Numerical control machining process of multi-fork ear beam part and precision hole manufacturing tool thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a numerical control machining process for a multi-fork ear beam part and a precision hole manufacturing tool for the multi-fork ear beam part. The invention discloses a numerical control machining process for a multi-fork ear beam part and a precision hole manufacturing tool thereof. The numerical control machining process comprises the following steps that a multi-fork ear beam part blank is clamped on a positioning clamping fixture; roughly machining the front surface of the multi-fork ear beam part; the multi-fork ear beam part is turned over, clamped and subjected to reverse rough machining; after aging, front finish machining is conducted, and the boss surface of the finish machining process serves as the reverse machining standard; turning over, positioning and clamping, removing other process bosses after machining, and reserving the process bosses at the two ends; and multi-fork ear beam precision hole manufacturing. The method has the following advantages: the problems of low precision and efficiency are solved; the quick positioning of the workpiece can be realized; the modular design is adopted, and the size is small; the device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can assist operators in quickly correcting the relative position of a workpiece and a tool, reduces the workpiece correction time and improves the clamping efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a numerical control machining process for a multi-fork ear beam part and a precision hole manufacturing tool thereof. Background Art

[0002] The manufacturing requirements for precision holes in aircraft structural parts are high. They must not only ensure high dimensional accuracy, but also meet high geometric tolerances. In particular, the rapid and accurate manufacturing of precision holes with multiple forks has always been a manufacturing challenge. Traditionally, a group of precision holes is manufactured using a drilling jig. This method is inefficient and has a high product failure rate.

[0003] The manufacture of multi-fork ear holes in aircraft structural parts urgently requires a tooling for rapid positioning and precise manufacturing. For multi-fork ear beam parts, it is necessary to design a set of special fixtures that meet the structural and processing characteristics of such parts, and design a reasonable processing technology to meet the high-precision and efficient processing of such parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide a numerical control machining process for a multi-pronged ear beam part to solve the problems of low precision and low efficiency in the machining process of the multi-pronged ear beam part.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a CNC machining process of a multi-fork ear beam part, comprising the following steps: (1) Clamp the multi-fork ear beam part blank on the positioning clamping fixture; (2) Rough machining of the front side of multi-fork ear beam parts; (3) Turn over and clamp the multi-fork ear beam parts for rough machining on the reverse side; (4) After aging, clamp the multi-fork ear beam part according to step (1) for front finish machining, and use the surface of the finish machining boss as the back machining reference; (5) Turn over and position and clamp. After processing, remove the remaining process bosses and leave the process bosses at both ends; (6) Manufacturing of precision holes for multi-fork ear beams.

[0006] Preferably, in step (2) and step (3), an indexable fast-feed milling cutter is used for rough machining; a spiral or oblique cutting method is used.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a precision hole manufacturing tool for a multi-pronged ear beam part to solve the problem of rapid positioning and clamping of the precision holes of the multi-pronged ears.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a precision hole manufacturing tool for a multi-fork ear beam part, including a base, a workpiece positioning device, and an ear piece positioning processing device; the base is fixed on a machine tool; the workpiece is placed on a reference plane of the base; one end of the workpiece positioning device is connected to the base, and the other end is pressed against the workpiece, thereby pressing the workpiece against the base; the ear piece positioning processing device corresponds to the position of the part fork ear, and is used to position and process the precision hole at the fork ear of the part.

[0009] Preferably, the workpiece positioning device includes a positioning device A; there are two positioning devices A, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the base, and include a support rod, a pressure plate and a fastener. One end of the support rod is installed on the base, one end of the pressure plate is installed on the support rod, and the other end is a free end. The pressure plate presses the workpiece onto the base through the fastener.

[0010] Preferably, a waist-shaped groove is opened along the length direction of the pressing plate, and the fastener is installed in the waist-shaped groove, and the position can be adjusted along the length direction of the waist-shaped groove.

[0011] Preferably, the workpiece positioning device also includes a positioning device B, which is located between the two positioning devices A, and includes a support rod, a pressure plate and a fastener. One end of the support rod is installed on the base, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure plate; the pressure plate is cross-shaped, and its end away from the support rod is located on the other side of the workpiece and is installed on the base through fasteners. The other two ends are located above the workpiece, and the pressure plate presses the workpiece onto the base through the fasteners.

[0012] Preferably, the ear piece positioning processing device includes a positioning processing device I, and the positioning processing device I includes a guide block, a guide sleeve and a quick-change drill sleeve; the guide block and the guide sleeve are used for the initial positioning and processing of the precision hole at the ear piece of the part; the guide block is installed on the base; there are two guide sleeves, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the guide block, with a space between the two guide blocks, and the part ear piece is located between the two guide blocks; the quick-change drill sleeve is installed in the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and through its secondary guidance, the precision hole on the part ear piece is expanded and reamed; the central axes of the guide sleeve, the part ear piece and the inner hole of the quick-change drill sleeve are located on the same horizontal line.

[0013] Preferably, the ear piece positioning processing device also includes a positioning processing device II, which includes a support block, a guide block, a guide sleeve and a quick-change drill sleeve; there are two support blocks, which are respectively installed on the base and located on both sides of the workpiece, and the guide block is installed between the two support blocks, on which a guide sleeve is provided, and the inner hole of the guide sleeve is positioned opposite to the inner hole of the part fork ear; the quick-change drill sleeve is installed in the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and through its secondary guidance, the precision hole on the part fork ear is expanded and reamed; the central axes of the guide sleeve, the part fork ear and the inner hole of the quick-change drill sleeve are located on the same horizontal line.

[0014] Preferably, a precision positioning hole is provided on the support block, and the precision positioning hole is parallel to the central axis of the guide sleeve in the positioning processing device I; one end of the guide block is connected and fixed to the support block through a positioning pin, and the positioning pin is adapted to the precision positioning hole.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This process solves the problems of low precision and efficiency in the processing of multi-fork ear beam parts; 2. The tooling can realize rapid positioning of the workpiece, and the double-guide design can ensure precise positioning, verticality, parallelism and precise dimensions; 3. The tooling adopts modular design, small size, and it is relatively easy to copy and adjust the tooling; 4. The tooling is easy to operate and can assist the operator to quickly correct the relative position of the workpiece and the tooling, reduce the time for correcting the workpiece, and improve the clamping efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of positioning and clamping of multi-pronged ear beam parts in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 1 is a diagram showing the clamping state of the embodiment of the present invention and the multi-pronged ear beam part; Figure 1 Among them, 1-clamping fixture; 2-positioning hole; 3-positioning hole; 4-process boss; 5-multi-fork ear beam; Figure 2-3 Among them, 6-locating pin; 7-locating hole; 8-workpiece; 9-base; 10-guide sleeve; 11-quick-change drill sleeve; 12-locating pin; 13-guide block; 14-support block; 15-quick-change drill sleeve; 16-guide block; 17-guide sleeve; 18-locating pin; 19-part fork ear; 20-pressure plate; 21, guide block; 22-bolt; 23-nut; 24-pressure plate; 25-tightening nut; 26-pressure plate; 27-support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] It should be noted that the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", etc. are described according to the drawings or the usual usage status, and do not constitute limitations to the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand it in accordance with the technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] A CNC machining process for multi-fork ear beam parts, using five-axis high-speed milling to perform front rough machining, back rough machining, back finish machining, front finish machining, bench work to remove process bosses. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include: Step 1, the process boss 4 is fitted on the surface of the clamping fixture 1, and the two ends are positioned through the two positioning holes 2 and 3 in a two-hole-one-face positioning manner to clamp the multi-fork ear beam 5 part blank on the positioning clamping fixture 1; Step 2: Rough machining of the front side of the multi-fork ear beam part: Use an indexable fast-feed milling cutter for rough machining. After rough machining, reserve a process allowance for the part to avoid milling the part at the center of the tool. The machining process uses a spiral or oblique cutting method. Step 3, turn over the part and clamp the reverse side for rough machining: use an indexable fast-feed milling cutter for rough machining. After rough machining, reserve a process allowance for the part to avoid milling the part at the center of the tool. The machining process uses a spiral or oblique cutting method. Step 4: After aging, clamp the multi-fork ear beam part for front finishing according to step 1. The solid carbide milling cutter is used for material removal during front finishing, and the surface of the finishing process boss is used as the reverse processing reference; Step 5, turn over and position and clamp, use a solid carbide milling cutter to remove material during front finishing, remove the remaining process bosses after processing, and leave process bosses at both ends; Step 6: Manufacturing of precision holes for multi-fork ear beams. The designed manufacturing tooling can realize double guidance in the manufacturing process of precision holes for multi-fork ear beams to ensure the position, verticality and parallelism of the precision holes.

[0019] A precision hole manufacturing tool for a multi-fork ear beam part, comprising a base 9, a workpiece positioning device, and an ear piece positioning processing device; the base 9 is fixed on a machine tool; the workpiece 8 is placed on a reference surface of the base 9; one end of the workpiece positioning device is connected to the base 9, and the other end is pressed against the workpiece 8, thereby pressing the workpiece 8 against the base 9; the ear piece positioning processing device corresponds to the position of the fork ear of the part, and is used to position and process the precision hole at the fork ear of the part.

[0020] The specific structure is as follows: Figure 2-3 As shown, The workpiece positioning device includes a positioning device A and a positioning device B; there are two positioning devices A, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the base 9, and include a support rod 27, a pressure plate 26, a pressure plate 20, a clamping bolt, and a clamping nut 25. One end of the support rod 27 is installed on the base 9, one end of the pressure plates 26 and 20 is installed on the support rod 27, and the other end is a free end. The pressure plate presses the workpiece 8 on the base 9 through the clamping bolt and the clamping nut 25; the positioning device B is located between the two positioning devices A, and includes a support rod, a pressure plate 24, a clamping bolt 22 and a clamping nut 23. One end of the support rod is installed on the base 9, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure plate 24; the pressure plate 24 is cross-shaped, and its end away from the support rod is located on the other side of the workpiece 8, and is installed on the base 9 through the clamping bolt 22 and the clamping nut 23. The other two ends are located above the workpiece 8, and the pressure plate 24 presses the workpiece 8 on the base 9 through the clamping bolt and the clamping nut.

[0021] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, a waist-shaped groove is opened along the length direction of the pressure plates 26 and 20, and the clamping bolts and the clamping nuts 25 are installed in the waist-shaped groove, and the position can be adjusted along the length direction of the waist-shaped groove.

[0022] The ear piece positioning processing device includes a positioning processing device I and a positioning processing device II. The positioning processing device I includes a guide block 16, a guide sleeve 17 and a quick-change drill sleeve 15; the guide block 16 and the guide sleeve 17 are used for initial positioning and processing of the precision hole at the ear piece of the part; the guide block 16 is installed on the base 9; there are two guide sleeves 17, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the guide block 16, and there is a space between the two guide blocks, and the part ear piece is located between the two guide blocks 16; the quick-change drill sleeve 15 is installed in the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and the precision hole on the ear piece of the part is expanded and drilled through its secondary guidance; the central axes of the inner holes of the guide sleeve 17, the ear piece of the part, and the quick-change drill sleeve 15 are located on the same horizontal line; Positioning processing device II consists of two groups, including a support block 14, a guide block 13, a guide block 21, a guide sleeve 10 and a quick-change drill sleeve 11; there are two support blocks 14, which are respectively installed on the base 9 and located on both sides of the workpiece 8, and the guide block 13 is installed between the two support blocks 14, on which a guide sleeve 10 is arranged, and the inner hole of the guide sleeve is opposite to the inner hole of the part fork ear 19; the quick-change drill sleeve 11 is installed in the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and through its secondary guidance, the precision hole on the part fork ear 19 is expanded and reamed; the central axes of the inner holes of the guide sleeve 10, the part fork ear and the quick-change drill sleeve 11 are located on the same horizontal line.

[0023] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, two groups of precision positioning holes are set on the support block 14, and the precision positioning holes are parallel to the central axis of the guide sleeve 17 in the positioning processing device I; one end of the guide block 13 is connected and fixed to the support block 14 through a positioning pin 12, and the positioning pin 12 is adapted to the precision positioning hole.

[0024] The clamping and use methods of the manufacturing tool are as follows: a. Fix the base 9 on the machine tool with a pressure plate, and calibrate the positioning pin 6 and the positioning hole 7 to ensure straightness; b. Place the workpiece 8 on the reference surface of the base 9, make the process boss flush with the reference surface of the base, and connect them through the positioning pin 6 to ensure the correct matching position; c. The pressing plates 26, 20 and 24 are fixed on the base 9 by the support rod 27, and the clamping force between the workpiece 8 and the base 9 is adjusted by the clamping nut 25, the clamping bolt 22 and the clamping nut 23; d. The drill bit is passed through the guide block 16 and the guide sleeve 17 to initially locate the precision hole at the ear of the part; after secondary guidance through the quick-change drill sleeve 15, the precision hole on the ear is expanded and reamed to ensure the position and verticality of the drill reamer and the hole, and a qualified precision hole is obtained here; e. Insert the positioning pin 18 into the precision hole of the finished ear piece, adjust the position of the guide blocks 13 and 21 through the support block 14 and the positioning pin 12, and process the precision hole of the fork ear 19 of the part through the guide sleeve 10. The positioning reference of the positioning pin 18 of the finished ear piece ensures the parallelism of the multiple fork ears; f. After secondary guidance by the quick-change drill sleeve 11, the precision hole on the fork ear 19 of the part is expanded and reamed, ensuring the position and verticality of the drill reamer and the hole to obtain a qualified precision hole; g. The guide sleeve 10 increases the strength and wear resistance of the positioning hole and ensures the precision of the positioning hole; h. The quick-change drill sleeve 11 increases the strength and wear resistance during drilling, expanding and reaming, ensuring the manufacturing accuracy of precision holes.

[0025] The working principle of the manufacturing tooling is as follows: first, the first set of fork ear precision holes are processed by the tooling to ensure their coaxiality and aperture accuracy. Then, the tooling is adjusted based on the first set of precision fork ears that have been processed, and the second set of precision fork ears are processed. The design idea of ​​the tooling for the first set of fork ear precision holes is as follows: a guide block 16 and a guide sleeve 17 are designed on the tooling base 9, and precision quick-change bushings 15 of different sizes are replaced in the guide sleeve for guidance. The precision holes are expanded and reamed to ensure the position and verticality of the drill reamer and the hole, and the first set of qualified fork ear precision holes is obtained; The design idea of ​​the second set of fork ear precision hole tooling is: insert the positioning pin 18 into the precision holes of the first set of ear pieces that have been processed. Press the guide blocks 13 and 21 into the support block 14. Two sets of precision positioning holes are designed on the support block 14. The two sets of precision positioning holes are parallel to the guide sleeves 17 on the first set of fork ear precision holes to ensure the parallelism and relative position accuracy of the two sets of fork ear precision holes. By adjusting the guide blocks 13, 21 and the support block 14, the processing accuracy can only be guaranteed by inserting the two sets of positioning pins 12 into the two sets of precision positioning holes. Replace the precision quick-change bushings 11 of different sizes in the guide sleeve 10 for guidance, expand and drill the precision holes, ensure the position and verticality of the drill reamer and the hole, and obtain qualified precision holes.

Claims

1. A CNC machining process for a multi-fork ear beam part, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Clamp the multi-fork ear beam part blank on the positioning clamping fixture; (2) Rough machining of the front side of multi-fork ear beam parts; (3) Turn over and clamp the multi-fork ear beam parts for rough machining on the reverse side; (4) After aging, clamp the multi-fork ear beam part according to step (1) for front finish machining, and use the surface of the finish machining boss as the back machining reference; (5) Turn over and position and clamp. After processing, remove the remaining process bosses and leave the process bosses at both ends; (6) Manufacturing of precision holes for multi-fork ear beams.

2. The CNC machining process of the multi-fork ear beam part according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2) and step (3), an indexable fast-feed milling cutter is used for rough machining; a spiral or oblique cutting method is used.

3. A precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-fork ear beam parts, characterized in that: It includes a base, a workpiece positioning device, and an ear positioning processing device; the base is fixed on the machine tool; the workpiece is placed on the base reference surface; one end of the workpiece positioning device is connected to the base, and the other end is pressed on the workpiece, thereby pressing the workpiece on the base; the ear positioning processing device corresponds to the position of the part fork ear, and is used to position and process the precision hole at the fork ear of the part.

4. The precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-pronged ear beam parts according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The workpiece positioning device includes a positioning device A; there are two positioning devices A, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the base, and include a support rod, a pressure plate and a fastener. One end of the support rod is installed on the base, one end of the pressure plate is installed on the support rod, and the other end is a free end. The pressure plate presses the workpiece onto the base through the fastener.

5. The precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-pronged ear beam parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A waist-shaped groove is opened along the length direction of the pressing plate, and the fastener is installed in the waist-shaped groove, and the position can be adjusted along the length direction of the waist-shaped groove.

6. The precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-pronged ear beam parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The workpiece positioning device also includes a positioning device B, which is located between the two positioning devices A, and includes a support rod, a pressure plate and a fastener. One end of the support rod is installed on the base, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure plate; the pressure plate is cross-shaped, and its end away from the support rod is located on the other side of the workpiece and is installed on the base through fasteners. The other two ends are located above the workpiece, and the pressure plate presses the workpiece onto the base through the fasteners.

7. The precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-pronged ear beam parts according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ear positioning processing device includes a positioning processing device I, and the positioning processing device I includes a guide block, a guide sleeve and a quick-change drill sleeve; the guide block and the guide sleeve are used for initial positioning and processing of the precision hole at the ear of the part; the guide block is installed on the base; there are two guide sleeves, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the guide block, and the space between the two guide blocks is empty, and the part ear is located between the two guide blocks; the quick-change drill sleeve is installed in the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and the precision hole on the part ear is expanded and reamed through its secondary guidance; the central axes of the guide sleeve, the part ear and the inner hole of the quick-change drill sleeve are located on the same horizontal line.

8. The precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-pronged ear beam parts according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that: The ear piece positioning processing device includes a positioning processing device II, and the positioning processing device II includes a support block, a guide block, a guide sleeve and a quick-change drill sleeve; there are two support blocks, which are respectively installed on the base and located on both sides of the workpiece, and the guide block is installed between the two support blocks, and a guide sleeve is arranged thereon, and the inner hole of the guide sleeve is opposite to the inner hole of the part fork ear; the quick-change drill sleeve is installed in the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and through its secondary guidance, the precision hole on the part fork ear is expanded and reamed; the central axes of the guide sleeve, the part fork ear and the inner hole of the quick-change drill sleeve are located on the same horizontal line.

9. The precision hole manufacturing tool for multi-pronged ear beam parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: A precision positioning hole is provided on the support block, and the precision positioning hole is parallel to the central axis of the guide sleeve in the positioning processing device I; one end of the guide block is connected and fixed to the support block through a positioning pin, and the positioning pin is adapted to the precision positioning hole.

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