Method for improving saline-alkali soil by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus bacterial fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving saline-alkali soil by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus bacterial fertilizer, and relates to the technical field of biology. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus bacterial fertilizer comprises a microorganism combination for improving saline-alkali soil, the microbial composition comprises Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (Scopulariopsis brevicaulis), Absidia corymbifera (Absidia corymbifera) and Eurotium chevalieri (Eurotium chevalieri), and is characterized in that the microbial composition comprises Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Absidia corymbifera and Eurotium chevalieri (Eurotium chevalieri). The method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention is a green, environment-friendly and efficient soil improvement technology, can effectively improve the physicochemical properties of the saline-alkali soil and improve the soil quality and crop yield, and has wide market prospects and important social significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to a method for improving saline-alkali land by utilizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to land with excessive soluble salt in the soil, which restricts the growth of crops. Saline-alkali land not only affects crop yields, but also poses a serious threat to the ecological environment. Therefore, the development of effective saline-alkali land improvement technology has become an urgent need for sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] At present, common methods for improving saline-alkali land include physical, chemical and biological measures:

[0004] Physical measures: such as drainage and salt removal, deep tillage and soil improvement, although they can improve soil structure in the short term, are costly and have short-term effects.

[0005] Chemical measures: Although the application of chemical amendments such as gypsum and ferrous sulfate can quickly reduce soil salinity, long-term use may have a negative impact on the environment and increase agricultural production costs.

[0006] Biological measures: such as planting salt-tolerant plants and inoculating rhizobia, although environmentally friendly and sustainable, the improvement speed is slow and it is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale agricultural production.

[0007] Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a class of soil microorganisms that form symbiotic relationships with most terrestrial plants. They can significantly enhance plant resistance to salt stress, mainly through the following mechanisms:

[0008] Promote plant absorption of water and nutrients: The AMF mycelium network expands the absorption range of plant roots and improves the absorption efficiency of water and nutrients (such as phosphorus and nitrogen).

[0009] Reducing salt stress damage: AMF can reduce the damage of salt to plant cells by regulating physiological processes such as osmotic pressure and antioxidant system in plants.

[0010] Improve soil structure: Substances such as extracellular polysaccharides secreted by AMF can enhance the stability of soil aggregates and improve soil aeration and water retention.

[0011] In view of the shortcomings of the existing saline-alkali land improvement technology, the present invention intends to develop a method for improving saline-alkali land by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving saline-alkali land by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer provided by the present invention can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil, increase soil quality and crop yield.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0014] The invention provides a microorganism combination for improving saline-alkali land, comprising Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Absidia corymbifera and Eurotium chevalieri.

[0015] The present invention also provides application of the above-mentioned microorganism combination in preparing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer.

[0016] The invention also provides an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer, comprising the above-mentioned microorganism combination.

[0017] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the mycelium of the Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, the Absidia corymbifera and the Eurotium shewanella is 1:2:2.

[0018] Furthermore, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer also includes a fertilizer carrier.

[0019] Furthermore, the fertilizer carrier is corn stalk powder.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The powder of Scopulariopsis breviscapus, the powder of Plowshare corytatum and the powder of Eurotium shevarium were uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a mixed fungus powder;

[0022] The corn stalks are crushed and sieved to obtain corn stalk powder;

[0023] The mixed bacterial powder and the corn stalk powder are evenly mixed to obtain the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer.

[0024] The present invention also provides application of the above-mentioned microbial combination or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer in improving saline-alkali land.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for improving saline-alkali land, comprising the step of applying the above-mentioned arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer to the saline-alkali land.

[0026] Furthermore, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0027] The red clover seeds are evenly mixed with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus fertilizer and then sown in saline-alkali land. During the harvest period, the above-ground part of the red clover is harvested, and the underground part is retained and ploughed.

[0028] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0029] The invention develops an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus fertilizer that can improve saline-alkali land. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus fertilizer can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil, and increase soil quality and crop yield.

[0030] The method for improving saline-alkali land by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi fertilizer provided by the present invention is a green, environmentally friendly and efficient soil improvement technology, and has the following technical advantages:

[0031] The activities of the host plant's roots and specific types of AMF help to enhance the stability of soil aggregates, improve aeration and water retention, enhance plant resistance to salt stress, promote healthy plant growth, and ultimately improve the yield and quality of crops by optimizing the soil environment and plant nutrient supply. As a natural microbial resource, arbuscular mycorrhizae do not pollute the environment and meet the development requirements of green agriculture. Compared with traditional physical and chemical improvement methods, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizers have lower cost inputs and higher long-term benefits, and are suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0032] In summary, the present invention provides an innovative, environmentally friendly and efficient method for improving saline-alkali land, which has broad market prospects and important social significance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0035] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0036] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to the skilled artisan. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0037] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0038] In order to improve saline-alkali soil, the present invention has developed an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus fertilizer, which has significant technical effects in improving saline-alkali soil, which is specifically embodied in the following aspects:

[0039] 1. Adjust soil pH

[0040] AMF can adjust soil pH in several ways:

[0041] Acidic metabolites: AMF secretes organic acids during its growth process. These acidic metabolites can neutralize alkaline substances in the soil and lower the soil pH.

[0042] Promote plant absorption: The AMF mycelium network expands the absorption range of plant roots, improves the plant's absorption efficiency of cations such as calcium and magnesium, reduces the accumulation of these ions in the soil, and indirectly reduces the soil pH.

[0043] 2. Reduce soil electrical conductivity (EC)

[0044] High conductivity usually indicates that the soil contains high levels of soluble salts. AMF can reduce soil conductivity by:

[0045] Enhance plant salt tolerance: After AMF forms a symbiotic relationship with plants, it can enhance the resistance of plants to salt stress. AMF reduces the damage of salt to plant cells by regulating the osmotic pressure and antioxidant system in the plant body, allowing plants to grow normally in a high salt environment.

[0046] Promote nutrient absorption: AMF hyphae can effectively absorb nutrients in the soil, especially elements such as phosphorus and potassium, reducing the presence of these nutrients in the form of ions in the soil solution, thereby reducing soil conductivity.

[0047] Improve soil structure: Substances such as extracellular polysaccharides secreted by AMF can enhance the stability of soil aggregates, improve soil aeration and water retention, reduce salt accumulation, and further reduce conductivity.

[0048] 3. Increase soil organic matter content

[0049] AMF will produce a large amount of biomass during its growth and reproduction, and its dead residues will be decomposed into organic matter, increasing the organic carbon content in the soil. In addition, AMF can also promote plant roots to secrete more rhizosphere sediments (such as sugars, amino acids, etc.), which can also be converted into soil organic matter, improving soil fertility and buffering capacity.

[0050] 4. Improve soil microbial community structure

[0051] The presence of AMF changes the composition and function of soil microbial communities, promotes the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms and inhibits the growth of harmful microorganisms. This not only helps maintain a healthy soil ecosystem, but also further improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil through the metabolic activities of microorganisms.

[0052] 5. Enhance soil water retention and air permeability

[0053] The extracellular polysaccharides and other sticky substances secreted by AMF can bind soil particles together to form stable aggregates. This structure not only enhances the water retention capacity of the soil, but also improves the aeration of the soil, which is beneficial to the respiration and growth of plant roots.

[0054] The strains and culture media used in the following examples are as follows:

[0055] Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was purchased from China Industrial Culture Collection Center (CICC) with the strain number CICC 40382; Absidia corymbifera was purchased from China Industrial Culture Collection Center with the strain number CICC 3151; Eurotium chevalieri was purchased from China Agricultural Culture Collection Center (ACCC) with the strain number ACCC 31813.

[0056] Glomus mosseae was a gift from Professor Zhang Qianbing and has been published in the literature “Enhancing alfalfaphotosynthetic performance through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiinoculation across varied phosphorus application levels”.

[0057] The components of PDA liquid medium are as follows: 200 g / L potato and 20 g / L glucose, with a natural pH.

[0058] The components of PDA solid culture medium are as follows: 200 g / L potato, 20 g / L glucose and 15 g / L agar powder, with a natural pH.

[0059] Culture medium:

[0060] The components of CYA liquid culture medium are as follows: yeast powder 5.0 g / L, sucrose 30.0 g / L, NaNO3 3.0 g / L, K2HPO4 1.0 g / L, KCl 0.5 g / L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g / L and FeSO4·7H2O 0.01 g / L.

[0061] The components of CYA solid medium are as follows: yeast powder 5.0 g / L, sucrose 30.0 g / L, NaNO3 3.0 g / L, K2HPO4 1.0 g / L, KCl 0.5 g / L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g / L, FeSO4·7H2O 0.01 g / L and agar 15.0 g / L.

[0062] The components of the mold fermentation medium are as follows, by weight percentage: 3% molasses, 1% peptone, 1.5% soybean meal, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% magnesium sulfate and the balance water, pH 6.5.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] 1. The preparation method of the short-handled Scopulariopsis powder is as follows:

[0065] (1) Pick a block of Scolopendra subtilis and inoculate it into a PDA liquid culture medium, and culture it with shaking at 28°C and 180 rpm for 72 h to obtain a culture solution;

[0066] (2) diluting the culture solution obtained in step (1) and applying it onto a PDA solid culture medium, and culturing in a 28° C. incubator for 5 days;

[0067] (3) Pick a single colony from the plate in step (2) and inoculate it into a flask filled with PDA liquid culture medium, and culture it at 28° C. and 200 rpm for 48 h to obtain a seed solution;

[0068] (4) The seed liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred to a mold fermentation medium, and the culture is continued for 48 hours at 28° C., 210 r / min, and a tank pressure of 0.05 MPa to obtain a fermentation liquid of Scolopendra subtilis, which is then centrifuged to obtain bacterial cells, which are then freeze-dried to obtain Scolopendra subtilis powder.

[0069] 2. The preparation method of the fungus powder of Plowshare umbellata is as follows:

[0070] (1) picking up a block of A. corymborum fungus and inoculating it into a PDA liquid culture medium, shaking and culturing at 28°C and 180 rpm for 72 h to obtain a culture solution;

[0071] (2) diluting the culture solution obtained in step (1) and applying it onto a PDA solid culture medium, and culturing in a 28° C. incubator for 5 days;

[0072] (3) Pick a single colony from the plate in step (2) and inoculate it into a flask filled with PDA liquid culture medium, and culture it at 28° C. and 200 rpm for 48 h to obtain a seed solution;

[0073] (4) The seed liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred to a mold fermentation medium, and the culture is continued for 48 hours at 28° C., 210 r / min, and a tank pressure of 0.05 MPa to obtain a fermentation liquid of Absidia umbellata, and the fungus is obtained by centrifugation, and the fungus body is obtained by freeze-drying to obtain Absidia umbellata powder.

[0074] 3. The preparation method of Eurotium shevarium powder is as follows:

[0075] (1) Select a colony of Eurotium shevarium and inoculate it into CYA liquid culture medium, and culture it with shaking at 28°C and 180 rpm for 72 h to obtain a culture medium;

[0076] (2) diluting the culture solution obtained in step (1) and applying it to CYA solid culture medium, and culturing in a 28° C. incubator for 5 days;

[0077] (3) Pick a single colony from the plate in step (2) and inoculate it into a Erlenmeyer flask containing CYA liquid culture medium, and culture it at 28° C. and 200 rpm for 48 h to obtain a seed solution;

[0078] (4) The seed liquid obtained in step (3) is transferred to a mold fermentation medium, and the culture is continued for 48 hours at 28° C., 210 r / min, and a tank pressure of 0.05 MPa to obtain a fermentation liquid of Eurotium shevarium, which is centrifuged to obtain bacterial cells, and freeze-dried to obtain Eurotium shevarium powder.

[0079] 4. Preparation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer:

[0080] (1) mixing powder of Scopulariopsis breviscapus, powder of Psoralea corylifolia and powder of Eurotium shevarium in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a mixed fungus powder;

[0081] (2) The corn stalks were crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain corn stalk powder. The mixed bacterial powder and corn stalk powder were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] Same as Example 1, except that Eurotium shevarium is replaced by Glomus mosseae.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] The same as Example 2, except that the powder of Scopulariopsis breviscapus is removed when preparing the mixed fungus powder.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] The same as Example 2, except that the powder of P. parasiticus fungus is removed when preparing the mixed fungus powder.

[0088] Comparative Example 4

[0089] The same as Example 2, except that the powder of Eurotium shevarium was removed when preparing the mixed fungus powder.

[0090] Effect verification example

[0091] 1. Test materials

[0092] The experimental field is located at the saline-alkali land experimental base of Shihezi University. The soil texture is saline-alkali land with a salt content of 0.45% and an alkalinity of 17.5%.

[0093] 2. Test methods

[0094] A method for improving saline-alkali land using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi fertilizer:

[0095] (1) Red clover seeds and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer (any one of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4) were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 10:1, and then sown in a saline-alkali land test field by broadcasting, with a sowing rate of 800 g / mu of red clover seeds. The control group was not mixed with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer.

[0096] (2) Planting management was carried out according to local conventional methods. The above-ground part of red clover was harvested during the harvest period, and the underground part was retained and plowed to a depth of 15 cm.

[0097] (3) After tilling, corn was sown using the hole-seeding method, and then planting and management were carried out according to local conventional methods.

[0098] 3. Index detection

[0099] After tillage, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in each test group were tested. After corn was planted, the survival rate of corn seeds was calculated at the seedling stage, and the corn yield per mu was calculated at the corn maturity stage.

[0100] 4. Test results

[0101] After tillage, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in each test group were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1. After corn was planted, the corn seed survival rate was counted at the seedling stage, and the corn yield per mu was counted at the corn maturity stage, and the results are shown in Table 2. The results show that after using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer prepared by the present invention, the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as pH value and electrical conductivity were significantly improved, and the soil quality and crop yield were significantly improved. Among them, the soil pH value dropped from 11.07 to 9.13, the electrical conductivity dropped from 4.72ms / cm to 1.97ms / cm, and the seedling survival rate and corn yield were significantly improved.

[0102] Table 1 Physical and chemical properties test results of each test group

[0103] Group pH Electrical conductivity (ms / cm) Comparison 11.07±0.15 4.72±0.09 Example 1 <![CDATA[9.13±0.21 *** ]]> <![CDATA[1.97±0.06 *** ]]> Comparative Example 1 <![CDATA[10.5±0.20 **## ]]> <![CDATA[3.10±0.38 *# ]]> Comparative Example 2 <![CDATA[9.93±0.25 **# ]]> <![CDATA[2.58±0.14 **# ]]> Comparative Example 3 <![CDATA[10.27±0.15 **## ]]> <![CDATA[3.09±0.15 **## ]]> Comparative Example 4 <![CDATA[9.97±0.12 ***## ]]> <![CDATA[2.87±0.15 **## ]]>

[0104] Note: Compared with the control, * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001; relative to Example 1, # P<0.05, ## P<0.01.

[0105] Table 2 Seedling rate and yield of each test group

[0106] Group Seedling rate (%) Yield (kg / mu) Comparison 72.5 282 Example 1 95.8 520 Comparative Example 1 82.6 367 Comparative Example 2 78.5 319 Comparative Example 3 81.0 353 Comparative Example 4 76.1 308

[0107] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbial combination for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: These include Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Absidia corymbifera and Eurotium chevalieri.

2. Use of the microbial combination as claimed in claim 1 in preparing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer.

3. An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the microbial combination as claimed in claim 1.

4. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the mycelium of the Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, the Absidia corymbifera and the Eurotium shewanella is 1:2:

2.

5. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus fertilizer also includes a fertilizer carrier.

6. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fertilizer carrier is corn stalk powder.

7. A method for preparing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The powder of Scopulariopsis breviscapus, the powder of Plowshare corytatum and the powder of Eurotium shevarium were uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a mixed fungus powder; The corn stalks are crushed and sieved to obtain corn stalk powder; The mixed bacterial powder and the corn stalk powder are evenly mixed to obtain the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer.

8. Use of the microbial combination according to claim 1 or the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer according to any one of claims 3 to 6 in improving saline-alkali land.

9. A method for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The method comprises the step of applying the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fertilizer according to any one of claims 3 to 6 to the saline-alkali land.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method specifically comprises the following steps: The red clover seeds are evenly mixed with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus fertilizer and then sown in saline-alkali land. During the harvest period, the above-ground part of the red clover is harvested, and the underground part is retained and ploughed.