Highway bridge and culvert pier column construction technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a highway bridge and culvert pier column construction technology, and belongs to the field of highway bridge and culvert pier column construction. Step 2, surveying and setting out; thirdly, foundation construction is conducted, specifically, concrete is poured to complete foundation construction; the machined steel bars are arranged and installed into the steel bar framework according to the design, construction is conducted according to the number of times of segmented construction of the pier column, and the lap joint length is reserved; step 5, mounting a pier column template; sixthly, pier column concrete pouring is carried out, specifically, concrete is fed into the formwork, layered pouring is carried out, and the formwork is dismantled; and step 7, quality inspection and acceptance. According to the construction technology, the steel reinforcement framework formed by the multiple layers of stirrups, the longitudinal steel bars and the spiral steel bars is matched with the formwork building and concrete pouring construction technology, the construction strength and construction efficiency of the highway bridge and culvert pier column are improved, and a new direction is provided for improvement of the highway bridge and culvert pier column construction technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of highway bridge and culvert pier construction, in particular to a highway bridge and culvert pier construction process. Background Art

[0002] Highway bridges and culverts refer to highway bridges and highway culverts. Highway bridges: A structure that spans natural or artificial obstacles (such as rivers, valleys, roads, etc.), mainly composed of superstructure, substructure and ancillary facilities. The superstructure includes the main beam, bridge deck, etc., which directly bears the load of vehicles and people; the substructure includes piers, abutments and foundations, which transfer the load of the superstructure to the foundation; the ancillary facilities include railings, expansion joints, drainage systems, etc., which play a role in ensuring the safety and use function of the bridge. Highway culverts: It is a drainage channel located under the embankment, usually composed of a tunnel body, a tunnel entrance building and a foundation. Its function is to drain the water flow under the embankment to ensure the stability of the embankment and driving safety. Generally, the aperture is small and the shapes are round, square, arched, etc.

[0003] Highway bridge and culvert piers are important supporting components in highway bridge and culvert structures. The traditional construction process is to complete the pier construction by pouring concrete after tying the steel skeleton with longitudinal steel bars and stirrups. Due to the large traffic volume of highway bridges and culverts, higher requirements are placed on the strength of the piers. Therefore, the present invention proposes a highway bridge and culvert pier construction process to improve the strength of the pier, which is of great significance to the construction of highway bridge and culvert piers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highway bridge and culvert pier construction process, which provides a new highway bridge and culvert pier construction method through a steel frame formed by multi-layer stirrups, longitudinal steel bars and spiral steel bars in conjunction with formwork construction and concrete pouring, thereby improving the construction strength and construction efficiency of highway bridge and culvert piers and providing a new direction for improving the highway bridge and culvert pier construction process.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a highway bridge culvert pier construction process, comprising the following steps: Step 1, construction preparation: familiarize yourself with the construction drawings and relevant specifications, conduct a construction drawing review, prepare a construction plan and technical briefing, provide technical training to construction personnel, have engineering and technical personnel review and calculate the construction drawings, and have construction personnel conduct actual investigations of the construction site; Step 2: Surveying and setting out: Use surveying instruments to re-survey control points and locate piers according to design drawings and control points to provide a benchmark for subsequent construction; Step 3: Foundation construction: According to geological conditions and design requirements, choose the pile method, excavate the foundation pit, and pour concrete to complete the foundation construction; Step 4: Arrangement of the steel skeleton inside the pier column: Arrange and install the processed steel bars into a steel skeleton according to the design, and proceed according to the number of section constructions of the pier column, with a reserved overlap length; Step 5: Installation of pier column formwork: Select the formwork according to the shape, size and height of the pier column, assemble the formwork on the ground, check the flatness, verticality and joint quality of the formwork, adjust and repair it, and then hoist the assembled formwork to the position of the steel frame for installation; Step 6: pouring pier column concrete: pouring concrete into the formwork, pouring in layers, and compacting with an inserted vibrator. After pouring, perform concrete curing. After the pier column concrete reaches the designed strength, remove the formwork. Step seven, quality inspection and acceptance: monitor the appearance and internal quality of the piers, and organize and submit relevant construction materials for acceptance.

[0006] Preferably, in step one, raw materials are purchased according to design requirements, incoming materials are inspected and tested, construction machinery and equipment are equipped, debugged and maintained, the construction site is leveled, debris and obstacles are removed, construction access roads and drainage facilities are set up, and temporary production and living facilities are built; the concrete surface of the pedestal within the pier range is cleaned and roughened, and the reserved steel bars of the pedestal are straightened.

[0007] Preferably, in step 2, the control points are re-surveyed using a total station. According to the design drawings and the control points, the center position and contour line of the pier are measured and marked on the ground; the elevation of the bottom of the pier is measured with a level to provide a benchmark for subsequent construction.

[0008] Preferably, in step three, after the foundation pit is excavated to the designed elevation and the base is treated, the steel bars are tied, the formwork is erected, and the concrete is poured. The concrete pouring should be carried out in layers and vibrated to make it dense.

[0009] Preferably, in step four, the steel bars are processed in a steel bar processing plant according to the design drawings and specification requirements, and the processed steel bars should be classified, stacked, and marked; the processed steel bars are transported to the construction site, the steel bars are hoisted into the installation site, and the steel bars are tied and welded according to the design requirements.

[0010] Preferably, in step four, a single pier column reinforcement skeleton includes several groups of reinforcement combinations arranged from the outside to the inside, the reinforcement combination includes stirrups arranged near the outside of the pier column, spiral reinforcements arranged near the inside of the pier column, and several longitudinal reinforcements are arranged between the stirrups and the spiral reinforcements. The stirrups are circular, and there are several stirrups. The several stirrups are arranged in sequence from the bottom to the top of the pier column, the longitudinal reinforcements are arranged in sequence at equal intervals along the inner circle edge of the stirrups, and the spiral reinforcements are spirally arranged from the bottom to the top of the pier column.

[0011] Preferably, in step five, the flatness, verticality and joint quality of the assembled formwork are checked, and the places that do not meet the requirements are adjusted and repaired. The assembled formwork is hoisted as a whole onto the pier column steel frame by a crane, and the position and verticality of the formwork are adjusted to match the measured position, and then the formwork is reinforced.

[0012] Preferably, in step six, concrete mixing and transportation are first performed before concrete construction. Concrete mixing is performed at a mixing station according to the concrete mix ratio, and the mixed concrete is transported to the construction site by a concrete transport vehicle. When pouring concrete, a crane or a concrete pump truck is used to deliver concrete into the formwork. During the concrete pouring process, the formwork, steel bars and embedded parts are observed. If there is any problem, timely measures are taken to deal with it, and the slump and air content of the concrete are tested; After the concrete is poured to the designed elevation, the top surface is plastered; after the concrete pouring is completed, moisturizing materials are used for maintenance, and water is sprinkled regularly to keep the concrete surface moist.

[0013] Preferably, in step seven, appearance inspection: inspecting the surface quality defects of the pier column, and whether the outer dimensions and verticality of the pier column meet the design requirements; Internal quality inspection: ultrasonic testing and core sampling methods are used to test the concrete strength and internal density of the pier column; Data collation and acceptance: Organize various data during the construction process and submit them to the supervision unit and the owner for acceptance. Only after qualified acceptance can the next construction process be carried out.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned highway bridge and culvert pier construction technology, and provides a new highway bridge and culvert pier construction method through a steel frame formed by multi-layer stirrups, longitudinal steel bars, and spiral steel bars in combination with formwork construction and concrete pouring construction technology, thereby improving the construction strength and construction efficiency of highway bridge and culvert piers, and providing a new direction for improving the highway bridge and culvert pier construction technology.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart of a construction process for a highway bridge culvert pier according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A front view of a pier column reinforcement skeleton according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the pier column reinforcement skeleton according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals 1. Longitudinal reinforcement; 2. Stirrups; 3. Spiral reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0020] Like reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] Example like Figure 1 As shown, a highway bridge culvert pier construction process described in the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Construction preparation: familiarize yourself with the construction drawings and related specifications, conduct a review of the construction drawings, prepare construction plans and technical briefings, provide technical training to construction personnel, have engineering and technical personnel review and calculate the construction drawings, and have construction personnel conduct actual investigations of the construction sites.

[0024] Purchase raw materials such as steel bars, cement, sand and gravel, and admixtures according to design requirements, inspect and test incoming materials to ensure quality; equip with construction machinery and equipment such as concrete mixers, concrete transport vehicles, cranes, vibrators, and electric welders, and debug and maintain them to ensure good equipment performance; level the construction site, remove debris and obstacles, set up construction access roads and drainage facilities, and build temporary production and living facilities; clean the concrete surface of the pedestal within the pier range and roughen it, and straighten the reserved steel bars of the pedestal.

[0025] Step 2: Surveying and setting out: Use surveying instruments to re-survey control points, and locate piers according to design drawings and control points to provide a benchmark for subsequent construction.

[0026] Use total stations and other measuring instruments to re-survey control points to ensure their accuracy and reliability; use total stations to accurately measure the center position and outline of the piers and mark them on the ground based on the design drawings and control points; use levels to measure the elevation of the bottom of the piers to provide a benchmark for subsequent construction.

[0027] Step 3, foundation construction: According to geological conditions and design requirements, select the pile method, excavate the foundation pit, and pour concrete to complete the foundation construction.

[0028] Pile foundation construction: If the pier column adopts pile foundation, select the appropriate pile construction method according to the geological conditions and design requirements, such as bored piles, excavated piles, etc. In the process of pile construction, the verticality, hole diameter, hole depth and pile bottom sediment thickness of the pile should be strictly controlled to ensure the quality of the pile.

[0029] After the foundation pit is excavated to the designed elevation, the base is treated to meet the bearing capacity requirements. Then the steel bars are tied, the formwork is supported, and the concrete is poured. The concrete pouring should be carried out in layers and vibrated to make it dense.

[0030] Step 4: Laying out the steel skeleton inside the pier: Lay out and install the processed steel bars into a steel skeleton according to the design, and proceed according to the number of section constructions of the pier, with reserved lap length.

[0031] In the steel bar processing plant, the steel bars are cut, bent, welded and processed according to the design drawings and specifications. The processed steel bars should be classified and stacked and marked. The processed steel bars are transported to the construction site by flatbed trucks or cranes, and the steel bars are hoisted into the installation site by cranes or manual cooperation. The steel bars are tied and welded according to the design requirements to ensure that the spacing, position and protective layer thickness of the steel bars meet the specifications. The steel bars can be connected by tying, welding or mechanical connection.

[0032] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a single pier column reinforcement skeleton includes several groups of reinforcement combinations arranged from the outside to the inside, and the reinforcement combination includes stirrups 2 arranged near the outside of the pier column and spiral reinforcements 3 arranged near the inside of the pier column. Several longitudinal reinforcements 1 are arranged between the stirrups 2 and the spiral reinforcements 3. The stirrups 2 are circular and there are several stirrups 2. Several stirrups 2 are arranged in sequence from the bottom to the top of the pier column, the longitudinal reinforcements 1 are arranged in sequence along the inner circle edge of the stirrups 2 at equal intervals, and the spiral reinforcements 3 are arranged spirally from the bottom to the top of the pier column. The longitudinal reinforcements 1 and the spiral reinforcements 3 are arranged in sections, and are arranged in sections from the bottom to the top of the pier column, and adjacent reinforcements are connected by welding and binding. A single stirrup 2 is arranged horizontally, and several stirrups 2 are arranged from the bottom to the top of the pier column, and are connected to the longitudinal reinforcement 1 by binding and welding. The density of the stirrups 2 at the bottom and top of the pier column is greater than the density of the stirrups 2 in the middle of the pier column, and the pitch of the threaded reinforcements at the bottom and top of the pier column is less than the pitch of the threaded reinforcements in the middle of the pier column, so as to enhance the seismic performance of the pier column. By arranging multiple groups of stirrups 2, longitudinal steel bars 1, and threaded steel bars from outside to inside to form a steel skeleton, combined with high-strength concrete filling, the strength of the pier column can be greatly improved, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the highway bridge and culvert.

[0033] Step 5, installation of pier formwork: select the formwork according to the shape, size and height of the pier, assemble the formwork on the ground, check the flatness, verticality and joint quality of the formwork, adjust and repair it, and then hoist the assembled formwork to the steel frame position for installation.

[0034] Formwork selection: According to the shape, size and height of the pier, choose the appropriate formwork type, such as steel formwork, wooden formwork or plastic formwork, etc. Highway bridge culvert piers use steel formwork to ensure the appearance quality of the pier.

[0035] After assembling the formwork, check the flatness, verticality and joint quality, adjust and repair the parts that do not meet the requirements, use a crane to hoist the assembled formwork as a whole onto the pier column steel bar skeleton, adjust the position and verticality of the formwork to make it consistent with the measured position; use tie rods and supports to reinforce the formwork to ensure that the formwork does not deform or move during the concrete pouring process. The formwork reinforcement should be firm and reliable, and at the same time, it should be easy to remove the formwork.

[0036] Sponge strips are sandwiched inside the template joints to seal them, and the verticality of the template is controlled with a theodolite. After adjustment, it is fixed with a tensioner.

[0037] Step six, pouring of pier column concrete: concrete is delivered into the formwork and poured in layers. An inserted vibrator is used to compact the concrete. After pouring, concrete curing is performed. After the pier column concrete reaches the designed strength, the formwork is removed.

[0038] Concrete mixing and transportation: According to the concrete mix ratio, concrete is mixed at the mixing station and the mixed concrete is transported to the construction site by concrete transport trucks.

[0039] Use a crane or concrete pump truck to deliver concrete into the formwork, and use an inserted vibrator to vibrate and compact it. When vibrating, avoid the vibrator rod touching the steel bars and formwork to prevent the steel bars from shifting and the formwork from deforming. The temperature of the concrete entering the mold should be controlled below 30°C, the difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete should not be greater than 25°C, and the difference between the surface temperature of the concrete and the atmospheric temperature should not be greater than 25°C. When feeding, avoid concrete impacting the steel bars and formwork, and it is strictly forbidden to feed too much at one time. Concrete pouring should be carried out continuously, and the concrete should be vibrated immediately after entering the warehouse, and accumulation is not allowed. Concrete pouring is carried out in layers, and the thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm. A dedicated person is responsible for vibration to ensure that the vibration is dense and there is no leakage.

[0040] Concrete pouring process control: During the concrete pouring process, a dedicated person should be assigned to observe the formwork, steel bars and embedded parts. If there is any deformation or displacement, timely measures should be taken to deal with it. At the same time, the slump, air content and other indicators of the concrete should be tested to ensure the quality of the concrete.

[0041] Concrete top surface treatment: After the concrete is poured to the designed elevation, the top surface is treated with plastering to make it flat and smooth. When plastering, the surface flatness and slope of the concrete must be controlled to meet the design requirements.

[0042] Concrete curing: After the concrete is poured, it should be cured in time. The curing method can be to cover it with moisturizing materials such as geotextiles and plastic films, and sprinkle water regularly to keep the concrete surface moist. The curing time is generally not less than 7 days. For large-volume concrete or important structural piers, the curing time should be appropriately extended.

[0043] Formwork removal: When the concrete strength reaches a certain proportion of the design strength (about 75%), the formwork can be removed. Be careful when removing the formwork to avoid damaging the concrete surface and edges. The removed formwork should be cleaned, repaired and maintained in time for the next use.

[0044] Step seven, quality inspection and acceptance: monitor the appearance and internal quality of the piers, and organize and submit relevant construction materials for acceptance.

[0045] Appearance inspection: Check whether the surface of the pier is flat and smooth, whether there are quality defects such as honeycombs, pitting, cracks, etc., and whether the outer dimensions and verticality of the pier meet the design requirements; Internal quality inspection: ultrasonic testing, core sampling and other methods are used to inspect the concrete strength and internal density of the pier to ensure that the internal quality of the pier meets the design and specification requirements; Data collation and acceptance: collate all the data in the construction process, including raw material inspection report, concrete mix design report, construction record, test report, etc., and submit them to the supervision unit and the owner for acceptance. Only after the acceptance is qualified can the next process be carried out.

[0046] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned highway bridge culvert pier construction process, and provides a new highway bridge culvert pier construction method through the construction process of a steel frame formed by multi-layer stirrups 2, longitudinal steel bars 1, and spiral steel bars 3 in conjunction with formwork construction and concrete pouring, thereby improving the construction strength and construction efficiency of highway bridge culvert piers and providing a new direction for the improvement of highway bridge culvert pier construction technology.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highway bridge and culvert pier construction process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, construction preparation: familiarize yourself with the construction drawings and relevant specifications, conduct a construction drawing review, prepare a construction plan and technical briefing, provide technical training to construction personnel, have engineering and technical personnel review and calculate the construction drawings, and have construction personnel conduct actual investigations of the construction site; Step 2: Surveying and setting out: Use surveying instruments to re-survey control points and locate piers according to design drawings and control points to provide a benchmark for subsequent construction; Step 3: Foundation construction: According to geological conditions and design requirements, choose the pile method, excavate the foundation pit, and pour concrete to complete the foundation construction; Step 4: Arrangement of the steel skeleton inside the pier column: Arrange and install the processed steel bars into a steel skeleton according to the design, and proceed according to the number of section constructions of the pier column, with a reserved overlap length; Step 5: Installation of pier column formwork: Select the formwork according to the shape, size and height of the pier column, assemble the formwork on the ground, check the flatness, verticality and joint quality of the formwork, adjust and repair it, and then hoist the assembled formwork to the position of the steel frame for installation; Step 6: pouring pier column concrete: pouring concrete into the formwork, pouring in layers, and compacting with an inserted vibrator. After pouring, perform concrete curing. After the pier column concrete reaches the designed strength, remove the formwork. Step seven, quality inspection and acceptance: monitor the appearance and internal quality of the piers, and organize and submit relevant construction materials for acceptance.

2. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step one, raw materials are purchased according to design requirements, incoming materials are inspected and tested, construction machinery and equipment are equipped, and commissioning and maintenance are carried out. The construction site is leveled, debris and obstacles are removed, construction access roads and drainage facilities are set up, and temporary production and living facilities are built; the concrete surface of the pedestal within the pier range is cleaned and roughened, and the reserved steel bars of the pedestal are straightened.

3. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step two, use a total station to re-survey the control points. According to the design drawings and control points, the center position and contour line of the pier are measured and marked on the ground. The elevation of the bottom of the pier is measured with a level to provide a benchmark for subsequent construction.

4. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step three, after the foundation pit is excavated to the designed elevation and the base is treated, the steel bars are tied, the formwork is erected, and the concrete is poured. The concrete pouring should be carried out in layers and vibrated to make it dense.

5. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step four, the steel bars are processed in the steel bar processing yard according to the design drawings and specifications. The processed steel bars should be classified, stacked and marked. The processed steel bars are transported to the construction site, hoisted into the installation site, and tied and welded according to the design requirements.

6. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Step 4: A single pier column reinforcement skeleton includes several groups of reinforcement combinations arranged from the outside to the inside. The reinforcement combinations include stirrups arranged near the outside of the pier column and spiral reinforcements arranged near the inside of the pier column. Several longitudinal reinforcements are arranged between the stirrups and the spiral reinforcements. The stirrups are circular and there are several stirrups. The stirrups are arranged in sequence from the bottom to the top of the pier column. The longitudinal reinforcements are arranged in sequence at equal intervals along the inner circle edge of the stirrups. The spiral reinforcements are spirally arranged from the bottom to the top of the pier column.

7. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step five, the flatness, verticality and joint quality of the assembled formwork are checked, and adjustments and repairs are made to the places that do not meet the requirements. The assembled formwork is hoisted as a whole onto the pier column steel frame by a crane, and the position and verticality of the formwork are adjusted to match the measured and laid-out position, and the formwork is then reinforced.

8. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step six, concrete mixing and transportation are carried out before concrete construction. According to the concrete mix ratio, concrete is mixed at the mixing station, and the mixed concrete is transported to the construction site by a concrete transport truck. When pouring concrete, a crane or a concrete pump truck is used to deliver concrete into the formwork. During the concrete pouring process, the formwork, steel bars and embedded parts are observed. If there is any problem, timely measures are taken to deal with it, and the slump and air content of the concrete are tested. After the concrete is poured to the designed elevation, the top surface is plastered; after the concrete pouring is completed, moisturizing materials are used for maintenance, and water is sprinkled regularly to keep the concrete surface moist.

9. The highway bridge and culvert pier construction process according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step 7, appearance inspection: check the surface quality defects of the pier column, and whether the outer dimensions and verticality of the pier column meet the design requirements; Internal quality inspection: ultrasonic testing and core sampling methods are used to test the concrete strength and internal density of the pier column; Data collation and acceptance: Organize various data during the construction process and submit them to the supervision unit and the owner for acceptance. Only after qualified acceptance can the next construction process be carried out.

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