Reverse hoisting system for cantilever structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wharf construction, and provides a reverse hoisting system for a cantilever structure and a construction method.The reverse hoisting system for the cantilever structure comprises at least two reverse hoisting supports, and each reverse hoisting support comprises a stand column, a top beam and a bottom beam; the top beam is connected to one end of the stand column and connected with a first suspender and a second suspender. The first suspender and the second suspender are located on the two sides of the stand column respectively and extend towards the other end of the stand column. The position of the second suspender relative to the top beam is adjustable, and the second suspender is sleeved with a sleeve; the bottom beam is connected to one end of the second suspender away from the top beam; the bottom plate is arranged between the two adjacent reverse hanging supports, and the two ends of the bottom plate are in lap joint with the two adjacent bottom beams respectively. The technical problems that cantilever construction operation needs to be carried out on the near-water side of a wharf during construction of an existing wharf cantilever structure, the construction steps are complex, the construction efficiency is low, and the wharf cantilever structure is easily interfered by climate and hydrological conditions can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dock construction, and in particular to a reverse hanging system and a construction method for a cantilever structure. Background Art

[0002] Existing docks generally use steel sheet piles or steel pipe piles to enclose the main support structure of the dock, and set a breast wall on the water side of the steel sheet piles or steel pipe piles to reduce the impact of wind and waves on the dock structure, thereby extending the service life of the dock; however, the water side of the breast wall protrudes outward relative to the steel sheet piles or steel pipe piles, and is a cantilever structure without support at the bottom. Therefore, its construction involves overwater cantilever operations, and the steps are extremely cumbersome and complicated. It is often necessary to first use a crane and a ship to build a temporary support structure on the water side of the breast wall, then install the breast wall formwork and pour concrete, and finally remove the temporary support structure. In addition, since it involves overwater construction, its construction progress is easily affected by climate and hydrological conditions. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a system that can simplify the construction of the cantilever structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems that the construction of the existing dock cantilever structure requires cantilever construction work to be carried out on the waterside of the dock, the construction steps are complicated, the construction efficiency is low, and it is easily disturbed by climate and hydrological conditions, and to provide a reverse hanging system and construction method for the cantilever structure.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an anti-hanging system for a cantilever structure, comprising:

[0005] At least two inverted hanging brackets, the inverted hanging brackets are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the inverted hanging brackets include uprights, top beams and bottom beams;

[0006] The columns are arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0007] The top beam is arranged along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction; the top beam is connected to one end of the column, and the first suspension rod and the second suspension rod are connected to the top beam;

[0008] The first suspension rod and the second suspension rod are respectively located on both sides of the column along the third direction, and both the first suspension rod and the second suspension rod extend toward the other end of the column along the second direction; the position of the second suspension rod relative to the top beam is adjustable along the second direction, and a sleeve is disposed on the outer cover of the second suspension rod;

[0009] The bottom beam is connected to an end of the second suspension rod away from the top beam, and the bottom beam is arranged along the third direction;

[0010] The bottom plate is arranged between two adjacent inverted hanging brackets, and two ends of the bottom plate along the first direction are respectively overlapped on two adjacent bottom beams.

[0011] When the inverted suspension system for the cantilever structure of this solution is in use, the end of the column away from the top beam is connected to the ground of the wharf, and the bottom beam is located on the waterside of the wharf. Then, the bottom plate between two adjacent bottom beams is also located on the waterside of the wharf, that is, the position of the bottom plate matches the predetermined construction position of the cantilever structure, enabling construction workers to rely on the bottom plate to construct the wharf cantilever structure. For example, directly place the formwork and other required equipment of the cantilever structure on the bottom plate, walk back and forth on the bottom plate, or transport equipment, etc. In this working mode, the bottom plate is equivalent to a solid ground, enabling this solution to be free from the troubles of complex waterborne cantilever operation steps and being vulnerable to climate and hydrological conditions, thus greatly improving the construction efficiency of the cantilever structure.

[0012] Meanwhile, this solution also sets a first suspension rod on the other side of the column. During construction, the end of the first suspension rod away from the top beam is also connected to the ground of the wharf, and the lever principle can be used to balance the loads generated by the second suspension rod, the bottom beam, the bottom plate, and the cantilever structure to be constructed above the bottom plate on the top beam. On the one hand, it can reduce the bending moment received by the column and the load generated by the column on the wharf ground, reducing the possibility of column damage or wharf ground damage, making the structure of this solution more stable and reliable. On the other hand, it is also beneficial to reduce the size of the column, thereby reducing the design difficulty and manufacturing cost of this solution.

[0013] And as can be seen from the above, in this solution, the loads of the second suspension rod, the bottom beam, the bottom plate, and the cantilever structure to be constructed above the bottom plate will be respectively transmitted to the wharf ground by the column and the first suspension rod, that is, the load-bearing structures of this solution are all located on the wharf ground. Compared with the existing technology that requires constructing a temporary support structure on the waterside of the wharf, this solution has higher construction efficiency.

[0014] This solution also makes the position of the second suspension rod adjustable relative to the top beam. After the cantilever structure is poured, adjust the position of the second suspension rod relative to the top beam to move the bottom beam away from the top beam, which can drive the bottom plate to correspondingly move away from the bottom surface of the cantilever structure, enabling the operator to more conveniently remove the bottom plate after the construction of the cantilever structure is completed, and then remove components such as the bottom beam and the top beam, for convenient subsequent reuse and reduce the cost of subsequent construction. And the casing outside the second suspension rod can prevent the concrete of the cantilever structure from combining with the second suspension rod, resulting in the situation where the second suspension rod is fixed relative to the cantilever structure and cannot be adjusted.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the column away from the top beam is embedded in the concrete of the wharf steel pipe pile, and one end of the first suspension rod away from the top beam is also embedded in the concrete of the wharf steel pipe pile.

[0016] This solution recommends the connection method between the inverted suspension bracket and the wharf, which can ensure the stable connection between the inverted suspension bracket and the wharf and avoid the situation of the inverted suspension bracket tipping over.

[0017] Preferably, a formwork is also arranged on the bottom plate, and the formwork is used for pouring the cantilever structure.

[0018] Preferably, the second suspension rod is a threaded rod, and the threaded rod passes through the top beam and the bottom beam along the second direction; two sets of nuts are threadedly connected to the threaded rod, one set of nuts abuts against one side of the top beam away from the bottom beam, and the other set of nuts abuts against one side of the bottom beam away from the top beam.

[0019] This solution recommends one specific structural form of the second suspension rod, which can change the distance between the two sets of nuts by rotating the nuts, so that the bottom beam can approach or move away from the top beam, and then drive the bottom plate to approach or move away from the bottom surface of the cantilever structure.

[0020] Preferably, the connections between the top beam and the column, between the second suspension rod and the top beam, between the second suspension rod and the bottom beam, and between the bottom beam and the bottom plate are all detachable connections.

[0021] This solution can disassemble the anti-hanging support into smaller components when transporting the anti-hanging support, thereby reducing the transportation difficulty of the anti-hanging support; and after the construction of the cantilever structure is completed, remove the components that are not fixed to the cantilever structure or the wharf ground to facilitate subsequent reuse and reduce the cost of subsequent construction.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction method for a cantilever structure, which is applied to the anti-hanging system for a cantilever structure of the present invention, and includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. At least two anti-hanging supports are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the wharf, and the bottom beam is arranged on the water-facing side of the wharf; a bottom plate is arranged between two adjacent bottom beams;

[0024] S2. Set the formwork of the cantilever structure above the bottom plate, and pour concrete in the formwork to form the cantilever structure.

[0025] The construction method of the cantilever structure in this solution suspends the bottom plate on the water-facing side of the wharf through the anti-hanging support, and the construction personnel can rely on the bottom plate to construct the cantilever structure of the wharf, so as to avoid the trouble of complicated steps of overwater cantilever operation and being easily affected by climate and hydrological conditions, and can greatly improve the construction efficiency of the cantilever structure.

[0026] Preferably, after step S2, the following steps are further included:

[0027] S3. Remove the formwork;

[0028] S4. Adjust the position of the second suspension rod along the second direction to make the bottom beam move away from the top beam;

[0029] S5. Remove the bottom plate;

[0030] S6. Remove the bottom beam;

[0031] S7. Remove the top beam and the second suspension rod; cut off the column and the first suspension rod.

[0032] This solution provides a method for dismantling the inverted support and the base plate after the construction of the cantilever structure is completed, which can achieve the recovery and reuse of the inverted support components and the base plate, and is conducive to reducing the cost of subsequent construction.

[0033] Preferably, when installing the template in step S1, the template is divided into multiple sections along the length direction of the wharf and installed in sections.

[0034] This solution divides the template into multiple smaller segments. On the one hand, it can reduce the difficulty of producing, transporting and installing the template. On the other hand, it can also gradually increase the load on the inverted bracket in a step-by-step manner to avoid structural instability of the inverted bracket due to excessive load changes.

[0035] Preferably, the installation of the template includes the following steps:

[0036] S2a, removing the second suspension rod located in the lifting path of the segment of the template to be installed, lifting the segment along the lifting path to a designated position, and maintaining a gap between the bottom surface of the segment and the bottom plate;

[0037] S2b, reinstalling the second suspension rod removed in step S2a;

[0038] S2c, place and fix the segment on the base plate.

[0039] This solution provides specific installation steps for the formwork segments; since the formwork segments may interfere with the second hangers during installation, it is necessary to first remove the corresponding second hangers, and then reinstall the corresponding second hangers after the formwork segments enter the predetermined position; and before reinstalling the second hangers, this solution maintains a gap between the bottom surface of the segment and the base plate, that is, the weight of the segment will not be transferred through the base plate to the counter-hanging bracket that has lost part of the second hanger, which can avoid the situation where the counter-hanging bracket with incomplete components is damaged due to the weight of the segment.

[0040] Preferably, when pouring concrete in step S2, the concrete is placed from the side close to the shore in the formwork.

[0041] This scheme recommends starting the concrete pouring from the shore side compared to starting the concrete pouring from the water side. When the concrete weight is equal, the bending moment generated by the concrete on the base plate and the counter-hanging system in this scheme is smaller, thereby suppressing the deformation of the counter-hanging system, the base plate and the formwork, thereby preventing the formwork on the water side from being eccentrically compressed and ensuring the pouring quality of the cantilever structure.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The present invention provides an inverted suspension system for a cantilever structure. The bottom plate is suspended on the waterside of the wharf through an inverted suspension bracket, and a lever structure composed of a first suspension rod, a top beam and a second suspension rod is used to ensure the structural stability of the whole system. Construction workers can rely on the bottom plate to construct the cantilever structure of the wharf. For example, the formwork and other required equipment of the cantilever structure can be directly placed on the bottom plate, walk back and forth on the bottom plate or transport equipment, etc. This solution can avoid the troubles of complex steps in overwater cantilever operation and being easily affected by climate and hydrological conditions, thus greatly improving the construction efficiency of the cantilever structure. Moreover, this solution can also increase the distance between the bottom plate and the ground of the cantilever structure by adjusting the position of the second suspension rod, so that the components of the bottom plate and the inverted suspension bracket can be removed after the construction of the cantilever structure is completed, and then the reuse of the components of the bottom plate and the inverted suspension bracket can be realized, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of subsequent construction.

[0044] 2. The present invention provides a construction method for a cantilever structure. The bottom plate is suspended on the waterside of the wharf through an inverted suspension bracket. Construction workers can rely on the bottom plate to construct the cantilever structure of the wharf, thus avoiding the troubles of complex steps in overwater cantilever operation and being easily affected by climate and hydrological conditions, and can greatly improve the construction efficiency of the cantilever structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic side view structure of an inverted suspension system for a cantilever structure according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic side view structure of an inverted suspension system for a cantilever structure according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial sectional view structure of the A-A section in

[0048] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a partial sectional view structure of the B-B section in

[0049] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged sectional view structure at C in

[0050] Figure 6 is a schematic top view structure of the bottom plate of an inverted suspension system for a cantilever structure according to the present invention

[0051] ICON:

[0052] 1 - Inverted suspension bracket; 11 - Column; 12 - Top beam; 13 - Bottom beam; 14 - First suspension rod; 15 - Second suspension rod; 16 - Sleeve; 2 - Bottom plate; 3 - Side formwork; 4 - Steel pipe pile. Detailed Embodiments

[0053] The present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with test examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. Any technology implemented based on the content of the present invention belongs to the scope of the present invention.

[0054] In the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, without special explanation, the expression terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer", etc. are all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the invention product / device / device is commonly used. These orientation or positional relationship terms are only for the convenience of describing the solution of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiment, so as to facilitate technicians to quickly understand the solution, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0055] In addition, if terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "vertical direction", "hanging", "parallel" appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel, but can be slightly inclined or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the directions of "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still play its role in the solution of the present invention.

[0056] In addition, the expressions such as "first", "second", "third", etc. in the terms are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be construed as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a specific component.

[0057] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple", "a number of" represent at least 2. It can be any situation such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and even more than 9.

[0058] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, when the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "linked", "provided with", "laid", "arranged" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connection. Such a connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components.

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a reverse suspension system for a cantilever structure includes at least two reverse suspension brackets 1 arranged at intervals along a first direction, and a bottom plate 2 is arranged between two adjacent reverse suspension brackets 1. Figures 1 to 4 , and Figure 6 also marks the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction respectively, where the direction indicated by the arrow X represents the first direction, the direction indicated by the arrow Y represents the second direction, and the direction indicated by the arrow Z represents the third direction.

[0061] The reverse suspension bracket 1 includes a column 11, a top beam 12, and a bottom beam 13; the column 11 is arranged along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the top beam 12 is arranged along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction; the top beam 12 is connected to one end of the column 11, and a first suspension rod 14 and a second suspension rod 15 are connected to the top beam 12; the first suspension rod 14 and the second suspension rod 15 are respectively located on both sides of the column 11 along the third direction, and both the first suspension rod 14 and the second suspension rod 15 extend along the second direction towards the other end of the column 11; the position of the second suspension rod 15 relative to the top beam 12 is adjustable along the second direction, and a sleeve 16 is sleeved outside the second suspension rod 15. As Figure 5 shown, there is a clearance fit between the outer wall of the second suspension rod 15 and the inner wall of the sleeve 16; the bottom beam 13 is connected to the end of the second suspension rod 15 far from the top beam 12, and the bottom beam 13 is arranged along the third direction.

[0062] It should be noted that the top beam 12 is arranged along the third direction. It is not necessary for the top beam 12 and the bottom beam 13 to be completely parallel to the third direction, but there can be a certain included angle, as long as the length component along the third direction is sufficient to suspend the bottom beam 13 on the waterside of the wharf; the same is true for the bottom beam 13 arranged along the third direction, and there can also be a certain included angle between it and the third direction.

[0063] In an alternative embodiment, the column 11 is a hollow tubular structure, and self-leveling mortar or concrete is poured into the column 11 to enhance the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the column 11; the self-leveling mortar is applicable to the case where the size of the column 11 is small and it is difficult to pour and vibrate the concrete; the specific cross-sectional shape of the hollow tubular structure includes, but is not limited to, circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the specific form of the top beam 12 includes, but is not limited to, a steel box or a steel section; for example, the top beam 12 can be made of double 2I36a channel steels, and the bottom beam 13 can be made of double HW250 steel sections.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, the implementation methods for the position of the second suspension rod 15 relative to the top beam 12 to be adjustable include, but are not limited to: machining threaded holes on the top beam 12 and external threads on the second suspension rod 15, threading the second suspension rod 15 onto the top beam 12, and rotating the second suspension rod 15 to adjust the position of the second suspension rod 15 along the axis of the threaded hole; machining through holes on the top beam 12, slidingly connecting the second suspension rod 15 into the through holes, and connecting the second suspension rod 15 to a driving device (such as an oil cylinder or a winch), and driving the second suspension rod 15 to move along the axis of the through hole by the actuation of the driving device.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the sleeve 16 is a component made of PVC material. The PVC material has a certain strength, which can prevent the sleeve 16 from collapsing under the extrusion of the concrete, resulting in the situation where the second suspension rod 15 is stuck and cannot be adjusted.

[0067] In an alternative embodiment, the number of the second suspension rods 15 is at least two, and the second suspension rods 15 are arranged at intervals in the third direction; using multiple second suspension rods 15 can enhance the reliability and safety of the connection between the bottom beam 13 and the top beam 12; it should be noted that when the number of the second suspension rods 15 is greater than one, only the second suspension rods 15 located within the predetermined pouring area of the cantilever structure need to be sleeved with sleeves 16, and the second suspension rods 15 located outside the predetermined pouring area of the cantilever structure do not need to be provided with sleeves 16. The same applies to the first suspension rod 14, and its number can also be one or more. When the number of the first suspension rods 14 is greater than one, the first suspension rods 14 are arranged at intervals in the third direction.

[0068] In an alternative embodiment, the second suspension rod 15 is a threaded rod, and through holes corresponding to the threaded rod are provided on both the top beam 12 and the bottom beam 13. The threaded rod passes through the through holes on the top beam 12 and the bottom beam 13 along the second direction; two groups of nuts are threadedly connected to the threaded rod, and the number of nuts in each group can be one or more; one group of nuts abuts against the side of the top beam 12 away from the bottom beam 13, and the other group of nuts abuts against the side of the bottom beam 13 away from the top beam 12. Rotating the nuts can make the two groups of nuts approach or move away from each other, thereby adjusting the distance between the bottom beam 13 and the top beam 12. The threaded rod can directly use existing precision rolled threaded steel bars. The same applies to the first suspension rod 14, and it can also be a threaded rod.

[0069] In an alternative embodiment, the connection between the top beam 12 and the column 11, between the second suspension rod 15 and the top beam 12, between the second suspension rod 15 and the bottom beam 13, and between the bottom beam 13 and the bottom plate 2 are all detachable connections. The specific ways of detachable connection include but are not limited to threaded connection, snap connection, mortise and tenon connection, or flange connection; for example, a steel box can be provided on the side of the top beam 12 facing the column 11, and an opening matching the cross-section of the column 11 is provided on the side of the steel box facing the column 11. At least one side of the steel box is also provided with a first socket, and a corresponding second socket is also provided on the side of the column 11. Insert the column 11 into the steel box from the opening until the first socket is aligned with the second socket, and insert a pin into the aligned first socket and second socket, then the connection between the top beam 12 and the column 11 can be completed, and pulling out the pin can remove the top beam 12 from the column 11.

[0070] The bottom plate 2 is arranged between two adjacent anti-hanging brackets 1, and both ends of the bottom plate 2 in the first direction are respectively lapped on two adjacent bottom beams 13. For example, directly place both ends of the bottom plate 2 in the first direction on the upper surface of the corresponding bottom beam 13, or detachably connect the bottom plate 2 to the bottom beams 13 on both sides by means of threaded connecting fasteners or the like.

[0071] In an alternative embodiment, as shown in the figure, the bottom plate 2 includes a steel frame and a panel; the steel frame includes several steel profiles arranged orthogonally, such as I20 steel I-beams, which are used to ensure the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the bottom plate 2; at least one side of the steel profile frame in the second direction is covered with a panel, which is used to provide a flat surface for subsequent construction.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, the shape of the side of the bottom plate 2 close to the column 11 matches the shape of the side wall of the wharf, for example Figure 3 and Figure 6 as shown, the side wall of the wharf includes several alternately arranged steel pipe piles 4 and steel sheet piles. Correspondingly, the side of the bottom plate 2 close to the column 11 also includes a corresponding combination of arc surfaces and flat surfaces, so that it can be closely attached to the side wall of the wharf after installation. On the one hand, it can eliminate the void between the bottom plate 2 and the side wall of the wharf and prevent personnel and equipment from falling from the void. On the other hand, it can also provide part of the supporting effect for the bottom plate 2 through the side wall of the wharf.

[0073] It should be noted that in Figure 4 the setting method of placing both ends of the bottom plate 2 on the upper surface of the bottom beam 13 is adopted. Therefore, if the bottom plate 2 is arranged on each adjacent two bottom beams 13, the bottom beam 13 will be blocked and in an invisible state. Therefore Figure 4 in

[0074] In an alternative embodiment, the dimension of the bottom plate 2 in the third direction is greater than the corresponding dimension of the cantilever structure formwork, so that there is extra space on the water-facing side of the bottom plate 2 for equipment and personnel to move around.

[0075] In an alternative embodiment, a guardrail is provided on the side of the bottom plate 2 facing the top beam 12. The guardrail is along the edge of the bottom plate 2 and is used to prevent personnel or equipment from falling.

[0076] In an alternative embodiment, a limiting structure may also be provided on the upper surface of the bottom beam 13. The position of the limiting structure corresponds to the edge of the bottom plate 2 to prevent the bottom plate 2 from displacing or even falling relative to the bottom beam 13. The specific form of the limiting structure includes but is not limited to a groove matching the shape of the bottom plate 2 or a stop block abutting against the side wall of the bottom plate 2.

[0077] In an alternative embodiment, the end of the column 11 far from the top beam 12 is buried in the concrete of the wharf steel pipe pile 4, and the end of the first suspension rod 14 far from the top beam 12 is also buried in the concrete of the wharf steel pipe pile 4.

[0078] In an alternative embodiment, a formwork is also provided on the bottom plate 2. The formwork is used for pouring the cantilever structure, such as a wharf breast wall; since the bottom plate 2 can directly serve as the bottom formwork of the cantilever structure, the formwork only needs to include two side formworks 3 spaced along the third direction, and two end plates spaced along the first direction at both ends of the side formworks 3; the side formworks 3 can be made of truss-type standardized steel, and multiple reinforcing tie rods can be provided between the two side formworks 3 and between the side formworks 3 and the end plates.

[0079] Embodiment 2

[0080] A construction method for a cantilever structure, applied to an inverted suspension system for a cantilever structure in Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0081] S1, as Figure 3 shown, at least two inverted suspension brackets 1 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the wharf. The end of the column 11 of the inverted suspension bracket 1 far from the top beam 12 and the end of the first suspension rod 14 far from the top beam 12 are both buried in the concrete of the wharf steel pipe pile 4, and the bottom beam 13 of the inverted suspension bracket 1 is arranged on the water-facing side of the wharf; a bottom plate 2 is arranged between two adjacent bottom beams 13.

[0082] In an alternative embodiment, in step S1, the column 11, the top beam 12, the bottom beam 13, the first suspension rod 14, the second suspension rod 15 and the bottom plate 2 are transported to the site respectively, and then assembled on site to reduce the transportation difficulty; during assembly, the column 11 and the first suspension rod 14 are first embedded in the steel pipe pile 4, then the top beam 12 is connected, then the second suspension rod 15 and the bottom beam 13 are connected, and finally the bottom plate 2 is installed.

[0083] S2. Place the steel bars, formwork, and various embedded parts of the cantilever structure (such as drain pipes, cable wells, rainwater wells, flap gates, fenders, bollards, ladders, corner guard angles, guardrails, lifebuoys) above the bottom plate 2; after verifying that the installation accuracy of the formwork meets the requirements and the reinforcement tie rods and connecting bolts are safe and firm, pour concrete into the formwork to form the cantilever structure.

[0084] In an alternative implementation, when installing the formwork in step S2, divide the formwork into multiple segments along the length of the wharf and install them in segments.

[0085] In an alternative implementation, the installation of the formwork includes the following steps:

[0086] S2a. Remove the second suspension rod 15 within the hoisting path of the segment of the formwork to be installed, hoist the segment along the hoisting path to the designated position, and keep a gap between the bottom surface of the segment and the bottom plate 2; for example, for Figure 2 the shown scenario, the predetermined installation position of the formwork is between two adjacent second suspension rods 15, and the predetermined hoisting path is to move from the water-facing side to the shore side of the bottom plate 2. Therefore, in this step, it is necessary to remove the second suspension rod 15 on the water-facing side.

[0087] S2b. Reinstall the second suspension rod 15 removed in step S2a to restore the stability of the reverse hoisting support 1 system.

[0088] S2c. Place and fix the segment on the bottom plate 2.

[0089] In an alternative implementation, before pouring concrete in step S2, refer to the weather forecast, select a time with clear weather to start pouring concrete. If it rains during the pouring process, immediately cover it with colored tarpaulins or rainproof tarpaulins. To avoid cold joints, do not interrupt the concrete pouring, unless the rain is too heavy to affect the pouring; at the same time, carefully check the tide situation before pouring. When the tide recedes below the bottom plate 2 of the cantilever structure, start pouring concrete in a timely manner to ensure that the concrete is not submerged by seawater before initial setting.

[0090] In an alternative implementation, when pouring concrete in step S2, use the inclined surface layered pushing method for pouring, with the height of each layer of concrete being 45 cm, ensuring that new concrete is covered before the initial setting of the concrete. To avoid cold joints, the placement of the next layer of concrete must start from the starting position of the previous layer of concrete, and to avoid eccentric compression of the formwork on the water-facing side, it is also advisable to start placing the concrete from the side of the formwork closer to the shore.

[0091] In an alternative embodiment, when vibrating the concrete after pouring in step S2, a 70-type inserted high-frequency vibrating rod is used for vibrating the concrete. The single-point vibrating time is controlled at 20 s, the point spacing is 30 cm, and when vibrating the upper layer of concrete, the vibrating rod needs to enter the lower layer of concrete by no less than 10 cm. When vibrating, it is appropriate that the concrete surface no longer sinks and there are basically no air bubbles emerging. For the vibration of the edge area, the vibrating rod is about 10 cm away from the formwork. Secondary vibration is carried out for the concrete pouring, and the secondary vibration time is adjusted according to the laboratory test results and the actual situation on site.

[0092] In an alternative embodiment, the joints at various positions such as between two adjacent bottom plates 2, between two adjacent segments within the formwork, and between the formwork and the bottom plate 2 are sealed with materials such as foam rubber to prevent leakage of mortar.

[0093] In an alternative embodiment, after step S2, the following steps are further included:

[0094] S3. When the concrete strength of the cantilever structure can ensure that its surface and edges are not damaged due to the removal of the formwork, remove the formwork. If there is a second suspension rod 15 within the hoisting path of the formwork during the removal of the formwork, the practices in steps S2a to S2b can be referred to. First, remove the second suspension rod 15 within the hoisting path to ensure the smooth hoisting out of the formwork, and then reinstall the second suspension rod 15 to ensure the stability of the inverted suspension support 1 system.

[0095] S4. Adjust the position of the second suspension rod 15 along the second direction. For example, loosen at least one set of nuts on the second suspension rod 15 to increase the distance between the two sets of nuts on the second suspension rod 15, so that the bottom beam 13 can move away from the top beam 12 under the action of gravity, and then drive the bottom plate 2 to separate from the bottom surface of the cantilever structure.

[0096] S5. Ensure that the concrete strength of the cantilever structure reaches 100% of the designed strength, and then remove the bottom plate 2.

[0097] S6. Remove the bottom beam 13.

[0098] S7. Remove the top beam 12 and the second suspension rod 15; the bottom plate 2, the bottom beam 13, the top beam 12, and the second suspension rod 15 can be reserved for other uses; cut off the parts of the column 11 and the first suspension rod 14 extending out of the cantilever structure, and repair the holes on the cantilever structure with concrete or self-leveling mortar.

[0099] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse hanging system for cantilever structure, characterized in that: include: At least two inverted hanging brackets (1), the inverted hanging brackets (1) are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the inverted hanging brackets (1) comprise a column (11), a top beam (12) and a bottom beam (13); The upright column (11) is arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The top beam (12) is arranged along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction; the top beam (12) is connected to one end of the column (11), and a first suspension rod (14) and a second suspension rod (15) are connected to the top beam (12); The first suspension rod (14) and the second suspension rod (15) are respectively located on both sides of the column (11) along the third direction, and the first suspension rod (14) and the second suspension rod (15) both extend along the second direction toward the other end of the column (11); the position of the second suspension rod (15) relative to the top beam (12) is adjustable along the second direction, and a sleeve (16) is provided on the outer shell of the second suspension rod (15); The bottom beam (13) is connected to an end of the second suspension rod (15) away from the top beam (12), and the bottom beam (13) is arranged along a third direction; A bottom plate (2), the bottom plate (2) being arranged between two adjacent inverted hanging brackets (1), and two ends of the bottom plate (2) along a first direction being overlapped on two adjacent bottom beams (13) respectively.

2. The anti-hanging system for cantilever structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the column (11) away from the top beam (12) is buried in the concrete of the dock steel pipe pile (4), and one end of the first suspension rod (14) away from the top beam (12) is also buried in the concrete of the dock steel pipe pile (4).

3. The anti-hanging system for cantilever structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A template is also provided on the base plate (2), and the template is used for casting the cantilever structure.

4. A reverse hanging system for cantilever structures according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second suspension rod (15) is a threaded rod, and the threaded rod passes through the top beam (12) and the bottom beam (13) along the second direction; two groups of nuts are threadedly connected on the threaded rod, one group of nuts abuts against a side of the top beam (12) away from the bottom beam (13), and the other group of nuts abuts against a side of the bottom beam (13) away from the top beam (12).

5. The anti-hanging system for cantilever structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The top beam (12) and the column (11), the second suspension rod (15) and the top beam (12), the second suspension rod (15) and the bottom beam (13), and the bottom beam (13) and the bottom plate (2) are all detachably connected.

6. A construction method for a cantilever structure, characterized in that: A reverse hanging system for a cantilever structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S1, at least two inverted hanging brackets (1) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the wharf, and the bottom beam (13) is arranged on the water side of the wharf; a bottom plate (2) is arranged between two adjacent bottom beams (13); S2. Arrange a template of the cantilever structure above the base plate (2), and pour concrete in the template to form the cantilever structure.

7. The construction method of a cantilever structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are also included after step S2: S3, removing the template; S4, adjusting the position of the second suspension rod (15) along the second direction so that the bottom beam (13) is away from the top beam (12); S5, removing the bottom plate (2); S6, removing the bottom beam (13); S7, dismantling the top beam (12) and the second suspension rod (15); and cutting off the column (11) and the first suspension rod (14).

8. A cantilever structure construction method according to any one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that: When installing the template in step S2, the template is divided into a plurality of sections along the length direction of the wharf and installed in sections.

9. The construction method of a cantilever structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The installation of the template includes the following steps: S2a, removing the second suspension rod (15) located in the lifting path of the segment of the template to be installed, lifting the segment along the lifting path to a designated position, and maintaining a gap between the bottom surface of the segment and the bottom plate (2); S2b, reinstalling the second suspension rod (15) removed in step S2a; S2c, placing and fixing the segment on the base plate (2).

10. A cantilever structure construction method according to any one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that: When pouring concrete in step S2, the concrete is placed from the side close to the shore in the template.

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