A buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of sampling and detecting buoys, and specifically discloses a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics, which includes a water storage and pumping mechanism, a circulation detection mechanism, a surge energy storage mechanism, and a buoy outer shell assembly. The buoy outer shell assembly includes a floating plate and a bottom plate. The bottom plate is arranged on the floating plate. The circulation detection mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate, and the surge energy storage mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the floating plate. The present invention proposes a water storage and pumping mechanism and a surge energy storage mechanism, which separate the area of pumping and filtering water from the area of water quality detection. That is to say, during the process of this water quality detection, the water to be detected next time is already being pumped and filtered, so as to achieve the overlap of the two processes in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sampling detection buoys, and specifically refers to a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the monitoring of the ecological environment characteristics of the ocean, it is mostly carried out by sampling and analyzing the water quality. For working conditions that require continuous monitoring, it is also not convenient to take samples back to the laboratory for testing. It is best to use a mobile detection module to take samples and conduct tests on-site. Although the detection module itself is the technical transfer of laboratory testing instruments and is already relatively mature, there are still the following problems when applied to actual working conditions:

[0003] A: Since most detection buoys are powered by solar energy, but limited by the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels, although the combination with the storage battery can meet the low-power requirements of the detection module and signal transmission, it is far from meeting the high-power requirements such as pumping water and filtering. Especially because the resistance of the water flow through the filter element is large and the time is long, the power consumption of the water pump maintaining this state for a long time exceeds the power generation of the photovoltaic panel.

[0004] B: The photovoltaic panel cannot generate electricity at night. If it is only used for the detection module and signal transmission, the combination with the storage battery can meet the night operation. However, if the water pump needs to be driven simultaneously, it is currently impossible to select a storage battery with appropriate capacity and weight.

[0005] Based on the above limitations, currently, if you want to pump water and filter through the photovoltaic panel, it is necessary to extend the interval between two detections, and the number of detections at night will be limited. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics; the photovoltaic panel powers the water quality detection module, the solenoid valve, and the wireless communication, and uses the surge of seawater to provide the energy required for pumping water and filtering; since the power consumption of the water quality detection module, the solenoid valve, and the wireless communication is small, and the surge of seawater is continuous and exists at night, the continuous working time of the detection buoy can be maximally extended, and the interval between each detection can be reduced;

[0007] Since the resistance of pumping filtration is greater than the surge impact force on the induction plate, the present invention draws inspiration from the jack and proposes a driving method of pumping water slowly through multiple reciprocating drives. However, if the structure of the jack is directly applied to this solution, there will be some problems. On the one hand, pumping filtration is a relatively slow process, and water quality detection also requires a certain duration. If these two processes are carried out alternately, the working frequency of the entire device is still low. How to make these two processes with longer durations overlap in time is the key to improving the detection frequency. On the other hand, since the newly entered water at the detection position will be partially mixed with the original water, how to reduce or even eliminate the interference of this problem on the new detection is also an important factor in ensuring the accuracy of the detection results.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention first proposes a water storage and pumping mechanism and a surge energy storage mechanism, separating the area of pumping filtration from the area of water quality detection. That is to say, during the current water quality detection process, the water to be detected next time is already being pumped and filtered, so as to achieve the overlap of the two processes in time. In addition, a cyclic detection mechanism is also proposed. By increasing the volume ratio of the pumping chamber to the detection chamber and combining the flow direction control to avoid convection, the residual amount of the original sample in the new detection sample can be reduced to a negligible level.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics, including a water storage and pumping mechanism, a cyclic detection mechanism, a surge energy storage mechanism, and a buoy housing assembly. The buoy housing assembly includes a floating plate and a bottom plate. The bottom plate is arranged on the floating plate. The cyclic detection mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate, and the surge energy storage mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the floating plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the water storage and pumping mechanism includes a pumping and filtering component and a negative pressure component. The pumping and filtering component is arranged on the bottom plate, and the negative pressure component is arranged in the pumping and filtering component.

[0011] Preferably, the pumping and filtering component includes a central cylinder, a semi-circular clamping ring, and a clamping spring. The central cylinder is arranged in the floating plate and the bottom plate. The central cylinder passes through the floating plate and the bottom plate. A side chute is arranged on one side of the central cylinder. The semi-circular clamping ring is clamped and slidably arranged in the side chute. One end of the semi-circular clamping ring is provided with a cylindrical dial rod, and the clamping spring is sleeved on the cylindrical dial rod.

[0012] The central cylinder for pumping filtration is independent of the detection cylinder for detection, so that the two processes with longer durations of detection and pumping filtration can overlap in time, thereby improving the detection frequency.

[0013] As a further preference of the present invention, the inner ring of the semi-circular snap ring is provided with an inclined angle portion, and a filter slide plate is engaged and slidably arranged in the central cylinder.

[0014] The position of the filter slide plate can be restricted by the semi-circular snap ring, so that during the upward sliding process of the negative pressure piston, negative pressure is generated between the filter slide plate and the negative pressure piston, thereby realizing the extraction and filtration of external water sources.

[0015] As a further preference of the present invention, the negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure piston, the negative pressure piston is engaged and slidably arranged in the central cylinder, the negative pressure piston is located above the filter slide plate, a top block is arranged below the negative pressure piston, a piston return spring is arranged between the top of the central cylinder and the negative pressure piston, and a water supply spring is arranged between the negative pressure piston and the filter slide plate.

[0016] Preferably, the water storage and pumping mechanism further includes a reflux liquid storage chamber and a solenoid valve. The reflux liquid storage chamber is arranged on the bottom plate, and the reflux liquid storage chamber and the central cylinder are connected through a solenoid valve and a conduit. The valve core of the solenoid valve is slidably sleeved on the cylindrical dial rod.

[0017] The solenoid valve can control the mode conversion of the entire pumping system, thereby realizing the effect of updating the sample to be tested.

[0018] Furthermore, the circulation detection mechanism includes a liquid replacement component and a water quality detection module. The liquid replacement component includes a detection cylinder, the detection cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate, the bottom of the detection cylinder is communicated with the outside through a pipeline, and the water quality detection module is arranged on the top of the detection cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid replacement component further includes a one-way pipe. The detection cylinder and the central cylinder are connected through the one-way pipe. A thin plate type one-way valve is slidably arranged in the detection cylinder. The space formed by the thin plate type one-way valve and the water quality detection module is used for detecting water quality. A sensor is arranged on the water quality detection module, and the sensor is located inside the detection cylinder.

[0020] The single water extraction volume of the water pumping and filtering component is at least more than five times the cavity volume between the thin plate type one-way valve and the water quality detection module. Through the continuous replacement and one-way flow mode, the amount of the sample detected last time remaining in the sample in the final area to be detected can be negligible.

[0021] Furthermore, several groups of surge energy storage mechanisms are annularly and evenly distributed. The surge energy storage mechanism includes a driving cylinder bracket and a surge induction component. The driving cylinder bracket is arranged below the floating plate, and the surge induction component includes a driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder is engaged and arranged in the driving cylinder bracket.

[0022] Through the annularly and evenly distributed surge energy storage mechanism, surges in all directions can be sensed. The surge energy storage mechanisms are arranged in parallel, and if any one of them is driven, the water storage and pumping mechanism can be driven.

[0023] Preferably, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are provided at the front end of the driving cylinder. The transmission fluid in the central cylinder enters the driving cylinder through a pipeline and the second one-way valve. The transmission fluid in the driving cylinder enters the reflux liquid storage chamber through a pipeline and the first one-way valve. A driving piston rod is engaged and slidably arranged in the driving cylinder. An induction plate is provided at the end of the driving piston rod. A surge return spring is arranged between the bottom of the driving cylinder and the driving piston rod.

[0024] Through the design of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, the unidirectional flow of the liquid in the driving cylinder can be controlled, so that the same liquid driving effect can be achieved whether the driving cylinder is pushed out or retracted.

[0025] Preferably, the buoy outer shell assembly further includes a housing. The housing is arranged on the bottom plate. The water storage and pumping mechanism and the circulation detection mechanism are located inside the housing. An antenna for the water quality detection module to communicate with the outside is provided on the housing. Stay ropes are annularly and evenly arranged between the antenna and the floating plate.

[0026] The antenna can increase the distance of wireless data transmission, and the stay ropes can keep the antenna balanced and stable.

[0027] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention with the above structure are as follows:

[0028] (1) The central cylinder for pumping and filtering is independent of the detection cylinder for detection, so that the two processes with relatively long durations, namely detection and pumping and filtering, can overlap in time, thereby improving the detection frequency.

[0029] (2) The position of the filter slide plate can be restricted by the semi-circular snap ring, so that a negative pressure is generated between the filter slide plate and the negative pressure piston during the upward sliding of the negative pressure piston, thereby realizing the extraction and filtration of the external water source.

[0030] (3) The solenoid valve can control the mode conversion of the entire pumping system, thereby realizing the effect of updating the sample to be tested.

[0031] (4) The single water extraction volume of the water extraction and filtration assembly is at least five times greater than the cavity volume between the thin plate type one-way valve and the water quality detection module. Through the continuous replacement and unidirectional flow method, the amount of the sample detected last remaining in the final sample in the area to be tested can be negligible.

[0032] (5) Through the surge energy storage mechanism evenly distributed in a ring shape, surges in all directions can be sensed. Each surge energy storage mechanism is arranged in parallel, and any one of them being driven can achieve the driving of the water storage and pumping mechanism.

[0033] (6) Through the design of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, the one-way flow of the liquid in the driving cylinder can be controlled, so that the same liquid driving effect can be achieved whether the driving cylinder is pushed out or pushed back. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A front view of a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line A-A in ;

[0037] Figure 4 is Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line B-B in ;

[0038] Figure 5 is Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line C-C in ;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic semi-sectional structure view of a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is Figure 3 An enlarged partial view of part I in ;

[0041] Figure 8 is Figure 6 An enlarged partial view of part II in ;

[0042] Figure 9 is Figure 6 An enlarged partial view of part III in ;

[0043] Figure 10 is Figure 5 An enlarged partial view of part IV in ;

[0044] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of hydraulic transmission and the flow control of water samples.

[0045] Among them, 1. Water storage and pumping mechanism, 2. Circulation detection mechanism, 3. Surge energy storage mechanism, 4. Buoy outer shell assembly, 5. Pumping and filtering assembly, 6. Negative pressure assembly, 7. Return liquid storage chamber, 8. Solenoid valve, 9. Central cylinder, 10. Semi-circular snap ring, 11. Snap spring, 12. Filter slide plate, 13. Negative pressure piston, 14. Piston return spring, 15. Water supply spring, 16. Side chute, 17. Cylindrical lever, 18. Top block, 19. Liquid displacement assembly, 20. Water quality detection module, 21. Detection cylinder, 22. One-way pipe, 23. Thin plate one-way valve, 24. Sensor, 25. Driving cylinder bracket, 26. Surge induction assembly, 27. Driving cylinder, 28. Driving piston rod, 29. Surge return spring, 30. First one-way valve, 31. Second one-way valve, 32. Induction plate, 33. Floating plate, 34. Bottom plate, 35. Shell, 36. Antenna, 37. Pull rope, 38. Bevel corner part.

[0046] The attached drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the attached drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0049] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, the present invention provides a buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics, including a water storage and pumping mechanism 1, a circulation detection mechanism 2, a surge energy storage mechanism 3 and a buoy outer shell assembly 4. The buoy outer shell assembly 4 includes a floating plate 33 and a bottom plate 34. The bottom plate 34 is arranged on the floating plate 33. The circulation detection mechanism 2 is arranged on the bottom plate 34. The surge energy storage mechanism 3 is arranged at the bottom of the floating plate 33.

[0050] The water storage and pumping mechanism 1 includes a pumping and filtering assembly 5 and a negative pressure assembly 6. The pumping and filtering assembly 5 is arranged on the bottom plate 34. The negative pressure assembly 6 is arranged in the pumping and filtering assembly 5.

[0051] The pumping and filtering assembly 5 includes a central cylinder 9, a semi-circular snap ring 10 and a retaining spring 11. The central cylinder 9 is arranged in the floating plate 33 and the bottom plate 34. The central cylinder 9 passes through the floating plate 33 and the bottom plate 34. A side chute 16 is provided on one side of the central cylinder 9. The semi-circular snap ring 10 is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the side chute 16. One end of the semi-circular snap ring 10 is provided with a cylindrical lever 17, and the retaining spring 11 is sleeved on the cylindrical lever 17.

[0052] The central cylinder 9 for pumping and filtering is independent of the detection cylinder 21 for detection, so that two processes with relatively long durations, namely detection and pumping and filtering, can overlap in time, thereby increasing the detection frequency.

[0053] The inner ring of the semi-circular snap ring 10 is provided with an inclined angle portion 38, and a filtering slide plate 12 is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the central cylinder 9.

[0054] The position of the filtering slide plate 12 can be restricted by the semi-circular snap ring 10, so that a negative pressure is generated between the filtering slide plate 12 and the negative pressure piston 13 during the upward sliding process of the negative pressure piston 13, thereby realizing the extraction and filtration of external water sources.

[0055] The negative pressure assembly 6 includes a negative pressure piston 13. The negative pressure piston 13 is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the central cylinder 9. The negative pressure piston 13 is located above the filtering slide plate 12. A top block 18 is provided below the negative pressure piston 13. A piston return spring 14 is arranged between the top of the central cylinder 9 and the negative pressure piston 13, and a water supply spring 15 is arranged between the negative pressure piston 13 and the filtering slide plate 12.

[0056] The water storage and pumping mechanism 1 further includes a return liquid storage chamber 7 and a solenoid valve 8. The return liquid storage chamber 7 is arranged on the bottom plate 34. The return liquid storage chamber 7 and the central cylinder 9 are connected through a solenoid valve 8 and a conduit. The valve core of the solenoid valve 8 is slidably sleeved on the cylindrical lever 17.

[0057] The solenoid valve 8 can control the mode conversion of the entire pumping system, thereby realizing the effect of updating the sample to be tested.

[0058] The circulation detection mechanism 2 includes a liquid replacement assembly 19 and a water quality detection module 20. The liquid replacement assembly 19 includes a detection cylinder 21. The detection cylinder 21 is arranged on the bottom plate 34. The bottom of the detection cylinder 21 communicates with the outside through a pipeline, and the water quality detection module 20 is arranged on the top of the detection cylinder 21.

[0059] The liquid replacement assembly 19 further includes a one-way tube 22. The detection cylinder 21 and the central cylinder 9 are connected through the one-way tube 22. A thin plate one-way valve 23 is slidably arranged in the detection cylinder 21. The space formed by the thin plate one-way valve 23 and the water quality detection module 20 is used for water quality detection. A sensor 24 is arranged on the water quality detection module 20, and the sensor 24 is located inside the detection cylinder 21.

[0060] The single water pumping volume of the water pumping and filtering assembly 5 is at least more than five times the cavity volume between the thin plate one-way valve 23 and the water quality detection module 20. Through the continuous replacement and one-way flow method, the amount of the sample detected last time remaining in the final sample in the area to be detected can be negligible.

[0061] A number of surge energy storage mechanisms 3 are evenly distributed in a ring. The surge energy storage mechanism 3 includes a drive cylinder bracket 25 and a surge induction assembly 26. The drive cylinder bracket 25 is arranged below the floating plate 33. The surge induction assembly 26 includes a drive cylinder 27, and the drive cylinder 27 is snap-fitted in the drive cylinder bracket 25.

[0062] Through the surge energy storage mechanisms 3 evenly distributed in a ring, surges in all directions can be sensed. The surge energy storage mechanisms 3 are arranged in parallel. If any one of them is driven, the driving of the water storage and pumping mechanism 1 can be realized.

[0063] A first one-way valve 30 and a second one-way valve 31 are arranged at the front end of the drive cylinder 27. The transmission fluid in the central cylinder 9 enters the drive cylinder 27 through a pipeline and the second one-way valve 31. The transmission fluid in the drive cylinder 27 enters the return liquid storage chamber 7 through a pipeline and the first one-way valve 30. A drive piston rod 28 is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the drive cylinder 27. An induction plate 32 is arranged at the end of the drive piston rod 28. A surge return spring 29 is arranged between the bottom of the drive cylinder 27 and the drive piston rod 28.

[0064] Through the design of the first one-way valve 30 and the second one-way valve 31, the one-way flow of the liquid in the drive cylinder 27 can be controlled, so that the same liquid driving effect can be achieved whether the drive cylinder 27 is pushed out or retracted.

[0065] The buoy housing assembly 4 further includes a housing 35. The housing 35 is arranged on the bottom plate 34. The water storage and pumping mechanism 1 and the circulation detection mechanism 2 are located inside the housing 35. An antenna 36 for the water quality detection module 20 to communicate with the outside is arranged on the housing 35. Stay ropes 37 are evenly distributed in a ring between the antenna 36 and the floating plate 33.

[0066] The antenna 36 can increase the distance of wireless data transmission, and the stay ropes 37 can keep the balance and stability of the antenna 36.

[0067] As Figure 11As shown, the arrow indicates the flow direction of the water sample or the transmission fluid;

[0068] The vertical box located at the center represents the central cylinder 9. Inside the central cylinder 9, a piston return spring 14, a negative pressure piston 13, a water supply spring 15, and a filter slide plate 12 are successively arranged from top to bottom. A large number of micropores are provided in the filter slide plate 12, which can filter impurities. However, when the sample passes through the filter slide plate 12, the resistance is large and the speed is slow;

[0069] On the left side of the central cylinder 9 is the detection cylinder 21. The detection cylinder 21 and the central cylinder 9 are connected through a one-way pipe 22. The water sample can only flow from the central cylinder 9 into the detection cylinder 21, and can only flow from above the thin plate type one-way valve 23 to below, and cannot flow reversely;

[0070] On the right side of the central cylinder 9 is the reflux liquid storage chamber 7. The reflux liquid storage chamber 7 and the central cylinder 9 are controlled to be connected and disconnected through an electromagnetic valve 8. The pressure in the reflux liquid storage chamber 7 can be ignored. Therefore, the transmission fluid in the driving cylinder 27 can be pushed into the reflux liquid storage chamber 7 by the elastic force of the surge return spring 29. The transmission fluid in the central cylinder 9 can be pumped into the reflux liquid storage chamber 7 through the surge induction component 26, and it can be refluxed and reset through the electromagnetic valve 8;

[0071] Among them, the area of the driving piston rod 28 is much smaller than the area of the negative pressure piston 13. Therefore, this solution is similar to a jack and can have the effect of amplifying the driving force. The flow direction of the transmission fluid can be restricted through the first one-way valve 30 and the second one-way valve 31.

[0072] The rated power generation of the photovoltaic panel is about 100 W / m². Considering the limitations of day and night alternation, weather factors, light angles, etc., the average power generation in a day and night is about 30 W / m². This device can roughly install a photovoltaic panel with a size of 0.3 - 0.5 m², and the average power generation is about 10 - 15 W. This power generation can be used to drive the detection module, but cannot be used to drive the water pump at the same time. The water flow resistance during filtration is large, and the power of the water pump is about 20 W.

[0073] During specific use, first, the user needs to place this device in water. When in use, devices such as ropes or anchors are required to limit the movement range of this device. The movement range may be an absolute position range or a position range relative to a large ship, so that it cannot float away with the waves. Due to the continuous surges on the sea surface, when the surge impacts the induction plate 32, it will push the driving piston rod 28 to retract into the driving cylinder 27. At this time, under the negative pressure of the driving cylinder 27, the transmission fluid in the central cylinder 9 enters the driving cylinder 27 through the second one-way valve 31. Since the piston area of the driving piston rod 28 is much smaller than the piston area of the negative pressure piston 13, the surge can drive the negative pressure piston 13 to slide upward slightly by pushing the driving piston rod 28.

[0074] Since the surge is intermittent, when the induction plate 32 is not under the surge thrust, the driving piston rod 28 will push the transmission fluid in the driving cylinder 27 into the return storage chamber 7 through the first one-way valve 30 under the elastic force of the surge return spring 29.

[0075] Since the filter slide plate 12 is located below the semi-circular snap ring 10 in the initial state, when the transmission fluid in the central cylinder 9 decreases (i.e., the negative pressure piston 13 rises), it can pump the external water into the central cylinder 9 through the bottom of the central cylinder 9. The flow resistance of the liquid in the filter slide plate 12 is large, and large-particle impurities are not allowed to pass through.

[0076] As the surge repeatedly pushes the induction plate 32, the transmission fluid in the central cylinder 9 can be gradually pumped into the return storage chamber 7. During this process, the solenoid valve 8 is in an open circuit state.

[0077] After the previous sample detection process is completed, normally, the sampling volume in the central cylinder 9 is sufficient. At this time, the water sample can be replaced by opening the solenoid valve 8. In case the sampling volume in the central cylinder 9 is not sufficient, the solenoid valve 8 can be opened after waiting for a period of time.

[0078] When the solenoid valve 8 is opened, on the one hand, it can drive the semi-circular snap ring 10 to slide through its sliding spool. At this time, under the elastic force of the water supply spring 15, the filter slide plate 12 can slowly slide along the central cylinder 9 towards the negative pressure piston 13. At the same time, the negative pressure piston 13 also slides towards the filter slide plate 12 under the elastic force of the piston return spring 14, and at the same time, the transmission fluid in the return storage chamber 7 flows back into the central cylinder 9.

[0079] The filter slide plate 12 and the negative pressure piston 13 slide relative to each other simultaneously. Since the solenoid valve 8 restricts the return speed of the transmission fluid, the water supply spring 15 will reset first, causing most of the transmission fluid between the negative pressure piston 13 and the filter slide plate 12 to enter the detection cylinder 21 through the one-way tube 22, and a very small amount to seep to the outside through the filter slide plate 12. Then the negative pressure piston 13 will drive the filter slide plate 12 to reset together below the semi-circular snap ring 10.

[0080] After the liquid enters the detection cylinder 21 through the one-way tube 22, it will push the original liquid in the detection cylinder 21 to the outside through the thin plate type one-way valve 23. However, during this process, there will inevitably be some mixing between the two liquids. Therefore, the single pumping volume of the pumping and filtering assembly 5 is at least five times greater than the cavity volume between the thin plate type one-way valve 23 and the water quality detection module 20. By means of continuous replacement and unidirectional flow, the content of the original sample in the new sample can be continuously reduced, so that the amount of the sample from the previous detection remaining in the sample in the final area to be detected can be negligible.

[0081] After the sample replacement is completed, close the solenoid valve 8 again, and the next detection can be carried out. The duration of a single detection is 10 - 15 minutes. During this process, under the pushing action of the surge, the surge induction assembly 26 slowly pumps and filters the water sample again through the sliding of the negative pressure piston 13.

[0082] The detection result of the water quality detection module 20 can be stored and sent to the outside through the antenna 36.

[0083] As another new embodiment of the present invention, if the space available for layout is sufficient, the filter slide plate 12 can also be designed to be fixed in the central cylinder 9 and the semi-circular snap ring 10 and the water supply spring 15 can be cancelled, but it is necessary to ensure that the length of the one-way tube 22 is not too long, otherwise the amount of liquid temporarily stored in the one-way tube 22 is too large, which will also interfere with the detection result.

[0084] As another new embodiment of the present invention, the joint of the one-way tube 22 on the detection cylinder 21 can be arranged at the top of the detection cylinder 21, so that the replacement and flow of the liquid in the detection cylinder 21 are unidirectional. By this way of avoiding convection, the mixing degree of the two liquids can be significantly reduced.

[0085] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0086] The above describes the present invention and its embodiments. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, design similar structural forms and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics, comprising a buoy housing assembly (4), the buoy housing assembly (4) including a floating plate (33) and a bottom plate (34), the bottom plate (34) being disposed on the floating plate (33), characterized in that: It also includes a water storage and pumping mechanism (1), a circulation detection mechanism (2) and a surge energy storage mechanism (3). The circulation detection mechanism (2) is arranged on the bottom plate (34), and the surge energy storage mechanism (3) is arranged at the bottom of the floating plate (33); The water storage and pumping mechanism (1) includes a pumping and filtering component (5) and a negative pressure component (6). The pumping and filtering component (5) is arranged on the bottom plate (34), and the negative pressure component (6) is arranged in the pumping and filtering component (5); The pumping and filtering component (5) includes a central cylinder (9), a semi-circular snap ring (10) and a snap spring (11). The central cylinder (9) is arranged in the floating plate (33) and the bottom plate (34). The central cylinder (9) passes through the floating plate (33) and the bottom plate (34). A side sliding groove (16) is arranged on one side of the central cylinder (9). The semi-circular snap ring (10) is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the side sliding groove (16). One end of the semi-circular snap ring (10) is provided with a cylindrical lever (17). The snap spring (11) is sleeved on the cylindrical lever (17); A filtering slide plate (12) is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the central cylinder (9); The negative pressure component (6) includes a negative pressure piston (13). The negative pressure piston (13) is snap-fitted and slidably arranged in the central cylinder (9). The negative pressure piston (13) is located above the filtering slide plate (12). A piston return spring (14) is arranged between the top of the central cylinder (9) and the negative pressure piston (13). A water supply spring (15) is arranged between the negative pressure piston (13) and the filtering slide plate (12); The water storage and pumping mechanism (1) also includes a reflux liquid storage chamber (7) connected to the central cylinder (9); The circulation detection mechanism (2) includes a liquid replacement component (19) and a water quality detection module (20). The liquid replacement component (19) includes a detection cylinder (21). The detection cylinder (21) is arranged on the bottom plate (34). The bottom of the detection cylinder (21) is communicated with the outside through a pipeline. The water quality detection module (20) is arranged on the top of the detection cylinder (21); Several groups of the surge energy storage mechanisms (3) are annularly and evenly distributed. The surge energy storage mechanism (3) includes a driving cylinder bracket (25) and a surge induction component (26). The surge induction component (26) includes a driving cylinder (27). The driving cylinder (27) is snap-fitted in the driving cylinder bracket (25); The liquid in the central cylinder (9) can enter the driving cylinder (27), and the liquid in the driving cylinder (27) can enter the reflux liquid storage chamber (7).

2. The buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined angle part (38) is arranged on the inner ring of the semi-circular snap ring (10).

3. The buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: A top block (18) is arranged below the negative pressure piston (13).

4. A buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water storage and pumping mechanism (1) also includes a solenoid valve (8). The reflux liquid storage chamber (7) is arranged on the bottom plate (34). The reflux liquid storage chamber (7) and the central cylinder (9) are connected through a solenoid valve (8) and a conduit. The valve core of the solenoid valve (8) is slidably sleeved on the cylindrical lever (17).

5. A buoy for marine ecological feature detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid replacement component (19) further includes a one-way tube (22). The detection cylinder (21) and the central cylinder (9) are connected by the one-way tube (22). A thin plate type one-way valve (23) is slidably arranged in the detection cylinder (21). The space formed by the thin plate type one-way valve (23) and the water quality detection module (20) is used for detecting water quality. A sensor (24) is arranged on the water quality detection module (20), and the sensor (24) is located inside the detection cylinder (21).

6. A buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving cylinder bracket (25) is arranged below the floating plate (33).

7. A buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first one-way valve (30) and a second one-way valve (31) are arranged at the front end of the driving cylinder (27). The transmission liquid in the central cylinder (9) enters the driving cylinder (27) through a pipeline and the second one-way valve (31). The transmission liquid in the driving cylinder (27) enters the reflux liquid storage chamber (7) through a pipeline and the first one-way valve (30). A driving piston rod (28) is clamped and slidably arranged in the driving cylinder (27). An induction plate (32) is arranged at the end of the driving piston rod (28). A surge return spring (29) is arranged between the bottom of the driving cylinder (27) and the driving piston rod (28).

8. A buoy for detecting marine ecological characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buoy housing assembly (4) further includes a housing (35). The housing (35) is arranged on the bottom plate (34). The water storage and pumping mechanism (1) and the circulation detection mechanism (2) are located inside the housing (35). An antenna (36) for the water quality detection module (20) to communicate with the outside is arranged on the housing (35). Stay ropes (37) are annularly and evenly arranged between the antenna (36) and the floating plate (33).

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