Pump detection spectrum measurement system based on angle resolution

Abstract

The invention discloses a pumping detection spectral measurement system based on angle resolution, and belongs to the technical field of transient spectral measurement. The system comprises a pumping excitation light path, a detection light path, a collection light path and a microscopic illumination module. And the pumping excitation light path controls the time delay of the pumping light and the detection light through the time delay table, so that the excitation of the sample and the accurate time regulation and control of the pumping light are realized. The detection light path is converted into a wide-spectrum white light pulse by using a pulse laser source and focuses the wide-spectrum white light pulse to the surface of a sample for spectrum detection. A collection light path realizes angle resolution through a small hole in a k space surface, wavelength and energy resolution can be realized at the same time, and signal information at different angles is captured. And the microscopic illumination module is used for carrying out microscopic illumination on the sample and positioning the position of the sample. According to the system, an angle resolution acquisition mode is utilized, angle selective acquisition is realized through a small hole of a k space, signals are analyzed from three dimensions of time, angle and wavelength, and transient angle resolution absorption spectrums at different times can be effectively acquired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transient spectroscopy measurement system, and in particular to a pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution, belonging to the field of transient spectroscopy measurement. Background Art

[0002] Pump-probe spectroscopy is a spectroscopic means of kinetic characterization developed based on the pump-probe method. In the test, the pump light excites the photo-physical and chemical processes in the sample, adjusts its delay time, and uses the probe light to record the population status of the excited state particles at different delay times, so as to obtain the detailed kinetic process of the transition of the substance molecules from the excited state to other lower energy levels or the ground state. Therefore, the transient absorption technique can detect the transition routes and transition rates between the excited state energy levels of samples in different states. One of its major features is that it can give all the transition processes of the molecular excited state within the detectable delay time. In particular, femtosecond transient absorption provides the transition processes on the ultrafast femtosecond and picosecond scales, including common physical processes such as energy transfer, electron transfer, trap states, and dark states, and is a key tool for explaining phenomena and in-depth mechanisms in the fields of photovoltaics, displays, and nanomaterials.

[0003] The transient spectra of some quasiparticles such as exciton polaritons have dispersion characteristics. In order to study the transition processes of these quasiparticles on the femtosecond and picosecond scales, requirements are put forward for the angular resolution energy of the pump-probe spectroscopy. However, the commonly used pump-probe spectroscopy currently lacks selective detection of angles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution, which can collect the transient angular resolution absorption spectra at different times and can realize the collection of pump-probe spectroscopy selective angle detection light.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution disclosed by the present invention includes a pump excitation optical path, a detection optical path, a collection optical path, and a micro-illumination module. The pump excitation optical path excites the sample and generates a time delay with the probe light pulse through a time delay stage; the detection optical path changes the pulsed laser light source into a broadband pulsed white light source and focuses it on the surface of the sample; the collection optical path realizes angular resolution through a small hole on the k-space plane and realizes wavelength or energy resolution through a detector; the micro-illumination module realizes micro-illumination of the sample to determine the position of the sample.

[0007] The pump excitation optical path includes a femtosecond laser light source, a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a first polarizer, a delay line, an optical chopper, a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a first objective lens, and a sample stage. The femtosecond laser light source emits femtosecond pulsed laser that passes through the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, passes through the first polarizer, enters the delay line, passes through the optical chopper, and is reflected by the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror into the first objective lens. The sample is located at the focal point of the first objective lens, and the first objective lens focuses the femtosecond pulsed laser on the surface of the sample placed on the sample stage to excite the sample.

[0008] The detection optical path includes a femtosecond laser light source, a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a first reflector, a white light crystal, a first reflector, a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a first objective lens, and a sample stage. The femtosecond laser light source emits femtosecond pulsed laser that is reflected by the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror and then reflected by the first reflector into the white light crystal. The white light crystal converts the femtosecond pulsed laser into pulsed broadband white light. The pulsed broadband white light is reflected by the second reflector, passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror and the first objective lens. The sample is located at the focal point of the first objective lens, and the first objective lens focuses the pulsed broadband white light on the surface of the sample placed on the sample stage to detect the sample.

[0009] The collection optical path includes a second objective lens, a second polarizer, a first lens, a magnetic base, a second lens, an electrically precision movable pinhole, a third lens, a three-degree-of-freedom displacement stage, and a detector. The detection optical signal passing through the sample is collected by the second objective lens. The sample is located at the focal point of the second objective lens. The detection optical signals passing through the sample at different angles are converged by the second objective lens on the rear focal plane of the second objective lens. At this time, the second objective lens acts as a Fourier transform device to converge the detection optical signals of the same angle at one position on the rear focal plane and converge the detection optical signals of different angles at different positions on the rear focal plane. The angle and the position correspond one by one, converting the angle information into the position information in the k-space. The first lens and the second objective lens are confocal, that is, the distance between them is the sum of the focal lengths of the first lens and the second objective lens. The distance between the second lens and the electrically precision movable pinhole is the focal length of the second lens. Thus, the first lens and the second lens move the k-space optical signal on the rear focal plane of the second objective lens passing through the second polarizer, the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, and the fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror to the moving plane of the electrically precision movable pinhole. The electrically precision movable pinhole selects the position in the k-space. The detection optical signal passing through the electrically precision movable pinhole is focused by the third lens mounted on the three-axis displacement stage on the detector, and the detection optical signals of different wavelengths are recorded to obtain a time-resolved spectrum of a k-space position. Control the electrically precision movable pinhole to move on the plane where the k-space is located. Each time it moves to a position, adjust the three-axis displacement stage so that the third lens focuses the optical signal passing through the electrically precision movable pinhole on the same position of the detector, completing the acquisition of the detection optical signals of different angles under one time delay. Through the delay line, the time delay between the excitation light and the detection light is performed to complete the acquisition of the detection optical signals of different angles under different time delays.

[0010] The first lens is mounted on a magnetic base. The first lens is moved into or out of the optical path through the magnetic base. When the first lens is moved out of the optical path, the sample detection optical signal passes through the second objective lens and becomes parallel light. The detection optical signal passes through the third semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror and the fourth semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, and is focused on the precision moving small hole through the second lens. The detection optical signal passing through the small hole is focused on the detector by the third lens mounted on the three-axis displacement stage, and the detection optical signals of different wavelengths are recorded. The time delay between the excitation light and the detection light is carried out through the delay line to complete the acquisition of the full-angle detection optical signal at different time delays.

[0011] The microscopic illumination module includes a CCD camera, illumination white light, a third semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, and a fourth semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror. The microscopic illumination module is used to achieve regional illumination and positioning of micron-level samples. Through the semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, the excitation of light at a predetermined position of the micro-region sample is achieved while observing the sample in real time, so as to collect the angular resolution detection optical spectrum of the micro-region sample in real time. The white light emitted by the illumination white light is reflected by the fourth semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, passes through the third semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror and enters the second objective lens, and is focused on the sample stage to achieve sample illumination. The white light reflected by the sample is reflected by the third semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror to the CCD camera to achieve the illumination imaging of the sample. That is, through the third semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror and the fourth semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, the excitation beam, the collected signal and the imaging illumination optical path do not interfere with each other, and the excitation of light at a predetermined position of the micro-region sample is achieved while observing the sample in real time, and no switching of any optical elements in the optical path is required, so as to collect the angular resolution detection optical signal spectrum of the micro-region sample in real time.

[0012] The white light crystal includes but is not limited to YAG crystal, sapphire crystal and CaF2 crystal.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission and reflection ratio of the semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror is 1:1. As a beam splitting device, the influence on the entire optical path is minimized as much as possible.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. A pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution disclosed by the present invention aims at the lack of angular resolution ability in the current pump-probe spectroscopy measurement. The pump excitation optical path excites the sample, and the time delay with the detection optical pulse is generated through the time delay stage; the detection optical path changes the pulsed laser light source into a broadband pulsed white light source and focuses it on the sample surface; the collection optical path realizes angular resolution through the small hole on the k-space plane, and realizes the resolution of wavelength or energy through the detector; the microscopic illumination module realizes microscopic illumination of the sample to determine the sample position. Using the small hole on the k-space plane to achieve angular resolution can collect the transient angular resolution absorption spectrum at different times and realize the selective angular detection light acquisition of the pump-probe spectrum.

[0016] 2. A pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution disclosed by the present invention realizes time resolution by using pump-probe pulse delay, realizes angular resolution by using a small hole on the k-space plane, and realizes wavelength or energy resolution by using a detector. It can analyze optical signals in three dimensions simultaneously, so as to comprehensively analyze the response state of the sample to the excitation light and expand the selective detection of the pump-probe spectrum for angles.

[0017] 3. A pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution disclosed by the present invention realizes the switching between the selective angular detection light acquisition of the pump-probe spectrum and the full-angle detection light acquisition of the pump-probe spectrum by designing adjustable optical components. Thus, it can also realize the tests of the angular resolution pump-probe spectrum and the ordinary pump-probe spectrum. The specific technical solutions include: setting an electrically driven precision moving small hole in the collection optical path, allowing the selective adjustment of the collection angle corresponding to the optical signal on the k-space; at the same time, by adjusting the size of the electrically driven precision moving small hole, the system can switch between the angular resolution mode and the full-angle mode. In the angular resolution mode, precise selection and acquisition of optical signals at different angles are realized through the electrically driven precision moving small hole, ensuring that transient spectral data with angular resolution can be obtained; while in the full-angle mode, the optical components allow wider light reception, ensuring that spectral data within the entire angular range can be obtained. This design scheme can be flexibly switched according to experimental requirements, providing angular resolution and full-angle pump-probe spectral data, greatly enhancing the flexibility and accuracy of spectral measurement.

[0018] 4. For a pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution disclosed by the present invention, the transmission and reflection ratio of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is 1:1, which can minimize the influence on the entire optical path. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 This is a pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angular resolution of the present invention.

[0020] Wherein: 1 - femtosecond laser light source, 2 - first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, 3 - first polarizer, 4 - delay line, 5 - chopper, 6 - first reflector, 7 - white light crystal, 8 - second reflector, 9 - second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, 10 - first objective lens, 11 - sample stage, 12 - second objective lens, 13 - second polarizer, 14 - CCD camera, 15 - illuminating white light, 16 - third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, 17 - fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, 18 - first lens, 19 - magnetic base, 20 - second lens, 21 - electrically driven precision moving small hole, 22 - third lens, 23 - three-degree-of-freedom displacement stage, 24 - detector. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] To better illustrate the purpose and advantages of the present invention, the content of the invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] In this example, the pump-probe selective angular detection light spectrum and the pump-probe full-angle spectrum are measured. As Figure 1 shown, a pump-probe spectrum measurement system based on angular resolution disclosed in this example positions the sample through a microscopic illumination module. The microscopic illumination module includes a CCD camera 14, an illuminating white light 15, a third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 16, and a fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 17. The white light emitted by the illuminating white light 15 is reflected by the fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 17, passes through the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 16 and enters the second objective lens 12, and is focused on the sample stage 11 to achieve sample illumination. The white light reflected by the sample passes through the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 16 and is reflected onto the CCD camera 14 to achieve the illumination imaging of the sample. That is, through the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 16 and the fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 17, the excitation beam and the collected signal do not interfere with the imaging illumination optical path, and while observing the sample in real time, the light at a predetermined position of the micro-region sample can be excited, and there is no need to switch any optical elements in the optical path, so as to collect the angular resolution detection light signal spectrum of the micro-region sample in real time.

[0024] The sample is excited through a pump excitation optical path. The pump excitation optical path includes a femtosecond laser light source 1, a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 2, a first polarizer 3, a delay line 4, an optical chopper 5, a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 9, a first objective lens 10, and a sample stage 11. The femtosecond laser light source 1 emits a femtosecond pulsed laser that passes through the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 2, passes through the first polarizer 3, and adjusts the angle of the first polarizer so that the polarization directions of the excitation light and the detection light are perpendicular. The detection light continues to enter the delay line 4, passes through the optical chopper 5, is reflected by the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 9 and enters the first objective lens 10. The sample is located at the focal point of the first objective lens 10, and the first objective lens 10 focuses the femtosecond pulsed laser on the surface of the sample placed on the sample stage 11 to excite the sample.

[0025] The state of the sample after excitation is detected through a detection optical path. The detection optical path includes a femtosecond laser light source 1, a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 2, a first mirror 6, a white light crystal 7, a first mirror 8, a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 9, a first objective lens 10, and a sample stage 11. The femtosecond pulsed laser emitted by the femtosecond laser light source 1 is reflected by the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 2, and then reflected by the first mirror 6 and enters the white light crystal 7. The white light crystal 7 converts the femtosecond pulsed laser into a pulsed broadband white light. The pulsed broadband white light is reflected by the second mirror 8, passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 9 and the first objective lens 10. The sample is located at the focal point of the first objective lens 10, and the first objective lens 10 focuses the pulsed broadband white light on the surface of the sample placed on the sample stage 11 to detect the sample.

[0026] The detection light signal passing through the sample is selectively collected at an angle through a collection optical path; the collection optical path includes a second objective lens 12, a second polarizer 13, a first lens 18, a magnetic base 19, a second lens 20, an electrically precise movable small hole 21, a third lens 22, a three-degree-of-freedom displacement stage 23, and a detector 24; the detection light signal passing through the sample is collected by the second objective lens 12, the sample is located at the focal point of the second objective lens 12, and the detection light signals at different angles passing through the sample are converged by the second objective lens 12 on the rear focal plane of the second objective lens 12. At this time, the second objective lens 12 acts as a Fourier transform device to converge the detection light signals at the same angle to one position on the rear focal plane, and converge the detection light signals at different angles to different positions on the rear focal plane, with the angle and position corresponding one by one, converting the angle information into the position information in the k-space. The first lens 18 and the second objective lens 20 are confocal, that is, the distance between them is the sum of the focal lengths of the first lens 18 and the second objective lens 20, and the distance between the second lens 20 and the electrically precise movable small hole 21 is the focal length of the second lens 20. Thus, the first lens 18 and the second lens 20 move the k-space optical signal on the rear focal plane of the second objective lens passing through the second polarizer 13, the third half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror 16, and the fourth half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror 17 to the moving plane of the electrically precise movable small hole 21. Adjust the direction of the second polarizer 13 so that the polarization direction of the second polarizer 13 is parallel to the polarization direction of the detection light and perpendicular to the polarization direction of the excitation light, thereby filtering the excitation light signal. The position in the k-space is selected by the electrically precise movable small hole 21, and the detection light signal passing through the electrically precise movable small hole 21 is focused on the detector 24 by the third lens 22 mounted on the three-axis displacement stage 23, and the detection light signals of different wavelengths are recorded to obtain a time-resolved spectrum at a position in the k-space. Control the electrically precise movable small hole 21 to move on the plane where the k-space is located. Each time it moves to a position, adjust the three-axis displacement stage 23 so that the third lens 22 focuses the light signal passing through the electrically precise movable small hole 21 on the same position of the detector 24, completing the acquisition of the detection light signals at different angles under one time delay. The time delay between the excitation light and the detection light is performed through the delay line 4 to complete the acquisition of the detection light signals at different angles under different time delays.

[0027] Since the first lens 18 is mounted on the magnetic base 19, the first lens 18 can be moved into or out of the optical path through the magnetic base 19. When the first lens 18 is moved out of the optical path, the detection light signal passing through the sample becomes parallel light through the second objective lens 12. The detection light signal passes through the third half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror 16 and the fourth half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror 17, is converged by the second lens 20 on the precise movable small hole 21, and the detection light signal passing through the small hole is focused on the detector 24 by the third lens 22 mounted on the three-axis displacement stage 23, and the detection light signals of different wavelengths are recorded. The time delay between the excitation light and the detection light is performed through the delay line 4 to complete the acquisition of the detection light signals at all angles under different time delays.

[0028] The specific description mentioned above further elaborates on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the invention. It should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system based on angle resolution, characterized in that: It includes pump excitation optical path, detection optical path, collection optical path and microscopic illumination module; The pump excitation light path excites the sample and generates a time delay with the detection light pulse through the time delay stage; the detection light path converts the pulsed laser light source into a wide-spectrum pulsed white light source and focuses it on the sample surface; the collection light path achieves angle resolution through a small hole on the k-space plane and achieves wavelength or energy resolution through the detector; the microscopic illumination module implements microscopic illumination of the sample to determine the sample position.

2. The angle-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump excitation optical path comprises a femtosecond laser light source (1), a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (2), a first polarizing plate (3), a delay line (4), an optical chopper (5), a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (9), a first objective lens (10), and a sample stage (11); the femtosecond laser light source (1) emits a femtosecond pulse laser which passes through the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (2), passes through the first polarizing plate (3), enters the delay line (4), passes through the optical chopper (5), is reflected by the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (9), and enters the first objective lens (10); the sample is located at the focus of the first objective lens (10), and the first objective lens (10) focuses the femtosecond pulse laser on the surface of the sample placed on the sample stage (11) to excite the sample.

3. The angle-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection optical path comprises a femtosecond laser light source (1), a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (2), a first reflective mirror (6), a white light crystal (7), a first reflective mirror (8), a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (9), a first objective lens (10), and a sample stage (11); the femtosecond laser light source (1) emits a femtosecond pulse laser, which is reflected by the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (2), and then reflected by the first reflective mirror (6) into the white light crystal (7); the white light crystal (7) converts the femtosecond pulse laser into pulsed wide-spectrum white light; the pulsed wide-spectrum white light is reflected by the second reflective mirror (8), passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (9) and the first objective lens (10); the sample is located at the focus of the first objective lens (10); the first objective lens (10) focuses the pulsed wide-spectrum white light on the surface of the sample placed on the sample stage (11) to detect the sample.

4. The angle-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting optical path comprises a second objective lens (12), a second polarizing plate (13), a first lens (18), a magnetic base (19), a second lens (20), an electric precision movable pinhole (21), a third lens (22), a three-degree-of-freedom displacement stage (23), and a detector (24); the detection light signal passing through the sample is collected by the second objective lens (12), the sample is located at the focus of the second objective lens (12), and the detection light signals passing through the sample at different angles are converged on the back focal plane of the second objective lens (12) through the second objective lens (12). At this time, the second objective lens (12) as a Fourier transform device, the detection light signals of the same angle are converged at one position of the back focal plane, and the detection light signals of different angles are converged at different positions of the back focal plane, the angles and positions correspond one to one, and the angle information is converted into the position information of the k space. The first lens (18) and the second objective lens (20) are co-focused, that is, the distance between the two is the sum of the focal lengths of the first lens (18) and the second objective lens (20), and the distance between the second lens (20) and the electric precision movable pinhole (21) is the focal length of the second lens (20). Thus, the first lens (18) and the second lens (20) move the k-space optical signal of the rear focal plane of the second objective lens through the second polarizing plate (13), the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (16) and the fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (17) to the moving plane of the electric precision moving pinhole (21), and the electric precision moving pinhole (21) selects the position of the k-space. The detection optical signal passing through the electric precision moving pinhole (21) is focused on the detector (24) by the third lens (22) installed on the three-axis translation stage (23), and the detection optical signals of different wavelengths are recorded. The optical signals are recorded to obtain a time-resolved spectrum at a k-space position; the electric precision movable pinhole (21) is controlled to move on the plane where the k-space is located, and each time the position is moved, the three-axis translation stage (23) is adjusted so that the third lens (22) focuses the optical signal passing through the electric precision movable pinhole (21) on the same position of the detector (24), thereby completing the acquisition of detection optical signals at different angles under a time delay; and the time delay of the excitation light and the detection light is performed through the delay line (4), thereby completing the acquisition of detection optical signals at different angles under different time delays.

5. The angle-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first lens (18) is mounted on a magnetic base (19). The first lens (18) is moved into or out of the optical path through the magnetic base (19). When the first lens (18) is moved out of the optical path, a detection light signal passing through the sample is converted into parallel light through the second objective lens (12). The detection light signal passes through a third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (16) and a fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (17), and is converged on a precision movable small hole (21) through a second lens (20). The detection light signal passing through the small hole is focused on a detector (24) by a third lens (22) mounted on a three-axis translation stage (23), and detection light signals of different wavelengths are recorded. The time delay of the excitation light and the detection light is performed through a delay line (4), and the full-angle detection light signal collection under different time delays is completed.

6. The angle-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microscopic illumination module comprises a CCD camera (14), an illumination white light (15), a third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (16), and a fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (17); the microscopic illumination module is used to realize regional illumination and positioning of a micron-level sample, and realizes the excitation of light at a predetermined position of the micro-region sample while observing the sample in real time through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, so as to collect the angular resolution detection light spectrum of the micro-region sample in real time; the white light emitted by the illumination white light (15) is reflected by the fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (17), passes through the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (16), and enters the second objective lens (12). In the embodiment, the light is focused onto the sample stage (11) to realize sample illumination, and the white light reflected by the sample is reflected onto the CCD camera (14) through the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (16) to realize sample illumination imaging, that is, the third semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (16) and the fourth semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (17) are used to ensure that the excitation light beam and the collection signal and the imaging illumination light path do not interfere with each other, and the light at the predetermined position of the micro-area sample is excited while the sample is observed in real time, and there is no need to switch any optical element in the light path, so as to collect the angular resolved detection light signal spectrum of the micro-area sample in real time.

7. The angle-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measurement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: White light crystals are YAG crystals, sapphire crystals or CaF2 crystals.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The transmission and reflection ratio of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is 1:1.

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