Real-time monitoring device and method for soil disintegration air escape amount and cement dissolution rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device and method for soil disintegration air escape amount and cement dissolution rate. The real-time monitoring device comprises a disintegration tank, the disintegration tank is arranged on a base, a water injection pipe with a valve is arranged at the top of the disintegration tank, a water drainage pipe with a valve is arranged at the bottom of the disintegration tank, and a support is arranged above the disintegration tank. The mechanical sensing unit comprises a lifting rope, a lifting hook, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor and a second tension sensor, and the electrochemical monitoring unit comprises an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a direct-current power supply and a cathode electrode plate which are sequentially connected in series through wires to form a closed monitoring loop. Quantifying the dissolution rate of the cement by monitoring a current signal corresponding to the ion concentration change in the solution; the high-definition camera collects disintegration images in real time and synchronously transmits the disintegration images and sensor data to the server. According to the device, through the combined action of the mechanical sensing unit and the electrochemical monitoring unit, the limitation of single-parameter monitoring is solved, and key data support is provided for stability evaluation of geotechnical engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil disintegration, and particularly relates to a device and method for real-time monitoring of the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration. Background Art

[0002] In the engineering construction in granite residual soil distribution areas, the disintegration characteristics of residual soil are the key factors affecting slope stability, foundation bearing capacity and the safety of underground structures. The disintegration of soil is essentially the result of the coupling of physical water absorption process and chemical dissolution process: on the one hand, after the soil sample is immersed in water, the air in the pores gradually escapes during the water absorption process, resulting in the expansion of the soil pore structure and the change of the effective stress between particles, leading to the initial structure becoming loose; on the other hand, cementing substances (such as soluble salts, free oxides, etc.) dissolve in water to generate Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and other cations and anions, resulting in the attenuation of the cementing strength between soil particles and ultimately leading to disintegration failure.

[0003] Traditional disintegration tests mainly evaluate the anti-disintegration property by measuring the soil disintegration amount or disintegration time. A soil disintegration tester simulating various working conditions disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 202122626580.3 realizes the recording of the image and weight changes during the disintegration process of soil samples under working conditions such as static water, precipitation and the rise and fall of the groundwater level through a high-definition camera and a tensile sensor. A soil disintegration tester that also measures the influence of bubbles disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 202210181465.6 introduces a bubble generation component, considers the influence of bubbles on the soil disintegration process, and uses an electronic scale to replace the float, improving the accuracy of weight monitoring under the influence of bubbles. These technical means have significantly improved the convenience and accuracy of soil disintegration characteristic detection, but there are still the following limitations: 1) During the soil disintegration process, the air escape amount is directly related to the water absorption amount, and the existing devices only indirectly reflect the water absorption amount through weight changes, without independently monitoring the buoyancy change caused by air escape, resulting in systematic deviation of the results; 2) The existing technologies do not involve monitoring the change of solution ion concentration caused by the dissolution of cementing substances, and cannot explain phenomena such as "why the disintegration rate of some soil samples suddenly increases after water absorption saturation", resulting in the understanding of the disintegration mechanism remaining at the macroscopic phenomenon level. Therefore, it is urgent to design a device for real-time monitoring of the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration. By means of collaborative analysis of the two parameters, the interaction between physical water absorption and chemical dissolution is quantified, which is of great significance for the research of disintegration mechanism and the evaluation of engineering stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problem that the physical water absorption and chemical dissolution processes cannot be synchronously monitored in the existing soil disintegration test, the present invention provides a device and method for real-time monitoring of the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration. The purpose is to solve the limitations of single-parameter monitoring through the combined action of a mechanical sensing unit and an electrochemical monitoring unit, realize the coupled analysis of physical water absorption and chemical dissolution during the disintegration process, and provide key data support for the stability evaluation of geotechnical engineering.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The device for real-time monitoring of the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration includes a base, a disintegration tank, a bracket, a mechanical sensing unit, an electrochemical monitoring unit, a high-definition camera, and a server;

[0007] The disintegration tank is arranged on the base. A water injection pipe with a valve is provided at the top of the disintegration tank, and a drain pipe with a valve is provided at the bottom. The bracket is arranged above the disintegration tank;

[0008] The mechanical sensing unit includes a suspension rope, a hook, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor, and a second tension sensor. One end of the two suspension ropes is respectively suspended at the top of the bracket through the hook. The gas collector and the grid plate are respectively suspended in the disintegration tank through the other ends of the two suspension ropes, and the gas collector is located above the grid plate. The first tension sensor and the second tension sensor are respectively arranged on the two suspension ropes;

[0009] The electrochemical monitoring unit includes an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a DC power supply, and a cathode electrode plate that are connected in series through wires to form a closed monitoring circuit; the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are respectively symmetrically attached to both sides of the inner wall of the disintegration tank;

[0010] Two high-definition cameras are respectively installed on both sides of the bracket through adjustable support arms. The server is respectively connected to the first tension sensor, the second tension sensor, the galvanometer, and the high-definition camera.

[0011] Further, the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are rectangular platinum sheets of the same size, and the surfaces are treated by electrochemical polishing, and the bottom edge is 5 cm away from the bottom of the disintegration tank.

[0012] Further, the gas collector is a disc-shaped cover body. The disc-shaped cover body is made of glass material, the bottom surface diameter is larger than the size of the soil sample, and a hook is provided on the top surface.

[0013] Further, the galvanometer is a high-precision digital galvanometer with a measurement accuracy of 1 μA.

[0014] Further, the shape of the grid plate is square, and the size and grid density of the grid plate are set according to actual experimental requirements.

[0015] A soil disintegration test method based on a real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Place the soil sample in the center of the grid plate, adjust the gas collector above the soil sample, and inject deionized water through the water injection pipe until the soil sample is completely immersed;

[0017] Step 2: Start the server to synchronously collect the soil sample weight data of the first tension sensor, the buoyancy data of the second tension sensor and convert them into water absorption, the current data of the ammeter and the initial current, and the disintegration morphology images of the high-definition camera. During the test, record the buoyancy change generated by the escaped air entering the gas collector, and calculate the volume of the escaped air, the soil disintegration rate at time t, the air escape rate, and the cement dissolution rate respectively through Archimedes' law;

[0018] Step 3: After the test, drain the solution through the drain pipe and record the final data.

[0019] Further, the calculation formula for the volume of the escaped air in Step 2 is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, ρg is the liquid unit weight; V a is the air escaped from the specimen at time t; F2 is the change reading of the second tension sensor.

[0022] Further, the calculation formula for the soil disintegration rate at time t in Step 2 is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, R t represents the soil disintegration rate at time t; F 1,0 represents the initial reading of the first tension sensor when the soil sample is placed on the grid plate at the start of the soil disintegration test; F 1,t represents the reading of the first tension sensor when the soil sample disintegrates for time t; |F 2,t | represents the reading of the second tension sensor when the soil sample disintegrates for time t; |F 2,max | represents the reading of the second tension sensor when the disintegration is completed.

[0025] Further, the calculation formula for the air escape rate at time t in Step 2 is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, R a (t) is the air escape rate; V a (t) is the volume of air escaped from the pores of the soil mass absorbing water at time t, cm3 ; V a is the total volume of air inside the soil mass, cm 3 ; R(n) is the disintegration rate of the soil sample when disintegration is completed, %.

[0028] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the cement dissolution rate at time t in step 2 is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, R C (t) is the cement dissolution rate, %; I(t) is the reading of the galvanometer at a certain time t, μA; I(0) is the initial reading of the galvanometer after the sample is completely immersed in water, μA; I is the reading of the galvanometer when disintegration is completed, μA; R(n) is the disintegration rate of the soil sample when disintegration is completed, %.

[0031] Advantages of the present invention

[0032] The real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration of the present invention, through the innovative integration of the mechanical sensing unit and the electrochemical monitoring unit, can realize the synchronous real-time monitoring of the two parameters of the air escape amount and the cement dissolution rate during the soil disintegration process and the dynamic coupling analysis of physical water absorption and chemical dissolution during the soil disintegration process, breaking through the limitations of traditional single-dimensional monitoring. The device adjusts the vertical viewing angle by adjusting the high-definition cameras on both sides of the disintegration tank through adjustable support arms, so as to capture and synchronize the disintegration morphology of the soil sample to the server in real time, providing visual data support for the dynamic analysis of the disintegration process. The gas collector is suspended directly above the grid plate by a suspension rope. Cooperating with the first and second tension sensors and the conversion of Archimedes' law, the air escape amount and the water absorption amount can be quantified in real time; through the closed monitoring circuit composed of an inert electrode plate, a DC power supply, a switch and a galvanometer, the change of the solution current caused by the dissolution of the cement can be dynamically captured. The present invention not only monitors the change of the soil sample weight and the air escape amount, but also quantifies the cement dissolution rate through the electrochemical monitoring unit, can analyze the soil disintegration process more comprehensively, reveal the interaction between physical water absorption and chemical dissolution, is applicable to the research on the soil disintegration characteristics in geotechnical engineering, and has high practical value. And the device adopts a modular design, is easy to operate, has accurate readings, and is convenient for standardized operation. Brief description of the drawings

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the electrochemical monitoring unit in the device.

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 1Three-dimensional diagram showing the change of disintegration rate, cement dissolution rate, and air escape rate with time for the soil sample in the device with a compaction degree of 85% and an initial water content of 20%.

[0036] Wherein:

[0037] 1: Support; 2: Base; 3: Disintegration tank; 4: Grid plate; 5: Gas collector; 6: First tension sensor; 7: Second tension sensor; 8: Hook; 9: Water injection pipe; 10: Drain pipe; 11: Server; 12: Soil sample; 13a: First inert electrode plate; 13b: Second inert electrode plate; 14: Wire; 15: Galvanometer; 16: Switch; 17: DC power supply; 18: High-definition camera. Specific implementation manner

[0038] The present invention will be further explained and described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners. It should be noted that this specific embodiment is not used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention.

[0039] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape amount and cement dissolution rate provided by this specific embodiment includes a base, a disintegration tank, a support, a mechanical sensing unit, an electrochemical monitoring unit, a high-definition camera, and a server;

[0040] The disintegration tank 3 is made of transparent acrylic plate and is arranged on the base 2. A water injection pipe 9 with a valve is arranged at the top of the disintegration tank 3, and a drain pipe 10 with a valve is arranged at the bottom. The support 1 is correspondingly arranged above the disintegration tank 3. The support 1 is made of stainless steel and has a frame structure in the shape of a door frame. This design not only ensures the stability and durability of the support 1, but also its simple appearance is convenient for installation and operation. The function of the support 1 is to hang the grid plate 4 and the gas collector 5 in the disintegration tank 3 and erect the high-definition camera 18.

[0041] The mechanical sensing unit includes a suspension rope, a hook 8, a gas collector 5, a grid plate 4, a first tension sensor 6, and a second tension sensor 7. One end of the two suspension ropes is respectively suspended at the top of the support 1 through the hook 8. The two hooks 8 are correspondingly arranged above the disintegration tank 3 for hanging the grid plate 4 and the gas collector 5 to ensure their position stability in the disintegration tank 3. The gas collector 4 and the grid plate 5 are respectively suspended in the disintegration tank 3 through the other ends of the two suspension ropes, and the gas collector 5 is located directly above the grid plate 4. The gas collector 4 is a disc-shaped cover made of glass material, the bottom diameter of the disc-shaped cover is larger than the size of the soil sample 12, and a hook is provided on the top surface. The first tension sensor 6 and the second tension sensor 7 are respectively arranged on the two suspension ropes; the first tension sensor 6 is used to monitor the weight change of the soil sample 12 in real time, and the second tension sensor 7 is used to monitor the weight change of the soil sample 12 and the buoyancy signal of the gas collector 5 in real time.

[0042] The gas collector 5 is used to collect the air escaping from the soil sample 12 during the soil disintegration process.

[0043] The grid plate 4 is used to load the soil sample 12 and allow the solution to freely penetrate.

[0044] The working principle of the mechanical sensing unit is as follows:

[0045] Monitoring of the soil sample weight: The first tension sensor 6 is connected to the grid plate 4 through a suspension rope, and the soil sample 12 is placed on the grid plate 4. When the soil sample 12 disintegrates and its weight changes, the first tension sensor 6 can real-time sense this weight change and convert the change signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the server 11, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the weight change of the soil sample 12.

[0046] Monitoring of gas buoyancy: The second tension sensor 7 is connected to the gas collector 5 through a suspension rope, and the gas collector 5 is located directly above the grid plate 4. During the soil disintegration process, the air escaping from the soil sample 12 is collected by the gas collector 5, and the gas collector 5 will be subjected to a buoyancy force due to the collected air. The second tension sensor 7 can real-time monitor the change of this buoyancy signal and convert it into an electrical signal and transmit it to the server 11, and then realize the real-time monitoring of the buoyancy signal of the gas collector 5, indirectly reflecting the change of the air escape amount during the soil disintegration process.

[0047] The electrochemistry monitoring unit includes an anode electrode plate 13a, a galvanometer 15, a switch 16, a DC power supply 17 and a cathode electrode plate 13b that are connected in series through wires in turn to form a closed monitoring circuit, and the positive pole of the DC power supply 17 is connected to the anode electrode plate 13a through a wire, and the negative pole is connected to the cathode electrode plate 13b through a wire. The anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b are rectangular platinum sheets of the same size and are respectively symmetrically attached to both sides of the inner wall of the disintegration tank 3, and the surfaces of the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b are electrochemically polished, and the bottom edge is 5 cm away from the bottom of the disintegration tank to prevent the soil sample 12 from falling and covering the surfaces of the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b. The galvanometer 15 is a high-precision digital galvanometer with a measurement accuracy of 1 μA. The grid plate 4 is square in shape, and the size and grid density of the grid plate 4 are set according to the actual experimental requirements. The switch 16 is used to control the on and off of the closed monitoring circuit in the electrochemistry monitoring unit to facilitate the start and stop of the experiment.

[0048] The working principle of the electrochemistry monitoring unit is as follows:

[0049] When the experiment starts, the closed monitoring loop in the electrochemical monitoring unit is closed through switch 16, and the DC power supply 17 applies a constant voltage to the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b. As the cement in the soil sample 12 dissolves, cations and anions are generated, increasing the conductivity of the solution, and the ammeter 15 can monitor the change in the loop current value in real time. Since there is a linear relationship between the cement dissolution rate and the current change, the server 11 quantifies and calculates the dissolution rate of the cement in the soil sample 12 according to the real-time current value change transmitted by the ammeter 15 through a preset linear relationship formula.

[0050] Two high-definition cameras 18 are respectively installed on both sides of the bracket 1 through adjustable support arms. The high-definition cameras 18 adopt high-definition imaging modules with a resolution of not less than 1080P, and acquire real-time images of the soil sample disintegration process at a frame acquisition frequency of 1 frame / second. Before the experiment, adjust the height of the high-definition camera 18 through the support arm so that the center of the lens is flush with the top surface of the soil sample, and adjust through the server 11 to make the disintegration area completely in the camera view through the real-time preview screen.

[0051] The working principle of the high-definition camera is as follows:

[0052] Before the experiment, adjust the height of the high-definition camera 18 through the support arm so that the center of the lens is flush with the top surface of the soil sample, and adjust through the server 11 to make the disintegration area completely in the camera view through the real-time preview screen. The high-definition camera 18 transmits the collected images to the server 11 in real time, and the server 11 synchronously receives the real-time data of the high-definition camera at a frequency of 1Hz, so as to realize the real-time capture and recording of the soil sample disintegration morphology.

[0053] The server 11 is respectively connected to the first tension sensor 6, the second tension sensor 7, the ammeter 15 and the high-definition camera 18 through data lines.

[0054] Working principle:

[0055] Experiment preparation: When conducting the soil disintegration test, place the soil sample 12 on the grid plate 4, and inject high-purity deionized distilled water through the water injection pipe 9 to submerge the soil sample 12 in water. At this time, the gas collector 5 is located directly above the grid plate 4, ready to collect the air escaping during the disintegration process of the soil sample 12; the electrochemical monitoring unit is in a standby state; the high-definition camera 18 has been adjusted to the correct position and angle, ready to collect images.

[0056] Experiment startup: Turn on switch 16, and the electrochemistry monitoring unit starts to work. The DC power supply 17 applies a constant voltage to the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b, and the ammeter 15 starts to monitor the loop current value in real time. At the same time, the high-definition camera 18 starts to collect images of the soil sample disintegration process at a frequency of 1 frame per second and transmits them to the server 11 in real time. The first tensile sensor 6 and the second tensile sensor 7 in the mechanical sensing unit also start to monitor the weight change of the soil sample 12 and the buoyancy signal of the gas collector 5 in real time.

[0057] Data synchronization and processing: The server 11 synchronously receives the real-time data transmitted by the first tensile sensor 6, the second tensile sensor 7, the ammeter 15, and the high-definition camera 18 at a frequency of 1 Hz. According to the change of the current value of the ammeter 15, the server 11 quantitatively calculates the dissolution rate of the cement in the soil sample 12 through a preset linear relationship formula; at the same time, the server 11 stores and analyzes the soil sample disintegration morphology images collected by the high-definition camera 18, and comprehensively analyzes various physical and chemical changes during the soil disintegration process in combination with the soil sample weight change and gas buoyancy signals monitored by the mechanical sensing unit.

[0058] Experiment end: When the experiment reaches the predetermined time or the soil sample 12 disintegrates to a certain extent, turn off switch 16 to stop the operation of the electrochemistry monitoring unit; at the same time, stop the image acquisition of the high-definition camera 18. Drain the solution in the disintegration tank 3 through the drain pipe 10 to complete the experiment. The server 11 further analyzes and processes the data collected during the entire experiment to obtain the detailed results of the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate of the soil disintegration, providing accurate data support for the study of the soil disintegration mechanism.

[0059] The soil disintegration test method using the above real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate of soil disintegration includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: When conducting the soil disintegration test, place the prepared soil sample 12 on the grid plate 4 so that it is located at the center of the disintegration tank 3, and adjust the gas collector 5 directly above the soil sample 12. Inject deionized water through the water injection pipe 9 until the soil sample 12 is completely immersed; after the soil sample 12 is immersed in water, the air in the pores escapes and accumulates in the gas collector 5. According to Archimedes' law, the volume of the escaped air is equal to the volume of water absorbed by the soil sample.

[0061] Step 2: Start the server 11 to synchronously collect the soil sample weight data of the first tension sensor 6, the buoyancy data of the second tension sensor 7 and convert them into water absorption, the current data of the ammeter 15 and the initial current, and the disintegration form images of the high-definition camera 18. During the test, record the buoyancy change generated by the escaped air entering the gas collector 5. The second tension sensor 7 converts the buoyancy change generated by the rising bubbles into an electrical signal. The first tension sensor 1 monitors the change in the soil sample weight in real time. Combining the water absorption data and using Archimedes' law, calculate the volume of the escaped air, the soil disintegration rate at time t, the air escape rate, and the cement dissolution rate respectively, as follows:

[0062] The first tension sensor 6 records the change data F of the soil sample weight on the grid plate 4 during the soil sample disintegration process in real time 1,t and transmits it to the server 11. The second tension sensor 7 records the air escape amount |F of the soil sample collected by the gas collector 5 during the soil sample disintegration process in real time 2,t | and transmits it to the server. The converted water absorption Mg = |F 2,t |. Combining with Archimedes' law, we know that:

[0063] F 浮 = ρgV a (1)

[0064] F2 = -F 浮 (2)

[0065] In the formula, ρg is the liquid unit weight; V a is the air escaped from the specimen at time t; F 浮 is the buoyancy generated by the air escaped from the specimen on the gas collector at time t; F2 is the change reading of the second tension sensor.

[0066] Substituting formula (1) into formula (2) gives the volume formula (3) of the escaped air:

[0067]

[0068] Adjust the voltage of the DC power supply 17 to be constant, start the ammeter 15, turn on the switch 16, and record the initial value I0 after the current is stable. Continuously record the current-time curve until the test ends. When the current value fluctuates ≤ 1% for 30 consecutive minutes, and the readings F of the first and second tension sensors 1,t 、|F 2,t | are both stable, it is determined that the disintegration is completed, record the peak current I, the second tension sensor |F 2,max |, and finally drain the solution through the drain pipe 10.

[0069] Calculate the soil disintegration rate at time t: At the start of the test, reset the readings of the first and second tension sensors to zero. Take the moments when the readings of the first and second tension sensors start to change as the starting points of disintegration. Assuming that the pores are evenly distributed in the soil sample, the following equilibrium equation can be obtained based on the force relationship:

[0070] F 1,t = F 1,0 (1 - R t ) + |F 2,t | - |F 2,max | × R t

[0071] Then, the formula for calculating the disintegration rate of the soil sample at time t is:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, R t represents the soil disintegration rate at time t; F 1,0 represents the initial reading of the first tension sensor when the soil sample is placed on the grid plate at the start of the soil disintegration test; F 1,t represents the reading of the first tension sensor when the disintegration time of the soil sample is t; |F 2,t | represents the reading of the second tension sensor when the disintegration time of the soil sample is t; |F 2,max | represents the reading of the second tension sensor when the disintegration is complete.

[0074] Calculate the air escape rate at time t:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, R a (t) is the air escape rate; V a (t) is the volume of air escaping from the pores of the soil mass at time t, cm 3 ; V a is the total volume of air inside the soil mass, cm 3 ; R(n) is the maximum disintegration rate of the soil sample when the disintegration is complete, %.

[0077] Calculate the cement dissolution rate at time t:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, R C (t) is the cement dissolution rate, %; I(t) is the reading of the galvanometer at a certain time t, μA; I(0) is the initial reading of the galvanometer after the sample is completely immersed in water, μA; I is the reading of the galvanometer when the disintegration is complete, μA; R(n) is the maximum disintegration rate of the soil sample when the disintegration is complete, %.

[0080] Step 3, after the test, drain the solution through the drain pipe and record the final data.

Claims

1. Real-time monitoring device for air escape amount during soil disintegration and cement dissolution rate, characterized in that, It includes a base, a disintegration tank, a bracket, a mechanical sensing unit, an electrochemical monitoring unit, a high-definition camera and a server; The disintegration tank is arranged on the base. A water injection pipe with a valve is arranged at the top of the disintegration tank, and a drain pipe with a valve is arranged at the bottom. The bracket is arranged above the disintegration tank; The mechanical sensing unit includes suspension ropes, hooks, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor and a second tension sensor. One ends of the two suspension ropes are respectively suspended at the top of the bracket through the hooks. The gas collector and the grid plate are respectively suspended in the disintegration tank through the other ends of the two suspension ropes, and the gas collector is located above the grid plate. The first tension sensor and the second tension sensor are respectively arranged on the two suspension ropes; The electrochemical monitoring unit includes an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a DC power supply and a cathode electrode plate which are connected in series through wires in sequence to form a closed monitoring loop; the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are respectively symmetrically attached to both sides of the inner wall of the disintegration tank; The two high-definition cameras are respectively installed on both sides of the bracket through adjustable support arms, and the server is respectively connected to the first tension sensor, the second tension sensor, the galvanometer and the high-definition camera.

2. The real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount during soil disintegration and the cement dissolution rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are rectangular platinum sheets with the same size, and the surfaces are treated by electrochemical polishing, and the bottom edge is 5 cm away from the bottom of the disintegration tank.

3. The real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate of soil disintegration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collector is a disc-shaped cover body, which is made of glass material, the bottom surface diameter of which is larger than the size of the soil sample, and a hook is arranged on the top surface.

4. The real-time monitoring device for the soil disintegration air escape amount and the cementitious material dissolution rate according to claim 1, characterized in that The galvanometer is a high-precision digital galvanometer with a measurement accuracy of 1 μA.

5. The real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate of soil disintegration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid plate is square in shape, and the size and grid density of the grid plate are set according to actual experimental requirements.

6. A soil disintegration test method based on the real-time monitoring device for the air escape amount and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the soil sample in the grid plate, adjust the gas collector above the soil sample, and inject deionized water through the water injection pipe until the soil sample is completely immersed; Step 2: Start the server to synchronously collect the soil sample weight data of the first tension sensor, the buoyancy data of the second tension sensor and convert them into water absorption, the current data and the initial current of the galvanometer, and the disintegration morphology images of the high-definition camera. During the test, record the buoyancy change caused by the escaped air entering the gas collector. According to Archimedes' law, calculate the volume of the escaped air, the soil disintegration rate at time t, the air escape rate and the cement dissolution rate respectively; Step 3: After the test, drain the solution through the drain pipe and record the final data.

7. The soil disintegration test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the volume of the escaped air in Step 2 is as follows: where ρg is the unit weight of the liquid; V a is the air escaped from the specimen at time t; F2 is the change reading of the second tension sensor.

8. The soil disintegration test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the soil disintegration rate at time t in Step 2 is as follows: Wherein, R t represents the soil disintegration rate at time t; F 1,0 represents the initial reading of the first tensile sensor when the soil sample is placed on the grid plate at the start of the soil disintegration test; F 1,t represents the reading of the first tensile sensor when the disintegration time of the soil sample is t; |F 2,t | represents the reading of the second tensile sensor when the disintegration time of the soil sample is t; |F 2,max | represents the reading of the second tensile sensor when the disintegration is completed.

9. The soil disintegration test method according to claim 6, characterized in that The calculation formula for the air escape rate at time t in Step 2 is as follows: where, R a (t) is the air escape rate; V a (t) is the volume of air escaping from the pore water absorption of the soil mass at time t, cm 3 ; V a is the total volume of air inside the soil mass, cm 3 ; R(n) is the disintegration rate of the soil sample when disintegration is completed, %.

10. The soil disintegration test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the cement dissolution rate at time t in Step 2 is as follows: where, R C (t) is the dissolution rate of the cementing agent, %; I(t) is the ammeter reading at a certain time t, μA; I(0) is the initial ammeter reading after the specimen is completely immersed in water, μA; I is the ammeter reading when disintegration is completed, μA; R(n) is the disintegration rate of the soil sample when disintegration is completed, %.

Images