Self-resetting rotary friction type damper and self-resetting energy consumption method

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-resetting rotary friction type damper and a self-resetting energy consumption method, and belongs to the field of civil engineering structure damping. Axial displacement is converted into rotating motion of the rotor column through the ball screw mechanism, and friction energy consumption is achieved through a rotating friction pair of the rotor column and the fixed friction plate. And meanwhile, the annularly arranged SMA tows are subjected to tensile deformation when the screw rod displaces, secondary energy consumption is achieved through the hyperelastic hysteretic effect, and the screw rod is driven to reset after unloading. By combining a rotary friction and SMA superelasticity dual energy dissipation mechanism, the energy absorption efficiency and the anti-seismic property are remarkably improved; the self-resetting function is achieved through the hyperelastic effect of the SMA material, and residual deformation is eliminated; the modular design supports flexible adjustment of friction coefficients, strokes and reset force, and is suitable for manufacturing of large, medium and small dampers; and the ball screw and a standardized shell structure are convenient for batch production, and the maintenance cost is reduced. An efficient, reliable and intelligent damping solution is provided for engineering structures such as bridges and buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering structure shock absorption, and relates to a self-resetting rotary friction damper and a self-resetting energy dissipation method. Background Art

[0002] As a key vibration reduction device, dampers are widely used in fields such as buildings, bridges, and mechanical equipment. Their core function is to absorb and dissipate vibration energy, thereby improving the seismic performance and stability of the structure. Traditional friction dampers have long been favored due to their simple structure and low cost, but with the increasing complexity of engineering needs, their technical limitations have gradually emerged. First of all, traditional friction dampers mostly use linear friction, and their stroke is limited by physical dimensions, resulting in friction energy dissipation capacity that is difficult to meet the actual needs of large deformation or high energy input conditions. In addition, the nonlinear relationship between friction and speed complicates tribological analysis, further limiting design optimization and practical application.

[0003] A more significant problem is that traditional friction dampers lack self-reset capability and usually rely on additional spring devices to achieve the reset function. This type of design not only increases structural complexity and redundancy, but may also lead to insufficient reset accuracy and reduced reliability. For example, under extreme conditions such as earthquakes, the residual deformation of the post-earthquake structure can easily make the damper unable to return to its initial position, directly affecting the subsequent vibration reduction performance. At the same time, existing friction dampers generally rely on a single friction energy dissipation mechanism, which is difficult to adapt to the energy absorption requirements in high-frequency vibration or large-amplitude scenarios, resulting in limited energy consumption efficiency and comprehensive performance.

[0004] In recent years, the development of ball screw technology and shape memory alloy (SMA) materials has provided new ideas for damper design. Ball screws can efficiently convert linear motion into rotational motion, and have high transmission efficiency and precision control characteristics; while SMA materials, with their superelastic hysteresis effect and shape memory properties, have shown unique potential in the field of self-reset and energy dissipation. However, the existing technology has not effectively combined the rotational friction advantages of ball screws with the composite energy dissipation mechanism of SMA materials, resulting in significant defects in traditional dampers in terms of stroke extension, self-reset function and multi-mode energy dissipation coordination. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-resetting rotary friction damper and a self-resetting energy dissipation method, which, through structural optimization and multi-technology integration, breaks through the bottlenecks of existing dampers in engineering adaptability, resetting accuracy and comprehensive performance, so as to meet the dual needs of modern civil engineering for efficient vibration reduction and intelligent self-resetting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-resetting rotary friction damper comprises: a ball screw for transmitting the axial displacement of a controlled structure; a ball screw nut cooperating with the ball screw to convert the axial movement of the ball screw into rotary movement; a rotor column fixedly connected to the ball screw nut and rotating synchronously with the ball screw nut; a friction plate fixedly arranged as a stator structure, contacting the rotor column and forming a rotary friction pair; an SMA wire bundle arranged in an annular manner, one end of which is fixed to the friction plate base through an SMA wire bundle fixing frame, and the other end is connected to the ball screw through an SMA wire bundle top pull head; wherein the SMA wire bundle undergoes tensile deformation when the ball screw reciprocates, and realizes energy dissipation and self-resetting functions through its superelastic hysteresis characteristics.

[0008] Optionally, a pre-tightening sleeve is further included, which is sleeved on the outside of the friction plate and is used to adjust the contact pressure between the friction plate and the rotor column.

[0009] Optionally, the ball screw nut and the housing are connected via a thrust bearing to bear axial pressure and allow free rotation; wherein, a first thrust bearing is arranged between the ball screw nut and the friction plate; a second thrust bearing is arranged between the ball screw nut and the movable end wall of the housing; and a rotating bearing is arranged between the ball screw nut and the side wall of the housing.

[0010] Optionally, the friction plate is fixed to a friction plate base.

[0011] Optionally, the friction plate base is fixed to the fixed end of the housing by bolts.

[0012] Optionally, the pre-tension of the SMA bundle is adjustable to meet the self-reset requirements under different working conditions.

[0013] Optionally, the thread pitch of the ball screw is adjustable to control the stroke and energy dissipation capacity of the damper.

[0014] A self-resetting energy dissipation method based on the above self-resetting rotary friction damper comprises the following steps:

[0015] The axial displacement of the controlled structure is converted into rotational motion by a ball screw mechanism;

[0016] The friction energy is dissipated by using the rotating friction pair between the rotor column and the friction plate;

[0017] Superelastic hysteresis energy dissipation is achieved through the tensile deformation of the SMA filament bundle.

[0018] Optionally, after the external load is eliminated, the superelastic effect of the SMA wire bundle is utilized to drive the ball screw to return to its initial position.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The self-resetting rotary friction damper proposed in the present invention has significantly improved the comprehensive performance of the damper through innovative structural design and multi-technical integration, especially in terms of energy dissipation efficiency, self-resetting ability, working condition adaptability and adjustability. The following is a detailed description of its beneficial effects in combination with specific structural features:

[0021] First, this solution upgrades the traditional linear friction mode to rotational friction energy consumption by introducing a ball screw mechanism, effectively breaking through the stroke limitation of the traditional damper. The precise matching of the ball screw screw and the nut can efficiently convert the axial displacement of the controlled structure into the rotational motion of the rotor column. With the help of the annular friction pair between the rotor column and the fixed friction plate, the friction contact area and relative motion stroke are greatly expanded. Compared with the limited linear stroke of traditional linear friction dampers, the rotational friction form can achieve a longer friction path under the same axial displacement through circumferential continuous contact, thereby significantly improving the energy consumption capacity of a single cycle. In addition, the high transmission efficiency and low wear characteristics of the ball screw further enhance the durability of the damper, which is especially suitable for extreme working conditions with large deformation and high energy input such as earthquakes and strong winds.

[0022] Secondly, this scheme creatively integrates the shape memory alloy (SMA) wire bundle with the ball screw mechanism to achieve a dual mechanism of friction energy dissipation and superelastic hysteresis energy dissipation. The SMA wire bundle is fixed between the friction plate base and the ball screw screw in a ring arrangement. When the screw reciprocates, the SMA wire bundle produces a superelastic hysteresis effect through tensile deformation, forming a second energy dissipation path. This design not only significantly improves the energy absorption efficiency through the composite energy dissipation mechanism, but also makes full use of the superelastic properties of the SMA material to give the damper a self-resetting function. After the external load is eliminated, the SMA wire bundle drives the ball screw screw to reset to the initial position due to the phase change restoring force, without relying on external springs or additional power devices, solving the reset failure problem of traditional dampers caused by residual deformation. More importantly, the SMA wire bundle remains in a stretched state under both tension and compression conditions, avoiding the performance degradation of the material due to compression, greatly improving the material utilization rate and system reliability.

[0023] Furthermore, this solution achieves flexible and adjustable damper parameters through modular design, enhancing engineering applicability. The introduction of the preload sleeve allows the friction coefficient of the friction pair to be accurately controlled by adjusting the contact pressure between the friction plate and the rotor column, thereby matching the energy consumption requirements under different vibration intensities. At the same time, key parameters such as the thread pitch of the ball screw, the pre-tension of the SMA wire bundle, and the cross-sectional area can be customized and adjusted according to actual working conditions. For example, increasing the thread pitch can extend the working stroke of the damper, while increasing the pre-tension of the SMA wire bundle can enhance the self-resetting driving force. This high degree of adjustability enables the same structural design to adapt to the manufacturing needs of large, medium, and small dampers, significantly reducing the cost and cycle of customized development.

[0024] In addition, the structural design of this solution takes into account standardized production and convenient maintenance. As a mature standardized mechanical transmission component, the ball screw has a perfect manufacturing process and quality control system, which is conducive to the mass production and quality stability of the damper. The outer shell adopts a split design, including a movable end cover and a fixed end cover, which is convenient for the installation, maintenance and replacement of internal components. The thrust bearing set between the rotor column and the friction plate not only reduces the rotational friction resistance, but also effectively prevents the rotor from swinging through the radial constraint design, ensuring the stability of long-term operation. The movable end and the fixed end connector adopt a flange structure, which can be directly connected to the controlled structure bolts, greatly simplifying the on-site installation process.

[0025] In summary, the present invention comprehensively improves the energy consumption efficiency, self-reset accuracy, adaptability to working conditions and economy of the damper through the synergistic effect of rotational friction and SMA superelastic energy dissipation, parameter-adjustable modular design and standardized manufacturing process, and provides an efficient, reliable and intelligent vibration reduction solution for civil engineering structures such as bridges and high-rise buildings.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is the cross-sectional view of this scheme;

[0029] Figure 2 This is another cross-sectional view of the scheme;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the axonometric drawing of this scheme;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Axonometric drawing without the outer shell;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Axonometric view without the friction plate base;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Axonometric view without friction plate;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Axonometric view without the rotor column;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Added axonometric view of friction plate base.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1 ball screw, 2 ball screw nut, 3 rotor column, 4 friction plate, 5 preload hoop, 6 SMA wire bundle top puller, 7 SMA wire bundle fixing frame, 8 SMA wire bundle, 9 rotating bearing, 10 first thrust bearing, 11 second thrust bearing, 12 friction plate base, 13 housing, 14 movable end connecting piece, 15 fixed end connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0039] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 8 , is a self-resetting rotary friction damper, the core structure of which includes a shell 13, which is composed of a cylindrical shell, a movable end cover and a fixed end cover. The fixed end cover of the shell 13 is connected to the fixed end connector 15 by bolts, and is used to connect with the fixed part of the controlled structure; the movable end cover is fixed to the movable end connector 14, and the movable end connector 14 is bolted to the movable part of the controlled structure through a flange. A ball screw 1 is axially arranged inside the shell 13, one end of which extends to the movable end connector 14, and is used to transmit the axial displacement of the controlled structure. The ball screw 1 and the ball screw nut 2 are matched with precision threads to convert the axial linear motion of the screw into the rotational motion of the nut. The ball screw nut 2 is fixed to the lower end of the rotor column 3 by a key connection, so that the rotor column 3 rotates synchronously with the nut.

[0041] The rotor column 3 serves as the rotating component of the damper, and its outer surface forms an annular rotating friction pair with the fixed friction plate 4. The friction plate 4 is fixed to the fixed end of the housing 13 through the friction plate base 12. The friction plate base 12 is connected to the fixed end cover of the housing 13 through high-strength bolts to ensure the rigidity of the overall structure. An annular groove is provided on the friction plate base 12 for accurately mounting the friction plate 4, and is sleeved on the outside of the friction plate 4 through the pre-tightening sleeve 5. The pre-tightening sleeve 5 adopts a threaded adjustment structure, which changes the contact pressure between the friction plate 4 and the rotor column 3 by tightening or loosening, thereby accurately controlling the friction coefficient. The upper end of the rotor column 3 is connected to the fixed end cover of the housing 13 through a rotating bearing 9. The rotating bearing 9 allows the rotor column 3 to rotate freely, while constraining its radial displacement to avoid yaw. The ball screw nut 2 and the housing 13 are connected via a thrust bearing to bear axial pressure and allow free rotation; wherein, a first thrust bearing 10 is arranged between the ball screw nut 2 and the friction plate 4; a second thrust bearing 11 is arranged between the ball screw nut 2 and the movable end wall of the housing 13; and a rotating bearing 9 is arranged between the ball screw nut 2 and the side wall of the housing 4.

[0042] The SMA wire bundle 8 is integrated into the damper in a circular arrangement. The SMA wire bundle fixing frame 7 is fixed to the friction plate base 12 by bolts, and one end of the SMA wire bundle 8 is fixed in the annular groove thereof; the other end of the SMA wire bundle 8 is connected to the SMA wire bundle top pull head 6, and the top pull head 6 is fixed to the top of the ball screw screw 1 through a threaded structure. When the ball screw screw 1 is axially displaced by an external load, the top pull head 6 moves synchronously with the screw, causing the SMA wire bundle 8 to be stretched and deformed. The superelastic hysteresis effect of the SMA wire bundle 8 dissipates energy in this process, and its superelastic characteristics drive the screw to reset after unloading. The pre-tension of the SMA wire bundle 8 can be set by adjusting the installation position of the top pull head 6 to adapt to different reset force requirements.

[0043] The inner wall of the cylindrical shell of the outer shell 13 is provided with a guide groove to limit the radial displacement of the rotor column 3 and ensure the concentricity of the rotating friction pair. The flange design of the movable end connector 14 and the fixed end connector 15 simplifies the installation process with the external structure, and the bolt holes are distributed at a standard spacing to facilitate quick docking. The friction plate base 12 is made of high-rigidity alloy material, and its connection with the fixed end of the outer shell 13 is fastened with double rows of bolts to ensure that it does not loosen under long-term vibration loads. The annular groove of the base 12 is embedded with a wear-resistant gasket to reduce the installation error of the friction plate 4, and the initial gap calibration of the friction pair is achieved by adjusting the thickness of the gasket. In addition, the connection between the friction plate base 12 and the SMA wire bundle fixing frame 7 adopts a detachable design to facilitate the later replacement or maintenance of the SMA wire bundle 8.

[0044] The damper in this solution can be assembled according to the following steps:

[0045] The ball screw 1 is passed through the movable end connector 14 and pre-assembled with the ball screw nut 2; the rotor column 3 is fixed to the ball screw nut 2, and the first thrust bearing 10 and the second thrust bearing 11 are installed; the friction plate 4 is embedded in the groove of the friction plate base 12, and the pre-tightening sleeve 5 is installed and adjusted to the initial pre-tightening force; the two ends of the SMA wire bundle 8 are respectively fixed to the SMA wire bundle fixing frame 7 and the top pull head 6, and a preset pre-tension force is applied; the fixed end cover plate of the housing 13 is assembled with the friction plate base 12 and the fixed end connector 15, and finally the movable end cover plate is encapsulated.

[0046] The operation control method of the damper in this scheme is as follows:

[0047] When the controlled structure undergoes axial displacement, the ball screw 1 drives the nut 2 and the rotor column 3 to rotate, and energy is consumed through the rotating friction pair between the friction plate 4 and the rotor column 3; at the same time, the SMA wire bundle 8 is stretched due to the displacement of the screw, and secondary energy is consumed through the superelastic hysteresis effect; after the external load is eliminated, the shape recovery force of the SMA wire bundle 8 drives the screw 1 to move in the opposite direction, driving the rotor column 3 to reset; by periodically detecting the tightness of the preload hoop 5 and the pretension of the SMA wire bundle 8, the energy consumption and reset performance of the damper are adjusted.

[0048] The maintenance and debugging of the damper in this scheme can refer to the following methods:

[0049] Regularly dismantle the movable end cover of the housing 13, check the wear of the thrust bearings 10 and 11, and add grease; adjust the friction pair pressure by rotating the preload hoop 5. If the friction plate 4 is severely worn, replace the wear-resistant gasket in the groove; adjust the thread position of the top pull head 6 to reset the pretension of the SMA wire bundle 8 to ensure the stability of the self-resetting function.

[0050] This embodiment organically combines the efficient transmission of the ball screw, the multi-path energy dissipation of rotational friction, and the intelligent self-resetting characteristics of the SMA material through the above-mentioned structure and method design. At the same time, with the help of modular adjustment components (such as pre-tightening sleeve 5 and SMA wire bundle pre-tension adjustment), the damper performance has a wide adaptability and is suitable for vibration reduction needs in the fields of bridges, buildings, etc.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-resetting rotary friction damper, characterized in that: include: A ball screw (1) for transmitting an axial displacement of a controlled structure; A ball screw nut (2) cooperates with the ball screw (1) to convert the axial movement of the ball screw (1) into rotational movement; A rotor column (3) is fixedly connected to the ball screw nut (2) and rotates synchronously with the ball screw nut (2); A friction plate (4) is fixedly arranged as a stator structure, contacts the rotor column (3) and forms a rotating friction pair; An SMA wire bundle (8) is arranged in a ring shape, one end of which is fixed to the friction plate base (12) via an SMA wire bundle fixing frame (7), and the other end is connected to the ball screw (1) via an SMA wire bundle top puller (6); The SMA wire bundle (8) undergoes tensile deformation when the ball screw (1) reciprocates, and achieves energy dissipation and self-resetting functions through its superelastic hysteresis characteristics.

2. The self-resetting rotary friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pre-tightening sleeve (5) which is sleeved on the outside of the friction plate (4) and is used to adjust the contact pressure between the friction plate (4) and the rotor column (3).

3. The self-resetting rotary friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball screw nut (2) and the housing (13) are connected via a thrust bearing to bear axial pressure and allow free rotation; wherein a first thrust bearing (10) is arranged between the ball screw nut (2) and the friction plate (4); a second thrust bearing (11) is arranged between the ball screw nut (2) and the movable end wall of the housing (13); and a rotating bearing (9) is arranged between the ball screw nut (2) and the side wall of the housing (4).

4. The self-resetting rotary friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction plate (4) is fixed to the friction plate base (12).

5. The self-resetting rotary friction damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction plate base (12) is fixed to the fixed end of the housing (13) by means of bolts.

6. The self-resetting rotary friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-tensioning force of the SMA wire bundle (8) is adjustable to meet the self-resetting requirements under different working conditions.

7. The self-resetting rotary friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread pitch of the ball screw (1) is adjustable to control the stroke and energy dissipation capacity of the damper.

8. A self-resetting energy dissipation method based on the self-resetting rotary friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The axial displacement of the controlled structure is converted into rotational motion by a ball screw mechanism; Utilizing the rotating friction pair of the rotor column (3) and the friction plate (4) to dissipate friction energy; Superelastic hysteresis energy dissipation is achieved through the tensile deformation of the SMA wire bundle (8).

9. The self-resetting energy dissipation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the external load is eliminated, the superelastic effect of the SMA wire bundle (8) is utilized to drive the ball screw (1) to return to the initial position.

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