates downward. The larger the rotation angle, the more forward the laser focus point. Similarly, the X-axis motor 53 drives the X-axis galvanometer 51 to rotate leftward. The larger the rotation angle, the more leftward the laser focus point.

[0046] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the X-axis module 5 further includes an X-axis motor 53, a pressing block 54, and a spring 55. The X-axis motor 53 is installed on the frame 1, and the output shaft of the X-axis motor 53 is connected to the X main shaft 52. The transmission module 7 includes a driving gear 71, a driven gear 72, a transmission shaft 73, a transverse movement gear 74, and a transverse movement rack 75. The driving gear 71 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The rotational connection between the driving gear 71 and the frame 1 is realized through a plain bearing, and the driving gear 71 is key-connected to the X main shaft 52. The driven gear 72 meshes with one side of the driving gear 71. The transmission shaft 73 penetrates through the driven gear 72, and both ends of the transmission shaft 73 are inserted into bearings and rotatably connected to the frame 1. The transverse movement gear 74 is installed on the transmission shaft 73. The transverse movement rack 75 meshes with the rear side of the transverse movement gear 74, so that the sliding direction of the transverse movement rack 75 is the same as the rotation direction of the driving gear 71. A slide rail and a slide table are installed between the transverse movement rack 75 and the inner wall of the frame 1 to realize the sliding connection of the transverse movement rack 75 on the frame 1. A limit plate 76 is installed on the rack. Both limit plates 76 are sleeved on the Y main shaft 62, and the inner hole of the limit plate 76 has a clearance fit with the Y main shaft 62; the number of teeth of the driving gear 71 is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear 72, and the number of teeth of the transverse movement gear 74 is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear 72. The number of teeth of the driving gear 71 should not be too many, otherwise it will increase the weight of the driving gear 71, thereby affecting the sensitivity of the X-axis galvanometer 51 to the feedback of the control system.

[0047] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 , a cage 761 is installed on one side of the limit plate 76 adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer 61. A ball 762 is installed on the cage 761. The ball 762 is in contact with the left or right side surface of the Y-axis galvanometer 61; the cage 761 is made of a soft magnetic material; the cage 761 is formed by buckling two plates together, and the ball 762 is embedded in the hole groove reserved in the cage 761; when the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is in a continuous rotation state in a certain direction, the cage 761 is powered off, and the left and right end faces of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 are in rolling contact with the ball 762; when the Y-axis galvanometer 61 adjusts the rotation direction, the cage 761 is powered on, and the left and right end faces of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 are in sliding contact with the ball 762.

[0048] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 5, the X main shaft 52 includes a spline section 521 and a threaded section 522. The X-axis galvanometer 51 is installed on the spline section 521. The spline section 521 is located at the lower part of the X main shaft 52, and the threaded section 522 is located above the spline section 521. The pressing block 54 is installed on the threaded section 522, and a thread meshing with the circumferential surface of the threaded section 522 is provided on the inner circle of the pressing block 54. A slide rail and a slider (same as before) are arranged between the pressing block 54 and the frame 1 to achieve the sliding connection of the pressing block 54 on the frame 1. One end of the spring 55 is connected below the X-axis galvanometer 51, and the other end of the spring 55 is connected to the frame 1. A resisting rod is provided below the pressing block 54 to abut against the upper end face of the X-axis galvanometer 51. A guiding rod is provided on the frame 1. The spring 55 is sleeved on the guiding rod, and the guiding rod is inserted into the X-axis galvanometer 51. A track groove for the relative rotation of the guiding rod and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is provided on the X-axis galvanometer 51.

[0049] Working principle: In the present invention, the axial width of the galvanometer (i.e., the Y-axis galvanometer 61 in the present invention) used for the second reflection of the laser in the existing five-axis laser texturing device is shortened to reduce the mass of the Y-axis galvanometer 61, thereby reducing its moment of inertia, making it sensitive to the feedback of the control system, and thus improving the texturing quality of the device for complex curved surface cavity molds. However, when the width of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is reduced, the reflection area of the laser by it will inevitably decrease, resulting in limited specifications of the texturable molds. To solve this problem, the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is made to perform an axial sliding movement on the Y main shaft 62, so that the Y-axis can accurately receive the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer 51 (refer to Figures 6 to 8 ), to increase the reflection area of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 for the laser;

[0050] Specifically, in order to enable the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to rotate circumferentially following the Y main shaft 62 and also perform an axial sliding movement along the Y main shaft 62, the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and the Y main shaft 62 are connected by splines. While completing the circumferential positioning of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 on the Y main shaft 62, the axial freedom of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 on the Y main shaft 62 is not restricted. Thus, while the Y-axis galvanometer 61 deflects following the Y-axis motor 63, it can still perform an axial sliding movement along the Y main shaft 62;

[0051] In order to enable the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to accurately receive the laser reflected by the X galvanometer, the following settings are made:

[0052] 1) The axial sliding direction of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is the same as the rotation direction of the X-axis galvanometer 51. Specifically, the transverse movement rack 75 is engaged behind the transverse movement gear 74, so that when the driving tooth 71 rotates to the right following the X main shaft 52, the transverse movement rack 75 can also drive the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to slide to the right;

[0053] 2) Reduce the total transmission ratio of the transmission module 7 so that when the driving gear 71 rotates within an angle range of 90°, the transverse movement rack 75 can drive the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to slide a greater distance; specifically, make the number of teeth of both the driving gear 71 and the transverse movement gear 74 greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear 72;

[0054] In order to reduce the friction between the limit plate 76 and the left and right end faces of the Y-axis galvanometer 61, so as to reduce the driving force required for the Y-axis galvanometer 61, thereby improving the sensitivity of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to the feedback of the control system, a cage 761 is installed on the side of the limit plate 76 adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer 61, and balls 762 are installed on the cage 761, and the balls 762 are made to fit with the left or right side surface of the Y-axis galvanometer 61, thereby changing the original sliding surface contact into rolling point contact;

[0055] In order to shorten the braking time of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and improve the efficiency of laser reciprocating focusing; the cage 761 is constructed of a soft magnetic material so that the cage 761 generates adsorption on the balls 762 when powered on, so as to change the rolling friction between the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and the balls 762 into sliding friction, thereby using the increased frictional force to quickly brake;

[0056] In order to prevent the laser emitted by the laser 3 from being concentrated in the fixed area of the X-axis galvanometer 51 for a long time, thereby causing local heating and damaging the X-axis galvanometer 51; the pressing block 54 and the X-axis galvanometer 51 are respectively installed on the threaded section 522 and the spline section 521, and a spring 55 is installed below the X-axis galvanometer 51, so that through the engagement of the pressing block 54 and the threaded section 522, the pressing block 54 slides up and down as the X main shaft 52 rotates, and then cooperates with the spring 55 below the X-axis galvanometer 51 to press down or pull up the X-axis galvanometer 51, thereby preventing the laser emitted by the laser 3 from staying in a certain fixed small range of the X-axis galvanometer 51 for a long time.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A five-axis laser-based mold cavity complex curved surface etching device, comprising a frame (1), a fixture (2), a laser (3) and a dynamic focusing mirror (4), characterized in that: It also includes an X-axis module (5), a Y-axis module (6) and a transmission module (7), wherein the X-axis module (5) includes an X-axis galvanometer (51) and an X-axis spindle (52), and the Y-axis module (6) includes a Y-axis galvanometer (61) and a Y-axis spindle (62), wherein the X-axis galvanometer (51) is located on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror (4), and the Y-axis galvanometer (61) is located in front of the X-axis galvanometer (51), and the X-axis spindle (52) and the Y-axis spindle (62) respectively penetrate the X-axis galvanometer (51) and the Y-axis galvanometer (61), and both the X-axis galvanometer (51) and the Y-axis galvanometer (61) slide along the penetration direction, and the transmission module (7) is installed between the X-axis spindle (52) and the Y-axis spindle (62); The X-axis main shaft (52) drives the X-axis galvanometer (51) to rotate and drives the X-axis galvanometer (51) to slide up and down at the same time, and the transmission module (7) driven by the rotation of the X-axis main shaft (52) drives the Y-axis galvanometer (61) to slide left and right; The Y-axis module (6) further comprises a Y-axis motor (63), wherein the Y-axis motor (63) is mounted on the frame (1), and an output shaft of the Y-axis motor (63) is connected to a Y-spindle (62), and the Y-axis galvanometer (61) is connected to the Y-spindle (62) by means of a spline; The X-axis module (5) further comprises an X-axis motor (53), a pressure block (54) and a spring (55); the X-axis motor (53) is mounted on the frame (1), and the output shaft of the X-axis motor (53) is connected to the X-spindle (52); the transmission module (7) comprises a driving tooth (71), a driven tooth (72), a transmission shaft (73), a transverse gear (74) and a transverse rack (75); the driving tooth (71) is rotatably connected to the frame (1); The driven tooth (72) is meshed with one side of the driving tooth (71), the transmission shaft (73) passes through the driven tooth (72), the transverse shift gear (74) is mounted on the transmission shaft (73), the transverse shift rack (75) is meshed with the rear side of the transverse shift gear (74), and the transverse shift rack (75) is slidably connected to the frame (1), and a limit plate (76) is installed on the transverse shift rack (75), and the two limit plates (76) are both sleeved on the Y main shaft (62).

2. According to claim 1, a five-axis laser-based mold cavity complex curved surface etching device is characterized by: The number of teeth of the driving teeth (71) is greater than the number of teeth of the driven teeth (72), and the number of teeth of the transverse gear (74) is greater than the number of teeth of the driven teeth (72).

3. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining frame (761) is installed on one side of the limit plate (76) adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer (61), and a ball (762) is installed on the retaining frame (761), and the ball (762) is fitted to the left side or the right side of the Y-axis galvanometer (61).

4. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retaining frame (761) is made of soft magnetic material.

5. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-spindle (52) comprises a spline segment (521) and a threaded segment (522), and the X-axis galvanometer (51) is mounted on the spline segment (521).

6. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spline section (521) is located at the bottom of the X-axis main shaft (52), the threaded section (522) is located above the spline section (521), the pressing block (54) is mounted on the threaded section (522), and the pressing block (54) is slidably connected to the frame (1), one end of the spring (55) is connected to the bottom of the X-axis galvanometer (51), and the other end of the spring (55) is connected to the frame (1).

Images