A self-excited pulse power topology and control method of a brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage

Abstract

The application relates to a self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure and a control method of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a super capacitor hybrid energy storage, and belongs to the pulse power supply field. The application solves the problems in the prior art, such as high energy storage density but low power density, short large-current cycle life, slow high-voltage charging speed, high boost ratio, working of a boost converter between a storage battery and a super capacitor in a near-saturation working condition, and serious influence on the charging speed and charging linearity. The self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure comprises a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excitation charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load; the prime mover is coaxially connected with a brushless air-core pulse generator rotor; the self-excitation charging rectifier bridge is connected with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group in series; and the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge the load in parallel. The application is also suitable for the hybrid energy storage field based on inertia, a magnetic field and an electric field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pulse power supply, in particular to a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure and control method of a brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage. BACKGROUND

[0002] The super capacitor is a mature energy storage scheme in the field of pulse power supply at present, has high power density but low energy storage density, and needs to use other energy storage systems to provide energy supplement under multiple continuous discharge conditions, and the storage battery energy storage is widely used as the charging power supply under the multiple continuous discharge conditions at present. The storage battery energy storage has high energy storage density but low power density, short large current cycle life, slow high voltage charging speed, and high voltage conversion ratio, so that the voltage converter between the storage battery and the super capacitor works in the vicinity of the saturation condition, which seriously affects the charging speed and charging linearity. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application is to solve the problems of the prior art that the storage battery energy storage has high energy storage density but low power density, short large current cycle life, slow high voltage charging speed, and high voltage conversion ratio, so that the voltage converter between the storage battery and the super capacitor works in the vicinity of the saturation condition, which seriously affects the charging speed and charging linearity.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0005] Scheme one, the present application provides a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of a brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage, the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure comprises a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load.

[0006] The prime mover is coaxially connected with the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor, the self-excited charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group, and the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge to the load in parallel.

[0007] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, the brushless air-core pulse generator comprises an excitation side and a power generation side,

[0008] The excitation side comprises a DC excitation stator winding L2 and an AC excitation rotor winding L3, the power generation side comprises an AC power generation rotor winding L4 and an AC power generation stator winding L5, and the two groups of stator windings L2 and AC power generation stator windings L5 are connected in parallel through thyristors T5, T6, T7, diodes D2, D3, D4 and a self-excited switch T2 of the self-excited charging rectifier bridge.

[0009] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the two groups of rotor windings L3 and the AC generator rotor winding L4 are connected in anti-phase sequence.

[0010] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the pulse capacitor bank includes multiple pairs of series and parallel supercapacitors for simultaneously charging the multiple pairs of supercapacitors.

[0011] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank discharge the load in parallel when the terminal voltage of the pulse capacitor bank reaches a preset value.

[0012] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the self-excited pulse power supply topology further includes an excitation topology for self-excited excitation current, including an excitation capacitor C1, an excitation control thyristor T1, and a DC field stator winding L2, which are connected in series.

[0013] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the self-excited pulse power supply topology further includes a freewheeling topology, which includes a DC field stator winding L2 and a freewheeling diode D1, which are connected in series.

[0014] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the self-excited pulse power supply topology further includes an energy feedback topology, which includes a pulse capacitor bank Cn, a load L1, an excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and an excitation capacitor C1, which are connected in series.

[0015] Scheme II, a control method for a self-excited pulse power supply topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage, the control method is based on any one of the self-excited pulse power supply topologies in Scheme I, and the control method includes the following steps:

[0016] S1, assuming that the number of pole pairs of the excitation side and the power generation side of the brushless air-core pulse generator are p1 and p2 respectively, and the rotor speed is ω r When the DC field stator winding L2 is connected to a DC current, the electrical frequency of the AC generator stator winding L5 is ω f2 = (p1 + p2) / p2 * ω r ;

[0017] S2, based on the AC power generation stator winding L5 of S1 obtained, when the AC power generation stator winding L5 emits current greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding L2, that is, the self-excitation charging is realized.

[0018] The present application has the advantages of:

[0019] The self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure and control method of the brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to the present application adopts a brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage scheme, based on the hybrid energy storage of inertia, magnetic field and electric field, can flexibly adjust the energy storage ratio strategy according to different discharge requirements, and has high energy storage density and high power density, smaller overall volume and weight, flexible primary energy source, and is more suitable for mobile vehicle platforms.

[0020] The self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to the present application works in a non-steady state self-excitation working condition, the excitation voltage and current rise according to an exponential law, the charging speed is greatly improved compared with the charging topology of the rated working condition of the traditional storage battery, is more suitable for multiple continuous discharge working conditions, and the control strategy is simple and the large current cycle life is longer.

[0021] The self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to the present application provides pulse current to the load by the brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor at the same time during discharge, reduces the discharge power demand of the pulse generator and super capacitor single body under extreme working conditions, reduces the extreme electromagnetic, thermal and force stress impact borne by the motor and capacitor under extreme working conditions, reduces the engineering manufacturing difficulty and the use cost of advanced materials, and in addition, the discharge power distribution strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to different requirements of the load.

[0022] The super capacitor in the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to the present application has the energy storage function, and can provide capacitive compensation for the stator winding of the brushless air-core pulse generator, solving the problems of high loss, slow current pulse rising speed and low peak value caused by high AC impedance of the armature winding of the traditional cascaded brushless air-core pulse generator.

[0023] The present application is also applicable to the field of hybrid energy storage based on inertia, magnetic field and electric field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The self-excitation type pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 2An electrical schematic diagram of a self-excited pulse power topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment one.

[0026] Figure 3 A working principle diagram of a starting excitation stage according to embodiment eleven.

[0027] Figure 4 A working principle diagram of a self-excited charging stage according to embodiment eleven.

[0028] Figure 5 A working principle diagram of a discharging stage according to embodiment eleven.

[0029] Figure 6 A working principle diagram of an energy feedback stage according to embodiment eleven.

[0030] Figure 7 A typical hybrid energy storage distribution diagram of a self-excited charging stage according to embodiment eleven.

[0031] Figure 8 A typical discharging current distribution diagram of a discharging stage according to embodiment eleven. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Embodiment one, the embodiment provides a self-excited pulse power topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage, the self-excited pulse power topology comprises a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load.

[0034] The prime mover is coaxially connected with the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor; the self-excited charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group; the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge to the load in parallel.

[0035] Embodiment two, the embodiment is a further limitation of the self-excited pulse power topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment one, the brushless air-core pulse generator comprises excitation measurement and power generation side,

[0036] The excitation side comprises a direct-current excitation stator winding L2 and an alternating-current excitation rotor winding L3, the power generation side comprises an alternating-current power generation rotor winding L4 and an alternating-current power generation stator winding L5, and the two sets of stator windings L2 and the alternating-current power generation stator winding L5 are connected in parallel through thyristors T5, T6, T7, diodes D2, D3, D4 and a self-excitation switch T2.

[0037] Embodiment three, the embodiment is further limited to the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology of the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment two, and the two sets of rotor windings L3 and the alternating-current power generation rotor winding L4 are connected in reverse phase sequence.

[0038] Embodiment four, the embodiment is further limited to the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology of the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment one, and the pulse capacitor group comprises a plurality of pairs of series and parallel super capacitors, for simultaneously charging the plurality of pairs of super capacitors.

[0039] Embodiment five, the embodiment is further limited to the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology of the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment one, and the condition for the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to discharge the load in parallel is that when the terminal voltage of the pulse capacitor group reaches a preset value, the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge the load in parallel.

[0040] Embodiment six, the embodiment is further limited to the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology of the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment one, and the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology further comprises an excitation topology for self-excitation excitation current, comprising an excitation capacitor C1, an excitation control thyristor T1 and a direct-current excitation stator winding L2, and the excitation capacitor C1, the excitation control thyristor T1 and the direct-current excitation stator winding L2 are connected in series.

[0041] Embodiment seven, the embodiment is further limited to the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology of the brushless hollow-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to embodiment one, and the self-excitation type pulse power supply topology further comprises a freewheeling topology, and the freewheeling topology comprises a direct-current excitation stator winding L2 and a freewheeling diode D1, and the direct-current excitation stator winding L2 and the freewheeling diode D1 are connected in series.

[0042] Embodiment eight, the embodiment is further limited to the self-excited pulse power supply topology of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the super capacitor hybrid energy storage of embodiment one, the self-excited pulse power supply topology further comprises an energy feedback topology, the energy feedback topology comprises a pulse capacitor group Cn, a load L1, an excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and an excitation capacitor C1, which are connected in series.

[0043] Embodiment nine, the embodiment proposes a control method of the self-excited pulse power supply topology of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the super capacitor hybrid energy storage, characterized in that the control method is based on the self-excited pulse power supply topology of any one of embodiments one to eight, and the control method comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, assuming that the number of pole pairs of the excitation side and the power generation side of the brushless air-core pulse generator is p1 and p2 respectively, and the rotor speed is ω r When the DC excitation stator winding L2 passes through the DC current, the electrical frequency of the AC power generation stator winding L5 is ω f2 = (p1 + p2) / p2 * ω r ;

[0045] S2, based on the electrical frequency of the AC power generation stator winding L5 obtained in S1, when the current generated by the AC power generation stator winding L5 is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding L2, self-excitation charging is realized.

[0046] Embodiment ten, the embodiment proposes an example for explaining embodiments one to ten, referring to Figures 1 to 8 The purpose of the present application is to propose a self-excited pulse power supply topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a super capacitor hybrid energy storage, which takes into account the requirements of pulse power supply for energy storage, power and charging speed under multiple consecutive discharges, improves the energy storage and power density of the system, reduces the overall volume of the system, prolongs the cycle life of the system under extreme conditions, and reduces the overall cost.

[0047] The embodiment is specifically:

[0048] A self-excited pulse power supply topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a super capacitor hybrid energy storage mainly comprises a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load.

[0049] In the initial stage of work, the prime mover drives the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor to accelerate, and stores the energy required for multiple consecutive discharges in the motor rotor in the form of inertial energy storage;

[0050] The main working process of the self-excitation pulse power supply topology includes: brushless air-core pulse generator excitation, self-excitation charging of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group, discharging of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to the load, and energy feedback. During the working process of the power supply topology, the inertial energy of the rotor is converted into the magnetic field energy of the motor and the electric field energy of the super capacitor by the brushless air-core pulse generator, and is released to the load together in the discharging stage.

[0051] The brushless air-core pulse generator includes an excitation side and a power generation side, the excitation side includes a direct-current excitation stator winding and an alternating-current excitation rotor winding, and the power generation side includes an alternating-current power generation rotor winding and an alternating-current power generation stator winding, wherein the alternating-current excitation rotor winding and the alternating-current power generation rotor winding are connected in opposite phase sequences.

[0052] The self-excitation charging rectifier bridge described in the embodiment includes three groups of thyristors and three groups of diodes, is a high-power semi-controlled three-phase bridge, is simple to control, and is suitable for short-term extreme working conditions. One of the core components of the application, the pulse capacitor group, includes multiple pairs of super capacitors connected in series and parallel, and can simultaneously charge multiple pairs of super capacitor groups due to the strong energy established by the self-excitation of the brushless air-core pulse generator.

[0053] In addition, the self-excitation pulse power supply topology proposed in the embodiment also includes an excitation topology for providing self-excitation excitation current, a freewheeling topology for freewheeling of the direct-current excitation stator winding, and an energy feedback topology for energy feedback. The working process of the topology proposed in the application mainly includes driving and acceleration of the prime mover, excitation of the brushless air-core pulse generator, self-excitation charging of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group, discharging of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to the load, and energy feedback.

[0054] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the topology proposed in the embodiment works in the excitation stage of the brushless air-core pulse generator. In this stage, the excitation capacitor C1 provides an initial excitation current to the direct-current excitation stator winding through the excitation thyristor T1.

[0055] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the topology proposed in the embodiment works in the self-excitation charging stage of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group. Assuming that the number of pole pairs of the motor excitation side and the power generation side is p1 and p2 respectively, and the rotor speed is ω r , according to the basic theory of motor, when the direct-current excitation stator winding is connected to a direct current, the electric frequency of the alternating-current power generation stator winding is ω f2 =(p1+p2) / p2*ω rThe current generated by the AC power generation stator winding passes through the thyristor T5, the thyristor T6, the thyristor T7, the diode D2, the diode D3 and the diode D4 of the self-excitation rectification charging bridge, and a part of the current is used for charging the pulse capacitor group, and the other part is led back to the DC field stator winding through the thyristor T2, so that the current is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC field stator winding, and the self-excitation charging is realized. In this process, the inertial energy storage of the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor is rapidly converted into the magnetic field energy storage of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the electric field energy storage of the super capacitor group.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 6, the topology proposed in the embodiment works in the discharge stage of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to the load. In this stage, the current of the DC field stator winding continues to provide the excitation magnetic field through the diode D1, and the AC power generation stator winding discharges to the load through the thyristor T5, the thyristor T6, the thyristor T7, the diode D2, the diode D3, the diode D4 and the discharge switch thyristor T3, and the pulse capacitor group also discharges to the load through the discharge switch thyristor T3.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 7, the topology proposed in the embodiment works in the energy feedback stage. The residual energy of the load L1 charges the starting capacitor C1 through the starting capacitor charging switch thyristor T4, so as to prepare for the starting stage of the next round of work and realize the self-sufficiency of the energy of the starting capacitor in the multiple continuous discharge working conditions.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 8, the topology proposed in the embodiment is a typical mixed energy storage distribution diagram in the self-excitation charging stage. Based on the mixed energy storage in the forms of inertia, magnetic field and electric field, the energy storage ratio strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to different requirements of the load.

[0059] Reference Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 9, the topology proposed in the embodiment is a typical discharge current distribution diagram in the discharge stage. The brushless air-core pulse generator and the super capacitor simultaneously provide pulse current to the load, the super capacitor has the energy storage function and can provide capacitive compensation for the stator winding of the brushless air-core pulse generator, and the discharge power distribution strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to different requirements of the load.

[0060] The pulse generator is based on the principle of inertial energy storage, and has higher power density compared with the battery, long current cycle life, and is very suitable for providing energy supplement for the super capacitor under the condition of multiple continuous discharges. The brushless air-core pulse generator adopts a non-magnetic fiber composite material to make the non-magnetic stator and rotor, which is not limited by the saturation characteristics of the ferromagnetic material, and has high air gap magnetic flux and high linearity of the excitation current. Based on the brushless topology and high-strength composite material, the rotor speed of the air-core pulse generator can be further improved, thereby further improving the energy storage density and power density of the system. Based on the self-excitation principle, the brushless air-core pulse generator can establish strong voltage and current according to the exponential change rule, and can simultaneously charge multiple pulse capacitors, and the high-voltage charging speed is extremely fast. The half-controlled rectification topology can replace the traditional DC boost topology, thereby greatly reducing the size and control difficulty of the conversion circuit.

[0061] In summary, the brushless air-core pulse generator and the super capacitor can simultaneously provide pulse current to the load, reduce the discharge power demand of the pulse generator and the super capacitor under extreme working conditions, reduce the extreme electromagnetic, thermal and force stress impact on the motor and the capacitor under extreme working conditions, and reduce the engineering manufacturing difficulty and the use cost of advanced materials.

[0062] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present disclosure can be combined or combined, even if such combination or combination is not explicitly described in the present disclosure. It is not intended to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacement of part of the technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0063] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to the embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and changes of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A self-excited pulse power topology structure of brushless air-core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage, characterized in that, The self-excitation pulse power supply topology comprises a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excitation charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor bank and a load. The prime mover is coaxially connected with the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor; the self-excitation charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank; the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank discharge the load in parallel.

2. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brushless air-core pulse generator comprises an excitation side and a power generation side, The excitation side comprises a DC excitation stator winding L2 and an AC excitation rotor winding L3, and the power generation side comprises an AC power generation rotor winding L4 and an AC power generation stator winding L5; the two sets of stator windings L2 and the AC power generation stator winding L5 are connected in parallel through the thyristors T5, T6, T7, the diodes D2, D3, D4 and the self-excitation switch T2 of the self-excitation charging rectifier bridge.

3. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two sets of rotor windings L3 and the AC power generation rotor winding L4 are connected in reverse phase sequence.

4. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse capacitor bank comprises a plurality of pairs of series and parallel super capacitors for simultaneously charging the plurality of pairs of super capacitors.

5. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank discharge the load in parallel when the terminal voltage of the pulse capacitor bank reaches a preset value.

6. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-excitation pulse power supply topology further comprises an excitation topology for providing a self-excitation excitation current, comprising an excitation capacitor C1, an excitation control thyristor T1 and a DC excitation stator winding L2, which are connected in series with each other.

7. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-excitation pulse power supply topology further comprises a freewheeling topology, comprising a DC excitation stator winding L2 and a freewheeling diode D1, which are connected in series with each other.

8. The topology of self-excited pulse power of brushless hollow core pulse generator and super capacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-excitation pulse power supply topology further comprises an energy feedback topology, comprising a pulse capacitor bank Cn, a load L1, an excitation capacitor charging switch T4 and an excitation capacitor C1, which are connected in series with each other.

9. A control method of a self-excited pulse power topology of a brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage, characterized in that, The control method is based on the self-excitation pulse power supply topology of any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps: S1, assuming the brushless air-core pulse generator excitation side and the power generation side of the pole pair number is p1 and p2, the rotor speed is ω r When the DC excitation stator winding L2 passes through the DC current, the AC power generation stator winding L5 has an electric frequency of ω f2 =(p1+p2) / p2*ω r S2, based on the electric frequency of the AC power generation stator winding L5 obtained in S1, when the current emitted by the AC power generation stator winding L5 is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding L2, self-excitation charging is achieved.

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