Gas-liquid combined type shock absorber

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid combined type shock absorber, and relates to the technical field of shock absorbers. The problems that in the prior art, a traditional suspension of an automobile is composed of a shock absorber and a spring, the spring is a steel spring, the rigidity of the spring is initially designed and cannot be adjusted after production, and the comfort of a driver and passengers under different road conditions can be seriously affected due to the fact that the rigidity of the spring cannot be adjusted are solved. The device comprises a damper, a first energy storage device, a second energy storage device and a piston body, a damper is arranged in an oil liquid space formed between the piston upper cavity and the first energy storage device, and an oil liquid space formed by the oil liquid space of the piston upper cavity and the oil liquid space of the first energy storage device; the outer wall of the first energy storage device is connected with the wall of the piston cavity, the outer wall of the second energy storage device is connected with the wall of the piston cavity, the lower wall of the first energy storage device is connected with the upper wall of the second energy storage device in an up-down mode, and the first energy storage device, the second energy storage device and the piston body form a double-cylinder structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a gas-liquid composite shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] At present, due to the increasing driving range and the increasing weight of the battery in new energy vehicles, the overall vehicle weight gradually increases. The inertial force during driving becomes larger due to the large self-weight, and the following problems arise. For example, when turning, both the centrifugal force and the inertial force increase, directly affecting the driving experience and safety. How to adjust the vehicle body posture quickly and timely is particularly important. Moreover, new energy vehicles have sufficient power, so the development direction of shock absorbers is electrification and intelligentization, so as to achieve the active control and intelligent control of shock absorbers.

[0003] A shock absorber is an important component in a vehicle suspension system. A conventional shock absorber usually includes a working cylinder filled with a damping fluid such as oil or gas, and a piston. The piston is arranged on a piston rod that is movably arranged in the cylinder. The function of the shock absorber is to quickly attenuate the vibration of the vehicle body, improve the driving smoothness and riding comfort of the vehicle, and the damping of the shock absorber is an important parameter for controlling its working resistance. Due to the complex and changeable road conditions, the corresponding damping value needs to be adjusted to better meet the comfort requirements of the passengers. Most of the dampers of the existing types of shock absorbers cannot be electronically controlled and adjusted, so the dampers of shock absorbers need to develop in the direction of electrification and intelligent control.

[0004] The traditional suspensions of current vehicles are all composed of shock absorbers and springs. The springs are steel springs, and the spring stiffness is initially designed and cannot be adjusted after production. The inability to adjust the softness and hardness of the springs will seriously affect the comfort of passengers under different road conditions. For the existing air springs, their airbags are exposed to the air and are easily affected by external environmental conditions and age quickly, such as strong ultraviolet rays, chemical pollution, etc.; during driving, the airbags are easily damaged by foreign objects. For example, the airbags are clamped with sediment, sand, stones, or during vehicle driving, they are easily impacted by debris such as sand and stones, resulting in the airbags bursting on the spot, seriously affecting driving safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art, and further provide a gas-liquid composite shock absorber, which can realize the adjustment functions of the length, damping and "spring" stiffness of the shock absorber in three dimensions, so as to realize the highly integrated integration of the spring, shock absorber and damper, so as to realize the rapid adjustment of the vehicle body posture. At the same time, the traditional spring can be omitted, further simplifying the vehicle body structure and reducing the weight.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: A gas-liquid compound shock absorber includes a damper, a first energy storage device, a second energy storage device, and a piston body; a piston rod is arranged inside the piston chamber wall of the piston body, and the inside of the piston chamber wall is a piston chamber body, and the piston chamber body is divided into a piston upper chamber and a piston lower chamber by a piston head at one end of the piston rod; the piston upper chamber is communicated with the first energy storage device, and the piston lower chamber is communicated with the second energy storage device;

[0007] A damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the piston upper chamber and the first energy storage device, the oil space of the piston upper chamber, and the oil space of the first energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing.

[0008] Or a damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the piston lower chamber and the second energy storage device, the oil space of the piston lower chamber, and the oil space of the second energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing.

[0009] Or a damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the piston upper chamber and the first energy storage device, the oil space of the piston upper chamber, and the oil space of the first energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing; a damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the piston lower chamber and the second energy storage device, the oil space of the piston lower chamber, and the oil space of the second energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing.

[0010] The outer wall of the first energy storage device of the first energy storage device is connected to the piston chamber wall, the outer wall of the second energy storage device of the second energy storage device is connected to the piston chamber wall, the lower wall of the first energy storage device of the first energy storage device and the upper wall of the second energy storage device of the second energy storage device are connected up and down, and the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device form a double-barrel structure with the piston body.

[0011] Further, the first energy storage device includes a first energy storage chamber and a first deformable gas storage chamber; the first deformable gas storage chamber is arranged inside the first energy storage chamber, and the first energy storage chamber is a chamber surrounded by the outer wall of the first energy storage device, the inner wall of the first energy storage device, the upper wall of the first energy storage device, and the lower wall of the first energy storage device.

[0012] Further, a plurality of first energy storage device oil passing grooves are uniformly arranged on the circumference of one side of the outer wall or the inner wall of the first energy storage device close to the first deformable gas storage chamber, and a plurality of first energy storage device oil passing channels are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the upper wall of the first energy storage device, and the first energy storage device oil passing channels are communicated with the corresponding first energy storage device oil passing grooves;

[0013] Or a first energy storage device oil passing partition is arranged inside the first energy storage chamber, and a plurality of first energy storage device oil passing holes are arranged on the first energy storage device oil passing partition;

[0014] Alternatively, a first oil passing groove and a first oil passing partition are simultaneously arranged inside the first energy storage chamber.

[0015] Further, the second deformable gas storage chamber is arranged inside the second energy storage chamber, and the second energy storage chamber is a chamber surrounded by a second energy storage outer wall, a second energy storage inner wall, a second energy storage upper wall, and a second energy storage lower wall.

[0016] Further, a plurality of second oil passing grooves are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction on one side of the second energy storage outer wall or the second energy storage inner wall close to the first deformable gas storage chamber, and a plurality of second energy storage oil passing channels are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction on the second energy storage lower wall. The second energy storage oil passing channels are communicated with the corresponding second oil passing grooves.

[0017] Alternatively, a second energy storage oil passing partition is arranged inside the second energy storage chamber, and a plurality of second energy storage oil passing holes are arranged on the second energy storage oil passing partition.

[0018] Alternatively, a second oil passing groove and a second oil passing partition are simultaneously arranged inside the first energy storage chamber.

[0019] Further, one end of the piston rod located inside the piston cavity is connected with a piston head, and the other end extending out of the piston cavity is provided with a fixed end. A piston ring is installed on the piston head.

[0020] The oil space formed between the upper piston chamber and the first energy storage is an upper oil passing chamber, and the upper oil passing chamber is communicated with the upper piston chamber through a first oil passing hole; or the upper piston chamber and the first energy storage are directly communicated through the first oil passing hole.

[0021] The oil space formed between the lower piston chamber and the second energy storage is a lower oil passing chamber, and the lower oil passing chamber is communicated with the lower piston chamber through a second oil passing hole; or the lower piston chamber and the second energy storage are directly communicated through the second oil passing hole.

[0022] A check valve is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space between the upper piston chamber and the first energy storage, the oil space of the upper piston chamber, and the oil space of the first energy storage.

[0023] Or a check valve is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space between the lower piston chamber and the second energy storage, the oil space of the lower piston chamber, and the oil space of the second energy storage.

[0024] A check valve is provided inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the upper chamber of the piston and the first energy storage device, the oil space of the upper chamber of the piston, and the oil space of the first energy storage device; a check valve is provided inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the lower chamber of the piston and the second energy storage device, the oil space of the lower chamber of the piston, and the oil space of the second energy storage device.

[0025] Further, the shock absorber further includes a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor includes an electronic bin, a measuring rod, and a permanent magnet ring;

[0026] The electronic bin is arranged on the upper end cover, the permanent magnet ring is arranged on the piston head, and the measuring rod is electrically connected to the electronic bin; the measuring rod sequentially passes through the upper chamber of the piston and the permanent magnet ring and then extends into the piston rod.

[0027] Or the shock absorber further includes a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor includes an electronic bin, a measuring rod, and a permanent magnet ring;

[0028] The electronic bin is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the piston rod, the permanent magnet ring is arranged on the lower end cover; the measuring rod is electrically connected to the electronic bin; the measuring rod passes through the permanent magnet ring and moves synchronously with the piston rod.

[0029] Further, the damper is an electromagnetic switch type damper, and the electromagnetic switch type damper includes a base A, a switch plate A, and a cover plate A; the cover plate A is fixedly connected to the base A, and the switch plate A is arranged between the base A and the cover plate A; a moving iron core A is installed on one side of the switch plate A close to the side wall of the base A, and a fixed iron core A is installed at a position corresponding to the moving iron core A on the side wall of the base A;

[0030] The cover plate A is provided with a cover plate fixing hole A and a cover plate oil passage A, the bottom of the base A is provided with a base fixing hole A and a base oil passage A, and the cover plate fixing hole A and the base fixing hole A are arranged corresponding to each other; the cover plate oil passage A and the base oil passage A form a damper oil passage.

[0031] The switch plate A is provided with an adjustment hole A and an adjustment auxiliary hole A, and the adjustment hole A and the adjustment auxiliary hole A are arranged at intervals; both the upper and lower surfaces of the switch plate A are provided with ball grooves A or concave-convex grooves, and the switch plate A is slidably connected to the base A and the cover plate A through the balls A in the ball grooves A or the concave-convex grooves;

[0032] A gear limit bead A is arranged on the surface of the base A or the cover plate A in contact with the switch plate A, a gear limit spring A is arranged below the gear limit bead A, and gear limit pits A are arranged on the contact surface of the switch plate A and the gear limit bead A according to the gears.

[0033] Further, the damper is an adjustable plate damper, which includes a fixed plate B, an adjustable plate B, a cover plate B, and a rotating mechanism B. The adjustable plate B is rotatably connected between the fixed plate B and the cover plate B. The cover plate B and the fixed plate B are fixedly connected. The rotating mechanism B includes a transmission rod B. One end of the transmission rod B is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism B, and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustable plate B. The rotating mechanism B drives the adjustable plate B to rotate through the transmission rod B.

[0034] The fixed plate B is divided into multiple fan-shaped regions, which are the same as the fan-shaped regions divided by the cover plate B and the adjustable plate B. The fixed plate B is provided with a fixed plate fixing hole B, a fixed plate auxiliary hole B, and a fixed plate oil passage B according to the fan-shaped regions.

[0035] The cover plate B is provided with a cover plate fixing hole B and a cover plate auxiliary hole B according to the fan-shaped regions. In the same fan-shaped region, the cover plate fixing hole B is arranged corresponding to the fixed plate fixing hole B, and the cover plate auxiliary hole B is arranged corresponding to the fixed plate auxiliary hole B.

[0036] The adjustable plate B is provided with an adjustment hole B and an adjustment auxiliary hole B according to the fan-shaped regions. In the same fan-shaped region, the adjustment hole B is arranged corresponding to the fixed plate fixing hole B, and the adjustment auxiliary hole B is arranged corresponding to the fixed plate auxiliary hole B. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the adjustable plate B are provided with ball grooves B or concave-convex grooves, and the adjustable plate B is slidably connected to the fixed plate B and the cover plate B through the balls B in the ball grooves B or the concave-convex grooves.

[0037] The surface of the fixed plate B or the cover plate B in contact with the adjustable plate B is provided with a gear position limiting bead B, and a gear position limiting spring B is arranged below the gear position limiting bead B. The contact surface of the adjustable plate B with the gear position limiting bead B is provided with gear position limiting pits B according to the gear positions.

[0038] The adjustable plate damper further includes a total limiter B, which includes a total limit block B and a total limit groove B. The total limit block B is arranged on the adjustable plate B in contact with the cover plate B. The total limit groove B is arranged on the cover plate B in contact with the adjustable plate B, and the total limit block B is slidably connected to the total limit groove B.

[0039] Further, the damper is an adjustable cylinder damper, which includes an adjustable cylinder C, a fixed cylinder C, and a rotating mechanism C. The rotating mechanism C includes a transmission rod C. One end of the transmission rod C is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism C, and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustable cylinder C. The rotating mechanism C drives the adjustable cylinder C to rotate through the transmission rod C.

[0040] The fixed cylinder C is divided into multiple fan-shaped regions, which are the same as the fan-shaped regions divided by the adjustable cylinder C. The fixed cylinder C is provided with a fixed cylinder fixing hole C and a fixed cylinder auxiliary hole C according to the fan-shaped regions.

[0041] The adjusting cylinder C is provided with an adjusting channel C and an adjusting auxiliary channel C in a fan-shaped area. In the same fan-shaped area, the adjusting channel C is correspondingly arranged with the fixing cylinder fixing channel C, and the adjusting auxiliary channel C is correspondingly arranged with the fixing cylinder auxiliary channel C; the adjusting cylinder C is rotationally connected to the fixing cylinder C through the upper bearing C of the adjusting cylinder and the lower bearing C of the adjusting cylinder;

[0042] The adjusting cylinder type damper further includes a fixing cylinder cover plate C; the surface of the fixing cylinder cover plate C in contact with the adjusting plate C is provided with a gear position limiting bead C, and a gear position limiting spring C is arranged below the gear position limiting bead C; the contact surface of the adjusting cylinder C and the gear position limiting bead C is provided with a gear position limiting pit C according to the gear position;

[0043] The adjusting cylinder type damper further includes a total limiter C, and the total limiter C includes a total limiting block C and a total limiting groove C; the total limiting block C is arranged on the adjusting cylinder C in contact with the fixing cylinder cover plate C; the total limiting groove C is arranged on the fixing cylinder cover plate C in contact with the adjusting cylinder C, and the total limiting block C is slidably connected with the total limiting groove C.

[0044] Further description of the present invention:

[0045] 1. The use of the damper is not limited to the damper mentioned in this embodiment, and dampers of other existing technologies that meet this embodiment can also be used.

[0046] 2. The material of the deformable air storage chamber can be rubber, elastically deformable metal, etc.

[0047] 3. The shape and implementation manner of the deformable air storage chamber can be changed. It can be a complete deformable air storage chamber, or a deformable air storage chamber formed by combining with the inner wall or outer wall of the shock absorber, etc.

[0048] 4. The one-way valve, as a directional opening and closing element, can control the opening and closing of the channel when the oil fluid flows in different directions. The one-way valve used in the present invention can also be replaced by existing technologies with the same effect, such as a spring plus a steel ball, a spring piece, etc., and no detailed examples will be given in the present invention.

[0049] 5. The "outer side" in the present invention refers to the outer edge of the structure, emphasizing the external surface where the structure is located.

[0050] 6. The "end part" in the present invention refers to the end part of an object or component.

[0051] 7. The "outside" in the present invention refers to the external space of the structure, emphasizing the external space where the structure is located. The energy storage device is arranged outside the piston body. In the implementation manner of being independently arranged from the piston body, it can be that the energy storage device and the piston body are connected by a rigid component, such as an oil passage cavity, or that the energy storage device and the piston body are connected by a flexible pipeline, etc.

[0052] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0053] First, the main structure of a gas-liquid compound shock absorber of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0054] 1. From a functional perspective, the main structure realizes all the functions of the shock absorber and the spring: the telescopic and force-bearing functions of the spring, and the damping function generated by the shock absorber during telescoping, achieving a high degree of integration of structure and function.

[0055] Damping function: In the present invention, a damper is provided inside the oil space jointly composed of the oil space formed between the upper piston chamber and the first energy storage device, the oil space of the upper piston chamber, and the oil space of the first energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing;

[0056] Or a damper is provided inside the oil space jointly composed of the oil space formed between the lower piston chamber and the second energy storage device, the oil space of the lower piston chamber, and the oil space of the second energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing;

[0057] Or a damper is provided inside the oil space jointly composed of the oil space formed between the upper piston chamber and the first energy storage device, the oil space of the upper piston chamber, and the oil space of the first energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing; a damper is provided inside the oil space jointly composed of the oil space formed between the lower piston chamber and the second energy storage device, the oil space of the lower piston chamber, and the oil space of the second energy storage device, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing. The damper is the position where damping is generated. When the piston moves, the oil passes through the damper, thereby generating a damping force, thus realizing the function of the shock absorber.

[0058] Inside the energy storage device, a deformable gas storage chamber is provided, and its functions are as follows:

[0059] (1) Prevent the compressible gas from mixing with the oil and generating an emulsification phenomenon.

[0060] (2) Prevent the compressible gas from entering the damper and causing damping failure.

[0061] (3) Prevent the compressible gas from entering the piston cavity and causing seal failure.

[0062] Spring function: The piston cavity adopted in the present invention is divided into an upper piston chamber and a lower piston chamber by a piston head at one end of the piston rod; the upper piston chamber is communicated with the first energy storage device, and the lower piston chamber is communicated with the second energy storage device. Such a structure enables the force to be transmitted to the oil through the piston rod and the piston, and then transmitted to the deformable gas storage chamber through the oil. The deformable gas storage chamber is compressed, and the gas pressure inside the deformable gas storage chamber rises, generating a rebound force, thereby realizing the function of the spring.

[0063] However, traditional shock absorbers do not have spring functions, let alone achieve a high degree of integration of structure and function.

[0064] 2. From a mechanical perspective, the force-bearing situation of the deformable air chamber: The force is transmitted through the piston rod and piston to the hydraulic oil, and then through the all-round transmission of the hydraulic oil to the force-bearing surface of the deformable air chamber, which has great superiority compared with the traditional structural components directly contacting the deformable air chamber to conduct the force. In the existing traditional structural components directly contacting the deformable air chamber, the force is directly transmitted between the contact surfaces of the two, which easily causes friction and uneven force application, affecting the service life; or creases are easily generated in non-contact areas, resulting in a short service life.

[0065] 3. From a mechanical perspective, the first energy storage chamber serves as the force-bearing chamber and the second energy storage chamber serves as the non-force-bearing chamber. The force-bearing chamber is used to directly bear the pressure transmitted by the piston; when the piston moves up and down, the volume of the lower chamber of the piston changes, and the non-force-bearing chamber is responsible for replenishing and receiving the changing oil volume in the lower chamber of the piston; when the piston rod extends to the longest, the deformable air chamber of the second energy storage chamber is compressed, causing the pressure to increase, the pressure in the lower chamber of the piston to increase, and generating a pressure on the piston, prompting the piston to have a tendency to return, playing a certain auxiliary role. This enables the shock absorber not to extend to the bottom when a wheel of the vehicle is suspended, playing a certain role in vehicle safety. Traditional shock absorbers do not have a force-bearing chamber and a non-force-bearing chamber, let alone the auxiliary function of the non-force-bearing chamber.

[0066] 4. From a thermodynamics perspective, the deformable air chamber immersed in hydraulic oil has excellent heat dissipation performance. Because the thermal conductivity of the hydraulic oil is relatively high, when heat is generated, the hydraulic oil can quickly conduct the heat to the housing and dissipate it in the air. For the deformable air chamber, the effect of rapid heat conduction and dissipation effectively avoids the problem of aging of the deformable air chamber at high temperatures and extends its service life. In the existing technology, the airbag is exposed to the air, and the thermal conductivity of the air is low and the heat transfer is slower. When the shock absorber moves violently, heat is easily accumulated inside, resulting in too high a temperature and affecting the service life.

[0067] The fixed iron core of the damper contains a coil, and the coil immersed in hydraulic oil has excellent heat dissipation performance; because the thermal conductivity of the hydraulic oil is relatively high, when the coil generates heat, the hydraulic oil can quickly conduct the heat to the housing and dissipate it in the air. For the coil of the fixed iron core, the effect of rapid heat conduction and dissipation effectively avoids the problem of aging of the coil of the fixed iron core at high temperatures and extends its service life. In the existing technology, the coil is exposed to the air, and the thermal conductivity of the air is low and the heat transfer is slower. When adjusting the damper quickly, at high frequency, and for a long time, heat is easily accumulated inside, resulting in too high a temperature and affecting the service life.

[0068] 5. From a safety perspective, the deformable air chamber is inside the shock absorber. The deformable air chamber with an outer wall providing protection has the following advantages: First, when the outer wall of the energy storage device has sufficient strength, there is no risk of bursting for the deformable air chamber; second, with the protection of the outer wall, it can be isolated from the influence of external factors and damaged, such as strong ultraviolet rays, chemical pollution, impact by foreign objects such as sediment, sand, and gravel. For existing air springs, their airbags are exposed to the air and are easily affected by external environmental conditions and quickly age, such as strong ultraviolet rays, chemical pollution, etc.; during driving, the airbags are easily damaged by foreign objects, such as the airbag being caught with sediment, sand, stones, etc., or during vehicle driving, they are easily impacted (struck) by debris objects such as sand and stones, directly causing the airbag to burst on the spot, seriously affecting driving safety.

[0069] 6. From a controllable (expandable) perspective, the oil in the upper and lower chambers can be adjusted, which can accurately and quickly control the movement of the piston, providing a basic condition for intelligent control or adjustment of the vehicle body.

[0070] 7. From a controllable (expandable) perspective, the pressure and volume of the deformable air chambers above and below can be adjusted, which can control the softness and hardness of the deformable air chambers, providing a basic condition for adjustable stiffness of the "spring".

[0071] Second, the length adjustment of a gas-liquid compound shock absorber of the present invention

[0072] There are two methods: One is to adjust the expansion degree of the deformable air chamber arranged in the energy storage device through the air charging and discharging holes; the other is to adjust the volume of the oil in the energy storage chamber and the piston chamber through the oil inlet and outlet. When the length adjustment is carried out separately or simultaneously by the two methods, it is possible to actively control the vehicle body posture at any time when the vehicle is driving or stationary. For example, actively adjust the vehicle body to rise and fall, actively adjust the vehicle body to suppress the left and right tilts generated during turning while driving, the forward tilt generated during braking or going downhill, and the rear tilt generated during acceleration or going uphill, etc., in various situations of the vehicle body posture.

[0073] For most existing shock absorbers, due to their structural forms, it is impossible to adjust the length of the shock absorber, let alone actively control the vehicle body posture; for existing technologies that can adjust the vehicle body to rise and fall, such as air suspensions, but existing air springs cannot accurately and quickly adjust the vehicle body posture. The main reason is that the volume of air is different under different pressures, so it is impossible to accurately and quickly adjust to the required vehicle body posture. In addition, the outlet pressure and flow rate values of the air compression pump are constantly changing and require a relatively long response time. Therefore, most are only suitable for adjusting the vehicle body height in a stationary state and are not suitable for dynamically and quickly and accurately adjusting the vehicle body posture.

[0074] Third, the damping adjustment of a gas-liquid compound shock absorber of the present invention

[0075] The three dampers used in the present invention control the gear positions of the switch board, the adjusting plate or the adjusting cylinder through an electronic control system, thereby adjusting the oil passing area of the oil, and further realizing the adjustment of the damping force of the shock absorber. The electronic control system controls the damping force of the shock absorber, with a faster, more sensitive and more direct response. Such an adjustment method is more flexible, so that active intelligent control of the vehicle body attitude can be realized. For example, when braking suddenly, the damping is increased to suppress the forward tilt of the vehicle; when driving on an uneven road, the damping is reduced to make the driving and riding experience more comfortable; when driving on a flat or highway section, the damping is increased to make the vehicle more stable.

[0076] For traditional shock absorbers, the damping force cannot be actively adjusted; for the modified shock absorbers on the market, although the damping force can be actively adjusted, it needs to be manually adjusted when the vehicle is stationary and cannot be adjusted at any time according to road conditions or emergencies during vehicle driving, lacking flexibility and being inconvenient to use.

[0077] The damper is provided with an auxiliary passage, which is used to ensure the minimum oil passing area of the damper when it is adjusted to the maximum damping force or in case of misoperation, so as to ensure the normal use of the shock absorber. The auxiliary passage can be optimized according to different design parameters, leaving an optional means for subsequent parameter design.

[0078] The damper is provided with a gear position limiting bead, and its functions are as follows:

[0079] 1. As long as the limiting bead moves to the edge of the limiting pit, it can smoothly move to the center position of the limiting pit, which can avoid the insufficient accuracy of the electric control mechanism, affecting that the switch board, the adjusting plate or the adjusting cylinder cannot accurately reach the gear position. If this happens, it will affect that the holes of the switch board, the adjusting plate or the adjusting cylinder cannot completely coincide with the fixed holes, reducing the oil passing area of the holes and thus affecting the damping.

[0080] 2. Its function also lies in that when the limiting bead and the limiting pit cooperate, they limit the displacement of the switch board, the adjusting plate or the adjusting cylinder, so that after the damper completes the damping adjustment, the power supply can be cut off, saving the vehicle battery power.

[0081] Fourth, the stiffness adjustment of the "spring" of a gas-liquid compound shock absorber of the present invention

[0082] The present invention adjusts the air pressure value in the deformable gas storage chamber in the energy storage device through the air charging and discharging hole, so as to adjust the softness and hardness of the deformable gas storage chamber, and thus realize the adjustment of the "spring" stiffness.

[0083] Fifth, the first and second energy storage devices of the present invention are provided with an oil passage partition or an oil passage groove. When the energy storage chamber is filled with oil, when the deformable gas storage chamber is completely attached to the inner cylinder wall, the oil quickly flows to the attachment surface, playing a role in guiding the oil flow, preventing the deformation generated when the deformable gas storage chamber is compressed, and achieving the purpose of quickly filling the energy storage chamber with oil; when the energy storage chamber discharges oil, it prevents the local oil storage inside the deformable gas storage chamber due to uneven pressure, enabling the deformable gas storage chamber to completely attach to the inner cylinder wall and increasing the usage efficiency of the deformable gas storage chamber.

[0084] Sixth, the present invention has a relatively small risk of oil leakage

[0085] 1. Both the upper and lower piston chambers are connected to the energy storage device, and the upper chamber serves as the main stress-bearing chamber. The upper chamber is connected to the first energy storage device, and the structure is closed, without the risk of oil leakage caused by stress.

[0086] 2. When the piston head works for a long time, there is a risk of oil leakage, but this phenomenon only occurs in the oil leakage between the internal cavities of the shock absorber and there is no external oil leakage.

[0087] 3. The lower chamber is not the main stress-bearing chamber and has a relatively small pressure. The function of the second energy storage device is to buffer and store oil, and the risk of oil leakage is relatively small.

[0088] Therefore, the sealing of the present invention is more reasonable and reliable.

[0089] Seventh, a one-way valve is provided in the present invention. The one-way valve can initially control the rebound speed of the shock absorber. Since different types of vehicles have different requirements for the suspension stiffness, the installation direction and quantity of the one-way valve can be adjusted. The one-way valve initially controls the oil flow rate and acts together with the damper to meet the requirements of different types of vehicles for the suspension stiffness.

[0090] Eighth, in summary, the present invention has significant technological progress both technically and structurally:

[0091] 1. Technically, it can realize the adjustment functions of the length, damping, and "spring" stiffness of the active control shock absorber in three dimensions.

[0092] 2. Structurally, a gas-liquid compound shock absorber of the present invention realizes the highly integrated "spring", shock absorber, and damper; the traditional spring can be omitted from the chassis, further simplifying the body structure, reducing the number of chassis components, and making the chassis structure more refined. Description of the Drawings

[0093] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 2 is the cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 3 is the isometric view of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 4 is the exploded view of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the adjustable plate damper;

[0098] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0099] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

[0103] Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the seventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0104] Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic switch damper;

[0105] Figure 13 is Figure 12 the top view of;

[0106] Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment using the electromagnetic switch damper;

[0107] Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of the adjustable cylinder damper;

[0108] Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment using the adjustable cylinder damper;

[0109] In the figure, 11 is the first energy storage device; 1110 is the first energy storage chamber; 1120 is the first deformable gas storage chamber; 1130 is the outer wall of the first energy storage device; 1131 is the first charging and discharging hole; 1140 is the inner wall of the first energy storage device; 1141 is the oil passing groove of the first energy storage device; 1150 is the upper wall of the first energy storage device; 1151 is the oil passing channel of the first energy storage device; 1160 is the lower wall of the first energy storage device; 1170 is the oil passing partition of the first energy storage device; 1171 is the oil passing hole of the first energy storage device;

[0110] 12. Second energy storage device; 1210. Second energy storage chamber; 1220. Second deformable gas storage chamber; 1230. Outer wall of the second energy storage device; 1231. Second charging and discharging hole; 1240. Inner wall of the second energy storage device; 1241. Oil passing groove of the second energy storage device; 1250. Upper wall of the second energy storage device; 1260. Lower wall of the second energy storage device; 1261. Oil passing channel of the second energy storage device; 1270. Oil passing partition of the second energy storage device; 1271. Oil passing hole of the second energy storage device;

[0111] 13. Piston body; 1310. Piston head; 1311. Piston ring; 1320. Upper piston chamber; 1330. Lower piston chamber; 1340. Piston chamber wall; 1350. Piston rod; 1351. Fixed end; 1360. Oil passing channel;

[0112] 14. Electromagnetic switch type damper; 1410. Base A; 1411. Gear position limiting spring A; 1412. Gear position limiting ball A; 1413. Base fixing hole channel A; 1414. Base oil passing channel A; 1420. Switch plate A; 1421. Moving iron core A; 1422. Adjusting hole channel A; 1423. Adjusting auxiliary hole channel A; 1424. Gear position limiting pit A; 1425. Ball groove A; 1426. Ball A; 1430. Fixed iron core A; 1440. Cover plate A; 1441. Cover plate fixing hole channel A; 1442. Cover plate oil passing channel A;

[0113] 15. Upper oil passing cavity; 1510. Upper oil passing cavity chamber; 1520. Outer wall of the upper oil passing cavity; 1530. Inner wall of the upper oil passing cavity; 1540. Upper wall of the upper oil passing cavity; 1550. Lower wall of the upper oil passing cavity;

[0114] 16. Lower oil passing cavity; 1610. Lower oil passing cavity chamber; 1620. Outer wall of the lower oil passing cavity; 1630. Inner wall of the lower oil passing cavity; 1640. Upper wall of the lower oil passing cavity; 1650. Lower wall of the lower oil passing cavity;

[0115] 17. Auxiliary and sealing structure; 1710. Lower end cover; 1711. Sealing oil seal; 1712. Dust-proof oil seal; 1720. Sealing rubber sleeve; 1730. Lower end cover of the sealing rubber sleeve; 1740. Upper end cover; 1750. Check valve; 1751. Check valve retaining ring; 1760. First oil passing hole; 1770. Second oil passing hole; 1780. First oil liquid inlet and outlet; 1790. Second oil liquid inlet and outlet;

[0116] 18. Displacement sensor; 1810. Electronic chamber; 1820. Measuring rod; 1830. Permanent magnet ring;

[0117] 19. Orifice plate motor damper; 1910. Fixed plate B; 1911. Fixed plate fixing hole B; 1912. Fixed plate auxiliary hole B; 1913. Fixed plate oil passage B; 1914. Gear position limiting spring B; 1915. Gear position limiting ball B; 1920. Adjusting plate B; 1921. Adjusting hole B; 1922. Adjusting auxiliary hole B; 1923. Ball groove B; 1924. Ball B; 1925. Gear position limiting pit B; 1930. Cover plate B; 1931. Cover plate fixing hole B; 1932. Cover plate auxiliary hole B; 1940. Rotating mechanism B; 1941. Transmission rod B; 1942. Upper bearing of transmission rod B; 1943. Lower bearing of transmission rod B; 1950. Total limiter B; 1951. Total limiting block B; 1952. Total limiting groove B.

[0118] 20. Adjustable cylinder damper; 2010. Adjusting cylinder C; 2011. Adjusting hole C; 2012. Adjusting auxiliary hole C; 2013. Upper bearing of adjusting cylinder C; 2014. Lower bearing of adjusting cylinder C; 2015. Gear position limiting pit C; 2020. Fixed cylinder C; 2021. Fixed cylinder fixing hole C; 2022. Fixed cylinder auxiliary hole C; 2030. Rotating mechanism C; 2031. Transmission rod C; 2032. Upper bearing of transmission rod C; 2033. Lower bearing of transmission rod C; 2040. Fixed cylinder cover plate C; 2041. Gear position limiting spring C; 2042. Gear position limiting ball C; 2050. Total limiter C; 2051. Total limiting block C; 2052. Total limiting groove C. Detailed implementation mode

[0119] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the specification and embodiments. The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0120] Detailed implementation mode one: Combine Figures 1 to 5Description of this embodiment. In this embodiment, a gas-liquid compound shock absorber includes a damper, a first energy storage device 11, a second energy storage device 12, and a piston body 13. A piston rod 1350 is arranged inside the piston cavity wall 1340 of the piston body 13. The inside of the piston cavity wall 1340 is a piston cavity, and the piston cavity is divided into an upper piston chamber 1320 and a lower piston chamber 1330 by a piston head 1310 at one end of the piston rod 1350. The upper piston chamber 1320 is communicated with the first energy storage device 11, and the lower piston chamber 1330 is communicated with the second energy storage device 12. A damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the upper piston chamber 1320 and the first energy storage device 11, the oil space of the upper piston chamber 1320, and the oil space of the first energy storage device 11, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing. The outer wall 1130 of the first energy storage device 11 of the first energy storage device is connected to the piston cavity wall 1340, the outer wall 1230 of the second energy storage device 12 of the second energy storage device is connected to the piston cavity wall 1340, the lower wall 1160 of the first energy storage device 11 of the first energy storage device and the upper wall 1250 of the second energy storage device 12 of the second energy storage device are connected up and down, and the first energy storage device 11 and the second energy storage device 12 and the piston body 13 form a double-barrel structure.

[0121] Description of the installation position of the damper:

[0122] There are three ways to install the damper:

[0123] 1. A damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the upper piston chamber 1320 and the first energy storage device 11, the oil space of the upper piston chamber 1320, and the oil space of the first energy storage device 11, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing.

[0124] 2. A damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the lower piston chamber 1330 and the second energy storage device 12, the oil space of the lower piston chamber 1330, and the oil space of the second energy storage device 12, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing.

[0125] 3. A damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the upper piston chamber 1320 and the first energy storage device 11, the oil space of the upper piston chamber 1320, and the oil space of the first energy storage device 11, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing; a damper is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the lower piston chamber 1330 and the second energy storage device 12, the oil space of the lower piston chamber 1330, and the oil space of the second energy storage device 12, so that the oil flows through the damper when flowing.

[0126] In Figures 1 to 6In the described embodiment, the damping device is arranged in the manner of the first item among the above three options. Based on the position described in the first item, it is obvious to think of the positions described in the second and third items. Therefore, the content of the second and third items is not reflected in this embodiment.

[0127] In a preferred embodiment, the first energy storage device 11 includes a first energy storage chamber 1110 and a first deformable gas storage chamber 1120; the first deformable gas storage chamber 1120 is arranged inside the first energy storage chamber 1110, and the first energy storage chamber 1110 is a chamber surrounded by a first energy storage outer wall 1130, a first energy storage inner wall 1140, a first energy storage upper wall 1150, and a first energy storage lower wall 1160.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment, a first energy storage oil partition 1170 is arranged inside the first energy storage chamber 1110, and a plurality of first energy storage oil through holes 1171 are arranged on the first energy storage oil partition 1170.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, the second energy storage device 12 includes a second energy storage chamber 1210 and a second deformable gas storage chamber 1220; the second deformable gas storage chamber 1220 is arranged inside the second energy storage chamber 1210, and the second energy storage chamber 1210 is a chamber surrounded by a second energy storage outer wall 1230, a second energy storage inner wall 1240, a second energy storage upper wall 1250, and a second energy storage lower wall 1260.

[0130] In a preferred embodiment, a second energy storage oil partition 1270 is arranged inside the second energy storage chamber 1210, and a plurality of second energy storage oil through holes 1271 are arranged on the second energy storage oil partition 1270.

[0131] Description of the deformable gas storage chamber:

[0132] 1. The material of the deformable gas storage chamber can be rubber, elastically deformable metal, etc.

[0133] 2. The shape and implementation manner of the deformable gas storage chamber can be changed. It can be a complete deformable gas storage chamber, or a deformable gas storage chamber formed by combining with the inner wall or outer wall of the shock absorber, etc.

[0134] Description of the oil through groove:

[0135] When the energy storage chamber is filled with oil, when the deformable gas storage chamber is completely attached to the inner cylinder wall, the oil liquid quickly passes through the oil passing groove to the attachment surface, playing a role in guiding the oil liquid, preventing the deformation generated when the deformable gas storage chamber is compressed, and achieving the purpose of quickly filling the energy storage chamber with oil; when the energy storage chamber discharges oil, it prevents local oil storage inside the deformable gas storage chamber due to uneven pressure, enables the deformable gas storage chamber to completely attach to the inner cylinder wall, and increases the usage efficiency of the deformable gas storage chamber.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment, the first deformable gas storage chamber 1120 is provided with a first charging and discharging hole 1131, and the first charging and discharging hole 1131 extends out of the outer wall 1130 of the first energy storage device; the second deformable gas storage chamber 1220 is provided with a second charging and discharging hole 1231, and the second charging and discharging hole 1231 extends out of the outer wall 1230 of the second energy storage device;

[0137] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the piston rod 1350 located inside the piston cavity is connected to a piston head 1310, and the other end extending out of the piston cavity is provided with a fixed end 1351, and a piston ring 1311 is installed on the piston head 1310;

[0138] The oil liquid space formed between the upper piston chamber 1320 and the first energy storage device 11 is the upper oil passing cavity 15, and the upper oil passing cavity 15 is communicated with the upper piston chamber 1320 through a first oil passing hole 1760; the oil liquid space formed between the lower piston chamber 1330 and the second energy storage device 12 is the lower oil passing cavity 16, and the lower oil passing cavity 16 is communicated with the lower piston chamber 1330 through a second oil passing hole 1770;

[0139] A check valve is arranged inside the oil liquid space jointly composed of the oil liquid space formed between the upper piston chamber 1320 and the first energy storage device 11, the oil liquid space of the upper piston chamber 1320, and the oil liquid space of the first energy storage device 11.

[0140] In a preferred embodiment, the inside of the upper oil passing cavity 15 is the upper oil passing cavity chamber 1510, and the upper oil passing cavity chamber 1510 is a chamber surrounded by an outer wall 1520 of the upper oil passing cavity, an inner wall 1530 of the upper oil passing cavity, an upper wall 1540 of the upper oil passing cavity, and a lower wall 1550 of the upper oil passing cavity;

[0141] The inside of the lower oil passing cavity 16 is the lower oil passing cavity chamber 1610, and the lower oil passing cavity chamber 1610 is a chamber surrounded by an outer wall 1620 of the lower oil passing cavity, an inner wall 1630 of the lower oil passing cavity, an upper wall 1640 of the lower oil passing cavity, and a lower wall 1650 of the lower oil passing cavity.

[0142] The connection mode between the piston chamber and the energy storage device in the present invention:

[0143] 1. The upper piston chamber 1320 is directly communicated with the first energy storage device 11, or the upper piston chamber 1320 is communicated with the first energy storage device 11 through the upper oil passing cavity 15.

[0144] 2. The lower chamber 1330 of the piston is directly communicated with the second energy storage device 12, or the lower chamber 1330 of the piston is communicated with the second energy storage device 12 through the lower oil passage chamber 16.

[0145] In this embodiment, the upper chamber 1320 of the piston is communicated with the first energy storage device 11 through the upper oil passage chamber 15; the lower chamber 1330 of the piston is communicated with the second energy storage device 12 through the lower oil passage chamber 16. Combinations of other communication methods are obvious and are not reflected in this embodiment.

[0146] Description of the check valve:

[0147] There are three ways to set the check valve:

[0148] 1. A check valve is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the upper chamber 1320 of the piston and the first energy storage device 11, the oil space of the upper chamber 1320 of the piston, and the oil space of the first energy storage device 11.

[0149] 2. A check valve is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the lower chamber 1330 of the piston and the second energy storage device 12, the oil space of the lower chamber 1330 of the piston, and the oil space of the second energy storage device 12.

[0150] 3. A check valve 1750 is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the upper chamber 1320 of the piston and the first energy storage device 11, the oil space of the upper chamber 1320 of the piston, and the oil space of the first energy storage device 11; a check valve 1750 is arranged inside the oil space jointly formed by the oil space formed between the lower chamber 1330 of the piston and the second energy storage device 12, the oil space of the lower chamber 1330 of the piston, and the oil space of the second energy storage device 12.

[0151] In Figures 1 to 6 In the described embodiment, the installation position of the check valve 1750 is the first item among the above three options, and through the position described in the first item, it is easy to think of the positions described in the second item and the third item, which is obvious. Therefore, the contents of the second item and the third item are not reflected in this embodiment, and the check valve 1750 is installed and fixed through the check valve retaining ring 1751.

[0152] The one-way valve 1750 can control the rebound speed of the shock absorber. Since different types of vehicles have different requirements for the suspension stiffness, the installation direction and quantity of the one-way valve 1750 can be adjusted. The one-way valve 1750 initially controls the oil flow rate and works together with the damper to meet the requirements of different types of vehicles for the suspension stiffness. In this embodiment, the oil passage 1360 is arranged inside the upper piston chamber 1320. Part of the oil passage 1360 allows oil to pass through, and the one-way valve 1750 is installed at another part of the oil passage 1360.

[0153] The one-way valve 1750, as a directional opening and closing element, can control the opening and closing of the orifice when the oil flows in different directions. The one-way valve used in the present invention can also be replaced by existing technologies with the same function, such as a spring plus a steel ball, a spring piece, etc. No detailed examples will be given in the present invention.

[0154] In a preferred embodiment, the shock absorber further includes a displacement sensor 18. The displacement sensor 18 includes an electronic chamber 1810, a measuring rod 1820, and a permanent magnet ring 1830. The electronic chamber 1810 is arranged on the upper end cap 1740, the permanent magnet ring 1830 is arranged on the piston head 1310, and the measuring rod 1820 is electrically connected to the electronic chamber 1810. The measuring rod 1820 sequentially passes through the upper piston chamber 1320 and the permanent magnet ring 1830 and then extends into the inside of the piston rod 1350.

[0155] In a preferred embodiment, the shock absorber further includes an accessory and sealing structure 17. The accessory and sealing structure 17 includes a lower end cap 1710, a sealing rubber sleeve 1720, a lower end cap of the sealing rubber sleeve 1730, and an upper end cap 1740. The lower end cap 1710 is arranged at the lower end of the shock absorber, and the upper end cap 1740 is arranged at the upper end of the shock absorber. A sealing oil seal 1711 and a dust oil seal 1712 are arranged inside the lower end cap 1710. The lower end cap 1710 is connected to the end of the piston chamber wall 1340. The piston rod 1350 passes through the sealing rubber sleeve 1720. One end of the sealing rubber sleeve 1720 is installed on the lower end cap 1710, and the other end is installed on the lower end cap of the sealing rubber sleeve 1730.

[0156] In a preferred embodiment, the accessory and sealing structure 17 includes a first oil inlet and outlet 1780 and a second oil inlet and outlet 1790. The first oil inlet and outlet 1780 is used for filling and discharging oil from the upper piston chamber 1320, and the second oil inlet and outlet 1790 is used for filling and discharging oil from the lower piston chamber 1330.

[0157] In a preferred embodiment, the damper is an adjustable plate damper 19. The adjustable plate damper B19 includes a fixed plate B1910, an adjustable plate B1920, a cover plate B1930, and a rotating mechanism B1940. The adjustable plate B1920 is rotatably connected between the fixed plate B1910 and the cover plate B1930. The cover plate B1930 and the fixed plate B1910 are fixedly connected. The rotating mechanism B1940 includes a transmission rod B1941. One end of the transmission rod B1941 is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism B1940, and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustable plate B1920. The rotating mechanism B1940 drives the adjustable plate B1920 to rotate through the transmission rod B1941.

[0158] The fixed plate B1910 is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped regions, which are the same as the fan-shaped regions divided by the cover plate and the adjustable plate. The fixed plate B1910 is provided with a fixed plate fixing hole B1911, a fixed plate auxiliary hole B1912, and a fixed plate oil passage B1913 according to the fan-shaped regions.

[0159] The cover plate 1930 is provided with a cover plate fixing hole B1931 and a cover plate auxiliary hole B1932 according to the fan-shaped regions. In the same fan-shaped region, the cover plate fixing hole B1931 is correspondingly arranged with the fixed plate fixing hole B1911, and the cover plate auxiliary hole B1932 is correspondingly arranged with the fixed plate auxiliary hole B1912.

[0160] The adjustable plate B1920 is provided with an adjustment hole B1921 and an adjustment auxiliary hole B1922 according to the fan-shaped regions. In the same fan-shaped region, the adjustment hole B1921 is correspondingly arranged with the fixed plate fixing hole B1911, and the adjustment auxiliary hole B1922 is correspondingly arranged with the fixed plate auxiliary hole B1912. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the adjustable plate B1920 are provided with ball grooves B1923 or concave-convex grooves. The adjustable plate B1920 is slidably connected to the fixed plate B1910 and the cover plate B1930 through the balls B1924 in the ball grooves B1923 or the concave-convex grooves.

[0161] A gear position limiting bead B1915 is arranged on the surface of the fixed plate B1910 or the cover plate B1930 in contact with the adjustable plate B1920. A gear position limiting spring B1914 is arranged below the gear position limiting bead B1915. On the contact surface of the adjustable plate B1920 with the gear position limiting bead B1915, gear position limiting pits B1925 are arranged according to the gear positions.

[0162] The adjustable plate damper 19 further includes a total limiter B1950. The total limiter B1950 includes a total limiting block B1951 and a total limiting groove B1952. The total limiting block B1951 is arranged on the adjustable plate B1920 in contact with the cover plate B1930. The total limiting groove B1952 is arranged on the cover plate B1930 in contact with the adjustable plate B1920. The total limiting block B1951 is slidably connected to the total limiting groove B1952.

[0163] Description of the rotating mechanism B:

[0164] The rotating mechanism B can adopt existing technologies such as motor rotation adjustment, manual rotation adjustment, and hydraulic rotation adjustment, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0165] Description of the orifice of the adjustable plate damper:

[0166] Combined with Figure 8 As shown, the cover plate B, the fixing plate B, and the adjusting plate B are all divided into four fan-shaped regions. The fixing holes and auxiliary holes of the cover plate B and the fixing plate B in each region are correspondingly arranged. The fixing holes are 9 circular holes in 3 columns, and the auxiliary holes are 4 square holes in 2 columns. The adjusting holes B of the adjusting plate B in each region are 9 circular holes in 3 columns, and the adjusting auxiliary holes B are 4 square holes in 2 columns. This design enables the adjustable plate damper to achieve three-stage adjustment. In the first gear, a total of 36 circular holes and 16 square holes are oil-passing; in the second gear, a total of 28 circular holes and 24 square holes are oil-passing; in the third gear, a total of 20 circular holes and 32 square holes are oil-passing, thus realizing three-stage adjustment of soft, medium, and hard. It is also possible to set multi-stage adjustment according to requirements.

[0167] This orifice design can increase the oil-passing area of each gear as a whole, improving the comfort of each gear of the vehicle; it can increase the oil-passing area of the medium and low gears, reducing the gap with the oil-passing area of the high gear, and realizing fine adjustment of the vehicle comfort; for the use functions of different vehicles, the auxiliary oil-passing holes can be set as required, reflecting the variability and applicability of the damper;

[0168] Description of the gear position limit of the adjustable plate damper:

[0169] There are three ways to set the gear position limit measures:

[0170] 1. Set at the contact surface between the adjusting plate B and the fixing plate B.

[0171] 2. Set at the contact surface between the adjusting plate B and the cover plate B.

[0172] 3. Set on the outer side surface of the adjusting plate.

[0173] In Figures 8 to 9 the described embodiment, the setting method of the gear position limit is the first item among the above three options. And through the position described in the first item, it is easy to think of the positions described in the second and third items, which is obvious. Therefore, the contents of the second and third items are not reflected in this embodiment.

[0174] Instructions for the use of the damper:

[0175] The use of the damper is not limited to the adjustable plate damper in this embodiment, and dampers of other existing technologies that conform to this embodiment can also be used.

[0176] Specific Embodiment 2: In combination with Figure 6 This embodiment is described. In this embodiment, Figure 6 It is a change diagram in which the structural forms of both the first deformable gas storage chamber and the second deformable gas storage chamber change.

[0177] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0178] Specific Embodiment 3: In combination with Figure 7 This embodiment is described. In this embodiment, the change in the position of the displacement sensor is reflected: The displacement sensor 18 includes an electronic bin 1810, a measuring rod 1820, and a permanent magnet ring 1830; the electronic bin 1810 is fixedly connected to the fixed end 1351 of the piston rod, the permanent magnet ring 1830 is arranged on the lower end cover 1710; the measuring rod 1820 is electrically connected to the electronic bin 1810; the measuring rod 1820 passes through the permanent magnet ring 1830 and moves synchronously with the piston rod.

[0179] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0180] Specific Embodiment 4: In combination with Figure 8 This embodiment is described. In this embodiment, the implementation of the oil passing groove is reflected:

[0181] The outer wall 1130 of the first energy storage device 11 is connected to the piston chamber wall 1340, the outer wall 1230 of the second energy storage device 12 is connected to the piston chamber wall 1340, the lower wall 1160 of the first energy storage device 11 and the upper wall 1250 of the second energy storage device 12 are connected up and down, and the first energy storage device 11 and the second energy storage device 12 form a double-barrel structure with the piston body 13.

[0182] The first energy storage device 11 includes a first energy storage chamber 1110 and a first deformable gas storage chamber 1120; the first deformable gas storage chamber 1120 is arranged inside the first energy storage chamber 1110, and the first energy storage chamber 1110 is a chamber surrounded by the outer wall 1130 of the first energy storage device, the inner wall 1140 of the first energy storage device, the upper wall 1150 of the first energy storage device, and the lower wall 1160 of the first energy storage device;

[0183] A plurality of first energy storage device oil passing grooves 1141 are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the side of the inner wall 1140 of the first energy storage device close to the first deformable gas storage chamber 1120, a plurality of first energy storage device oil passing channels 1151 are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the upper wall 1150 of the first energy storage device, and the first energy storage device oil passing channels 1151 are communicated with the corresponding first energy storage device oil passing grooves 1141;

[0184] The second energy storage device 12 includes a second energy storage chamber 1210 and a second deformable gas storage chamber 1220; the second deformable gas storage chamber 1220 is arranged inside the second energy storage chamber 1210, and the second energy storage chamber 1210 is a chamber surrounded by a second energy storage outer wall 1230, a second energy storage inner wall 1240, a second energy storage upper wall 1250 and a second energy storage lower wall 1260.

[0185] A plurality of second energy device oil grooves 1241 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the side of the second energy storage inner wall 1240 close to the second deformable gas storage chamber 1220, and a plurality of second energy storage oil channels 1261 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the second energy storage lower wall 1260. The second energy storage oil channels 1261 are communicated with the corresponding second energy device oil grooves 1241.

[0186] Description of the oil groove:

[0187] When the energy storage chamber is filled with oil, when the deformable gas storage chamber is completely attached to the inner cylinder wall, the oil liquid can quickly pass through the oil groove to the joint surface, playing a role in guiding the oil liquid, preventing the deformation generated when the deformable gas storage chamber is compressed, and achieving the purpose of quickly filling the energy storage chamber with oil; when the energy storage chamber discharges oil, it prevents local oil storage inside the deformable gas storage chamber due to uneven pressure, enables the deformable gas storage chamber to completely attach to the inner cylinder wall, and increases the use efficiency of the deformable gas storage chamber.

[0188] Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0189] Specific embodiment five: Combined with Figure 9 Describe this embodiment. In this embodiment, a shock absorber applying an oil groove is reflected, and the position change of its displacement sensor: The displacement sensor 18 includes an electronic bin 1810, a measuring rod 1820 and a permanent magnet ring 1830; the electronic bin 1810 is fixedly connected to the fixed end 1351 of the piston rod, and the permanent magnet ring 1830 is arranged on the lower end cover 1710; the measuring rod 1820 is electrically connected to the electronic bin 1810; the measuring rod 1820 passes through the permanent magnet ring 1830 and moves synchronously with the piston rod.

[0190] Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the fourth specific embodiment.

[0191] Specific embodiment six: Combined with Figures 10 to 11 Describe this embodiment. In this embodiment, an implementation manner of mixed use of an oil groove and an oil separation partition is reflected.

[0192] Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first and fourth specific embodiments.

[0193] Specific embodiment seven: Combined with Figures 12 to 14Description of this embodiment. In this embodiment, there is a gas-liquid compound shock absorber. The damper is an electromagnetic switch damper 14, and the electromagnetic switch damper 14 includes a base A1410, a switch plate A1420, and a cover plate A1440. The cover plate A1440 is fixedly connected to the base A1410, and the switch plate A1420 is arranged between the base A1410 and the cover plate A1440. On one side of the switch plate A1420 close to the side wall of the base A1410, a moving iron core A1421 is installed, and on the position of the side wall of the base A1410 corresponding to the moving iron core A1421, a fixed iron core A1430 is installed.

[0194] The cover plate A1440 is provided with a cover plate fixing hole channel A1441 and a cover plate oil passing channel A1442, and the bottom of the base A1410 is provided with a base fixing hole channel A1413 and a base oil passing channel A1414. The cover plate fixing hole channel A144 and the base fixing hole channel A1413 are correspondingly arranged. The cover plate oil passing channel A1442 and the base oil passing channel A1414 form a damper oil passing channel.

[0195] The switch plate A1420 is provided with an adjustment hole channel A1422 and an adjustment auxiliary hole channel A1423, and the adjustment hole channel A1422 and the adjustment auxiliary hole channel A1423 are arranged at intervals. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the switch plate A1420 are provided with ball grooves A1425 or concave-convex grooves, and the switch plate A1420 is slidably connected to the base A1410 and the cover plate A1440 through the balls A1426 in the ball grooves A1425 or the concave-convex grooves.

[0196] On the surface of the base A1410 in contact with the switch plate A1420, a gear position limiting bead A1412 is provided, and a gear position limiting spring A1411 is provided below the gear position limiting bead A1412. On the contact surface of the switch plate A1420 and the gear position limiting bead A1412, gear position limiting pits A1424 are set according to the gear positions.

[0197] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0198] Description of the holes of the electromagnetic switch damper:

[0199] The cover plate fixing hole channel A and the base fixing hole channel A are correspondingly arranged, and the adjustment hole channel A and the adjustment auxiliary hole channel A of the switch plate A are arranged at intervals. This design enables a single switch plate A to have two gear positions, namely:

[0200] 1. When the fixed iron core A is electrified to generate a magnetic field and attracts the moving iron core A of the switch plate A, the adjustment hole channel A, the cover plate fixing hole channel A, and the base fixing hole channel A coincide. At this time, the oil passing area in this area is the largest and the damping force is the smallest.

[0201] 2. When the fixed iron core A is energized to generate a magnetic field and repels the moving iron core A of the switch plate A, adjust the auxiliary channel A, the cover fixing channel A, and the base fixing channel A to coincide. At this time, the oil passing area in this region is the smallest and the damping force is the largest.

[0202] The electromagnetic switch type damper composed of multiple switch plates A can achieve multi-stage adjustment such as soft, medium, and hard. At the same time, by adjusting the setting of the auxiliary channel A, its function is also to ensure the minimum oil passing area when the damper is adjusted to the maximum damping force or in case of misoperation, ensuring the normal use of the shock absorber. The auxiliary channel A can be optimized according to different design parameters, and also leaves an optional means for subsequent parameter design.

[0203] Explanation of the gear limit for the electromagnetic switch type damper:

[0204] There are three ways to set the gear limit measures:

[0205] 1. Set at the contact surface between the switch plate A and the base A;

[0206] 2. Set at the contact surface between the switch plate A and the cover plate A;

[0207] 3. Set on the outer side surface of the switch plate.

[0208] In Figures 10 to 12 In the described implementation manner, the setting method of the gear limit is the first item among the above three options. Through the position described in the first item, it is easy to think of the positions described in the second and third items, which is obvious. Therefore, the content of the second and third items is not reflected in this embodiment.

[0209] Explanation of the fixed iron core and the moving iron core:

[0210] In this embodiment, the fixed iron core has a coil wound around its outer layer. After the coil is energized, the fixed iron core generates a magnetic force, causing the moving iron core to displace. This is common knowledge and will not be elaborated in this invention.

[0211] Explanation of the use of the damper:

[0212] The use of the damper is not limited to the electromagnetic switch type damper in this embodiment, and dampers of other existing technologies that conform to this embodiment can also be used.

[0213] Specific Embodiment Eight: In combination with Figures 15 to 16Description of this embodiment. In this embodiment, there is a gas-liquid compound shock absorber. The damper is an adjustable cylinder damper 20, and the adjustable cylinder damper 20 includes an adjustment cylinder C2010, a fixed cylinder C2020, and a rotation mechanism C2030. One end of the transmission rod C2031 is fixedly connected to the rotation mechanism C2030, and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustment cylinder C2010. The rotation mechanism C2030 drives the adjustment cylinder C2010 to rotate through the transmission rod C2031.

[0214] The fixed cylinder C2020 is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped regions, which are the same as the fan-shaped regions divided by the adjustment cylinder C2010. The fixed cylinder C2020 is provided with a fixed cylinder fixing hole C2021 and a fixed cylinder auxiliary hole C2022 according to the fan-shaped regions.

[0215] The adjustment cylinder C2010 is provided with an adjustment hole C2011 and an adjustment auxiliary hole C2012 according to the fan-shaped regions. In the same fan-shaped region, the adjustment hole C2011 is correspondingly arranged with the fixed cylinder fixing hole C2021, and the adjustment auxiliary hole C2012 is correspondingly arranged with the fixed cylinder auxiliary hole C2022. The adjustment cylinder C2010 is rotatably connected to the fixed cylinder C2020 through an upper adjustment cylinder bearing C2013 and a lower adjustment cylinder bearing C2014.

[0216] The adjustable cylinder damper 20 further includes a fixed cylinder cover plate C2040. The surface of the fixed cylinder cover plate C2040 in contact with the adjustment plate C2010 is provided with a gear position limit bead C2042, and a gear position limit spring C2041 is arranged below the gear position limit bead C2042. The contact surface of the adjustment cylinder C2010 with the gear position limit bead C2042 is provided with a gear position limit pit C2015 according to the gear positions.

[0217] The adjustable cylinder damper 20 further includes a total limiter C2050, and the total limiter C2050 includes a total limit block C2051 and a total limit groove C2052. The total limit block C2051 is arranged on the adjustment cylinder C2010 in contact with the fixed cylinder cover plate C2040. The total limit groove C2052 is arranged on the fixed cylinder cover plate C2040 in contact with the adjustment cylinder 2010, and the total limit block C2051 is slidably connected to the total limit groove.

[0218] Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0219] Description of the rotation mechanism:

[0220] The rotation mechanism C can adopt existing technologies such as motor rotation adjustment, manual rotation adjustment, and hydraulic rotation adjustment, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0221] Description of the holes of the adjustable cylinder damper: CombinedFigure 15 As shown, both the fixed cylinder C and the adjusting cylinder C are divided into four fan-shaped regions. In each region, there are 15 circular holes arranged in 3 columns in the fixed cylinder fixing holes C, and 6 square holes arranged in 2 columns in the fixed cylinder auxiliary holes C. In each region, there are 15 circular holes arranged in 3 columns in the adjusting holes C of the adjusting cylinder C, and 6 square holes arranged in 2 columns in the adjusting auxiliary holes C. This design enables the adjusting cylinder type damper to achieve three-stage adjustment. In the first gear, a total of 60 circular holes and 24 square holes are oil-passing; in the second gear, a total of 40 circular holes and 36 square holes are oil-passing; in the third gear, a total of 20 circular holes and 48 square holes are oil-passing, thus realizing three-stage adjustment of soft, medium, and hard. It is also possible to set multi-stage adjustment according to requirements.

[0223] This hole design can overall increase the oil-passing area of each gear, improving the comfort of each gear of the vehicle; it can increase the oil-passing area of the medium and low gears, reducing the gap with the oil-passing area of the high gear, and realizing fine adjustment of the vehicle comfort; it increases the uniformity of the oil passing, enabling the oil to pass through all regions of the adjusting cylinder, preventing uneven deformation or impact of the deformable air storage chamber due to uneven oil passing, and increasing the service life of the deformable air storage chamber; for the use functions of different vehicles, the auxiliary oil-passing holes can be set as required, reflecting the variability and applicability of the damper;

[0224] Instructions for using the damper:

[0225] The use of the damper is not limited to the adjusting cylinder type damper in this embodiment, and dampers of other existing technologies conforming to this embodiment can also be used.

[0226] The working principle of the present invention:

[0227] There are two ways to adjust the length of the gas-liquid compound shock absorber of the present invention: First, by adjusting the inflation and deflation holes, the expansion degree of the deformable air storage chamber is adjusted; second, by adjusting the oil inlet and outlet, the volume of the oil in the energy storage chamber and the oil cavity is adjusted. When adjusting the length separately or simultaneously in these two ways, active control of the vehicle body posture can be achieved.

[0228] When it is necessary to lower the vehicle body height of the shock absorber suspension system: The second deformable air storage chamber 1220 is inflated, the second oil inlet and outlet 1790 is filled with oil, the pressure in the lower piston chamber 1330 becomes larger, and the piston rod 1350 moves upward to achieve the purpose of lowering the vehicle body height.

[0229] When it is necessary to raise the vehicle body height of the shock absorber suspension system: The first deformable air storage chamber 1120 is inflated, the first oil inlet and outlet 1780 is filled with oil, the pressure in the upper piston chamber 1320 becomes larger, and the piston rod 1350 moves downward to achieve the purpose of raising the vehicle body height.

[0230] When the damper of the present invention is an electromagnetic switch type damper, its working principle is as follows: The fixed iron core A1430 is energized, and the fixed iron core A1430 generates a magnetic field, which attracts or repels the moving iron core A1421 on the switch plate A1420, adjusts the position of the switch plate A1420, thereby adjusting the oil passage area of the oil, and further realizing the adjustment of the damping force of the shock absorber.

[0231] When the damper of the present invention is an adjustable plate type damper or an adjustable cylinder type damper, its working principle is as follows: The adjustable plate B1920 or the adjustable cylinder C2010 is driven to rotate in gears by a rotating mechanism, thereby adjusting the oil passage area of the oil, and further realizing the adjustment of the damping force of the shock absorber.

[0232] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid composite shock absorber, characterized in that: The shock absorber comprises a damper, a first energy accumulator (11), a second energy accumulator (12) and a piston body (13); A piston rod (1350) is disposed inside the piston cavity wall (1340) of the piston body (13), and the interior of the piston cavity wall (1340) is a piston cavity, which is divided into an upper piston chamber (1320) and a lower piston chamber (1330) by a piston head (1310) at one end of the piston rod (1350); The piston upper chamber (1320) is in communication with the first energy accumulator (11), and the piston lower chamber (1330) is in communication with the second energy accumulator (12); A damper is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston upper chamber (1320) and the first accumulator (11), the oil space of the piston upper chamber (1320), and the oil space of the first accumulator (11), so that the oil flows through the damper; Or a damper is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston lower chamber (1330) and the second accumulator (12), the oil space of the piston lower chamber (1330), and the oil space of the second accumulator (12), so that the oil flows through the damper; Or a damper is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston upper chamber (1320) and the first accumulator (11), the oil space of the piston upper chamber (1320), and the oil space of the first accumulator (11), so that the oil flows through the damper; a damper is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston lower chamber (1330) and the second accumulator (12), the oil space of the piston lower chamber (1330), and the oil space of the second accumulator (12), so that the oil flows through the damper; The first energy accumulator outer wall (1130) of the first energy accumulator (11) is connected to the piston cavity wall (1340), the second energy accumulator outer wall (1230) of the second energy accumulator (12) is connected to the piston cavity wall (1340), the first energy accumulator lower wall (1160) of the first energy accumulator (11) and the second energy accumulator upper wall (1250) of the second energy accumulator (12) are connected up and down, and the first energy accumulator (11) and the second energy accumulator (12) form a double-tube structure with the piston body (13).

2. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first energy storage device (11) comprises a first energy storage device chamber (1110) and a first deformable gas storage chamber (1120); The first deformable gas storage chamber (1120) is arranged inside the first energy accumulator chamber (1110), and the first energy accumulator chamber (1110) is a chamber surrounded by a first energy accumulator outer wall (1130), a first energy accumulator inner wall (1140), a first energy accumulator upper wall (1150) and a first energy accumulator lower wall (1160).

3. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first energy accumulator oil grooves (1141) are evenly arranged on the circumference of one side of the first energy accumulator outer wall (1130) or the first energy accumulator inner wall (1140) close to the first deformable gas storage chamber (1120), and a plurality of first energy accumulator oil passages (1151) are evenly arranged on the circumference of the first energy accumulator upper wall (1150), and the first energy accumulator oil passages (1151) are connected to the corresponding first energy accumulator oil grooves (1141); Or a first energy accumulator oil barrier (1170) is provided inside the first energy accumulator chamber (1110), and the first energy accumulator oil barrier (1170) is provided with a plurality of first energy accumulator oil holes (1171); Alternatively, a first energy accumulator oil passage groove (1141) and a first energy accumulator oil passage partition (1170) are simultaneously provided inside the first energy accumulator chamber (1110).

4. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second energy storage device (12) comprises a second energy storage device chamber (1210) and a second deformable gas storage chamber (1220); The second deformable gas storage chamber (1220) is arranged inside the second energy accumulator chamber (1210), and the second energy accumulator chamber (1210) is a chamber surrounded by a second energy accumulator outer wall (1230), a second energy accumulator inner wall (1240), a second energy accumulator upper wall (1250) and a second energy accumulator lower wall (1260).

5. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of second energy accumulator oil grooves (1241) are evenly arranged on the circumference of one side of the second energy accumulator outer wall (1230) or the second energy accumulator inner wall (1240) close to the second deformable gas storage chamber (1220), and a plurality of second energy accumulator oil passages (1261) are evenly arranged on the circumference of the second energy accumulator lower wall (1260), and the second energy accumulator oil passages (1261) are connected to the corresponding second energy accumulator oil grooves (1241); Or a second energy accumulator oil partition (1270) is provided inside the second energy accumulator chamber (1210), and a plurality of second energy accumulator oil holes (1271) are provided on the second energy accumulator oil partition (1270); Alternatively, a second energy accumulator oil passage groove (1241) and a second energy accumulator oil passage partition (1270) are simultaneously provided inside the second energy accumulator chamber (1210).

6. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the piston rod (1350) located inside the piston cavity is connected to a piston head (1310), and the other end extending out of the piston cavity is provided with a fixed end (1351), and a piston ring (1311) is installed on the piston head (1310); An oil space is formed between the piston upper chamber (1320) and the first accumulator (11), which is an upper oil chamber (15). The upper oil chamber (15) is connected to the piston upper chamber (1320) through the first oil hole (1760); or the piston upper chamber (1320) and the first accumulator (11) are directly connected through the first oil hole (1760); The oil space formed between the piston lower chamber (1330) and the second accumulator (12) is a lower oil chamber (16), and the lower oil chamber (16) is connected to the piston lower chamber (1330) through the second oil hole (1770); or the piston lower chamber (1330) and the second accumulator (12) are directly connected through the second oil hole (1770); A one-way valve (1750) is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston upper chamber (1320) and the first accumulator (11), the oil space of the piston upper chamber (1320), and the oil space of the first accumulator (11); Or a one-way valve (1750) is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston lower chamber (1330) and the second accumulator (12), the oil space of the piston lower chamber (1330), and the oil space of the second accumulator (12); Or a one-way valve (1750) is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston upper chamber (1320) and the first accumulator (11), the oil space of the piston upper chamber (1320), and the oil space of the first accumulator (11); a one-way valve (1750) is arranged inside the oil space formed between the piston lower chamber (1330) and the second accumulator (12), the oil space of the piston lower chamber (1330), and the oil space of the second accumulator (12).

7. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber further comprises a displacement sensor (18), wherein the displacement sensor (18) comprises an electronic compartment (1810), a measuring rod (1820) and a permanent magnetic ring (1830); The electronic chamber (1810) is arranged on the upper end cover (1740), the permanent magnetic ring (1830) is arranged on the piston head (1310), and the measuring rod (1820) is electrically connected to the electronic chamber (1810); the measuring rod (1820) sequentially passes through the piston upper chamber (1320) and the permanent magnetic ring (1830) and then extends into the interior of the piston rod (1350); Alternatively, the shock absorber further comprises a displacement sensor (18), wherein the displacement sensor (18) comprises an electronic compartment (1810), a measuring rod (1820) and a permanent magnetic ring (1830); The electronic chamber (1810) is fixedly connected to the fixed end (1351) of the piston rod (1350), and the permanent magnet ring (1830) is arranged on the lower end cover (1710); the measuring rod (1820) is electrically connected to the electronic chamber (1810); the measuring rod (1820) passes through the permanent magnet ring (1830) and moves synchronously with the piston rod (1350).

8. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The damper is an electromagnetic switch damper (14), comprising a base A (1410), a switch plate A (1420) and a cover plate A (1440); the cover plate A (1440) is fixedly connected to the base A (1410), and the switch plate A (1420) is arranged between the base A (1410) and the cover plate A (1440); a moving iron core A (1421) is installed on one side of the switch plate A (1420) close to the side wall of the base A (1410), and a fixed iron core A (1430) is installed on the side wall of the base A (1410) at a position corresponding to the moving iron core A (1421); The cover plate A (1440) is provided with a cover plate fixing hole A (1441) and a cover plate oil passage A (1442); the bottom of the base A (1410) is provided with a base fixing hole A (1413) and a base oil passage A (1414); the cover plate fixing hole A (1441) and the base fixing hole A (1413) are provided correspondingly; the cover plate oil passage A (1442) and the base oil passage A (1414) constitute the damper oil passage. The switch plate A (1420) is provided with an adjustment hole A (1422) and an adjustment auxiliary hole A (1423), and the adjustment hole A (1422) and the adjustment auxiliary hole A (1423) are arranged at intervals from each other; The upper and lower surfaces of the switch plate A (1420) are both provided with ball grooves A (1425) or concave-convex grooves, and the switch plate A (1420) is slidably connected with the base A (1410) and the cover plate A (1440) through the balls A (1426) in the ball grooves A (1425) or the concave-convex grooves; The surface where the base A (1410) or the cover plate A (1440) contacts the switch plate A (1420) is provided with a gear position limiting bead A (1412), the lower part of the gear position limiting bead A (1412) is provided with a gear position limiting spring A (1411), and the contact surface between the switch plate A (1420) and the gear position limiting bead A (1412) is provided with a gear position limiting pit A (1424) according to the gear position.

9. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The damper is an adjustable plate damper B (19), which comprises a fixed plate B (1910), an adjustable plate B (1920), a cover plate B (1930) and a rotating mechanism B (1940); the adjustable plate B (1920) is rotatably connected between the fixed plate B (1910) and the cover plate B (1930), the cover plate B (1930) and the fixed plate B (1910) are fixedly connected, the rotating mechanism B (1940) comprises a transmission rod B (1941), one end of the transmission rod B (1941) is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism B (1940), and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustable plate B (1920), and the rotating mechanism B (1940) drives the adjustable plate B (1920) to rotate through the transmission rod B (1941); The fixed plate B (1910) is divided into a plurality of sector-shaped areas, which are the same as the sector-shaped areas divided by the cover plate B and the adjustment plate B; The fixed plate B (1910) is provided with a fixed plate fixing channel B (1911), a fixed plate auxiliary channel B (1912) and a fixed plate oil passage B (1913) according to a sector-shaped area; The cover plate B (1930) is provided with a cover plate fixing channel B (1931) and a cover plate auxiliary channel B (1932) according to the sector-shaped area. In the same sector-shaped area, the cover plate fixing channel B (1931) is arranged corresponding to the fixing plate fixing channel B (1911), and the cover plate auxiliary channel B (1932) is arranged corresponding to the fixing plate auxiliary channel B (1912); The adjusting plate B (1920) is provided with adjusting channels B (1921) and adjusting auxiliary channels B (1922) according to the sector-shaped areas. In the same sector-shaped area, the adjusting channels B (1921) are arranged corresponding to the fixing channels B (1911) of the fixing plate, and the adjusting auxiliary channels B (1922) are arranged corresponding to the fixing channels B (1912) of the fixing plate. The upper and lower surfaces of the adjustment plate B (1920) are both provided with ball grooves B (1923) or concave-convex grooves, and the adjustment plate B (1920) is slidably connected with the fixed plate B (1910) and the cover plate B (1930) through the balls B (1924) in the ball grooves B (1923) or the concave-convex grooves; The surface where the fixed plate B (1910) or the cover plate B (1930) contacts the adjusting plate B (1920) is provided with a gear position limiting bead B (1915), and the lower part of the gear position limiting bead B (1915) is provided with a gear position limiting spring spring B (1914); the contact surface between the adjusting plate B (1920) and the gear position limiting bead B (1915) is provided with a gear position limiting pit B (1925) according to the gear position; The adjusting plate damper B (19) further comprises a total stopper B (1950), wherein the total stopper B (1950) comprises a total stopper block B (1951) and a total stopper groove B (1952); the total stopper block B (1951) is arranged on the adjusting plate B (1920) in contact with the cover plate B (1930); the total stopper groove B (1952) is arranged on the cover plate B (1930) in contact with the adjusting plate B (1920), and the total stopper block B (1951) is slidably connected to the total stopper groove B (1952).

10. The gas-liquid composite shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The damper is an adjustable cylinder damper (20), which comprises an adjustable cylinder C (2010), a fixed cylinder C (2020) and a rotating mechanism C (2030); the rotating mechanism C (2030) comprises a transmission rod C (2031), one end of the transmission rod C (2031) is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism C (2030), and the other end of the transmission rod C (2031) is fixedly connected to the adjusting cylinder C (2010); the rotating mechanism C (2030) drives the adjusting cylinder C (2010) to rotate via the transmission rod C (2031); The fixed cylinder C (2020) is divided into a plurality of sector-shaped areas, which are the same as the sector-shaped areas divided by the adjustment cylinder C (2010); The fixed cylinder C (2020) is provided with a fixed cylinder fixed channel C (2021) and a fixed cylinder auxiliary channel C (2022) according to a sector-shaped area; The adjusting tube C (2010) is provided with an adjusting hole C (2011) and an adjusting auxiliary hole C (2012) according to the sector-shaped area. In the same sector-shaped area, the adjusting hole C (2011) is arranged correspondingly to the fixed hole C (221) of the fixing tube, and the adjusting auxiliary hole C (2012) is arranged correspondingly to the auxiliary hole C (222) of the fixing tube. The adjusting cylinder C (2010) is rotatably connected to the fixing cylinder C (2020) via an adjusting cylinder upper bearing C (2013) and an adjusting cylinder lower bearing C (2014); The adjustable cylinder damper (20) further comprises a fixed cylinder cover plate C (2040); a gear position limiting bead C (2042) is arranged on the surface of the fixed cylinder cover plate C (2040) in contact with the adjusting plate C (2010); a gear position limiting spring C (2041) is arranged at the lower part of the gear position limiting bead C (2042); a gear position limiting pit C (2015) is arranged on the contact surface between the adjusting cylinder C (2010) and the gear position limiting bead C (2042) according to the gear position; The adjustable cylinder damper (20) further comprises a total stopper C (2050), the total stopper C (2050) comprising a total stopper block C (2051) and a total stopper groove C (2052); the total stopper block C (2051) is arranged on the adjustable cylinder C (2010) in contact with the fixed cylinder cover plate C (2040); the total stopper groove C (2052) is arranged on the fixed cylinder cover plate C (2040) in contact with the adjustable cylinder C (2010), and the total stopper block C (2051) is slidably connected to the total stopper groove C (2052).

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