Water-drop-shaped stair outer plate body segmentation and installation method based on BIM (Building Information Modeling)

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based water-drop-shaped stair outer plate body segmentation and installation method. A water-drop-shaped stair outer plate body comprises a water-drop-shaped floor slab unit, a stair plate unit, a corner platform plate unit and a ceiling plate unit; the water-drop-shaped floor slab unit is arranged below the corner platform slab unit and is in a water-drop shape. The water-drop-shaped floor slab is horizontally and upwards concave towards one side, and the two ends of the water-drop-shaped floor slab extend upwards to the ceiling slab unit to be connected in sequence. And the ceiling plate unit is annularly arranged around the top opening of the stair. According to the method, through the newly established BIM model, it is guaranteed that the outer plate body meets the deepened design requirement and can adapt to the structure constructed on site; through unit division of the outer plate body, convenience and accuracy of division are guaranteed; through the arrangement of the plate folding edge in the plate body structure, the arrangement of the abutted seam is ensured, and the abutted seam is used as an adjusting space during installation; and through the design of the butt joint piece and the plate flanging, the connection and fixation between the connecting piece and the installation keel and the closed connection between the top surface and the bottom surface are better ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building plate construction based on BIM, and in particular to a method for dividing and installing an outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] The traditional arc formwork method for general curved stairs is a circular arc formwork made of small long strips of modeling. Its joint width is difficult to control, the appearance quality is poor, and the construction efficiency is low. There are few references to the teardrop-shaped stairs with hyperbolic rotation shape, which are very artistic and difficult to process. The existing BIM models are mostly used before construction and are only used as CAD deepening applications. When the on-site structure has been partially constructed, how to conveniently divide the plate unit for complex staircase shapes, and how to design the plate and frame in conjunction with other software, targeted design is required. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for dividing and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM, which is used to solve the technical problems of model establishment of the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase designed based on BIM, unit plate division, plate setting and installation, and joint design.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for dividing and installing a teardrop-shaped staircase outer plate based on BIM, characterized in that the teardrop-shaped staircase outer plate comprises a teardrop-shaped floor plate unit, a staircase plate unit, a corner platform plate unit and a ceiling plate unit; The teardrop-shaped floor unit is arranged below the corner platform unit in a teardrop shape, the teardrop-shaped floor is horizontally concave upward to one side and both ends extend upward to the ceiling unit for connection; the ceiling unit is arranged in a ring around the top opening of the staircase; The stair plate unit is arranged on both sides and the bottom of the constructed stair structure, and the stair plate unit is butt-jointed with the corner platform plate unit and the ceiling plate unit at the intersection of the structures; The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The structural beams, columns, floor slabs, staircase structures and the corner platform in the middle of the staircase structure have been constructed on site; the water drop staircase structure and its related structures constructed on site are 3D scanned; a new BIM model is established for the outer plate and related structures of the water drop staircase to be constructed, and the new BIM model is adjusted to match the on-site 3D scanning data; Step 2: Divide the exterior panel body in the adjusted BIM model into units; divide them into teardrop-shaped floor units, staircase units, corner platform units and ceiling units, and then divide each unit separately; Step 3: When dividing the teardrop-shaped floor unit, the fitting division is carried out according to the arc shape of the bottom; the stair slab unit is divided according to the height of the stair slab side wall and the distance between the railing columns; the corner platform slab unit is divided according to the side vertical edge and the side oblique edge; the ceiling slab unit is divided according to the linear shape; Step 4: Use the simulation function of the 3D engraving software to simulate the processing, check whether the path is correct, and adjust the collision or error during the processing; Step 5: During on-site construction, the outer panels are connected to the installation keels, and panel joints are set between the outer panels. After adjusting the positions, the outer panels are assembled in blocks until the overall construction is completed.

[0005] Furthermore, the new BIM model is established based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the structure that has been constructed on site; and the surface panel volume data of the adjusted BIM model is imported into the Rhino software, and then each unit is divided separately.

[0006] Furthermore, the teardrop-shaped floor unit is divided into teardrop vertical outer plates and teardrop vertical arc outer plates. The teardrop vertical outer plates are set with equal sides on the top and bottom sides; the teardrop vertical arc outer plates are set with arc sides on the bottom sides; among them, the teardrop vertical arc outer plates correspond to the fitted teardrop-shaped shape and are fitted and divided in the software.

[0007] Furthermore, the stair plate unit includes a stair vertical outer plate arranged on the side wall of the stairs and a stair bottom outer plate at the bottom of the stairs; the stair vertical outer plate and the stair bottom outer plate have the same width, and the width is selected from the column spacing of the constructed railing columns; the height of the stair vertical outer plate is the height of the stair side wall, and the length of the stair bottom outer plate is the width of the stair structure steps.

[0008] Furthermore, the corner platform panel unit is a corner platform outer inclined panel arranged at the inclined surface of the corner platform and an outer vertical panel arranged vertically on the outer periphery of the corner platform, wherein a corner railing and a corresponding glass panel are arranged on the top of the corner platform, and the corner platform outer inclined panel and the corner platform outer vertical panel are divided according to the position of the corner railing; and then the division is fitted in the software according to the shape of the corner platform.

[0009] Furthermore, the ceiling panel unit is segmented according to the annular shape of the opening at the top of the stairs, into a straight segment, a turning segment and an arc segment; the straight segment is segmented into equal parts, and the turning segment and the arc segment are segmented by fitting in the software.

[0010] Furthermore, when the divided plate body is manufactured, it includes a plate body, plate folding edges arranged on both sides of the plate body, and plate folding edges or plate flanges arranged at the length ends of the plate body; the length of the plate folding edge is not less than 50 mm; The joints between adjacent panels shall not be less than 10mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the top and bottom of the staircase vertical outer plate are both provided with plate flanges, and the two side plate flanges of the top are correspondingly connected to the railing column and the glass plate; the top and bottom of the staircase bottom outer plate are both provided with plate folding edges; The top and bottom of the water drop vertical mark outer plate are both plate folding settings, and the bottom of the water drop vertical arc outer plate is a plate flange and the top is a plate folding setting; The top and bottom of the plate bodies of the outer inclined plate of the corner platform and the outer vertical plate of the corner platform are both plate folding settings; The ceiling panel unit is vertically divided into two upper and lower panel bodies, and the top of the upper panel body is a panel flange, and the bottom is a panel folded edge; the bottom of the lower panel body is a panel flange, and the top is a panel folded edge.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer panel of the stairs is connected to the stair structure or the main structure by installing a keel, and the installing keel is a steel frame model deduced by reverse deducing the steel frame through the BIM model; and the top of the steel frame replaces the ceiling keel at the original position at the ceiling unit; the outer panel of the stairs and the installing keel are adjustably connected with a butt connector.

[0013] Furthermore, the installation keel is connected to the glass railing base at the stair structure, and the bottom is connected to the floor through a connecting nail; the top of the glass railing base is correspondingly installed with a glass U-shaped groove and a railing column, and the glass plate is installed inside the glass U-shaped groove; The base of the glass railing is a steel section, and the bottom passes through the floor layer to be embedded in the floor slab.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in: 1) The present invention ensures that the outer panel meets the requirements of the detailed design and can adapt to the structure that has been constructed on site through the newly established BIM model; 2) The present invention divides the outer plate into units, and each unit is divided independently; thus, the convenience and accuracy of the division are ensured, and the design requirements of the water drop shape can be met to the greatest extent; 3) The present invention facilitates the setting of the joints as the adjustment space during installation by setting the plate folding edge in the plate structure; and further ensures the connection and fixation between the installation keel and the closed connection between the top surface and the bottom surface by designing the connecting piece and the plate folding edge; Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or may be understood by practicing the present invention; the main purpose and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the solutions particularly pointed out in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the newly built BIM model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the internal and external panel division in Rhino software Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the internal and external panel division in Rhino software Figure 2 ; Figure 4 It is a horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the outer plate body and the installation keel; Figure 5 It is a vertical cross-sectional diagram of the connection between the outer plate and the mounting keel; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the outer plate structure; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the steel frame model; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom connection structure of the staircase structure.

[0016] Figure markings: 1-water drop-shaped floor unit, 011-water drop vertical mark outer plate, 012-water drop vertical arc outer plate, 2-stair plate unit, 021-stair vertical outer plate, 022-stair bottom outer plate, 3-railing column, 4-glass plate, 5-corner platform plate unit, 051-corner platform outer inclined plate, 052-corner platform outer vertical plate, 6-ceiling plate unit, 7-stair structure, 8-glass railing base, 9-installation keel, 10-connecting nail, 11-glass U-shaped groove, 12-floor, 13-floor layer, 14-plate body, 15-plate embedded connector, 16-butt connector, 17-plate folding edge, 18-plate body butt joint, 19-plate flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Take a conference center as an example, the total construction area is about 420,000 square meters. The water drop staircase on the north side of the main lobby on the L2 floor is a hyperbolic rotating shape. After comparing the water drop staircase on the construction site with the fine decoration blueprint, the data of the curved platform and the stair section have a horizontal deviation of about 60mm from the blueprint positioning dimensions, and the original design position of the plate is occupied by part of the on-site construction structure; it cannot meet the fine decoration construction positioning requirements, and the overall shape on site needs to be further designed before construction can be carried out.

[0018] The outer plate of the water drop staircase is a GRG plate, which is assembled in blocks and arranged in a hyperbolic rotation shape. It is in the shape of a water drop below the corner platform, concave to one side horizontally and rotated at both ends to extend to the ceiling unit. In order to ensure the accurate division, fitting shape and positioning installation of the outer plate, the outer plate of the water drop staircase is divided and installed based on BIM.

[0019] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, the BIM-based method for dividing and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase is further described. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The structural beams and columns, floor slab 12, staircase structure 7 and the corner platform in the middle of the staircase structure 7 have been constructed on site; the water drop staircase structure 7 and its related structures constructed on site are 3D scanned; a new BIM model is established for the outer plate and related structures of the water drop staircase to be constructed, and the new BIM model is adjusted to match the on-site 3D scanning data.

[0020] Step 2: Divide the exterior panel body in the adjusted BIM model into units; divide it into teardrop-shaped floor slab 12 units 1, stair slab units 2, corner platform slab units 5 and ceiling slab units 6, and then divide each unit separately.

[0021] The new BIM model is established based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the structure that has been constructed on site; the surface panel data of the adjusted BIM model is imported into the Rhino software, and then each unit is divided separately.

[0022] Based on the confirmed BIM model, the sat file format of Rhino software and Revit software is used for functional interaction.

[0023] Among them, the outer plate body of the teardrop-shaped staircase includes a teardrop-shaped floor slab 12 unit 1, a staircase slab unit 2, a corner platform slab unit 5 and a ceiling slab unit 6; the teardrop-shaped floor slab 12 unit 1 is arranged below the corner platform slab unit 5 in the shape of a teardrop, the teardrop-shaped floor slab 12 is horizontally concave upward to one side and both ends extend upward to the ceiling slab unit 6; the ceiling slab unit 6 is arranged in a ring around the opening at the top of the staircase.

[0024] The stair slab unit 2 is arranged on both sides and the bottom of the constructed stair structure 7, and the stair slab unit 2 is butt-connected with the corner platform slab unit 5 and the ceiling slab unit 6 at the intersection of the structures.

[0025] Step 3, when dividing the teardrop-shaped floor slab 12 unit 1, it is divided according to the bottom arc shape; the stair slab unit 2 is divided according to the height of the stair slab side wall and the distance of the railing column 3; the corner platform slab unit 5 is divided according to the side vertical edge and the side oblique edge; the ceiling slab unit 6 is divided according to the line shape.

[0026] Among them, the teardrop-shaped floor slab 12 unit 1 is divided into a teardrop vertical outer plate 011 and a teardrop vertical arc outer plate 012 when divided. The teardrop vertical outer plate 011 is set with equal sides on the top and bottom sides; the teardrop vertical arc outer plate 012 is set with an arc-shaped side on the bottom side; wherein the teardrop vertical arc outer plate 012 corresponds to the fitting teardrop shape, and is fitted and divided in the Rhino software. In this embodiment, the stair slab unit 2 includes a stair vertical outer plate 021 set on the side wall of the stairs and a stair bottom outer plate 022 at the bottom of the stairs; the stair vertical outer plate 021 and the stair bottom outer plate 022 have the same width, and the width is selected from the column spacing of the constructed railing columns 3; the height of the stair vertical outer plate 021 is the height of the stair side wall, and the length of the stair bottom outer plate 022 is the width of the 7 steps of the stair structure.

[0027] In this embodiment, the corner platform plate unit 5 is a corner platform outer inclined plate 051 arranged at the inclined surface of the corner platform and a corner platform outer vertical plate 052 arranged vertically on the outer periphery of the corner platform, wherein a corner railing and a corresponding glass plate 4 are arranged on the top of the corner platform, and the corner platform outer inclined plate 051 and the corner platform outer vertical plate 052 are divided according to the position of the corner railing; and then fitted and divided in the Rhino software according to the shape of the corner platform.

[0028] In this embodiment, the ceiling panel unit 6 is divided into straight segments, turning segments and arc segments according to the ring shape of the opening at the top of the stairs; the straight segments are divided into equal parts, and the turning segments and arc segments are divided by fitting in the Rhino software.

[0029] In this embodiment, the divided plate body includes a plate body 14, plate folds 17 arranged on both sides of the plate body 14, and plate folds 17 or plate flanges 19 arranged at the length ends of the plate body 14; the length of the plate folds 17 is not less than 50 mm; the plate joint seams 18 between adjacent plate bodies are not less than 10 mm. The standard size of the plate body 14 is approximately between 1.5m and 2m in length and between 800mm and 1000mm in width. The length of the plate folds 17 is set to 70mm.

[0030] The top and bottom of the staircase vertical outer plate 021 are both provided with plate flanges 19, and the plate flanges 19 on both sides of the top are connected to the railing column 3 and the glass plate 4 respectively; the top and bottom of the staircase bottom outer plate 022 are both provided with plate folding edges 17; the top and bottom of the plate body of the water drop vertical mark outer plate 011 are both provided with plate folding edges 17, the bottom of the plate body of the water drop vertical arc outer plate 012 is provided with plate flanges 19, and the top is provided with plate folding edges 17; the top and bottom of the plate body of the corner platform outer inclined plate 051 and the corner platform outer vertical plate 052 are both provided with plate folding edges 17; The ceiling panel unit 6 is vertically divided into two upper and lower panels, and the upper panel has a panel flange 19 at the top and a panel folded edge 17 at the bottom; the lower panel has a panel flange 19 at the bottom and a panel folded edge 17 at the top.

[0031] In this embodiment, the 3D model of the water drop staircase is drawn using Rhino software, and the block design is carried out according to the installation requirements. The GRG outer panel is divided into 372 sections in total. Through the export function of Rhino software, the segmented 3D model is converted into a 2D processing drawing, including a plan view, elevation view, section view and detailed dimension marking, etc., for reference and production by the processing plant.

[0032] Step 4: Use the simulation function of the 3D engraving software to simulate the processing process, check whether the path is correct, and adjust the collision or errors that occur during the processing.

[0033] The completed processing drawings will be deepened, the processing path will be planned and optimized, and the G code will be produced. In the NcStudio engraving control system software, the produced G code file is opened, and the various parameters of the laser engraving machine, such as laser power, processing speed, scanning path, etc., are set according to the characteristics of the GRG material and processing requirements. The simulation function of the NcStudio software is used to simulate the processing process, check whether the path is correct, and avoid collisions or errors during the processing. After the processing is completed, the GRG material is cleaned and polished to improve the surface finish and aesthetics.

[0034] Step 5: During on-site construction, the outer panels are connected to the installation keels 9, and panel joints 18 are provided between the outer panels. After adjusting the positions, the outer panels are assembled in blocks until the overall construction is completed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer plate of the staircase is connected to the staircase structure 7 or the main structure by installing the keel 9. The keel 9 is installed by inverting the steel frame model through the BIM model; and the top of the keel 9 replaces the original ceiling keel at the ceiling unit. The final BIM model is determined based on the plane projection line, and the steel frame projection line is reversed, and the steel frame model is established based on the final BIM model; then the on-site steel frame construction is guided.

[0036] In this embodiment, the staircase outer plate body is connected to the installation keel 9 through a butt joint 16, and the butt joint 16 is an angle steel member and is provided with an adjustable hole and connected to the outer plate body through a plate pre-embedded joint 15, wherein the plate pre-embedded joint 15 is a T-shaped steel member. The installation keel 9 is connected to the glass railing base 8 at the staircase structure 7, and the bottom is pre-embedded with the floor 12 through a connecting nail 10; the top of the glass railing base 8 corresponds to the installation of a glass U-shaped groove 11 and a railing column 3, and the glass plate 4 is installed inside the glass U-shaped groove 11; the glass railing base 8 is a steel member, and the bottom passes through the floor layer 13 to be pre-embedded to the floor 12.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a technician familiar with the technical field can think of within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dividing and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM, characterized in that: The outer plate of the water drop-shaped staircase includes a water drop-shaped floor plate unit, a stair plate unit, a corner platform plate unit and a ceiling plate unit; The teardrop-shaped floor unit is arranged below the corner platform unit in a teardrop shape, the teardrop-shaped floor is horizontally concave upward to one side and both ends extend upward to the ceiling unit for connection; the ceiling unit is arranged in a ring around the top opening of the staircase; The stair plate unit is arranged on both sides and the bottom of the constructed stair structure, and the stair plate unit is butt-jointed with the corner platform plate unit and the ceiling plate unit at the intersection of the structures; The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The structural beams, columns, floor slabs, staircase structures and the corner platform in the middle of the staircase structure have been constructed on site; the water drop staircase structure and its related structures constructed on site are 3D scanned; a new BIM model is established for the outer plate and related structures of the water drop staircase to be constructed, and the new BIM model is adjusted to match the on-site 3D scanning data; Step 2: Divide the exterior panel body in the adjusted BIM model into units; divide them into teardrop-shaped floor units, staircase units, corner platform units and ceiling units, and then divide each unit separately; Step 3: When dividing the teardrop-shaped floor unit, the fitting division is carried out according to the arc shape of the bottom; the stair slab unit is divided according to the height of the stair slab side wall and the distance between the railing columns; the corner platform slab unit is divided according to the side vertical edge and the side oblique edge; the ceiling slab unit is divided according to the linear shape; Step 4: Use the simulation function of the 3D engraving software to simulate the processing, check whether the path is correct, and adjust the collision or error during the processing; Step 5: During on-site construction, the outer panels are connected to the installation keels, and panel joints are set between the outer panels. After adjusting the positions, the outer panels are assembled in blocks until the overall construction is completed.

2. The BIM-based teardrop-shaped staircase outer plate segmentation and installation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The new BIM model is established based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the structure that has been constructed on site; the surface panel data of the adjusted BIM model is imported into the Rhino software, and then each unit is divided separately.

3. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: The teardrop-shaped floor unit is divided into a teardrop vertical outer plate and a teardrop vertical arc outer plate. The teardrop vertical outer plate is set with equal sides on the top and bottom sides; the teardrop vertical arc outer plate is set with an arc-shaped side on the bottom side. The vertical arc outer plate of the water droplet corresponds to the fitted water droplet shape and is fitted and segmented in the software.

4. The BIM-based teardrop-shaped staircase outer plate segmentation and installation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The stair tread unit includes a stair riser plate set on the side wall of the stairs and a stair bottom plate at the bottom of the stairs; the stair riser plate and the stair bottom plate have the same width, and the width is selected from the column spacing of the constructed railing columns; the height of the stair riser plate is the height of the stair side wall, and the length of the stair bottom plate is the width of the stair structure steps.

5. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: The corner platform plate unit is a corner platform outer inclined plate arranged at the inclined surface of the corner platform and an outer vertical plate arranged vertically on the outer periphery of the corner platform, wherein a corner railing and a corresponding glass plate are arranged on the top of the corner platform, and the corner platform outer inclined plate and the corner platform outer vertical plate are divided according to the position of the corner railing; and then fitted and divided in the software according to the shape of the corner platform.

6. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The ceiling panel unit is divided into a straight segment, a turning segment and an arc segment according to the ring shape of the opening at the top of the stairs; the straight segment is divided into equal parts, and the turning segment and the arc segment are divided by fitting in the software.

7. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: When the divided board is manufactured, it includes the board body, the board folding edges set on both sides of the board body, and the board folding edges or board flanges set at the ends of the length of the board body; the length of the board folding edge is not less than 50mm; The joints between adjacent panels shall not be less than 10mm.

8. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The top and bottom of the staircase outer plate are both provided with plate flanges, and the two side plate flanges of the top are connected to the railing column and the glass plate correspondingly; the top and bottom of the staircase outer plate are both provided with plate folding edges; The top and bottom of the water drop vertical mark outer plate are both plate folding settings, and the bottom of the water drop vertical arc outer plate is a plate flange and the top is a plate folding setting; The top and bottom of the plate bodies of the outer inclined plate of the corner platform and the outer vertical plate of the corner platform are both plate folding settings; The ceiling panel unit is vertically divided into two upper and lower panel bodies, and the top of the upper panel body is a panel flange, and the bottom is a panel folded edge; the bottom of the lower panel body is a panel flange, and the top is a panel folded edge.

9. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The outer plate of the stairs is connected to the stair structure or the main structure by installing the keel. The installing keel is a steel frame model deduced by inverting the BIM model; and the top of the steel frame replaces the ceiling keel at the original position at the ceiling unit; the outer plate of the stairs and the installing keel are adjustably connected with a butt connector.

10. The BIM-based method for splitting and installing the outer plate of a teardrop-shaped staircase according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The installation keel is connected to the base of the glass railing at the staircase structure and the bottom is connected to the floor slab through connecting nails; A glass U-shaped groove and a railing column are installed on the top of the glass railing base, and a glass plate is installed inside the glass U-shaped groove; The base of the glass railing is a steel section, and the bottom passes through the floor layer to be embedded in the floor slab.

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