Cultivation method of cold-resistant corn seeds
By performing batch chemical mutagenesis and sterilization of corn seeds, the problem of reduced number of cold-resistant seeds and high disease rate during breeding is solved, and efficient cold-resistant seed cultivation and germination rate is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510260440.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Prior art During the breeding process, chemical mutagenesis of all seeds leads to a decrease in the number of cold-resistant seeds, and the presence of bacteria in corn seeds affects the germination rate, resulting in breeding failure.
By dividing corn seeds into two parts, chemical mutagenesis and routine treatment were performed separately, the characteristics of cold-resistant seeds in the original seeds were retained, and the seeds were soaked with bactericidal agents to kill pathogens.
The number of overall retained cold-resistant seeds has been increased, the breeding success rate has been improved, and the germination rate of corn seeds has been effectively improved, and the disease rate has been reduced.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seed cultivation, and specifically, to a method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds. Background Art
[0002] The origin of corn is in the areas of Mexico and Peru in Latin America. The history of human cultivation of corn is about more than seven thousand years. Corn is widely planted in the tropical and temperate regions of the earth and is an important cereal crop for humans. Due to the continuous development of products using corn as raw materials and the gradual improvement of people's living standards, the demand for corn in the world is growing rapidly. At present, the sown area of corn in China is about 300 million mu, second only to rice and wheat, ranking third among food crops. Corn is a typical warm-season crop. When the average temperature it is in is lower than 10 °C, the sowing and germination of corn will be greatly affected, resulting in a serious reduction in production. In spring in Northeast China, there are many winds and large temperature changes. Corn is prone to frost disasters when sown early, causing serious economic losses to farmers. At present, people usually cover the corn fields with plastic films for cold protection, but this method increases the labor intensity of farmers and the effect is not good.
[0003] In this regard, "Step I: Seed selection, using a grading screening method, select corn seeds without insect damage, without broken injuries, with large grains, a maturity greater than 90%, and a purity greater than 90% disclosed in Chinese Patent (Publication No.: CN106550869A);
[0004] Step II: Mutation breeding, irradiate the seeds selected in Step I with 60Co-γ rays to obtain radiation-induced mutant seeds, or soak the seeds selected in Step I in a chemical mutagen to obtain chemical mutant seeds;
[0005] Step III: Cold resistance screening, wash the mutant seeds in Step II 2-4 times in warm water at 18-25 °C, and then culture them in an environment of -4 °C - 8 °C for 4-6 days. After germination cultivation, obtain surviving seedlings;
[0006] Step IV: Self-crossing and seed selection, plant and cultivate the seedlings obtained in Step III, and then perform self-crossing. Thresh the single ear to obtain mutant seeds, and select target mutant seeds without insect damage, without broken injuries, with large grains, a maturity greater than 90%, and a purity greater than 90% from them";
[0007] However, in the actual implementation process of this type of patent, there are certain technical defects in this type of patent:
[0008] First, all the selected seeds in the above patent are subjected to mutagenic breeding. Although cold-resistant seeds can be obtained, since the gene mutation process of mutagenic breeding is random, and there will also be seeds with gene mutations during the natural growth process, there may be cold-resistant seeds among the selected seeds. If all the seeds are chemically mutagenized, some of the original cold-resistant seeds will lose their cold-resistant characteristics due to mutation, ultimately resulting in a decrease in the overall number of cold-resistant seeds obtained.
[0009] Second, the above patent directly subjects the selected seeds to mutagenic breeding. However, there are many bacteria in corn seeds, and these bacteria will affect the germination rate of the seeds during the germination process of corn seeds, thereby reducing the survival rate of corn seeds, resulting in fewer or even no corn seedlings obtained finally, and further leading to the failure of breeding. In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds. Summary of the Invention
[0010] The present invention proposes a method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds, which solves the problem of fewer cold-resistant seeds in the prior art.
[0011] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds, comprising the following steps:
[0012] S1: Select a certain number of corn seeds grown in the same area, and then perform multi-stage screening through existing screening equipment to select corn seeds with plump grains, no damage, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%.
[0013] S2: Immerse the corn seeds screened in S1 in clean water, then continue to add a bactericidal agent for immersion, and then take out the rice seeds and drain them.
[0014] S3: Divide the drained corn seeds in S2 into two parts, one part is immersed in a chemical mutagen to obtain chemically mutagenized seeds, and the other part is conventional seeds.
[0015] S4: Wash the chemically mutagenized seeds in S3 4 to 6 times in warm water at 20 - 25°C until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed clean.
[0016] S5: Place the conventional seeds in S3 and the chemically mutagenized seeds washed in S4 in an environment of -4°C to 6°C for 4 to 6 days respectively. After germination cultivation, obtain surviving seedlings.
[0017] S6: Plant and cultivate the surviving seedlings in S5, then perform self-crossing and single-ear threshing to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and select cold-resistant seeds with plump grains, no damage, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95% from them.
[0018] S7: pour the cold-resistant seeds in S6 into a seed coating machine, add a coating agent at the same time, start the coating machine to rotate so that each seed is evenly coated with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds;
[0019] S8: The coated seeds obtained in S7 are blown by an electric blower to evenly remove the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds to a safe moisture content, thereby obtaining corn seeds with high cold resistance.
[0020] Preferably, in S2, the bactericidal agent is selected from one or more of carbendazim, thiram, tebuconazole and fludioxonil.
[0021] Preferably, the specific preparation process of the bactericidal agent is as follows:
[0022] (1) Dissolve 0.1% to 0.5% of the weight of the seeds in a fungicide in water and stir gently while adding the fungicide;
[0023] (2) After the fungicide is completely added to the water, continue stirring until the fungicide is completely dissolved and evenly dispersed in the water.
[0024] 4. The method for breeding cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, in S3, the chemical mutagen is selected from any one of ethyl methanesulfonate or N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
[0025] Preferably, in S3, the specific process of using the chemical mutagen is as follows:
[0026] (1) Dissolve 0.5% to 0.8% of the weight of the seeds in water and stir thoroughly until the chemical mutagen is completely dissolved;
[0027] (2) Place one portion of the seeds in S3 in the chemical mutagen solution to ensure that the seeds are completely immersed. After soaking for 5 to 10 hours, take out the seeds to obtain the chemically induced mutagen seeds.
[0028] Preferably, in S7, the ingredients of the coating agent are calculated by weight and include: 1-2 parts of cold-resistant active ingredients, 0.3-0.5 parts of insecticides, 4-5 parts of fungicides, 1-3 parts of nutrients, 0.2-0.4 parts of growth promoters, 1-4 parts of warning colors, and the balance is water.
[0029] Preferably, the cold-resistant active ingredient is selected from one or more of abscisic acid, trehalose, cellulose and pectin.
[0030] Preferably, the growth promoter is selected from one or more of gibberellins, cytokinins, auxins, and ethephon.
[0031] Preferably, the nutrient components are one or more of ammonium nitrogen, phosphate, potassium chloride, amino acids, trace elements, and vitamins.
[0032] Preferably, in S8, the blast temperature is 40 °C, and the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds is evenly removed to a safe moisture content of 15%.
[0033] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0034] 1. By dividing the seeds into two parts for separate mutagenesis, the characteristics of cold-resistant seeds in the original seeds can be retained, thereby increasing the overall number of cold-resistant seeds retained and greatly improving the success rate of cultivation.
[0035] 2. By soaking the seeds with a bactericidal agent, the pathogenic bacteria of corn seeds can be effectively killed, greatly reducing the disease rate of corn seeds, thereby increasing the germination rate of corn seeds and effectively increasing the germination rate of cold-resistant seeds. Specific embodiments
[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0037] The present invention provides a method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds, including the following steps:
[0038] S1: Select a certain number of corn seeds grown in the same area, and then perform multi-level screening through existing screening equipment to select corn seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%.
[0039] S2: Put the corn seeds screened in S1 into clean water for soaking, then continue to add a bactericidal agent for soaking, and then take out the rice seeds and drain them.
[0040] S3: Divide the drained corn seeds in S2 into two parts, one of which is soaked in a chemical mutagen to obtain chemically mutagenized seeds, and the other is conventional seeds.
[0041] S4: Wash the chemically mutagenized seeds in S3 4 to 6 times in warm water at 20 - 25 °C until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed clean.
[0042] S5: Place the conventional seeds in S3 and the chemically mutagenized seeds washed in S4 in an environment of -4 °C to 6 °C for 4 to 6 days respectively, and obtain surviving seedlings through germination cultivation.
[0043] S6: planting and cultivating the surviving seedlings in S5, and then self-pollinating and threshing the individual ears to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and selecting the cold-resistant seeds with full grains without damage, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%;
[0044] S7: pour the cold-resistant seeds in S6 into a seed coating machine, add a coating agent at the same time, start the coating machine to rotate so that each seed is evenly coated with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds;
[0045] S8: The coated seeds obtained in S7 are blown by an electric blower at a temperature of 40° C., and the surface moisture of the coated seeds is evenly removed to a safe moisture content of 15%, thereby obtaining corn seeds with high cold resistance.
[0046] The present invention divides the seeds into two parts and performs mutation induction separately, so that the characteristics of the cold-resistant seeds in the original seeds can be retained, thereby increasing the number of cold-resistant seeds retained as a whole and greatly improving the success rate of cultivation;
[0047] By soaking the seeds in fungicides, the pathogens of corn seeds can be effectively killed, greatly reducing the disease rate of corn seeds, thereby increasing the germination rate of corn seeds, and effectively increasing the germination rate of cold-resistant seeds.
[0048] Further, in S2, the bactericidal agent is selected from one or more of carbendazim, thiram, tebuconazole, and fludioxonil.
[0049] Further, the specific preparation process of the bactericidal agent is as follows:
[0050] (1) Dissolve 0.1% to 0.5% of the weight of the seeds in a fungicide in water and stir gently while adding the fungicide;
[0051] (2) After the fungicide is completely added to the water, continue stirring until the fungicide is completely dissolved and evenly dispersed in the water.
[0052] Further, in S3, the chemical mutagen is selected from any one of ethyl methanesulfonate or N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
[0053] Furthermore, in S3, the specific process of using chemical mutagens is as follows:
[0054] (1) Dissolve 0.5% to 0.8% of the weight of the seeds in water and stir thoroughly until the chemical mutagen is completely dissolved;
[0055] (2) Place one portion of the seeds in S3 in the chemical mutagen solution to ensure that the seeds are completely immersed. After soaking for 5 to 10 hours, take out the seeds to obtain the chemically induced mutagen seeds.
[0056] Further, in S7, the components of the coating agent are calculated by weight parts ratio, including: 1-2 parts of cold-resistant active ingredient, 0.3-0.5 parts of insecticide, 4-5 parts of fungicide, 1-3 parts of nutrient component, 0.2-0.4 parts of growth promoter, 1-4 parts of warning color, and the balance is water; wherein, the cold-resistant active ingredient is selected from one or more of abscisic acid, trehalose, cellulose, and pectin, the growth promoter is selected from one or more of gibberellin, cytokinin, auxin, and ethephon, and the nutrient component is one or more of ammonium nitrogen, phosphate, potassium chloride, amino acid, trace element, and vitamin.
[0057] Further, in S8, the air-blowing temperature is 40 °C, and the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds is evenly removed to a safe moisture content of 15%.
[0058] Example 1:
[0059] This example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant corn seeds, including the following steps:
[0060] S1: Select a certain number of corn seeds grown in the same area, and then perform multi-stage screening through existing screening equipment to select corn seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%;
[0061] S2: Put the corn seeds screened in S1 into clean water, then continue to add a bactericidal agent accounting for 0.1% of the seed weight to soak, and then take out the rice seeds and drain them;
[0062] S3: Divide the drained corn seeds in S2 into two parts, one of which is soaked in a chemical mutagen accounting for 0.5% of the seed weight to obtain chemically mutagenized seeds, and the other is conventional seeds;
[0063] S4: Wash the chemically mutagenized seeds in S3 6 times in warm water at 20 °C until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed clean;
[0064] S5: Place the conventional seeds in S3 and the chemically mutagenized seeds washed in S4 in an environment of -4 °C for 4 days respectively, and after germination cultivation, obtain surviving seedlings;
[0065] S6: Plant and cultivate the surviving seedlings in S5, then perform self-crossing and single-ear threshing to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and select cold-resistant seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95% from them;
[0066] S7: Pour the cold-resistant seeds in S6 into a seed coating machine, and at the same time add a coating agent, start the rotation of the coating machine so that each seed is evenly coated with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds;
[0067] S8: Use an electric heating blower to blow air on the coated seeds obtained in S7. The blowing temperature is 40°C, and uniformly remove the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds to the safe moisture content of 15%, then cold-resistant maize seeds can be obtained.
[0068] Example Two:
[0069] This example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant maize seeds, including the following steps:
[0070] S1: Select a certain number of maize seeds grown in the same area, and then perform multi-level screening through existing screening equipment. Select maize seeds with plump grains, no damage, maturity greater than 95%, and purity greater than 95%;
[0071] S2: Put the maize seeds screened in S1 into clean water for soaking, then continue to add a bactericidal agent accounting for 0.3% of the seed weight for soaking, and then take out the rice seeds and drain them;
[0072] S3: Divide the drained maize seeds in S2 into two parts. One part is soaked in a chemical mutagen accounting for 0.6% of the seed weight to obtain chemically mutagenized seeds, and the other part is conventional seeds;
[0073] S4: Wash the chemically mutagenized seeds in S3 5 times in warm water at 23°C until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed clean;
[0074] S5: Place the conventional seeds in S3 and the chemically mutagenized seeds washed in S4 in an environment at 0°C for 5 days respectively. After germination cultivation, obtain surviving seedlings;
[0075] S6: Plant and cultivate the surviving seedlings in S5, then perform self-crossing and single-ear threshing to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and select cold-resistant seeds with plump grains, no damage, maturity greater than 95%, and purity greater than 95% from them;
[0076] S7: Pour the cold-resistant seeds in S6 into a seed coating machine, and at the same time add a coating agent. Start the rotation of the coating machine to evenly coat each seed with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds;
[0077] S8: Use an electric heating blower to blow air on the coated seeds obtained in S7. The blowing temperature is 40°C, and uniformly remove the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds to the safe moisture content of 15%, then cold-resistant maize seeds can be obtained.
[0078] Example Three:
[0079] This example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant maize seeds, including the following steps:
[0080] S1: Select a certain number of corn seeds grown in the same area, and then conduct multi-level screening through existing screening equipment to select corn seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%;
[0081] S2: Immerse the corn seeds screened in S1 in clean water, then continue to immerse them in a bactericidal agent accounting for 0.5% of the seed weight, and then take out the rice seeds and drain them;
[0082] S3: Divide the drained corn seeds in S2 into two parts. One part is immersed in a chemical mutagen accounting for 0.8% of the seed weight to obtain chemically mutagenized seeds, and the other part is conventional seeds;
[0083] S4: Wash the chemically mutagenized seeds in S3 4 times in warm water at 25°C until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed clean;
[0084] S5: Place the conventional seeds in S3 and the chemically mutagenized seeds washed in S4 in an environment at 6°C for 6 days respectively. After germination cultivation, obtain surviving seedlings;
[0085] S6: Plant and cultivate the surviving seedlings in S5, then conduct self-crossing and single-ear threshing to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and select cold-resistant seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95% from them;
[0086] S7: Pour the cold-resistant seeds in S6 into a seed coating machine, and at the same time add a coating agent. Start the rotation of the coating machine so that each seed is evenly coated with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds;
[0087] S8: Use an electric heating blower to blow air on the coated seeds obtained in S7. The blowing temperature is 40°C, and evenly remove the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds to a safe moisture content of 15% to obtain corn seeds with high cold resistance.
[0088] Comparative Example 1:
[0089] This comparative example presents a cultivation method for cold-resistant corn seeds, including the following steps:
[0090] S1: Select a certain number of corn seeds grown in the same area, and then conduct multi-level screening through existing screening equipment to select corn seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%;
[0091] S2: Immerse the corn seeds screened in S1 in clean water, then continue to immerse them in a bactericidal agent accounting for 0.1% of the seed weight, and then take out the rice seeds and drain them;
[0092] S3: Soak the drained corn seeds in step S2 in a chemical mutagen that is 0.5% of the weight of the seeds to obtain chemically mutagenized seeds;
[0093] S4: Wash the chemically mutagenized seeds in step S3 6 times in warm water at 20°C until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed clean;
[0094] S5: Place the chemically mutagenized seeds washed in step S4 in an environment at -4°C for 4 days, and through germination cultivation, obtain surviving seedlings;
[0095] S6: Plant and cultivate the surviving seedlings in step S5, then perform self-crossing and thresh single ears to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and select cold-resistant seeds with plump and undamaged grains, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95% from them;
[0096] S7: Pour the cold-resistant seeds in step S6 into a seed coating machine, and at the same time add a coating agent. Start the rotation of the coating machine so that each seed is evenly coated with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds;
[0097] S8: Use an electric heating blower to blow air on the coated seeds obtained in step S7. The blowing temperature is 40°C, and evenly remove the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds to a safe moisture content of 15%, and then cold-resistant maize seeds with high cold resistance can be obtained.
[0098] Comparative Example 2:
[0099] This comparative example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant maize seeds, which is basically the same as the method in Example 1, and the only difference is that the maize seeds are not soaked with a bactericidal agent;
[0100] Comparative Example 3:
[0101] This comparative example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant maize seeds, which is basically the same as the method in Example 1, and the only difference is that the usage amount of the bactericidal agent is 0.3% of the weight of the seeds.
[0102] Comparative Example 4:
[0103] This comparative example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant maize seeds, which is basically the same as the method in Example 1, and the only difference is that the usage amount of the bactericidal agent is 0.5% of the weight of the seeds.
[0104] Comparative Example 5:
[0105] This comparative example proposes a cultivation method for cold-resistant maize seeds, which is basically the same as the method in Example 1, and the only difference is that the usage amount of the chemical mutagen is 0.6% of the weight of the seeds.
[0106] Comparative Example 6:
[0107] This comparative example presents a method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds, which is basically the same as the method in Example 1, with the only difference being that the usage amount of the chemical mutagen is 0.8% of the seed weight.
[0108] Test Example 1:
[0109] The germination rates of the seeds in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and Comparative Example 1 were respectively statistically analyzed and calculated through the following formula:
[0110]
[0111] The statistical results are shown in Table 1;
[0112]
[0113] As can be seen from Table 1, there are also many mutated cold-resistant seeds in the original corn seeds. By dividing the seeds into two parts and performing separate mutagenesis, the characteristics of the cold-resistant seeds in the original seeds can be retained, thereby increasing the overall number of retained cold-resistant seeds and greatly improving the success rate of cultivation.
[0114] Test Example 2:
[0115] The germination rates of the seeds in Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 were respectively statistically analyzed and calculated through the following formula:
[0116]
[0117] The statistical results are shown in Table 2;
[0118] Dosage of bactericidal agent Germination rate of cold-resistant seeds (%) Example 1 0.1% of seed weight 5.2％ Comparative Example 2 Not used 3.3％ Comparative Example 3 0.3% of seed weight 5.4％ Comparative Example 4 0.5% of seed weight 6.1％ ;
[0119] As can be seen from Table 2, as the dosage of the bactericidal agent increases, the germination rate of the cold-resistant seeds gradually increases, indicating that the bactericidal agent can effectively kill the pathogenic bacteria of the corn seeds, greatly reducing the disease rate of the corn seeds, thereby increasing the germination rate of the corn seeds and effectively increasing the germination rate of the cold-resistant seeds.
[0120] Test Example 3:
[0121] The germination rates of the seeds in Example 1, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6 were respectively statistically analyzed and calculated through the following formula:
[0122]
[0123] The statistical results are shown in Table 3;
[0124] Dosage of chemical mutagen Germination rate of cold-resistant seeds (%) Example 1 0.5% of seed weight 5.2％ Comparative Example 5 0.60% of seed weight 6.1％ Comparative Example 6 0.8% of seed weight 4.1％ ;
[0125] As can be seen from Table 3, with the increase in the dosage of the chemical mutagen, the germination rate of cold-resistant seeds first increases and then decreases gradually. This shows that within a certain dosage range, the chemical mutagen can increase the number of corn seeds mutated into cold-resistant seeds, thus greatly increasing the number of cold-resistant seeds.
[0126] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Select a certain number of corn seeds grown in the same area, and then use existing screening equipment to perform multi-stage screening to select corn seeds with full grains and no damage, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%; S2: Soak the corn seeds screened in S1 in clean water, then continue to add fungicide to soak, and then take out the rice seeds and drain; S3: The corn seeds drained in S2 are divided into two parts, one of which is soaked in a chemical mutagen to obtain chemical mutagenized seeds, and the other is conventional seeds; S4: washing the chemically mutagenized seeds in S3 in warm water at 20 to 25° C. for 4 to 6 times until the chemical mutagen on the surface of the chemically mutagenized seeds is washed away; S5: The conventional seeds in S3 and the chemically mutated seeds after cleaning in S4 are placed in an environment of -4°C to 6°C for 4 to 6 days, and then germinated and cultured to obtain surviving seedlings; S6: planting and cultivating the surviving seedlings in S5, and then self-pollinating and threshing the individual ears to obtain cold-resistant seeds, and selecting the cold-resistant seeds with full grains without damage, a maturity greater than 95%, and a purity greater than 95%; S7: pour the cold-resistant seeds in S6 into a seed coating machine, add a coating agent at the same time, start the coating machine to rotate so that each seed is evenly coated with a layer of coating agent, and then take out the coated seeds; S8: The coated seeds obtained in S7 are blown by an electric blower to evenly remove the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds to a safe moisture content, thereby obtaining corn seeds with high cold resistance.
2. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the bactericidal agent is selected from one or more of carbendazim, thiram, tebuconazole, and fludioxonil.
3. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific preparation process of the bactericidal agent is as follows: (1) Dissolve 0.1% to 0.5% of the weight of the seeds in a fungicide in water and stir gently while adding the fungicide; (2) After the fungicide is completely added to the water, continue stirring until the fungicide is completely dissolved and evenly dispersed in the water.
4. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the chemical mutagen is selected from any one of ethyl methanesulfonate or N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
5. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the specific process of using the chemical mutagen is as follows: (1) Dissolve 0.5% to 0.8% of the weight of the seeds in water and stir thoroughly until the chemical mutagen is completely dissolved; (2) Place one portion of the seeds in S3 in the chemical mutagen solution to ensure that the seeds are completely immersed. After soaking for 5 to 10 hours, take out the seeds to obtain the chemically induced mutagen seeds.
6. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, the ingredients of the coating agent are calculated by weight, including: 1-2 parts of cold-resistant active ingredients, 0.3-0.5 parts of insecticides, 4-5 parts of fungicides, 1-3 parts of nutrients, 0.2-0.4 parts of growth promoters, 1-4 parts of warning colors, and the balance is water.
7. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cold-resistant active ingredients are selected from one or more of abscisic acid, trehalose, cellulose and pectin.
8. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The growth promoter is selected from one or more of gibberellins, cytokinins, auxins, and ethephon.
9. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nutrient components are one or more of ammonium nitrogen, phosphate, potassium chloride, amino acids, trace elements and vitamins.
10. The method for cultivating cold-resistant corn seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S8, the blast temperature is 40°C, and the moisture on the surface of the coated seeds is evenly removed to a safe moisture content of 15%.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Breeding method of cold-resistant corn seeds
CN106550869A