Optical structure and method for generating controllable diffraction-free light beam array

Abstract

The invention provides an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array, and particularly relates to the technical field of medical imagines.The optical structure for generating the controllable non-diffraction light beam array comprises a self-focusing lens and a liquid crystal controller, the liquid crystal controller can control light transmission, a conical lens array is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal controller, and the conical lens array is arranged on the other side of the liquid crystal controller. The conical lens array comprises a plurality of conical lenses, a self-focusing lens is arranged on the other side of the liquid crystal controller, the self-focusing lens is fixedly connected with the liquid crystal controller, and an optical fiber and a connecting piece are further arranged on the side, away from the liquid crystal controller, of the self-focusing lens; laser generated by the optical fiber is converted into collimated light through the self-focusing lens, the liquid crystal controller and the conical lens in sequence and then converted into multiple non-diffraction light beams, the multiple non-diffraction light beams can be generated only through the single optical fiber, meanwhile, the liquid crystal controller controls light transmission to control flexible regulation and control of the non-diffraction light beams, and the application scene is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical imaging technology, and in particular to an optical structure and method for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array. Background Art

[0002] Diffraction-free beams have a wide range of applications in biomedical imaging, optical microscopy, optical manipulation, plasma, plasmon and optical communication. In biomedical imaging systems, diffraction-free beams can enable the system to have a high lateral resolution at a large depth, which can greatly improve the imaging quality. In optical microscopy, the application of multiphoton microscopy and light sheet fluorescence microscopy with diffraction-free beams can improve the axial detection range limited by the axial field of view, expand the imaging depth, and increase the detection speed. In the field of optical manipulation, diffraction-free beams have better particle spatial positioning capabilities, especially suitable for multi-particle manipulation, and can accurately guide and position particles. Diffraction-free beams can also be used to generate and manipulate metal surface plasmons. In the field of optical communications, diffraction-free beams can provide longer propagation distances and better transmission stability due to their small center of gravity spot diameter and zero divergence angle. In the field of precision collimation, the special propagation properties of diffraction-free beams can be used to high-precision position optical and mechanical components, and even achieve precise positioning at the nanoscale.

[0003] There are many methods for generating non-diffraction beams, including resonant cavity emission, spherical aberration method, cone lens method, metasurface technology and Fresnel zone plate method. The resonant cavity method uses a Fabry-Perot cavity, annular spatial filter and lens combination to pass the divergent Gaussian beam directly through the air layer Fabry-Perot cavity, and the parallel light emitted from the cavity is formed into a non-diffraction beam through the lens combination spatial filter; the spherical aberration method uses two spherical aberration lenses to generate a non-diffraction beam by precisely adjusting the distance between the two spherical aberration lenses; the cone lens method is to pass a plane wave through a cone lens to achieve interference superposition of light, thereby generating a non-diffraction beam; the metasurface technology realizes an adjustable optical wavefront through the interaction between light and a planar optical resonator array to generate a non-diffraction beam; the Fresnel zone plate forms a non-diffraction beam through optical elements based on the phenomenon of Fresnel zone diffraction. These methods of forming non-diffraction beams require the support of an optical system and have high requirements on the optical path. Therefore, they are more often carried out in a laboratory environment, which is not conducive to multi-scenario applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the method of generating non-diffraction light beams in the prior art is not conducive to multi-scenario applications, the present invention proposes an optical structure and method for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention proposes an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array, comprising a self-focusing lens and a liquid crystal controller, wherein:

[0007] The liquid crystal controller can control light transmission. A conical lens array is provided on one side of the liquid crystal controller. The conical lens array includes a plurality of conical lenses. The plane parts of the plurality of conical lenses are fixed on one side of the liquid crystal controller.

[0008] A self-focusing lens is provided on the other side of the liquid crystal controller, and the self-focusing lens is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal controller. An optical fiber and a connecting piece are also provided on the side of the self-focusing lens away from the liquid crystal controller, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal controller. The connecting piece is provided with a connecting hole, and the outer wall of the optical fiber is fixedly connected to the connecting hole, and the optical fiber is aligned with the axis of the self-focusing lens;

[0009] A connecting tube is also provided on the outside of the liquid crystal controller, and the connecting piece and the self-focusing lens are sealed inside the connecting tube. The connecting piece, the self-focusing lens and the liquid crystal display are aligned and fixed.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid crystal controller includes a front panel module, a liquid crystal layer and a rear panel module, wherein the liquid crystal module is located between the front panel module and the rear panel module, one side of the front panel module is fixedly connected to the self-focusing lens, and the other side is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer, and one side of the rear panel module is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer, and the other side is fixedly connected to the conical lens.

[0011] Furthermore, the front panel module includes a first glass plate and a first transparent electrode, and the rear panel module includes a second glass plate and a second transparent electrode, the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are respectively located on both sides of the liquid crystal layer and fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer, and the first glass plate and the second glass plate are located on the side of the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the second transparent electrode includes a plurality of source wires and a plurality of gate wires, and the plurality of source wires and the plurality of gate wires are arranged horizontally and vertically on the first glass plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of pixel units, and the source wire and the gate wire separate the plurality of pixel units.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a field effect transistor, the gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the gate wire, the source of the gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the source wire, and the drain of the field effect transistor is connected to the pixel unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the gate wire is connected to a gate driver, and the source wire is connected to a source driver.

[0016] Furthermore, the length of the non-diffraction beam Z generated by the incident parallel light after conversion by the axicon is max for:

[0017]

[0018] Where: θ is the wave vector angle of the non-diffracted light beam after the axicon conversion, w is the beam aperture of the incident parallel light;

[0019]

[0020] in: is the cone angle of the axicon, n a is the refractive index of the axicon.

[0021] Furthermore, insulating material is coated between the source electrode line, the gate wire and the self-focusing lens, the connecting tube is a polyimide thin-walled tube, and the connecting piece is a stainless steel tube sleeve.

[0022] Furthermore, a method for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0023] The laser transmitted by the optical fiber is shaped into collimated parallel light by a self-focusing lens, and then the light-transmitting area is controlled by a liquid crystal controller. Finally, the parallel light is formed into multiple non-diffraction light beams through a conical lens.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array proposed in the present invention can simultaneously generate multiple non-diffraction light beams through a single optical fiber. At the same time, the generation order and form of a single light beam can be precisely controlled through a liquid crystal controller, making the application scenarios of the optical system more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The overall structure diagram of the optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A structural diagram of an aconic lens of an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal controller and a self-focusing lens structure of an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4A structural diagram of a first glass plate and a conical lens of an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A plan view of a pixel unit structure of an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the internal structure of a liquid crystal controller of the optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to the present invention;

[0032] The reference numerals are as follows: self-focusing lens 1, liquid crystal controller 2, front panel module 21, first glass plate 211, first transparent electrode 212, liquid crystal layer 22, pixel unit 221, field effect transistor 222, rear panel module 23, second glass plate 231, second transparent electrode 232, gate wire 2321, source wire 2322, optical fiber 3, connecting tube 4, connecting member 5, conical lens 6, gate driver 7, source driver 8;

[0033] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention proposes an optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array, comprising a self-focusing lens 1 and a liquid crystal controller 2, wherein:

[0036] The liquid crystal controller 2 can control light transmission. An array of aconic lenses 6 is provided on one side of the liquid crystal controller 2. The array of aconic lenses 6 includes a plurality of aconic lenses 6. The plane portions of the plurality of aconic lenses 6 are fixed on one side of the liquid crystal controller 2.

[0037] A self-focusing lens 1 is provided on the other side of the liquid crystal controller 2, and the self-focusing lens 1 is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal controller 2. An optical fiber 3 and a connector 5 are also provided on the side of the self-focusing lens 1 away from the liquid crystal controller 2. The connector 5 is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal controller 2, and the connector 5 is provided with a connecting hole. The outer wall of the optical fiber 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting hole, and the optical fiber 3 is aligned with the axis of the self-focusing lens 1;

[0038] A connecting tube 4 is also provided outside the liquid crystal controller 2. The connecting tube 4 seals the connecting piece 5 and the self-focusing lens 1 inside the connecting tube 4. The connecting piece 5, the self-focusing lens 1 and the liquid crystal display are aligned and fixed.

[0039] In this embodiment:

[0040] The liquid crystal controller 2 is used to control the light output;

[0041] The self-focusing lens 1 is used to convert collimated parallel light;

[0042] The axicon 6 is used to form a non-diffraction light beam;

[0043] The optical fiber 3 is used for emitting light;

[0044] The connector 5 is used to fix the optical fiber 3;

[0045] The connecting tube 4 is used to fix the liquid crystal controller 2, the self-focusing lens 1 and the connecting piece 5;

[0046] Specifically, the connecting hole of the connector 5 is located at the center of the connector 5, and the light can just be inserted into the connecting hole. The liquid crystal controller 2, the self-focusing lens 1 and the optical fiber 3 are kept aligned and fixed under the closure of the connecting tube 4. The optical fiber 3 is aligned with the axis of the self-focusing lens 1 and the center of the liquid crystal controller 2. The laser is transmitted to the self-focusing lens 1 through the light and is shaped into collimated parallel light. The light transmission is then controlled by the liquid crystal controller 2, and finally a specific non-diffraction light beam is generated through the corresponding array of conical lenses 6. The device provided by the present invention can use one optical fiber 3 to generate multiple non-diffraction light beams, and can also accurately control the generation order and form of a single light beam. Finally, the present invention only needs one optical fiber 3 to generate multiple non-diffraction light beams, which has more application scenarios and is conducive to integration in small systems.

[0047] Further, the liquid crystal controller 2 includes a front panel module 21, a liquid crystal layer 22 and a rear panel module 23, wherein the liquid crystal module is located between the front panel module 21 and the rear panel module 23, one side of the front panel module 21 is fixedly connected to the self-focusing lens 1, and the other side is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer 22, and one side of the rear panel module 23 is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer 22, and the other side is fixedly connected to the axle lens 6;

[0048] The front panel module 21 includes a first glass plate 211 and a first transparent electrode 212, and the rear panel module 23 includes a second glass plate 231 and a second transparent electrode 232. The first transparent electrode 212 and the second transparent electrode 232 are respectively located on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 22 and are fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer 22. The first glass plate 211 and the second glass plate 231 are located on the side of the first transparent electrode 212 and the second transparent electrode 232 away from the liquid crystal layer 22.

[0049] In this embodiment:

[0050] The first glass plate 211 and the second glass plate 231 are used to provide an isolated light-transmitting structure;

[0051] The first transparent electrode 212 and the second transparent electrode 232 are used to change the direction of the liquid crystal layer 22 when energized;

[0052] Specifically, the front panel module 21 and the rear panel module 23 are respectively located on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 22. The first transparent electrode 212 and the first glass plate 211 are sequentially attached to one side of the liquid crystal layer 22, and the second electrode and the second glass plate 231 are sequentially attached to the other side. The front panel module 21 and the rear panel module 23 are powered on to control the array steering of the liquid crystal layer 22, further controlling the light output of the area to achieve the purpose of regulating the Bessel light beam.

[0053] In one embodiment, the liquid crystal controller 2 can be formed by depositing a transparent conductive film on the first glass plate 211 and the second glass plate 231, and then performing photolithography, etching, depositing the first transparent electrode 212 and the second transparent electrode 232, and finally injecting liquid crystal to form the structure of the liquid crystal controller 2 on the end face of the self-focusing lens 1.

[0054] Furthermore, the second transparent electrode 232 includes a plurality of source wires 2322 and a plurality of gate wires 2321, and the plurality of source wires 2322 and the plurality of gate wires 2321 are arranged horizontally and vertically on the first glass plate 211;

[0055] The liquid crystal layer 22 includes a plurality of pixel units 221 , and the source wires 2322 and the gate wires 2321 separate the plurality of pixel units 221 ;

[0056] It also includes a field effect transistor 222 , the gate of the field effect transistor 222 is connected to the gate wire 2321 , the source of the gate of the field effect transistor 222 is connected to the source wire 2322 , and the drain of the field effect transistor 222 is connected to the pixel unit 221 .

[0057] In this embodiment:

[0058] The gate wire 2321 is an X electrode, and the source wire 2322 is a Y electrode;

[0059] The X electrode and the Y electrode are connected to the pixel unit 221 through the effect transistor and determine whether to emit light;

[0060] Field effect transistor 222 is used to control on and off;

[0061] Specifically, a plurality of source wires 2322 and a plurality of gate wires 2321 are distributed on the second glass plate 231. The plurality of source wires 2322 and the plurality of gate wires 2321 are insulated from each other and are in a tic-tac-toe shape and are divided into a plurality of regions. A pixel unit 221 is placed in each region. The function of the effect transistor is equivalent to a switch tube. By applying a positive bias voltage or a negative voltage to the X electrode and the Y electrode, the conduction and medium of the effect transistor are controlled. When a high level is applied to the gate of a certain pixel unit 221 and a low level is applied to the source, when the X electrode and the Y electrode are positively biased, the pixel unit 221 is turned on, and the pixel unit 221 is turned off. The liquid crystal molecules of the element 221 will be rearranged according to the direction of the electric field, causing the polarization direction of the light to change, so that the pixel unit 221 emits light. At this time, the gates connected to other pixel units 221 are at a low level, the sources are at a high level, the field effect transistors 222 are disconnected, the electric field is cut off, and the liquid crystal molecules maintain their original arrangement state, that is, other pixel units 221 do not emit light. Through the combination of different field effect transistors 222, each pixel unit 221 of the liquid crystal layer 22 can be accurately controlled, so as to control one or several pixel unit 221 areas to emit light and regulate the Bessel beam array.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first transparent electrode 212 is a common electrode of the pixel unit 221, the second transparent electrode 232 is a gate wire 2321 and a source wire 2322, each pixel unit 221 is controlled by the common electrode, the gate wire 2321 (X electrode) and the source wire 2322 (Y electrode), each pixel unit 221 corresponds to each conical lens 6 one by one, the second transparent electrode 232 can be made on the second glass plate 231 by printing to connect two horizontal and vertical wires (i.e., the gate wire 2321 and the source wire 2322) of the field effect transistor 222, the two horizontal and vertical wires connect the field effect transistor 222 to form a matrix structure, the number of pixel units 221 can also be selected and set according to actual conditions, which can be nine or other numbers.

[0063] Furthermore, the gate wire 2321 is connected to the gate driver 7 , and the source wire 2322 is connected to the source driver 8 .

[0064] In this embodiment:

[0065] The gate driver 7 and the source driver 8 are used to control the low level and high level of different electrodes;

[0066] Specifically, the gate wire 2321 and the source wire 2322 are led out to the outside through the outer wall of the self-focusing lens 1 and the outer wall of the connector 5 by means of side wall leads. The high level and low level of the gate and the source are controlled by the gate driver 7 and the source driver 8 respectively, so as to control the specific pixel unit 221 and control the light transmittance of the pixel unit 221.

[0067] Furthermore, the length of the non-diffraction beam Z generated by the incident parallel light after conversion by the axicon 6 is max for:

[0068]

[0069] Where: θ is the wave vector angle of the non-diffracted light beam after conversion by the axicon 6, and w is the beam aperture of the incident parallel light;

[0070]

[0071] in: is the cone angle of the axicon 6, n a is the refractive index of the axicon 6.

[0072] In this embodiment:

[0073] The cone angle of the axicon 6 and the width of the incident light book can adjust the length of the non-diffraction light beam.

[0074] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , the cone angle of the axicon 6 is The beam aperture of the incident parallel light is w, and the refractive index of the axon 6 is n a The light is converted by the plane of the axicon 6, and a non-diffraction light beam with a wave vector angle of θ is emitted from the conical surface of the axicon 6. The non-diffraction distance of the light beam is Z max Depending on the cone angle of the conical lens 6 and the width of the incident light beam, the length of the non-diffraction light beam can be controlled by adjusting the cone angle of the conical lens 6 and the incident light beam aperture (i.e., the width of the incident parallel light), that is, conical lenses 6 with different cone angles can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0075] Furthermore, insulating material is coated between the source electrode line, the gate wire 2321 and the self-focusing lens 1, the connecting tube 4 is a polyimide thin-walled tube, and the connecting piece 5 is a stainless steel tube sleeve.

[0076] Specifically, the insulating material is used to isolate the grid and the lens, and the inner wall of the connecting tube 4 fits exactly with the inner wall of the connecting piece 5, thereby fixing the optical fiber 3 in the center. The materials of the connecting tube 4 and the connecting piece 5 can also be selected from other materials according to actual conditions.

[0077] Furthermore, a method for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0078] The laser transmitted by the optical fiber 3 is shaped into collimated parallel light by the self-focusing lens 1, and then the light-transmitting area is controlled by the liquid crystal controller 2. Finally, the parallel light transmitted is formed into multiple non-diffraction light beams through the conical lens 6.

[0079] Specifically, after the laser passes through the self-focusing lens 1 to form collimated parallel light,

[0080] Of course, the present invention may have many other implementations. Based on this implementation, other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without any creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array, characterized in that: The invention comprises a self-focusing lens and a liquid crystal controller, wherein: The liquid crystal controller can control light transmission. A conical lens array is provided on one side of the liquid crystal controller. The conical lens array includes a plurality of conical lenses. The plane parts of the plurality of conical lenses are fixed on one side of the liquid crystal controller. A self-focusing lens is provided on the other side of the liquid crystal controller, and the self-focusing lens is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal controller. An optical fiber and a connecting piece are also provided on the side of the self-focusing lens away from the liquid crystal controller, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal controller. The connecting piece is provided with a connecting hole, and the outer wall of the optical fiber is fixedly connected to the connecting hole, and the optical fiber is aligned with the axis of the self-focusing lens; A connecting tube is also provided on the outside of the liquid crystal controller, and the connecting piece and the self-focusing lens are sealed inside the connecting tube. The connecting piece, the self-focusing lens and the liquid crystal display are aligned and fixed.

2. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid crystal controller includes a front panel module, a liquid crystal layer and a rear panel module, wherein the liquid crystal module is located between the front panel module and the rear panel module, one side of the front panel module is fixedly connected to the self-focusing lens, and the other side is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer, and one side of the rear panel module is fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer, and the other side is fixedly connected to the conical lens.

3. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front panel module includes a first glass plate and a first transparent electrode, and the rear panel module includes a second glass plate and a second transparent electrode. The first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are respectively located on both sides of the liquid crystal layer and are fixedly connected to the liquid crystal layer. The first glass plate and the second glass plate are located on the side of the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode away from the liquid crystal layer.

4. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second transparent electrode includes a plurality of source wires and a plurality of gate wires, and the plurality of source wires and the plurality of gate wires are arranged horizontally and vertically on the first glass plate.

5. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of pixel units, and the source wire and the gate wire separate the plurality of pixel units.

6. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a field effect transistor, wherein the gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the gate wire, the source of the gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the source wire, and the drain of the field effect transistor is connected to the pixel unit.

7. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gate wire is connected to a gate driver, and the source wire is connected to a source driver.

8. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the non-diffraction beam Z generated by the incident parallel light after conversion by the axicon max for: Where: θ is the wave vector angle of the non-diffracted light beam after the axicon conversion, w is the beam aperture of the incident parallel light; in: is the cone angle of the axicon, n a is the refractive index of the axicon.

9. The optical structure for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claim 3, characterized in that: Insulating material is coated between the source electrode line, the gate wire and the self-focusing lens, the connecting tube is a polyimide thin-wall tube, and the connecting piece is a stainless steel tube sleeve.

10. A method for generating a controllable non-diffraction light beam array according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The laser transmitted by the optical fiber is shaped into collimated parallel light by a self-focusing lens, and then the light-transmitting area is controlled by a liquid crystal controller. Finally, the parallel light is formed into multiple non-diffraction light beams through a conical lens.

Images