Scrap steel preheating system and scrap steel unloading method

Abstract

The invention relates to a scrap steel preheating system and a scrap steel unloading method. The waste steel preheating system comprises a heating furnace and a waste steel unloader; the heating furnace comprises a furnace body side wall and a furnace body bottom wall; the bottom wall of the furnace body is provided with a datum point, a center datum line is arranged on the datum point in the vertical direction, and the bottom wall of the furnace body can rotate relative to the center datum line; when the bottom wall of the furnace body rotates, the side wall of the furnace body keeps still; the bottom wall of the furnace body is gradually arched from the self edge to the reference point; a discharging port is formed in the side wall of the furnace body and faces the edge of the bottom wall of the furnace body. The scrap steel unloader can stretch into the heating furnace, and scrap steel on the edge area of the bottom wall of the furnace body is pushed out of the discharging port. The bottom wall of the furnace body can prevent the scrap steel borne on the bottom wall from rolling down, and the scrap steel unloader can unload the scrap steel conveniently by means of gravity; therefore, the scrap steel unloader can unload a large amount of scrap steel at a time, and the unloading efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of hot scrap steel production, and particularly to a scrap steel preheating system and a scrap steel unloading method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the application of hot scrap steel in the industry, it is found that the preheating process before using scrap steel will directly affect the efficiency of scrap steel application. The solution of using a heating furnace to heat scrap steel is difficult to solve the difficulty of unloading scrap steel. Because the process of unloading scrap steel is cumbersome and time-consuming, the heat in the heating furnace will inevitably flow out, indirectly causing energy consumption; while other ways of preheating scrap steel are difficult to meet the efficiency requirements of scrap steel preheating. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a scrap steel preheating system and a scrap steel unloading method for the defect problems existing in the scrap steel preheating operation.

[0004] A scrap steel preheating system includes:

[0005] A heating furnace and a scrap steel unloader;

[0006] The heating furnace includes a furnace body side wall and a furnace body bottom wall; the furnace body bottom wall has a reference point, and a central reference line is arranged vertically on the reference point. The furnace body bottom wall can rotate relative to the central reference line; when the furnace body bottom wall rotates, the furnace body side wall remains stationary; the furnace body bottom wall arches gradually from its edge towards the reference point; a discharge port is opened on the furnace body side wall, and the discharge port is opened towards the edge of the furnace body bottom wall;

[0007] The scrap steel unloader can extend into the heating furnace and push the scrap steel on the edge area of the furnace body bottom wall out from the discharge port.

[0008] In one embodiment, the furnace body bottom wall is arranged as a circle, and the reference point is arranged at the center of the furnace body bottom wall; the distance from the reference point to any point on the edge of the furnace body bottom wall is equal.

[0009] In one embodiment, the furnace body bottom wall has an inclination angle with the horizontal plane, and the range of the inclination angle is set between 5° - 30°.

[0010] In one embodiment, it further includes: a fixing frame arranged outside the heating furnace, and the furnace body side wall is fixed on the fixing frame;

[0011] A first matching part is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body side wall, and a second matching part is arranged at the top of the furnace body bottom wall; the first matching part and the second matching part are matched with each other, so that when the furnace body bottom wall rotates, the furnace body side wall remains stationary.

[0012] In one embodiment, the scrap unloading machine includes a main body portion and a pushing portion provided on the main body portion; the main body portion can extend into the heating furnace, and the pushing portion can move relative to the main body portion, so as to push the scrap along the bottom wall of the furnace body into the discharging port.

[0013] In one embodiment, it further includes a scrap transportation device, which is arranged below the discharging port and is used to receive the scrap falling from the discharging port and transfer the scrap.

[0014] In one embodiment, it further includes a steel feeding device, which is used to place the scrap in the piling area on the bottom wall of the furnace body.

[0015] In one embodiment, it further includes a dust removal system, which is arranged above the discharging port and is used to perform dust removal operations.

[0016] A scrap unloading method, applicable to the scrap preheating system of any one of the above, is set that there is a loading space, a steel pushing area and a steel feeding area in the heating furnace; the area directly opposite the discharging port in the heating furnace is set as the steel pushing area, and the area adjacent to the steel pushing area is set as the steel feeding area; the loading space is used to carry the scrap, and the loading space can rotate in the heating furnace so that at least part of the loading space coincides with the steel pushing area. The above method includes:

[0017] Add scrap to the loading space in the heating furnace and start the preheating operation of the heating furnace;

[0018] After the preheating operation is completed, open the discharging port, control the scrap unloading machine to the pushing state, and unload the scrap in the steel pushing area from the discharging port;

[0019] After the scrap unloading is completed, close the discharging port, control the scrap unloading machine to the retracted state, and rotate the bottom wall of the furnace body until the loading space originally located in the steel pushing area rotates to coincide with the steel feeding area;

[0020] Supplement scrap to the loading space corresponding to the steel feeding area.

[0021] In one embodiment, adding scrap to the loading space in the heating furnace and starting the preheating operation of the heating furnace includes:

[0022] During the start of the preheating operation, the bottom wall of the furnace body continuously rotates relative to the central reference line.

[0023] The above scrap preheating system includes a heating furnace and a scrap unloading machine; the heating furnace includes a furnace body side wall and a furnace body bottom wall; the furnace body bottom wall has a reference point, and a central reference line is arranged vertically on the reference point, and the furnace body bottom wall can rotate relative to the central reference line; when the furnace body bottom wall rotates, the furnace body side wall remains stationary; the furnace body bottom wall arches gradually from its own edge towards the reference point; a discharge port is provided on the furnace body side wall, and the discharge port is arranged towards the edge of the furnace body bottom wall; the scrap unloading machine can extend into the heating furnace and push the scrap on the edge area of the furnace body bottom wall out from the discharge port. The furnace body bottom wall can make the scrap carried thereon neither roll down nor facilitate the gravity unloading of the scrap unloading machine; so that the scrap unloading machine can unload a large amount of scrap at one time and improve the unloading efficiency.

[0024] A scrap unloading method, applicable to the above scrap preheating system, has the above beneficial effects. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the scrap preheating system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional view of the scrap preheating system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0028] 1. Heating furnace; 1.1 Furnace body side wall; 1.2 Furnace body bottom wall; 2. Scrap unloading machine; 2.1 Main body part; 2.2 Pushing part; 3. Discharge port; 4. Scrap transportation equipment; 5. Steel adding equipment; 6. Scrap stacking area; 7. Dust removal system; 8. Scrap; A. Steel pushing area; B. Steel adding area; a. Inclination angle. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0031] In addition, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", these terms are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, if there is a term "plurality", the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0032] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, if there are terms such as "installation", "connection", "attachment", "fixation", etc., these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, if there is a description such as a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature, the meaning may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 and the attached Figure 2 as shown, Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the scrap preheating system provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 is a side sectional view of the scrap preheating system provided by the embodiment of the present application. A scrap preheating system is shown, including: a heating furnace 1 and a scrap unloader 2. The heating furnace 1 includes: a furnace body side wall 1.1 and a furnace body bottom wall 1.2. During the heating operation, the furnace body side wall 1.1 and the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 mainly function to enclose the heating space and prevent heat dissipation.

[0036] There is a reference point on the furnace body bottom wall 1.2. A central reference line is provided in the vertical direction on the reference point. The furnace body bottom wall 1.2 can rotate relative to the central reference line. When the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 rotates, the furnace body side wall 1.1 remains stationary. The furnace body bottom wall 1.2 gradually arches from its own edge towards the reference point. A discharge port 3 is provided on the furnace body side wall 1.1, and the discharge port 3 is opened towards the edge of the furnace body bottom wall 1.2. The scrap unloader 2 can extend into the heating furnace 1 to push the scrap 8 on the edge area of the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 out from the discharge port 3. The discharge port 3 facilitates the scrap unloader 2 to push the scrap 8 accumulated on the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 out of the heating furnace 1. The rotation of the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 can dynamically heat the scrap 8, enabling all parts of the scrap 8 to be heated more evenly and improving the heating efficiency.

[0037] In this application, an arched slope is provided on the furnace body bottom wall 1.2. The arching of the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 can make the scrap 8 carried on it neither roll down nor facilitate the scrap unloader 2 to unload the scrap 8 by means of gravity. The reduction of the friction force on the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 can reduce the wear of the furnace body bottom wall 1.2 during the process of pushing the scrap 8, facilitating the scrap unloader 2 to unload a large amount of scrap 8 at one time and improving the unloading efficiency.

[0038] Among them, the preheating of the scrap steel 8 by the heating furnace 1 is not restricted by the shape of the scrap steel 8. Compressed blocks, loose scrap, and irregular-shaped scrap steel 8 can all be fed into the furnace, and the unloading is equally convenient. Utilizing the characteristic of the long heating section of the heating furnace 1, there is sufficient time and temperature to burn out the combustibles in the scrap steel 8, minimizing the problem of smoke emission during unloading and transportation. The scrap steel 8 in the heating furnace 1 can be heated to 1000°C - 1400°C. The specific usage methods and structural settings of other components of the heating furnace 1 can refer to the conventional circular scrap steel heating furnace in the prior art, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body is set to be circular, and the reference point is set at the center of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body; the distance from the reference point to any point on the edge of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body is equal.

[0040] During the rotation process, the movement trajectory of the scrap steel 8 on the circular bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body is more regular. The scrap steel 8 will roll and redistribute evenly around the center position under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity. Compared with bottom walls of other shapes, the circular bottom wall can ensure that the movement of the scrap steel 8 in all directions is more balanced, enabling the scrap steel 8 to receive heat from the heating devices around the furnace body more evenly, thereby improving the heating quality and reducing the poor treatment effect of the scrap steel 8 caused by uneven heating.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, there is an inclination angle a between the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body and the horizontal plane, and the range of the inclination angle a is set between 5° - 30°. The existence of the inclination angle a causes the distribution of the scrap steel 8 on the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body to be biased under the influence of gravity. For example, when the inclination angle a is 15°, the scrap steel 8 will gradually gather on the side with a lower inclination angle a under the action of gravity. During unloading, the scrap steel unloader 2 does not need to search and push the scrap steel 8 on the entire furnace bottom over a large area because most of the scrap steel 8 has naturally accumulated on the side close to the unloading port 3, greatly improving the unloading efficiency.

[0042] The inclination angle a makes the gathering position of the scrap steel 8 closer to the unloading port 3, forming a natural channel that is more conducive to the pushing out of the scrap steel 8. Just like pushing an object on a sloping slideway, the scrap steel 8 is more likely to roll along the inclined furnace bottom towards the unloading port 3, reducing the resistance of the scrap steel 8 in the furnace and enabling the scrap steel unloader 2 to more easily push the scrap steel 8 out from the unloading port 3.

[0043] When no unloading operation is performed, although the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body has an inclination angle a, the scrap steel 8 can still remain relatively stable. This is because there is friction between the scrap steel 8, and of course, there is also friction between the scrap steel 8 and the inclined bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body. The scrap steel 8 is mutually extruded, and this mutual acting force can resist the component force of gravity, preventing the scrap steel 8 from automatically sliding due to the inclination.

[0044] When the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body rotates, the inclination angle a helps the scrap steel 8 to achieve dynamic balance during the rotation. Under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, the scrap steel 8 will form a relatively stable distribution state on the inclined furnace bottom. For example, the scrap steel 8 will be gradually stratified during the rotation. The scrap steel 8 close to the furnace bottom is subject to greater frictional force, and the outer layer of scrap steel 8 will not easily break away from the whole under the action of centrifugal force, thus ensuring that the scrap steel 8 can maintain a relatively stable state whether it is in a static or rotating state on the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body, which is beneficial to the normal progress of the heating process.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, it further includes: a fixing frame arranged outside the furnace body, and the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body is fixed to the fixing frame;

[0046] A first mating part is provided at the bottom of the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body, and a second mating part is provided at the top of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body; the first mating part and the second mating part cooperate with each other, so that the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body remains stationary when the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body rotates.

[0047] The fixing frame can be set as a supporting component composed of a metal frame structure, and the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body is firmly fixed on it by welding or bolt connection. The shape and size of the fixing frame are designed according to the size and shape of the furnace body to ensure that stable support can be provided. For example, for a large heating furnace 1, the fixing frame can be a frame structure welded by large steel materials such as I-beams, and its bottom is fixed to the ground foundation through anchor bolts to ensure the stability of the entire heating furnace 1 during operation.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the first mating part can be set as an annular bearing seat, which is installed at the bottom edge position of the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body. The second mating part is a ball bearing that matches it, which is installed at the top edge position of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body. When the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body rotates, the balls roll in the bearing seat, thereby realizing the flexible rotation of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body and ensuring the stationary state of the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the first mating part can be an annular track with wear-resistant materials (such as graphite, etc.), which is installed at the bottom of the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body. The second mating part is a slider that fits tightly with it, and the slider is installed at the top of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body. The slider slides on the track. In order to reduce friction, a lubricant can be added between the slider and the track.

[0050] By adopting a suitable structure of the first mating part and the second mating part, the frictional loss during the rotation of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body can be effectively reduced. The maintenance cycle of the equipment can be extended, the frequency of equipment failures caused by component wear is reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment and increasing the overall service life of the equipment.

[0051] The side wall 1.1 of the furnace body is fixed by a fixing frame, so that the entire heating furnace 1 has a stable positioning in space. The cooperation mode of the first mating part and the second mating part ensures that the rotation of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body does not affect the stationary state of the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body. This is very important for the stability of the heating environment inside the heating furnace 1. For example, heating elements, temperature sensors and other equipment inside the heating furnace 1 are usually installed on the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body. If the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body rotates together with the bottom wall, the positions and working states of these equipment will be disturbed, which may lead to problems such as uneven heating and inaccurate temperature measurement.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the scrap unloading machine 2 includes a main body portion 2.1 and a pushing portion 2.2 provided on the main body portion 2.1; the main body portion 2.1 can extend into the heating furnace 1, and the pushing portion 2.2 can move relative to the main body portion 2.1, so as to push the scrap 8 along the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body into the discharge port 3.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, a scrap transportation device 4 is further included. The scrap transportation device 4 is arranged below the discharge port 3 for receiving the scrap 8 falling from the discharge port 3 and transferring the scrap 8.

[0054] The scrap trough can be a metal trough body with a certain depth and width. For example, it can be welded by steel plates. Its shape can be rectangular, and the bottom and sides need to be strong enough to bear the weight of the scrap 8. In order to prevent the scrap 8 from slipping during transportation, the edges of the scrap trough can be appropriately raised, generally about 30-50 cm in height. The length of the trough body is designed according to actual needs, taking into account the length of the pushing portion 2.2 of the pusher and the reserved safety space. The scrap trough can be installed on a vehicle frame with rollers, and the rollers are driven by a motor to move, or it can be transported in a track type, and the scrap 8 is transported to a designated location along a specific track.

[0055] The length of the pushing portion 2.2 of the pusher is 1-2 meters less than the length of the scrap trough, so that when the pusher pushes the scrap 8 out of the discharge port 3, the scrap 8 can completely fall into the scrap trough.

[0056] The reasonable design of the scrap steel tank volume and the length of the pusher's pushing part 2.2 ensures that the hot scrap steel 8 can be safely received and transported after falling from the discharge port 3. Sufficient scrap steel tank volume can prevent the scrap steel 8 from overflowing due to excessive stacking during transportation, avoiding the hot scrap steel 8 falling into the surrounding environment and causing safety accidents such as scalding operators or triggering fires. Compared with the situation without sufficient safety margin, this design can significantly reduce the risk during the transportation of hot scrap steel 8.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, it further includes a steel feeding device 5, which is used to place the scrap steel 8 in the stacking area 6 onto the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body.

[0058] The above-mentioned steel feeding device 5 can be set as a robotic arm type steel feeding device or a conveyor belt type steel feeding device. The robotic arm type steel feeding device can accurately place the scrap steel 8 at the designated position on the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body through precise joint control and accurate operation of the grasping device. This helps to optimize the distribution of the scrap steel 8 in the furnace, enabling the scrap steel 8 to be heated better during the heating process. Although the conveyor belt type steel feeding device has slightly lower accuracy compared to the robotic arm type, through reasonable design of the position and movement of the discharging device, it can also achieve relatively accurate steel feeding, ensuring that the scrap steel 8 is evenly distributed on the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body and improving the heating effect.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, it further includes a dust removal system 7, which is arranged above the discharge port and is used to perform dust removal operations.

[0060] The dust removal system 7 includes a dust collection hood. The dust collection hood should be arranged above the discharge port, and its shape is designed to effectively cover the discharge area. For example, it can be a large square or circular hood. Its size should be determined according to the size of the discharge port 3 and the scattering range of the scrap steel 8 during discharging. Generally, it is necessary to ensure that the dust generated during the discharging of the scrap steel 8 can be collected by the dust collection hood as much as possible. The dust collection hood can be made of metal materials (such as steel plates), with anti-rust treatment inside, and good sealing should be done at the connection between the hood and the discharge port or the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body to prevent dust leakage.

[0061] To better guide dust into subsequent dust removal equipment, the top or side of the dust collection hood can be designed to be inclined, causing the dust to gather towards the entrance of the dust collection pipe under the combined action of gravity and air flow. At the same time, soft sealing materials (such as rubber strips) can be installed at the edge of the dust collection hood, which can closely fit with the equipment when the scrap steel unloader 2 or other unloading equipment is working, further reducing dust spillage. The dust collection hood should be set above the unloading port, and its shape is designed to effectively cover the unloading area. For example, it can be a large square or circular hood. Its size should be determined according to the size of the unloading port 3 and the scattering range of the scrap steel 8 during unloading. Generally, it is necessary to ensure that the dust generated during the unloading process of the scrap steel 8 is collected by the dust collection hood as much as possible. The dust collection hood can be made of metal materials (such as steel plates), with anti-rust treatment inside, and good sealing should be done at the connection between the hood and the unloading port or the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body to prevent dust leakage.

[0062] To better guide dust into subsequent dust removal equipment, the top or side of the dust collection hood can be designed to be inclined, causing the dust to gather towards the entrance of the dust collection pipe under the combined action of gravity and air flow. At the same time, soft sealing materials (such as rubber strips, etc.) can be installed at the edge of the dust collection hood, which can closely fit with the equipment when the scrap steel unloader 2 or other unloading equipment is working, further reducing dust spillage.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the outer diameter of the heating furnace 1 is 40 m (meters), the inner diameter is 34 m, and the height is 3.5 m. The inclination angle a of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body is 15°. The pushing part 2.2 of the scrap steel unloader 2 is set to push steel plates. The scrap steel unloader 2 is provided with a scrap steel tank car, and a scrap steel tank is opened on the scrap steel tank car. The pushing steel plate is 11 m long and 3 m high. The scrap steel tank is 13 m long, 3 m wide, and the maximum height is 3.5 m. The heating furnace 1 heats the scrap steel 8 to 1100 °C, opens the unloading port 3, and the exhaust fan of the dust removal system 7 starts. The hot scrap steel 8 is pushed out by the scrap steel unloader 2 at one time and all falls into the scrap steel tank. The scrap steel tank car transports the scrap steel 8 along the track. Subsequently, the pushing part 2.2 of the scrap steel unloader 2 withdraws to its original position, and the heating furnace 1 continues to operate. The steel adding equipment 5 grabs room-temperature scrap steel 8 from the steel stacking area 6 and stacks it on the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body. Applying this system, the scrap steel 8 can be heated to 1000 - 1400 °C, and 40 - 50 t of hot scrap steel 8 can be unloaded at one time, increasing the use amount of scrap steel 8 in the converter and making the ratio of the amount of scrap steel 8 to the amount of molten iron in the converter close to 1:1.

[0064] A scrap steel unloading method, applicable to the scrap steel preheating system of any of the above, is provided. It is set that there is a pusher zone A in the heating furnace 1, and the pusher zone A is the area corresponding to the unloading port 3. It is set that there is a steel feeding zone B adjacent to the pusher zone A in the heating furnace 1. The loading space is used to carry the scrap steel 8, and the loading space will rotate in the heating furnace 1 along with the rotation of the furnace bottom wall 1.2. After the loading space rotates, at least part of it coincides with the pusher zone A, so that the scrap steel 8 falling into the loading space is also distributed in the pusher zone A.

[0065] Among them, the loading space refers to: a specific spatial area in the heating furnace 1 for accommodating and carrying the scrap steel 8. The loading space has rotatability and will rotate along with the corresponding furnace bottom wall 1.2. During the rotation process, part of the area of the loading space can coincide with other specific areas in the heating furnace (such as the pusher zone A). When the loading space coincides with the pusher zone A, it means that at least part of the scrap steel 8 falling into the loading space will be within the range of the pusher zone A. The loading space is a three-dimensional area, and its shape and size are designed according to the internal structure of the heating furnace 1, and it is necessary to ensure that there is enough three-dimensional space to carry the scrap steel 8 and there will be no interference with other fixed structures in the heating furnace 1 during the rotation process. When setting the loading space, it is necessary to accurately calculate its volume to adapt to the amount of scrap steel 8 required each time; at the same time, it is necessary to consider its rotational stability to ensure that there will be no jamming or imbalance due to uneven distribution of scrap steel during the rotation process.

[0066] The pusher zone A refers to: a fixed area determined according to the position of the unloading port 3 of the heating furnace 1. In the heating furnace 1, the part of the area directly opposite the unloading port 3 is always defined as the pusher zone A. The position of the pusher zone A does not change with the movement of other components in the heating furnace, and it maintains a fixed corresponding relationship with the unloading port 3. The main function of the pusher zone A is to serve as an area for pushing the scrap steel towards the unloading port 3 for unloading. When part of the loading space coincides with the pusher zone A and the scrap steel is distributed in the pusher zone A, the pusher operation can be performed on the scrap steel to unload it from the heating furnace 1 through the unloading port 3.

[0067] The steel feeding zone B refers to: the steel feeding zone B is a specific area adjacent to the pusher zone A in the heating furnace 1. The steel feeding zone B is next to the pusher zone A, and its position is fixed and does not change with the movement of movable components such as the loading space in the heating furnace 1. After the loading space completes the unloading operation, it will rotate to a position coinciding with the steel feeding zone B, and at this time, the scrap steel can be filled into the loading space at the steel feeding zone B to prepare for the next round of heating treatment.

[0068] The above scrap steel unloading method includes:

[0069] Step S1: Add the scrap steel 8 to the loading space in the heating furnace 1 and start the preheating operation of the heating furnace 1.

[0070] Specifically: Use the steel-loading device 5 to place the scrap steel 8 in the stacking area 6 into the bearing space on the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body. For the robotic-arm type steel-loading device, through precise joint control and the accurate operation of the grasping device, the scrap steel 8 is accurately placed at the appropriate position in the bearing space, optimizing the distribution of the scrap steel 8 in the furnace so that it can be heated better during the subsequent heating process; for the conveyor-belt type steel-loading device, by reasonably designing the position and movement of the unloading device, relatively accurate steel loading is achieved, ensuring that the scrap steel 8 is distributed relatively evenly in the bearing space and improving the heating effect.

[0071] Turn on the heating system of the heating furnace 1 to preheat the scrap steel 8 in the bearing space. The bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body can rotate relative to the central reference line. The circular design of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body (the reference point is at the center of the circle, and the distance to any point on the edge is equal) and the inclination angle a with the horizontal plane (ranging from 5° to 30°) enable the scrap steel 8 to be heated relatively evenly under the combined action of centrifugal force, gravity, and friction during the preheating process. For example, the circular bottom wall makes the movement trajectory of the scrap steel 8 regular, uniformly tumbling and redistributing around the center position, and the inclination angle a helps the scrap steel 8 to be stratified and maintain a stable state during rotation, ensuring that all parts of the scrap steel 8 can receive heat from the heating devices around the furnace body more effectively, improving the heating efficiency and quality.

[0072] The complete operation logic of the above scrap steel unloading method is as follows: First, in the steel-loading stage, when the bearing space is in the initial state or after the unloading is completed, it rotates to the position coinciding with the steel-loading area B. At this time, through the corresponding steel-loading device, the scrap steel 8 is filled into the bearing space. During the filling process, attention should be paid to making the distribution of the scrap steel as uniform as possible to ensure the stability of the subsequent rotation and steel pushing processes of the bearing space. Then, in the rotation and steel-pushing stage, after the bearing space is filled with scrap steel, it starts to rotate as the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body rotates. When at least part of the bearing space rotates to coincide with the steel-pushing area A, the scrap steel is also distributed in the steel-pushing area A. At this time, start the steel-pushing device to push the scrap steel in the steel-pushing area A towards the unloading port 3 for unloading operation. During the steel-pushing process, it is necessary to ensure that the steel-pushing force is uniform to avoid the accumulation of scrap steel in the steel-pushing area or blockage of the unloading port due to uneven force. After that, in the post-unloading reset stage: After the unloading operation is completed, the bearing space continues to rotate, making the part that originally coincided with the steel-pushing area A (scrap steel area) rotate to the position coinciding with the steel-loading area B. In this way, a complete operation cycle is completed, and then the above steps of steel loading, rotation and steel pushing, and post-unloading reset can be repeated to realize the continuous treatment of scrap steel by the heating furnace.

[0073] In some embodiments, the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body and the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body form a closed heating space to prevent heat dissipation. Specifically, a sealing door can be provided at the top of the heating furnace 1, and a sealing rubber strip or other sealing device can be used between the sealing door and the heating furnace 1 to ensure that when the sealing door is closed, the entire heating space forms a closed environment. The closed heating space helps to maintain the uniformity and stability of the temperature in the heating space. It reduces the entry of external cold air and the leakage of internal hot air, resulting in smaller temperature fluctuations, which is beneficial to improving the heating quality, ensuring that the materials or workpieces are heated evenly, avoiding local overheating or overcooling, and improving the product quality.

[0074] Step S2: After the preheating operation is completed, open the discharge port 3, control the scrap unloading machine 2 to the extended state, and unload the scrap 8 in the pusher area A from the discharge port 3.

[0075] Specifically: The discharge port 3 is located on the side wall 1.1 of the furnace body and is opened towards the edge of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body. When the preheating operation is completed, the discharge port 3 is opened through a corresponding control mechanism (such as an electric valve, a mechanical transmission device, etc.) to provide a passage for unloading the scrap 8. The main body 2.1 can extend into the heating furnace 1. At this time, start the scrap unloading machine 2, and move the pusher 2.2 relative to the main body 2.1 to the extended position to prepare to push out the scrap 8. Among them, the extended state means that the pusher 2.2 extends away from the main body 2.1.

[0076] During unloading, the pusher 2.2 pushes the scrap 8 in the pusher area A along the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body towards the discharge port 3. The inclination angle a of the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body plays an important role in the unloading process. Under the action of gravity, the scrap 8 is more likely to roll along the inclined furnace bottom towards the discharge port 3, reducing the resistance of the scrap 8 in the furnace, enabling the scrap unloading machine 2 to more easily push the scrap 8 out from the discharge port 3 and fall into the scrap transportation equipment 4 (such as a scrap chute) located below the discharge port 3. The volume of the scrap chute and the length of the pusher 2.2 of the pusher are reasonably designed to ensure that the hot scrap 8 can be safely received and transported, preventing the scrap 8 from overflowing due to excessive stacking during transportation and avoiding safety accidents such as scalding operators or causing fires when the hot scrap 8 falls into the surrounding environment.

[0077] The accurate coincidence of the loading space and the pusher area A makes the transportation and heating process of the scrap more controllable, reducing potential safety hazards that may be caused by uneven scrap distribution or out-of-control movement.

[0078] Step S3: After the scrap 8 is unloaded, close the discharge port 3, control the scrap unloading machine 2 to the retracted state, and rotate the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body until the loading space originally located in the pusher area A rotates to coincide with the charging area B.

[0079] Specifically: After the unloading of the scrap steel 8 is completed, the discharge port 3 is closed again through the corresponding control mechanism to restore the closed state of the heating furnace 1 for subsequent operations and the next round of preheating operations, while preventing heat dissipation and the entry of external impurities into the furnace. Operate the scrap steel unloading machine 2 to move the pushing part 2.2 relative to the main body part 2.1 back to the initial position, that is, the retracted state, to make room for the rotation of the furnace bottom wall 1.2 and avoid interference such as collisions during the rotation of the furnace bottom wall 1.2, ensuring the safety and stability of the system operation.

[0080] The furnace bottom wall 1.2 and the furnace side wall 1.1 are configured to keep the side wall stationary when the bottom wall rotates through a specific matching structure (such as the first matching part at the bottom of the furnace side wall 1.1 and the second matching part at the top of the furnace bottom wall 1.2, which can adopt the cooperation of a circular bearing seat and a ball bearing, or the cooperation of a circular track with wear-resistant material and a slider, etc.). Start the rotation drive device of the furnace bottom wall 1.2 (such as a motor, a hydraulic motor, etc.) to rotate the furnace bottom wall 1.2 until the loading space originally located in the corresponding area of the steel pushing area A coincides with the steel adding area B. That is, the space where the steel unloading was completed before is transferred to the steel adding area B. Specifically, devices such as angle sensors can be set to accurately control the rotation angle of the furnace bottom wall 1.2 to ensure that the loading space can accurately rotate from the steel pushing area A to coincide with the steel adding area B.

[0081] This rotation method, combined with the circular design and the inclination angle a of the furnace bottom wall 1.2, can dynamically adjust the position of the scrap steel 8, making the heat absorption of the scrap steel 8 more uniform during the heating process, and at the same time providing convenient conditions for the next step of replenishing the scrap steel 8, optimizing the working process and efficiency of the entire scrap steel preheating system.

[0082] Step S4: Replenish the scrap steel 8 into the loading space corresponding to the steel adding area B.

[0083] Specifically: Use the steel adding device 5 again to place the scrap steel 8 into the loading space that coincides with the steel adding area B, and repeat the steel adding operation process in step S1 to ensure that the replenished scrap steel 8 is reasonably distributed and prepare for the next preheating operation. Through reasonable replenishment of the scrap steel 8 and the rotation operation of the furnace bottom wall 1.2, the cyclic preheating and unloading of the scrap steel 8 in the heating furnace 1 are realized, improving the automation degree and working efficiency of the scrap steel preheating system, while ensuring the quality and stability of the scrap steel 8 preheating and meeting the requirements of the subsequent production process for the scrap steel 8 preheating. Immediately filling the scrap steel 8 into the space after the scrap steel unloading creates space can reduce the heat loss in the heating furnace 1.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, for the above step S1: Add the scrap steel 8 into the loading space in the heating furnace 1 and start the preheating operation of the heating furnace 1, including:

[0085] During the start-up process of the preheating operation, the bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body rotates continuously relative to the central reference line.

[0086] The rotating bottom wall 1.2 of the furnace body prompts the scrap steel 8 to move sufficiently in the furnace, enabling more efficient utilization of the heating space. Whether the scrap steel 8 is close to the furnace wall or located in the central area, it has the opportunity to receive heat at different positions, avoiding the situation where the scrap steel 8 accumulates too thickly in some areas while the heat is idle in other areas, allowing the heat in the heating furnace 1 to be more evenly absorbed by the scrap steel 8 and improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0087] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as within the scope described in this specification.

[0088] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A scrap steel preheating system, characterized in that: include: heating furnaces and scrap unloaders; The heating furnace comprises a furnace body side wall and a furnace body bottom wall; the furnace body bottom wall has a reference point, a center reference line is arranged on the reference point in a vertical direction, and the furnace body bottom wall can rotate relative to the center reference line; the furnace body side wall remains stationary when the furnace body bottom wall rotates; the furnace body bottom wall gradually arches from its edge toward the reference point; a discharge port is provided on the furnace body side wall, and the discharge port is opened toward the edge of the furnace body bottom wall; The scrap steel unloader can extend into the heating furnace to push the scrap steel on the bottom wall of the furnace body out from the unloading port.

2. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace bottom wall is arranged in a circular shape, and the reference point is arranged at the center of the circle of the furnace bottom wall; the distance from the reference point to any point on the edge of the furnace bottom wall is equal.

3. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is an inclination angle between the bottom wall of the furnace body and the horizontal plane, and the range of the inclination angle is set between 5° and 30°.

4. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fixing frame arranged outside the heating furnace, and the side wall of the furnace body is fixed on the fixing frame; A first matching portion is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body side wall, and a second matching portion is arranged at the top of the furnace body bottom wall; the first matching portion matches with the second matching portion, so that the furnace body side wall remains stationary when the furnace body bottom wall rotates.

5. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scrap steel unloader includes a main body and a pushing part arranged on the main body; the main body can be extended into the heating furnace, and the pushing part can be moved relative to the main body, so as to push the scrap steel along the bottom wall of the furnace body into the unloading port.

6. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes scrap steel transportation equipment, which is arranged below the unloading port and is used to receive the scrap steel dropped from the unloading port and transfer the scrap steel.

7. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes steel adding equipment, which is used to place the scrap steel in the steel stacking area onto the bottom wall of the furnace body.

8. The scrap steel preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust removal system, which is arranged above the discharge port and is used to realize dust removal operations.

9. A method for unloading scrap steel, characterized in that: The scrap steel preheating system is applicable to any one of claims 1 to 8 above, The heating furnace is set to have a carrying space, a steel pushing area and a steel adding area; the area directly facing the discharge port in the heating furnace is set as the steel pushing area, and the area adjacent to the steel pushing area is set as the steel adding area; The carrying space is used to carry scrap steel, and the carrying space is rotated in the heating furnace so that at least part of the carrying space overlaps with the steel pushing area. The method includes: Adding scrap steel into the carrying space in the heating furnace to start the preheating operation of the heating furnace; After the preheating operation is completed, the unloading port is opened, the scrap steel unloader is controlled to a pushing state, and the scrap steel in the pushing steel area is unloaded from the unloading port; After the scrap steel is unloaded, the unloading port is closed, the scrap steel unloader is controlled to be in a retracted state, and the bottom wall of the furnace body is rotated until the bearing space originally located in the steel pushing area is rotated to overlap with the steel adding area; The scrap steel is added to the carrying space corresponding to the steel adding area.

10. The scrap steel unloading method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Adding scrap steel into the carrying space in the heating furnace to start the preheating operation of the heating furnace includes: During the start-up of the preheating operation, the bottom wall of the furnace body continuously rotates relative to the central reference line.

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