Deep foundation pit inner support construction device and installation and early warning method

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep foundation pit inner support construction device and an installation and early warning method. The device is composed of a hollow supporting pipe, sliding lining pipes, a supporting rod, a supporting rod and a supporting rod, wherein the sliding lining pipes are arranged at two ends of the supporting pipe; the supporting seat is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the liner tube, the functional cover is vertically and fixedly arranged above the middle part of the supporting tube, the threaded seat is arranged on the functional cover, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the threaded seat, the conical seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the screw rod, and the adjusting hand wheel is arranged at the top end of the screw rod; the V-shaped inclined opening is formed in the radial direction of the bottom of the conical seat at the combined part of the two jacking columns; the tension spring is jointly mounted in the two cavity channels; the detection assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the functional cover on the stay tube; the detection assembly is used for early warning deformation or collapse of the side wall of the deep foundation pit supported by the supporting seat; when the conical base descends and extrudes the V-shaped bevel opening, the jacking columns are pushed to move left and right, the two jacking columns are connected through the tension spring, when the pit wall is loosened, automatic resetting is achieved, and supporting failure is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of foundation pit support, and in particular relates to a support construction device in a deep foundation pit and an installation and early warning method. Background Art

[0002] A deep foundation pit is a building structure that appears after construction. The supporting construction device used in a deep foundation pit is also called a foundation pit support. Foundation pit support is a support, reinforcement and protection measure for the side walls of the foundation pit and the surrounding environment to ensure the safety of underground structure construction and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit. Before foundation construction, geological exploration must be carried out and the underground pipeline conditions must be understood, and a special construction plan must be prepared based on the soil conditions and foundation depth.

[0003] Base pipe support is a common support scheme for deep foundation pits. Existing base pipe supports either cannot adjust their length, and the tension force cannot be adjusted when the two ends are supported on the two walls of the deep foundation pit, or they lack detection functions. When the two walls of the deep foundation pit generate stress at both ends of the base pipe, the risk of foundation pit deformation cannot be warned. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a support construction device in a deep foundation pit and an installation and early warning method.

[0005] The first technical solution of the present invention is the support construction device in the deep foundation pit, which is special in that it consists of a support tube with a hollow interior, sliding liners respectively sleeved at both ends of the support tube, a support seat that blocks the end of the liner, a functional cover radially and vertically fixed in the middle of the support tube, a threaded seat installed on the functional cover, a screw threadedly connected to the threaded seat, a conical seat fixed at the bottom of the screw, an adjustment handwheel installed at the top of the screw, a pair of top columns corresponding to the axis fixed in the tube cavity of the liner and the support tube, a cavity that passes through along the same axis in the two top columns, a V-shaped bevel radially arranged at the bottom of the conical seat at the junction of the two top columns, and a conical pressure surface is arranged at the side end of the conical seat; a tension spring installed together in the two cavities, and a detection component symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the functional cover on the support tube; the detection component is used to warn of deformation or collapse of the side wall of the deep foundation pit supported by the support seat; when the conical seat descends and squeezes the V-shaped bevel, it pushes the top column to move left and right, and the tension spring provides a reset elastic force, and the two top columns are connected by the tension spring.

[0006] Preferably: the detection component consists of a tooth surface opened on the peripheral wall of the top column, a gear meshing on the tooth surface, a detection shaft fixedly arranged on the gear axis and vertically penetrating the support tube and installed on the outer peripheral wall of the support tube through a bearing, a rocker connected to the end of the detection shaft, a bending portion connected to the end of the rocker that bends upward and then bends toward the upper side of the support tube, a detection cover connected to the end of the bending portion, an angle detection plate arranged on the outer end surface of the bearing, and an angle indicator line engraved on the angle detection plate; the bending portion on the left rocker is inclined in the upper left direction, and the bending portion on the right rocker is inclined in the upper right direction; the rocker is equivalent to an indicator needle located on the outside of the angle detection plate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment: the circumferential wall of the detection cover is provided with an involute motion groove, and the rotation center of the involute motion groove is located on the axis of the detection shaft; the circumferential wall located at the bottom of the involute motion groove radially and vertically penetrates the rotating shaft, the detection plate located in the detection cover, the support tube wall is provided with a fixing plate, a driving rod is fixed on the fixing plate, a cam plate fixed at the extended end of the driving rod and located in the detection cover, the outer edge surface of the cam plate contacts the outer side surface of the detection plate, the detection cover rotates with the rocker arm, the driving rod drives the cam plate to roll the detection plate through the involute groove, and under the rolling action of the cam plate, the detection plate is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover, a motion space is left between the cavity bottom of the detection cover and the detection plate, and a detection hole is provided at one end of the cavity bottom of the detection cover; the detection plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, when the detection cover rotates with the rocker arm, the driving rod slides in the involute groove, the cam plate gradually approaches the cavity bottom of the detection cover, the cam plate rolls the detection plate, and the detection plate rotates on the rotating shaft, so that the detection plate is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover.

[0008] Preferably, the inner side of the detection plate is connected to a push rod, the free end of the push rod passes through a detection hole provided in the wall of the bottom of the detection cover cavity and extends to the outside of the detection cover, the inner end of the push rod is hinged on the detection plate, a plurality of leakage holes are provided in the length direction of the push rod, when the detection plate deflects with the push rod toward one end of the bottom of the detection cover cavity, the leakage holes on the push rod are exposed outside the bottom of the detection cover cavity, and the leakage holes of the push rod are exposed only when the detection plate is deflected, thereby ensuring that the early warning signal is synchronized with the displacement.

[0009] The second technical solution of the present invention is the installation and early warning method of the support construction device in the deep foundation pit, which is special in that it includes the following steps: ⑴ Place the construction device in the deep foundation pit, with the supports on both sides against the wooden boards on the pit wall; (2) Turn the hand wheel to drive the screw to rotate, and the screw drives the conical seat to descend, squeeze the top column bevel, push the support seat to move to both sides, and tighten the supporting structure; ⑶ When the soil on the left wall of the deep foundation pit is deformed or collapsed, the left-end wooden board moves with the support seat. When it moves to the right, the left-end support seat pushes the left-end top column to move right and loosen, and the left-end top column drives the left-side tooth surface to move right, and the left-side tooth surface drives the left-side gear to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side gear drives the left-side detection shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side detection shaft drives the left-side swing rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side swing rod drives the left-side detection cover to rotate counterclockwise upward. At this time, the swing rod rotates counterclockwise with the bending part, and the angle of the bending part relative to the left angle detection plate changes; ⑷As the left end support seat moves to the left, the left tooth surface drives the left gear to rotate clockwise, and the left gear drives the left detection shaft to rotate clockwise, and the left detection shaft drives the left swing rod to rotate clockwise, and the left swing rod drives the left detection cover to rotate upward clockwise, at this time, the swing rod rotates clockwise with the bending part, so that the left bending part stops at an angle of the left angle detection plate, and the angle α is recorded; similarly; when the top column on the right moves to the right, the support seat at the right end is supported and fastened to the right wooden board, so that the right wooden board is fastened to the right wall surface of the deep foundation pit, as the right end support seat moves to the right, the right tooth surface is also used to drive the right gear to rotate counterclockwise, and the right gear drives the right detection shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and the right detection shaft drives the right swing rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the right swing rod drives the right detection cover to rotate upward counterclockwise, and at this time, the swing rod rotates counterclockwise with the bending part, so that the right bending part stops at an angle of the right angle detection plate, and the angle α1 is recorded; ⑸ When the pit wall is loose, the top column moves in the opposite direction, the tooth surface drives the gear to rotate, and the angle of the swing arm is offset. According to the degree of change in the angle α, an early warning is given of soil deformation or collapse on the left wall of the deep foundation pit; when the soil on the right wall of the deep foundation pit is deformed or collapsed, the right-end wooden board will move with the support seat. When the right-end wooden board moves to the left, the right-end support seat will push the right-end top column to move left and loosen, and the right-end top column drives the right-side tooth surface to move left, and the right-side tooth surface drives the right-side gear to rotate clockwise, and the right-side gear drives the right-side detection shaft to rotate clockwise, and the right-side detection shaft drives the right-side swing arm to rotate clockwise, and the right-side swing arm drives the right-side detection cover to rotate upward clockwise, and the swing arm drives the bending part to rotate clockwise. At this time, the right-side bending part changes its angle relative to the right-side angle detection plate, that is, the angle α1 changes. According to the degree of change in the angle α1, an early warning is given of soil deformation or collapse on the right wall of the deep foundation pit, and an alarm is given through the angle detection plate; (6) The detection cover rotates with the rocker arm, and the driving rod drives the cam plate to roll over the detection plate through the involute groove. The push rod extends outward, and fine soil leaks out of the leakage hole, triggering the secondary warning.

[0010] As preferred: the step (1) further comprises: (1.1) Place wooden boards on the left wall of the deep foundation pit and place wooden boards on the right wall of the deep foundation pit; (1.2) Place the supporting construction device into the deep foundation pit, with the left end support seat against the left wooden board to support the left wall of the deep foundation pit, and the right end support seat against the right wooden board to support the right wall of the deep foundation pit.

[0011] As a preference: the step (2) further comprises: (2.1) The conical seat descends with the conical pressure surface, and the conical pressure surface enters the inclined opening. By utilizing the extrusion relationship of the inclined surface, the top column on the left is pushed to move leftward, and the top column on the right is pushed to move rightward. The tension spring elastically stretches, and the top column on the left pushes the support seat on the left to move leftward and is fastened to the wooden board on the left. The wooden board on the left provides support force to the left wall of the deep foundation pit. The top column on the right pushes the support seat on the right to move rightward and is fastened to the wooden board on the right. The wooden board on the right provides support force to the right wall of the deep foundation pit, thereby improving the support strength and preventing the left and right pit walls from collapsing. (2.2) By adjusting the hand wheel and tightening the left and right top columns, the support strength acting on the left and right walls of the deep foundation pit can be further improved, thereby meeting the needs of deep foundation pit supports of various widths.

[0012] As an example, the step (6) further comprises: (6.1) The involute motion groove rotates with the detection cover, and the involute motion groove is angularly deflected relative to the driving rod according to its involute profile; (6.2) The detection cover drives the rotating shaft to deflect, and the rotating shaft drives the detection plate to deflect relative to the cam plate, and the detection plate is rolled by the cam plate. Under the rolling action of the cam plate, the detection plate is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover; (6.3) When the detection plate is deflected relative to the bottom of the detection cover cavity, the push rod is pushed by the hinge relationship, so that the push rod extends along the detection hole to the outside of the detection cover. Once the leakage hole is exposed outside the detection cover at the bottom of the cavity due to the pushing action of the push rod, some fine soil leaks through the leakage hole to the outside of the detection cover wall. According to the leakage status, further early warning judgment is made on the loose soil condition on the wall of the deep foundation pit.

[0013] The third technical solution of the present invention is the hydraulically driven and electronically sensed intelligent deep foundation pit support construction device, which is special in that it consists of an internal hollow support pipe, sliding liners respectively sleeved at both ends of the support pipe, a support seat fixed at the end of the liner, a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder radially and vertically arranged in the middle of the support pipe, a multi-parameter sensor integration embedded in the inner surface of the support seat, and a proportional valve; the multi-parameter sensor integration and the proportional valve are used to dynamically adjust the output force of the hydraulic cylinder according to the real-time pressure of the foundation pit wall to ensure uniform distribution of the support force; in the event of power failure or system failure, the hydraulic cylinder automatically locks to maintain the current support force; when the foundation pit wall undergoes a slight displacement, the hydraulic system automatically compensates for the support force to prevent collapse; The multi-parameter sensor integration includes strain gauges embedded on the inner surface of the support for monitoring local stress changes in the foundation pit wall and / or displacement sensors for real-time measurement of horizontal displacement of the foundation pit wall and / or inclination sensors for detecting changes in the tilt angle of the support pipe. Early warnings are issued through electronic signals, and sensor data is transmitted to the cloud platform through LoRa or 5G modules. Construction personnel can view the status of the foundation pit in real time through mobile phones or computers and receive early warning information; when the displacement or stress exceeds the preset safety threshold, the hydraulic system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification; after the early warning is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder automatically increases the pressure on one side of the risk area to compensate for loose soil; at the same time, the remote platform notifies personnel to evacuate or reinforce; The support pipe is spliced ​​with standard segments and connected by flanges to meet the width requirements of different deep foundation pits; The support seat and liner are connected by snap-on connection, which supports quick replacement or adjustment of the support angle; Each fixed axis in the lumen of the liner and the support pipe corresponds to a pair of top columns, a cavity with the same axis and passing through is set in the two top columns, and a spring group is installed in the two cavities. When the spring group is displaced to a stress exceeding a preset safety threshold, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification.

[0014] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is the installation and early warning method of the intelligent deep foundation pit support construction device, which is special in that it includes the following steps: ⑴ Installation and initial pressurization: Place the construction device horizontally in the foundation pit, with the support close to the foundation pit wall; (2) Start the hydraulic pump station, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder pushes the liner pipes on both sides to expand outward until the preset initial pressure is reached; ⑶ Dynamic adjustment and early warning: strain gauges and displacement sensors collect data in real time, and the system automatically adjusts the pressure based on feedback; (4) If the displacement on one side exceeds the threshold, the system will immediately alarm and mark the risk area; ⑸ Emergency response: After the early warning is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder automatically increases the pressure on one side of the risk area to compensate for the loosening of the soil; at the same time, the remote platform notifies personnel to evacuate or reinforce.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) When the present invention is used, the hand wheel is turned, and the hand wheel drives the screw to rotate, the screw will descend along the threaded seat, and the screw drives the conical seat to descend, and the conical seat descends with the conical pressure surface, and the conical pressure surface enters the inclined mouth, and the inclined surface extrusion relationship is used to push the top column on the left to move left, and the top column on the right to move right, and the tension spring elastically stretches, and the top column on the left pushes the support seat on the left to move left and is fastened to the left wooden board, and the left wooden board provides support force to the left wall of the deep foundation pit, and the top column on the right pushes the support seat on the right to move right and is fastened to the right wooden board, and the right wooden board provides support force to the right wall of the deep foundation pit, thereby improving the support strength and avoiding the left and right pit walls from collapsing. By adjusting the hand wheel and adjusting the tightening method of the left and right top columns by the hand wheel, the support strength acting on the left and right walls of the deep foundation pit is further improved, thereby meeting the support of deep foundation pits of various widths and being more flexible to use. The present invention realizes left-right movement adjustment of the support seat through the inclined surface extrusion relationship between the screw rod, the conical seat and the inclined opening of the top column, enhances the supporting strength, and adapts to deep foundation pits of different widths.

[0016] ⑵In addition to the adjustment and locking function, the present invention also has an early warning function. Tooth surfaces are set on the left and right top rods, gears are set through the tooth surfaces, a swing rod is set at the outer end of the gear, and an angle detection plate is set relative to the swing rod. When the two pit walls of the deep foundation pit are loose or collapsed, the two top rods move relative to each other. Even if the movement amplitude is low, the gears are driven to rotate by the tooth surfaces, and the swing rod is driven by the gears to change the angle relative to the angle detection plate. The deformation or collapse of the soil on the right wall of the deep foundation pit is warned according to the degree of angle change. Compared with the prior art, when the present invention is used as a support for the deep foundation pit, it not only has the beneficial characteristics of adjustment and locking, but also has the characteristics of early warning. According to the early warning, the potential safety hazards during construction will disappear in the bud. From a structural point of view, the early warning function and the adjustment and locking function are combined together. At the same time, the early warning principle of the early warning function utilizes the adjustment principle structure of the adjustment and locking function. As long as the two pit walls of the deep foundation pit are slightly loose, the angle α1 and the angle α will change, and the early warning is sensitive. The present invention utilizes the tooth surface on the top column to work in conjunction with the gear, combined with a swing arm and an angle detection plate, to monitor the tiny displacement (angle change) of the deep foundation pit wall in real time and achieve early warning.

[0017] ⑶ The multifunctional integration of the intelligent hydraulic deep foundation pit support device of the present invention: adjustment, locking, and early warning are integrated to reduce the complexity of the equipment. High sensitivity: a small displacement (0.1° angle change or a small amount of soil leakage) can trigger an early warning. Mechanical reliability: no reliance on electronic components, suitable for harsh construction environments. Wide adaptability: the support seat has a large adjustable range and is suitable for deep foundation pit support of different widths and inclinations.

[0018] ⑷ Structural coupling of the present invention: The triggering movement of the early warning function does not require additional sensors, which simplifies the system and improves sensitivity. The dual early warning mechanism of the present invention: Angle change early warning: The deformation a and a1 of the deep foundation pit wall change to more intuitively display the risk level. Soil leakage early warning: When the push rod in the detection cover deflects with the swing arm, it provides a secondary early warning through physical phenomena (soil leakage) to enhance reliability.

[0019] ⑸ The involute motion groove of the present invention is designed to be linked with the cam plate. The involute motion groove cooperates with the driving rod to convert the rotational motion of the swing rod into the deflection of the detection plate, triggering the linear displacement of the push rod to achieve mechanical linkage warning. The design of the cam plate rolling the detection plate ensures the synchronization of the exposure of the push rod leakage hole and the leakage of fine soil, and improves the accuracy of the warning response.

[0020] (6) Elastic reset and stable guidance of the present invention: The tension spring connects the two top columns, automatically resets the top column position when the deep foundation pit wall loosens, and maintains the support stability. The liner and the inner wall of the support pipe slide together to ensure stable guidance when the support seat moves and avoid deflection.

[0021] ⑺Advantage comparison:

[0022] ⑻The present invention improves safety: through real-time data monitoring and automatic compensation, the risk of collapse is minimized. Quick response: The hydraulic drive can achieve millisecond-level response. When the foundation pit wall undergoes a slight displacement, the system automatically compensates for the support force to prevent collapse.

[0023] ⑼ The invention optimizes construction efficiency: reduces manual intervention and shortens support installation time by more than 30%. Enhanced adaptability: The modular design can cover deep foundation pit projects with a width of 520 meters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the support construction device in the deep foundation pit of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The derived top view plan diagram; Figure 3 Is Figure 2 The plane diagram of A after being cut open is shown; Figure 4 Is Figure 1 The main view plane diagram is drawn; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a partially cutaway support construction device in a deep foundation pit according to the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partially cutaway support construction device in a deep foundation pit; Figure 7 Is Figure 5 A schematic diagram from another perspective; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the deep foundation pit support construction device of the present invention after only the detection cover is cut open; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperative operation process of the cam plate, the detection plate, the driving rod and the involute motion groove of the present invention.

[0025] Main component symbols: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Figures 1 to 9 A first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the support construction device in the deep foundation pit includes a support pipe 1, an opening 2 is opened above the middle of the support pipe 1, a functional cover 3 is installed on the opening 2, a threaded seat 4 is installed on the functional cover 3, a screw 5 is installed on the threaded seat 4, a hand wheel 6 is installed on the top of the screw 5, and a conical seat 7 is installed on the bottom of the screw 5. Lining pipes 8 are provided at both ends of the tube cavity of the support pipe 1, and a support seat 9 is installed at the end of each of the two liner pipes 8. A top column 1 is installed in the tube cavity of each of the two liner pipes 8. 0, the opposite ends of the two top columns 10 enter the functional cover 3 and contact each other, a cavity 11 is opened in the two top columns 10, the two cavities 11 are on the same straight line and communicate with each other left and right, a tension spring 12 is installed in the two cavities 11, an oblique opening 13 is opened at the opposite ends of the two top columns 10, the two oblique openings 13 are V-shaped openings, facing the bottom side of the conical seat 7, the bottom end of the conical seat 7 is provided with a conical pressure surface 14, the conical seat 7 is lowered into the oblique opening 13 and uses the conical pressure surface 14 to press the conical seat 7. When the surface 14 squeezes the left and right bevels 13, the left and right push columns 10 are pushed to move left and right relative to each other, and the left and right push columns 10 push the left and right lining tubes 8 to move left and right. Two groups of detection components 15 are provided on the support tube 1. The two detection components 15 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the functional cover 3. The left and right push columns 10 are provided with tooth surfaces 16. The detection component 15 includes a gear 17 meshing on the tooth surface 16 and a detection shaft 18 installed on the gear 17. Both ends of the detection shaft 18 are perpendicular and pass through the front and rear sides of the support tube 1, and are installed on the front and rear sides of the support tube 1 through bearings 21. A swing rod 19 is installed at one end of the detection shaft 18. The swing rod 19 is provided with a bending portion 20 which bends upward and then bends toward the upper inclined direction of the support tube 1. An angle detection plate 22 is provided on the outer end surface of the bearing 21. An angle indicator line is engraved on the angle detection plate 22. The swing rod 19 is equivalent to an indicator needle located on the outer side of the angle detection plate 22.

[0028] In this embodiment, the tube walls of the two liner tubes 8 are slidably fitted on the inner wall of the tube cavity of the support tube 1, and remain stable when moving left and right.

[0029] In this embodiment, the bent portion 20 on the left swing arm 19 is inclined toward the upper left direction of the support tube 1 , and the bent portion 20 on the right swing arm 19 is inclined toward the upper right direction of the support tube 1 .

[0030] In this embodiment, the detection component 15 also includes a detection cover 24 installed on the end of the swing rod 19, and the detection cover 24 is inclined along the inclination direction of the swing rod 19. The detection component 15 also includes a rotating shaft 25 arranged on the detection cover 24, and also includes a detection plate 26 fixed on the rotating shaft 25 and located in the detection cover 24. The detection cover 24 is provided with an involute motion groove 27. The detection component 15 also includes a fixed plate 28 fixed above the tube wall of the support tube 1, and also includes a driving rod 29 fixed on the fixed plate 28. The driving rod 29 extends vertically toward the direction of the detection cover 24 and is inserted into the detection cover 24 through the involute motion groove 27. The detection component 15 also includes a cam plate 30 fixed at the extended end of the driving rod 29 and located in the detection cover 24. The outer edge surface of the cam plate 30 contacts the outer side surface of the detection plate 26. When the swing rod 19 rotates with the detection cover 24, The detection plate 26 is rolled by the cam plate 30, and under the rolling action of the cam plate 30, the detection plate 26 is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24, and a movement space is left between the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24 and the detection plate 26. A detection hole 32 is opened at one end of the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24. The detection component 15 also includes a push rod 33 connected to the inner side of the detection plate 26, and the free end of the push rod 33 passes through the detection hole 32 to reach one end of the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24. The push rod 33 is a metal tube. The inner end of the push rod 33 is connected to the detection plate 26 in a hinged manner, and the outer end of the push rod 33 passes through the detection hole 32 to the outside of the detection cover 24. A plurality of leakage holes 34 are opened in the length direction of the push rod 33. When the detection plate 26 deflects toward one end of the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24 with the push rod 33, the leakage holes 34 on the push rod 33 are exposed outside the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24.

[0031] In this embodiment, the rotation center of the involute motion groove 27 is located on the axis of the detection shaft 18 .

[0032] The working principle and effect of the support construction device in the deep foundation pit: when in use, a wooden board is placed on the left wall of the deep foundation pit, and a wooden board is placed on the right wall of the deep foundation pit, and the support construction device is placed in the deep foundation pit, and the support seat 9 at the left end is pressed against the wooden board on the left side to support the left wall of the deep foundation pit, and the support seat 9 at the right end is pressed against the wooden board on the right side to support the right wall of the deep foundation pit, and the hand wheel 6 is turned, and the hand wheel 6 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate, and the screw rod 5 will descend along the threaded seat 4, and the screw rod 5 drives the conical seat 7 to descend, and the conical seat 7 with the conical pressure surface 1 4 descends, the conical pressure surface 14 enters the inclined opening 13, and by using the inclined surface extrusion relationship, the left top column 10 is pushed to move left, and the right top column 10 is pushed to move right. The tension spring 12 is elastically stretched, and the left top column 10 pushes the left support seat 9 to move left and is fastened to the left wooden board, and the left wooden board provides support force to the left wall of the deep foundation pit, and the right top column 10 pushes the right support seat 9 to move right and is fastened to the right wooden board, and the right wooden board provides support force to the right wall of the deep foundation pit, thereby improving the support strength and avoiding the collapse of the left and right pit walls. By adjusting the hand wheel 6 and adjusting the tightening method of the left and right top columns 10 by the hand wheel 6, the support strength acting on the left and right walls of the deep foundation pit is further improved, thereby meeting the support of deep foundation pits of various widths and being more flexible to use.

[0033] In addition, when the left top column 10 moves to the left, the left end support seat 9 is supported and fastened to the left wooden board, so that the left wooden board is fastened to the left wall of the deep foundation pit. As the left end support seat 9 moves to the left, the left tooth surface 16 is also used to drive the left gear 17 to rotate clockwise, and the left gear 17 drives the left detection shaft 18 to rotate clockwise, and the left detection shaft 18 drives the left swing rod 19 to rotate clockwise, and the left swing rod 19 drives the left detection cover 24 to rotate clockwise upward. At this time, the swing rod 19 rotates clockwise with the bending part 20, so that the left bending part 20 stops at an angle of the left angle detection plate 22, and the angle α is recorded. Similarly; when the top column 10 on the right side moves to the right, the support seat 9 on the right end is supported and fastened to the right wooden board, so that the right wooden board is fastened to the right wall of the deep foundation pit. As the support seat 9 on the right end moves to the right, the right tooth surface 16 will also be used to drive the right gear 17 to rotate counterclockwise, and the right gear 17 will drive the right detection shaft 18 to rotate counterclockwise, and the right detection shaft 18 will drive the right swing rod 19 to rotate counterclockwise, and the right swing rod 19 will drive the right detection cover 24 to rotate counterclockwise upward. At this time, the swing rod 19 rotates counterclockwise with the bending part 20, so that the right bending part 20 stops at an angle of the right angle detection plate 22, and the angle α1 is recorded.

[0034] The early warning method for soil deformation or collapse on both walls of a deep foundation pit uses the degree of change of angles α and angle α1 as the judging criteria. For example, when the soil on the left wall of the deep foundation pit is deformed or collapsed, the left-end wooden board will move with the support seat 9. When it moves to the right, the left-end support seat 9 will push the left-end top column 10 to move right and loosen. The left-end top column 10 drives the left-side tooth surface 16 to move right, and the left-side tooth surface 16 drives the left-side gear 17 to rotate counterclockwise. The left-side gear 17 drives the left-side detection shaft 18 to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side detection shaft 18 drives the left-side swing rod 19 to rotate counterclockwise. The left-side swing rod 19 drives the left-side detection cover 24 to rotate counterclockwise upward. At this time, the swing rod 19 rotates counterclockwise with the bending part 20. At this time, the bending part 20 changes its angle relative to the left angle detection plate 22, that is, the angle α changes. According to the degree of change in angle α, an early warning of soil deformation or collapse on the left wall of the deep foundation pit is given. For example, when the soil on the right wall of the deep foundation pit is deformed or collapsed, the right-end wooden board will move with the support seat 9. When the right-end wooden board moves to the left, the right-end support seat 9 will push the right-end top column 10 to move left and loosen, and the right-end top column 10 drives the right-side tooth surface 16 to move left, and the right-side tooth surface 16 drives the right-side gear 17 to rotate clockwise, and the right-side gear 17 drives the right-side detection shaft 18 to rotate clockwise, and the right-side detection shaft 18 drives the right-side swing rod 19 to rotate clockwise, and the right-side swing rod 19 drives the right-side detection cover 24 to rotate upward clockwise. At this time, the swing rod 19 rotates clockwise with the bending part 20. At this time, the angle of the right-side bending part 20 changes relative to the right-side angle detection plate 22, that is, the angle α1 changes. According to the degree of change of the angle α1, the deformation or collapse of the soil on the right wall of the deep foundation pit is warned. Compared with the prior art, when the present invention is used as a support for the deep foundation pit, it not only has the beneficial characteristics of adjustment and locking, but also has the characteristics of early warning. According to the early warning, the potential safety hazards during construction will disappear in the bud. Structurally, the early warning function and the adjustment and locking function are combined together. At the same time, the early warning principle of the early warning function utilizes the adjustment principle structure of the adjustment and locking function. As long as the two pit walls of the deep foundation pit are slightly loosened, the angles α1 and α will change, and the early warning is sensitive.

[0035] In another embodiment, due to the above-mentioned factors, the above-mentioned warning is suddenly triggered, resulting in the detection cover 24 rotating, and the involute motion groove 27 is also rotated with it. Since the rotation center of the involute motion groove 27 is located on the axis center of the detection shaft 18, and the driving rod 29 is inserted into the involute motion groove 27, when the involute motion groove 27 rotates with the detection cover 24, the involute motion groove 27 is also deflected at an angle relative to the driving rod 29 according to its involute profile, and the detection cover 24 deflects the rotating shaft 25, and the rotating shaft 25 deflects the detection plate 26 relative to the cam plate 30, and is crushed by the cam plate 30. Under the crushing action of the cam plate 30, the detection plate 26 is deflected relative to the bottom of the cavity of the detection cover 24, and a movement space is left between the bottom of the cavity of the detection cover 24 and the detection plate 26, and fine soil is added to the movement space in advance.

[0036] like Figure 8 As shown, a detection hole 32 is provided at one end of the bottom of the inner cavity of the detection cover 24, and the detection component 15 also includes a push rod 33 connected to the inner side of the detection plate 26. The push rod 33 is a pipe fitting, and the inner end of the push rod 33 is connected to the detection plate 26 by a hinged manner. The outer end of the push rod 33 reaches the outside of the detection cover 24 through the detection hole 32, and a leakage hole 34 connected to its lumen is also provided on the push rod 33. When the detection plate 26 deflects relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24, the hinge relationship will be used to push the push rod 33, so that the push rod 33 extends outward along the detection hole 32. Once the leakage hole 34 is exposed outside the cavity bottom of the detection cover 24 due to the pushing action of the push rod 33, part of the fine soil will leak out of the detection cover 24 through the leakage hole 34. According to this soil leakage state, further early warning judgment can be made on the loose soil condition on the wall of the deep foundation pit.

[0037] In this embodiment, the outer end face of the support seat 9 is a vertical plane, and can also be an inclined plane (determined by the inclination angle of the wall of the deep foundation pit after specific construction, and the figure is only a schematic diagram). When the support seat 9 is against the pit wall of the deep foundation pit, the supporting area is increased and the locking effect is improved.

[0038] In this embodiment, the tube wall of the liner 8 is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the tube cavity of the support tube 1. When the left and right support seats 9 move left and right, the liner 8 plays a guiding role along the tube wall of the support tube 1 to ensure that the left and right support seats 9 move smoothly.

[0039] In this embodiment, a hanging plate 23 is installed in each cavity 11 of the two top columns 10, and the hanging plate 23 is located at the inner end of the cavity 11. The two ends of the tension spring 12 are respectively hung on the two hanging plates 23. When the left and right top columns 10 move away from each other, the tension spring 12 stretches and becomes longer. When the left and right top columns 10 move toward each other, the tension spring 12 elastically shortens. That is, when the left and right pit walls of the deep foundation pit are deformed or the soil is loose, the tension spring 12 shortens and tightens, pulling the left and right top columns 10 back toward each other, and the two top columns 10 drive the tooth surface 16, and the tooth surface 16 drives the gear 17 to rotate automatically and effectively.

[0040] The second embodiment of the present invention:

[0041] A hydraulic system powered by a hydraulic pump station is vertically arranged above the middle of the support pipe 1. The hydraulic system is equipped with a pressure sensor and a proportional valve. The output power of the two-way hydraulic cylinder is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time pressure of the foundation pit wall to ensure that the supporting force is evenly distributed. In the event of power failure or system failure, the hydraulic cylinder is automatically locked to maintain the current supporting force. The support pipe is spliced ​​with standard segments and connected by flanges to meet the width requirements of different deep foundation pits. The support seat and the liner are connected by a snap-on type to support rapid replacement or adjustment of the support angle. The inner surface of the support seat is embedded with a strain gauge or a displacement sensor or a tilt sensor to monitor the local stress changes of the foundation pit wall in real time, and issue an early warning through an electronic signal. The sensor data is transmitted through L oRa or 5G module is used to transmit data to the cloud platform, and construction workers can view the status of the foundation pit in real time through mobile phones or computers, and receive early warning information; laser displacement sensors and inclination sensors are installed at both ends of the support pipe to measure the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit wall and detect the change in the inclination angle of the support pipe in real time; when the hydraulic system fails, the built-in spring group provides basic support force to ensure temporary safety; each fixed axis in the lumen of the liner and the support pipe corresponds to a pair of top columns 10, a cavity 11 with the same axis and penetrating therein, and a tension spring 12 installed together in the two cavities 11. When the tension spring 12 is displaced to a stress exceeding the preset safety threshold, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification.

[0042] The intelligent deep foundation pit support construction device with hydraulic drive and electronic sensing is composed of a hollow support pipe 1, sliding liner pipes 8 respectively sleeved at both ends of the support pipe 1, a support seat 9 fixed at the end of the sliding liner pipe 8, a two-way hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure) radially and vertically arranged in the middle of the support pipe 1 and powered by a hydraulic pump station, a multi-parameter sensor integration and a proportional valve (not shown in the figure) embedded in the inner surface of the support seat 9; the multi-parameter sensor integration and the proportional valve are used to dynamically adjust the output force of the hydraulic cylinder according to the real-time pressure of the foundation pit wall to ensure uniform distribution of the support force; in the event of power failure or system failure, the two-way hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure) is automatically locked to maintain the current support force; when the foundation pit wall undergoes a slight displacement, the hydraulic system automatically compensates for the support force to prevent collapse; The multi-parameter sensor integration includes a strain gauge (not shown in the figure) embedded in the inner surface of the support seat 9 for monitoring the local stress change of the foundation pit wall and / or a displacement sensor (not shown in the figure) for real-time measurement of the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit wall and / or an inclination sensor (not shown in the figure) for detecting the change in the inclination angle of the support pipe. An early warning is issued through an electronic signal, and the sensor data is transmitted to the cloud platform through the LoRa or 5G module. Construction personnel can view the state of the foundation pit in real time through mobile phones or computers and receive early warning information; when the displacement or stress exceeds the preset safety threshold, the hydraulic system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification; after the early warning is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder automatically increases the pressure on one side of the risk area to compensate for the loosening of the soil; at the same time, the remote platform notifies personnel to evacuate or reinforce; The support pipe 1 is spliced ​​with standard segments and connected by flanges (not shown) to meet the width requirements of different deep foundation pits; The support seat 9 and the liner 8 are connected by a snap-fit ​​connection, which supports quick replacement or adjustment of the support angle; Each fixed axis in the lumen of the liner 8 and the support tube 1 corresponds to a pair of top columns 10, a cavity 11 with the same axis and passing through is arranged in the two top columns 10, and a spring group is installed in the two cavities 11. When the spring group is displaced to a stress exceeding a preset safety threshold, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification.

[0043] The intelligent deep foundation pit internal support construction device installation and early warning method comprises the following steps: ⑴Installation and initial pressurization: Place the device horizontally in the foundation pit, with the support close to the foundation pit wall; (2) Start the hydraulic pump station, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder pushes the liner pipes on both sides to expand outward until the preset initial pressure is reached; ⑶ Dynamic adjustment and early warning: strain gauges and displacement sensors collect data in real time, and the hydraulic system automatically adjusts the pressure based on feedback; (4) If the displacement on one side exceeds the threshold, the system will immediately alarm and mark the risk area; ⑸ Emergency response: After the early warning is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder automatically increases the pressure on that side to compensate for the loose soil; at the same time, the remote platform notifies personnel to evacuate or reinforce.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep foundation pit support construction device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support tube with a hollow interior, sliding liners respectively sleeved at both ends of the support tube, a support seat for sealing the end of the liner, a functional cover radially and vertically fixed in the middle of the support tube, a threaded seat installed on the functional cover, a screw threadedly connected to the threaded seat, a conical seat fixed at the bottom of the screw, an adjusting handwheel installed at the top of the screw, a pair of top columns corresponding to the axes fixed in the cavities of the liner and the support tube, a cavity passing through along the same axis in the two top columns, a V-shaped bevel radially arranged at the bottom of the conical seat at the junction of the two top columns, and a conical pressure surface is arranged at the side end of the conical seat; tension springs installed together in the two cavities, and detection components symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the functional cover on the support tube; the detection components are used to warn of deformation or collapse of the side walls of the deep foundation pit supported by the support seat; when the conical seat descends and squeezes the V-shaped bevel, the top column is pushed to move left and right, and the tension spring provides a reset elastic force, and the two top columns are connected by the tension spring.

2. The deep foundation pit support construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detection component consists of a tooth surface opened on the peripheral wall of the top column, a gear meshing on the tooth surface, a detection shaft fixedly provided on the gear axis and vertically penetrating the support tube and installed on the outer peripheral wall of the support tube through a bearing, a swing rod connected to the end of the detection shaft, a bending part connected to the end of the swing rod that bends upward and then bends in an inclined direction toward the upper side of the support tube, a detection cover connected to the end of the bending part, an angle detection plate provided on the outer end surface of the bearing, and an angle indicator line engraved on the angle detection plate; the bending part on the left swing rod is inclined in the upper left direction, and the bending part on the right swing rod is inclined in the upper right direction; the swing rod is equivalent to an indicator needle and is located on the outside of the angle detection plate.

3. The deep foundation pit support construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circumferential wall of the detection cover is provided with an involute motion groove, and the rotation center of the involute motion groove is located on the axis of the detection shaft; the circumferential wall located at the bottom of the involute motion groove radially and vertically penetrates the rotating shaft, the detection plate located in the detection cover, the support tube wall is provided with a fixing plate, a driving rod is fixed on the fixing plate, a cam plate fixed at the extended end of the driving rod and located in the detection cover, the outer edge surface of the cam plate contacts the outer side surface of the detection plate, the detection cover rotates with the rocker arm, the driving rod drives the cam plate to roll the detection plate through the involute groove, and under the rolling action of the cam plate, the detection plate is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover, a motion space is left between the cavity bottom of the detection cover and the detection plate, and a detection hole is provided at one end of the cavity bottom of the detection cover; the detection plate is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft, when the detection cover rotates with the rocker arm, the driving rod slides in the involute groove, the cam plate gradually approaches the cavity bottom of the detection cover, the cam plate rolls the detection plate, and the detection plate rotates on the rotating shaft, so that the detection plate is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover.

4. The deep foundation pit support construction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The inner side of the detection plate is connected to a push rod, and the free end of the push rod passes through a detection hole provided in the wall of the bottom of the detection cover cavity and extends to the outside of the detection cover. The inner end of the push rod is hinged on the detection plate, and a plurality of leakage holes are provided in the length direction of the push rod. When the detection plate deflects the push rod toward one end of the bottom of the detection cover cavity, the leakage holes on the push rod are exposed outside the bottom of the detection cover cavity. The leakage holes of the push rod are exposed only when the detection plate is deflected, thereby ensuring that the early warning signal is synchronized with the displacement.

5. A method for installing and warning a support construction device in a deep foundation pit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ⑴ Place the construction device in the deep foundation pit, with the supports on both sides against the wooden boards on the pit wall; (2) Turn the hand wheel to drive the screw to rotate, and the screw drives the conical seat to descend, squeeze the top column bevel, push the support seat to move to both sides, and tighten the supporting structure; ⑶ When the soil on the left wall of the deep foundation pit is deformed or collapsed, the left-end wooden board moves with the support seat. When it moves to the right, the left-end support seat pushes the left-end top column to move right and loosen, and the left-end top column drives the left-side tooth surface to move right, and the left-side tooth surface drives the left-side gear to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side gear drives the left-side detection shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side detection shaft drives the left-side swing rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the left-side swing rod drives the left-side detection cover to rotate counterclockwise upward. At this time, the swing rod rotates counterclockwise with the bending part, and the angle of the bending part relative to the left angle detection plate changes; ⑷As the left end support seat moves to the left, the left tooth surface drives the left gear to rotate clockwise, and the left gear drives the left detection shaft to rotate clockwise, and the left detection shaft drives the left swing rod to rotate clockwise, and the left swing rod drives the left detection cover to rotate upward clockwise, at this time, the swing rod rotates clockwise with the bending part, so that the left bending part stops at an angle of the left angle detection plate, and the angle α is recorded; similarly; when the top column on the right moves to the right, the support seat at the right end is supported and fastened to the right wooden board, so that the right wooden board is fastened to the right wall surface of the deep foundation pit, as the right end support seat moves to the right, the right tooth surface is also used to drive the right gear to rotate counterclockwise, and the right gear drives the right detection shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and the right detection shaft drives the right swing rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the right swing rod drives the right detection cover to rotate upward counterclockwise, and at this time, the swing rod rotates counterclockwise with the bending part, so that the right bending part stops at an angle of the right angle detection plate, and the angle α1 is recorded; ⑸ When the pit wall is loose, the top column moves in the opposite direction, the tooth surface drives the gear to rotate, and the angle of the swing arm is offset. According to the degree of change in the angle α, an early warning is given of soil deformation or collapse on the left wall of the deep foundation pit; when the soil on the right wall of the deep foundation pit is deformed or collapsed, the right-end wooden board will move with the support seat. When the right-end wooden board moves to the left, the right-end support seat will push the right-end top column to move left and loosen, and the right-end top column drives the right-side tooth surface to move left, and the right-side tooth surface drives the right-side gear to rotate clockwise, and the right-side gear drives the right-side detection shaft to rotate clockwise, and the right-side detection shaft drives the right-side swing arm to rotate clockwise, and the right-side swing arm drives the right-side detection cover to rotate upward clockwise, and the swing arm drives the bending part to rotate clockwise. At this time, the right-side bending part changes its angle relative to the right-side angle detection plate, that is, the angle α1 changes. According to the degree of change in the angle α1, an early warning is given of soil deformation or collapse on the right wall of the deep foundation pit, and an alarm is given through the angle detection plate; (6) The detection cover rotates with the rocker arm, and the driving rod drives the cam plate to roll over the detection plate through the involute groove. The push rod extends outward, and fine soil leaks out of the leakage hole, triggering the secondary warning.

6. The installation and early warning method of the support construction device in the deep foundation pit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step (1) further comprises: (1.1) Place wooden boards on the left wall of the deep foundation pit and place wooden boards on the right wall of the deep foundation pit; (1.2) Place the supporting construction device into the deep foundation pit, with the left end support seat against the left wooden board to support the left wall of the deep foundation pit, and the right end support seat against the right wooden board to support the right wall of the deep foundation pit.

7. The installation and early warning method of the support construction device in the deep foundation pit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step (2) further comprises: (2.1) The conical seat descends with the conical pressure surface, and the conical pressure surface enters the inclined opening. By utilizing the extrusion relationship of the inclined surface, the top column on the left is pushed to move leftward, and the top column on the right is pushed to move rightward. The tension spring elastically stretches, and the top column on the left pushes the support seat on the left to move leftward and is fastened to the wooden board on the left. The wooden board on the left provides support force to the left wall of the deep foundation pit. The top column on the right pushes the support seat on the right to move rightward and is fastened to the wooden board on the right. The wooden board on the right provides support force to the right wall of the deep foundation pit, thereby improving the support strength and preventing the left and right pit walls from collapsing. (2.2) By adjusting the hand wheel and tightening the left and right top columns, the support strength acting on the left and right walls of the deep foundation pit can be further improved, thereby meeting the needs of deep foundation pit supports of various widths.

8. The installation and early warning method of the support construction device in the deep foundation pit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step (6) further comprises: (6.1) The involute motion groove rotates with the detection cover, and the involute motion groove is angularly deflected relative to the driving rod according to its involute profile; (6.2) The detection cover drives the rotating shaft to deflect, and the rotating shaft drives the detection plate to deflect relative to the cam plate, and the detection plate is rolled by the cam plate. Under the rolling action of the cam plate, the detection plate is deflected relative to the cavity bottom of the detection cover; (6.3) When the detection plate is deflected relative to the bottom of the detection cover cavity, the push rod is pushed by the hinge relationship, so that the push rod extends along the detection hole to the outside of the detection cover. Once the leakage hole is exposed outside the detection cover at the bottom of the cavity due to the pushing action of the push rod, some fine soil leaks through the leakage hole to the outside of the detection cover wall. According to the leakage status, further early warning judgment is made on the loose soil condition on the wall of the deep foundation pit.

9. A hydraulically driven and electronically sensed intelligent deep foundation pit support construction device, characterized in that: It consists of a hollow support pipe, sliding liners respectively sleeved at both ends of the support pipe, a support seat fixed at the end of the liner, a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder radially and vertically arranged in the middle of the support pipe, a multi-parameter sensor integrated with the inner surface of the support seat, and a proportional valve; the multi-parameter sensor integrated with the proportional valve is used to dynamically adjust the output force of the hydraulic cylinder according to the real-time pressure of the foundation pit wall to ensure that the supporting force is evenly distributed; in the event of power failure or system failure, the hydraulic cylinder is automatically locked to maintain the current supporting force; when the foundation pit wall undergoes a slight displacement, the hydraulic system automatically compensates for the supporting force to prevent collapse; The multi-parameter sensor integration includes a strain gauge embedded on the inner surface of the support seat to monitor the local stress changes of the foundation pit wall, a displacement sensor for real-time measurement of the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit wall, or an inclination sensor for detecting the change in the tilt angle of the support pipe. The early warning is issued through electronic signals, and the sensor data is transmitted to the cloud platform through LoRa or 5G modules. Construction personnel can view the status of the foundation pit in real time through mobile phones or computers and receive early warning information; when the displacement or stress exceeds the preset safety threshold, the hydraulic system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification; after the early warning is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder automatically increases the pressure on one side of the risk area to compensate for the loosening of the soil; at the same time, the remote platform notifies personnel to evacuate or reinforce; The support pipe is spliced ​​with standard segments and connected by flanges to meet the width requirements of different deep foundation pits; The support seat and liner are connected by snap-on connection, which supports quick replacement or adjustment of the support angle; Each fixed axis in the lumen of the liner and the support pipe corresponds to a pair of top columns, a cavity with the same axis and passing through is set in the two top columns, and a spring group is installed in the two cavities. When the spring group is displaced to a stress exceeding a preset safety threshold, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency notification.

10. An intelligent deep foundation pit support construction device installation and early warning method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ⑴ Installation and initial pressurization: Place the construction device horizontally in the foundation pit, with the support close to the foundation pit wall; (2) Start the hydraulic pump station, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder pushes the liner pipes on both sides to expand outward until the preset initial pressure is reached; ⑶ Dynamic adjustment and early warning: strain gauges and displacement sensors collect data in real time, and the system automatically adjusts the pressure based on feedback; (4) If the displacement on one side exceeds the threshold, the system will immediately alarm and mark the risk area; ⑸ Emergency response: After the early warning is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder automatically increases the pressure on one side of the risk area to compensate for the loose soil; at the same time, the remote platform notifies personnel to evacuate or reinforce.

Images