Method for filling goaf into pre-constructed roadway based on liquid injection pressurizing bag

Abstract

According to the goaf filling pre-constructed roadway method based on the liquid injection pressurization bag, the liquid injection pressurization bag body with a certain volume and weight is installed in the goaf filling pre-constructed roadway method to occupy filling slurry and increase the weight of a device, the device is prevented from floating under the buoyancy action of the filling slurry in the filling process of a goaf 12, and a protection net is formed by an arch frame, longitudinal steel bars and a flexible net outside the device. The device has seven specific steps and conditions, and has the advantages that the construction efficiency of the goaf filling reserved roadway project can be improved by 40-100%, the cost can be reduced by more than 40%, the operation safety can be guaranteed, and the like. The net rack device is particularly suitable for being applied to a pre-constructed roadway project through the net rack device which is provided with the liquid injection pressurizing bag in advance under the goaf filling condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal and non-metal underground mines, and in particular to a method for prefabricating tunnels by filling empty areas with liquid injection and pressurization bags, which is suitable for prefabricating tunnel engineering applications using a grid device pre-arranged with liquid injection and pressurization bags under empty area filling conditions. Background Art

[0002] In mines that adopt the open-pit and subsequent filling method or the open-pit method, when it is necessary to pass through the empty area to mine the adjacent ore body or mining area, it is often necessary to fill the empty area, and then construct a tunnel project in the filling body to reach the ore body or mining area to be mined. Alternatively, air bags or plastic foam materials are pre-set in the empty area, and these materials are removed after the empty area is filled to form a tunnel project. However, due to the high height of the goaf, its roof or two sides are prone to the risk of rock falling, and this type of material has poor impact resistance. At the same time, because this type of material is light, when the filling slurry is poured into the empty area, the filling slurry has a large buoyancy, and this type of lightweight material will immediately float, resulting in the failure of tunnel construction during the empty area filling process.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the industry has successively proposed technical solutions: CN 112943250 B discloses a "method for reserving tunnels in the filling area", which uses a mold bag space placeholder composed of a solid placeholder module and a hollow core capsule. The mold bag is made of geotextile, with a steel skeleton and a steel mesh inside and supporting anchor rods outside. During construction, the goaf is divided into a filling space and a reserved space. A mold bag space placeholder is constructed in the reserved space, a filling retaining wall is constructed, and the filling slurry is poured. After maintenance, the retaining wall and the mold bag space placeholder are removed to form a tunnel, which can reduce the amount of retaining wall closure engineering, realize the reuse of underground engineering and space, reduce the filling cost, and reduce the amount of excavation engineering and mining costs; CN 113062766A discloses a "method for reserving space in a tunnel", which uses a solid place-occupying module and a hollow core capsule made of a lightweight foam block or a foamed block, a protective mold bag, and a hollow core capsule filled with a place-occupying body. During construction, the tunnel is divided into a filling space and a reserved space, and a mold bag space place-occupying body is constructed in the reserved space, a filling retaining wall is constructed, and the filling slurry is poured. After curing, the retaining wall and the mold bag space place-occupying body are removed, which can reduce the amount of retaining wall closure engineering, realize the reuse of underground space, reduce the filling cost, and reduce the amount of excavation engineering and mining cost; CN 214787400 U disclosed "a reserved structure for mine tunnels using cemented filling mining method", which uses a steel template fake tunnel, and the tunnel is connected by cylindrical prefabricated parts. The prefabricated parts include arc-shaped templates, which are connected by bolts. During construction, a cushion layer is laid in the tunnel, the tunnel is placed, and horizontal and vertical braces are set. After filling, a reserved tunnel is formed, which can handle unsafe tunnels, retain the functions of the original tunnels, avoid re-digging tunnels, and save investment; CN 115013049 B disclosed "a reserved tunnel device for filling goaf and its construction process", which uses an inflatable air cushion, which is composed of an outer layer of air cushion fiber cloth and an inner layer of air cushion fiber cloth, and is divided into multiple inflatable chambers. During construction, the inflatable air cushion is installed, inflated to form a space placeholder, and a filling retaining wall is constructed, and the filling slurry is poured. After maintenance, the retaining wall and the air cushion are removed, which can reduce the amount of retaining wall closure engineering, realize the reuse of underground engineering and space, reduce the filling cost, and reduce the amount of digging engineering and mining costs; CN 219841235U discloses a "non-metallic corrugated pipe connection reinforcement structure for underground reserved tunnels". It uses non-metallic corrugated pipes, connected by joint tape, with large-diameter corrugated pipes sleeved on the outside, and a grouting layer is filled. During construction, a small-diameter corrugated pipe is connected, and a large-diameter corrugated pipe is sleeved. Grouting forms a grouting layer, which is used to reinforce the connection of the corrugated pipe, can solve the problem of easy damage and leakage of grout at the connection of the corrugated pipe, and improve the strength of the connection of the corrugated pipe;CN 208347787 U discloses a "tunnel reservation device" and CN 108612544B discloses a "tunnel reservation device and a method for reserving a tunnel". Both patents use a straight cylindrical tyre and a tyre body assembly. The tyre is made of a flexible and impermeable material and has a hollow interlayer inside, which can be injected with liquid or gas. During construction, both patents transport the tyre to the construction site, place the tyre body assembly, apply a release agent, tie and fix the rope, inject liquid or gas, fill with mortar, and remove the tyre and tyre body assembly after maintenance. Both patents can replace the traditional method of reserving tunnels in empty areas, reduce labor intensity, improve construction efficiency, and reduce construction costs. 112505299A discloses a "new type of multi-size similar material simulation test tunnel reservation device", which uses a horizontal bottom plate, a left arc plate, a right arc plate, a semi-cylindrical top plate and an umbrella-shaped support rod, and is composed of steel and threaded components. It is used for indoor simulation tests during construction. By assembling the bottom plate, arc plate and top plate, a tunnel model is formed. It can only be used for indoor simulation tests to study mechanical phenomena in mining and provide test data; CN 216617577 U disclosed "a reserved tunnel device for underground cementing filling", which adopts a wire cage, a sand and gravel layer and a permeable layer. The steel cage is filled with a sand and gravel layer, and the permeable layer is located between the sand and gravel layer and the inner wall of the wire cage; and "a method for filling empty areas and prefabricated tunnels based on liquid injection and pressurization bags", which uses a steel frame, a flexible net and a filter cloth. During construction, two tunnel retaining walls are set in the chamber. The retaining wall is composed of a plurality of detachably connected retaining wall monomers. After the filling operation, a reserved tunnel is formed, which can solve the stability problem of the reserved tunnel during underground cementing filling, prevent leakage of filling slurry, and ensure the roof bonding rate and filling body stability. Comparing and analyzing the structures and materials, construction processes, functions and purposes of these patents, we can find that: first, some patents have similarities in the construction of reserved tunnels, but there are problems with materials and structures; second, there are problems with the construction process; third, there are differences in their functions and purposes. Although most patents are aimed at solving the problem of reserved mine tunnels, they can improve the problems of lightweight materials being easy to float and having poor impact resistance while reducing construction costs and improving construction efficiency. ;

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a method for prefabricated tunnels by filling voids based on liquid-injected pressurized capsules. Summary of the invention

[0005] The task of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for prefabricating tunnels by filling empty areas based on liquid injection and pressurization bags, which can not only improve the construction efficiency of empty area filling and reserved tunnel engineering, but also reduce costs and ensure operation safety.

[0006] The task of the present invention is accomplished by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The method for prefabricating tunnels for filling voids based on liquid injection and pressurization capsules is aimed at the high cost of reverse tunneling in existing filling bodies, low construction efficiency, poor safety conditions, and the buoyancy of filling slurry due to the presence of water and the impact damage of falling rocks in the process of reserving tunnels in conventional voids, especially when the pre-buried structure or device is mostly made of lightweight materials, it is very easy to float and cause the failure of the reserved tunnel. A liquid injection and pressurization capsule with a certain volume and weight is installed inside to occupy the filling slurry and increase the weight of the device to prevent the device from floating due to the buoyancy of the filling slurry during the filling of the void 12. The outside of the device uses an arch frame 2, a longitudinal steel bar 3, and a flexible net 4 to form a protective net to protect the liquid injection and pressurization capsule inside the device to prevent it from being damaged by falling rocks in the void 12. The specific steps and conditions are as follows:

[0008] A. Production of the shipping base. Before the production of the liquid injection and pressurization bag steel grid device, the shipping base must be produced first. The base is composed of 2 longitudinal steel plates as the bottom frame, and the upper 3 transverse steel plates are welded;

[0009] B. Grid fabrication: The liquid-injection pressurized capsule steel grid device is welded and fabricated directly on the shipping base. First, multiple tunnel-shaped frames are made with arch frames 2, and then welded to the base. The frames are welded with longitudinal steel bars 3 to form a steel frame structure in the shape of a tunnel. Then, the steel frame structure is wrapped with a flexible net 4 except for the bottom. Finally, an empty mining rubber capsule 1 is arranged inside the frame along the axial direction of the device and pressurized liquid 5 is injected.

[0010] C. Leveling the bottom of the empty area, using a remote-controlled scraper 10 to clean up the residual ore, waste rock, etc. at the bottom of the empty area 12 waiting to be filled, and leveling the area;

[0011] D. Shipping and layout: the frame is manufactured one section at a time and shipped one section at a time. The frames are welded with steel plates 7. A remote-controlled scraper 10 is used for shipping to enter the tail end of the empty area 12. The grid is shipped with a traction wire rope 9 to complete the layout in the empty area.

[0012] E. Liquid injection and pressurization. When the frame is transported to the predetermined position in the empty area, the pressurized liquid 5 is injected into the mining rubber bladder 1 through the main liquid / liquid discharge pipe 6 in the tunnel 11 outside the empty area until the internal pressure of the liquid injection and pressurization bladder reaches 0.1MPa. The liquid injection valve is closed and the liquid injection is stopped. The liquid injection and pressurization of the mining liquid injection and pressurization bladder in each section of the frame are completed. The same operation is performed for the mining liquid injection and pressurization bladders in the remaining sections of the frame.

[0013] F. Filling of the empty area: construct a filling retaining wall near the tunnel entrance connected to the empty area, and fill the empty area with filling slurry / filling body. Since the injection of liquid into the capsule increases the weight of the device, the empty area needs to be filled in 2 to 3 times, and the filling height of each time is controlled at 2 to 3 meters. The filling slurry can completely cover the device, and large-scale filling can be carried out after the fifth time;

[0014] G. Remove the filling retaining wall and drain the liquid. When the filling slurry / filling body in the empty area is cured for about 28 days or reaches a certain strength, remove the filling retaining wall, expose the injection booster bag, open the injection / discharge pipe, and drain the liquid in the bag into the tunnel ditch until all the liquid is drained. After the tunnel is formed and the bag is recovered, a tunnel project supported by a steel frame + flexible net is obtained.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages or effects:

[0016] Because the liquid injection booster bag and the steel mesh are combined, the device can be prevented from floating due to the buoyancy of the filling material slurry during the void filling process; at the same time, because the liquid injection booster bag device is pre-installed and erected during the void filling process and the tunnel engineering is reserved during the consolidation process of the void filling body, the device can be prevented from floating due to the buoyancy of the filling material slurry during the void filling process, the buoyancy of the filling material slurry and the hydraulic pressure can be alleviated, and the stability of the structure during the void filling process can be guaranteed; in addition, because a remote-controlled shovel loader is used for transportation, personnel do not need to enter the void, so the safety of the operation can be guaranteed.

[0017] In summary, the present invention pre-installs and sets up a liquid injection and pressurization bag device during the void filling process, completes the reservation of the tunnel project during the consolidation process of the void filling body, and installs a liquid injection and pressurization bag body of a certain weight inside the device to increase the weight of the device, thereby preventing the device from floating due to the buoyancy of the filling slurry during the void filling process, alleviating the buoyancy and hydraulic effects of the filling slurry, and ensuring the stability of the structure during the void filling process. A protective net is formed by an arch frame, steel bars, and a flexible net to prevent the device from being damaged by rocks falling from the void, thereby protecting the safety and reliability of the pressurization bag. A remote-controlled shovel loader is used for transportation, so that personnel do not need to enter the void and the safety of the operation is guaranteed. The construction efficiency of the reserved tunnel project for void filling can be improved by 40% to 100%, and the cost can be reduced by more than 40% and the safety of the operation can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid-injection pressurized bag steel grid device according to a method for prefabricated tunnels filled with empty areas based on liquid-injection pressurized bags proposed by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the transportation of the steel mesh device for filling liquid-injected booster bags in empty areas of the prefabricated tunnel filling method based on liquid-injected booster bags.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic side view of the transportation of a steel mesh device for filling empty areas with liquid-injected pressurized bags in a method for prefabricated tunnels based on filling empty areas with liquid-injected pressurized bags.

[0021] The symbols in the accompanying drawings represent:

[0022] 1. Mine injection booster bag 2. Arch frame 3. Longitudinal steel bar 4. Flexible net 5. Boosting liquid 6. Injection / discharge pipe 7. Steel plate 8. Universal wheel 9. Wire rope 10. Control scraper 11. Tunnel 12. Empty area 13. Ore body

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] As attached Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the method for prefabricating tunnels by filling empty areas based on liquid injection and pressurization capsules is aimed at the problems of high cost, low construction efficiency, poor safety conditions of tunnels reversed in existing filling bodies, buoyancy of filling slurry due to the presence of water and impact damage of falling rocks in the process of reserving tunnels in conventional empty areas, especially when the pre-buried structure or device is mostly made of lightweight materials, it is very easy to float and cause the failure of reserved tunnels. It is characterized in that a liquid injection and pressurization capsule of a certain volume and weight is installed inside to occupy the filling slurry and increase the weight of the device to prevent the device from floating due to the buoyancy of the filling slurry during the filling of the empty area 12. The outside of the device adopts an arch frame 2, a longitudinal steel bar 3, and a flexible net 4 to form a protective net to protect the liquid injection and pressurization capsule inside the device to prevent it from being damaged by falling rocks in the empty area 12. The specific steps and conditions are as follows:

[0025] A. Production of the shipping base. Before the production of the liquid injection and pressurization bag steel grid device, the shipping base must be produced first. The base is composed of two longitudinal steel plates as the bottom frame, and the upper three transverse steel plates 7 are welded;

[0026] B. Grid fabrication: The liquid-injection pressurized capsule steel grid device is welded and fabricated directly on the shipping base. First, multiple tunnel-shaped frames are made with arch frames 2, and then welded to the base. The frames are welded with longitudinal steel bars 3 to form a steel frame structure in the shape of a tunnel. Then, the steel frame structure is wrapped with a flexible net 4 except for the bottom. Finally, an empty mining rubber capsule 1 is arranged inside the frame along the axial direction of the device and pressurized liquid 5 is injected.

[0027] C. Leveling the bottom of the empty area, using a remote-controlled scraper 10 to clean up the residual ore, waste rock, etc. at the bottom of the empty area 12 waiting to be filled, and leveling the area;

[0028] D. Shipping and layout: the frame is manufactured one section at a time and shipped one section at a time. The frames are welded with steel plates 7. A remote-controlled scraper 10 is used for shipping to enter the tail end of the empty area 12. The grid is shipped with a traction wire rope 9 to complete the layout in the empty area.

[0029] E. Liquid injection and pressurization. When the frame is transported to the predetermined position of the empty area, the pressurized liquid 5 is injected into the mining rubber bladder 1 through the main liquid / drain pipe 6 in the tunnel 11 outside the empty area until the internal pressure of the liquid injection and pressurization bladder reaches 0.1MPa. The liquid injection valve is closed and the liquid injection is stopped. The liquid injection and pressurization of the mining liquid injection and pressurization bladder 1 in each section of the frame are completed. The same operation is performed for the mining liquid injection and pressurization bladders 1 in the remaining sections of the frame;

[0030] F. Filling of the empty area: construct a filling retaining wall near the tunnel entrance connected to the empty area 12, and fill the empty area 12 with filling slurry / filling body 14. Since the injection of liquid into the capsule increases the weight of the device, the filling of the empty area 12 needs to be divided into 2 to 3 times, and the filling height of each time is controlled at 2 to 3 meters. The filling slurry can completely cover the device, and then large-scale filling can be carried out for the fifth time;

[0031] G. Remove the filling retaining wall and drain the liquid. When the filling slurry / filling body 14 in the empty area 12 is cured for about 28 days or reaches a certain strength, remove the filling retaining wall, expose the injection booster bag, open the injection / discharge pipe 6, and drain the liquid in the bag into the tunnel ditch until all the liquid is drained. After the tunnel is formed and the bag is recovered, a tunnel project supported by a steel frame + flexible net is obtained.

[0032] The system of the present invention may further be:

[0033] In step A, the longitudinal steel plate spacing of the shipping base is 3.8m, and the transverse steel plate spacing is 1m.

[0034] In step A, a universal wheel 8 is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal steel plate.

[0035] The frame length of the lane shape in step B is 3-5 m: 3.8 m: 3.8 m.

[0036] In step B, the distance between the frames is 1m.

[0037] The flexible net 4 in step B has a length:width of 10-12m:3-5m, a wire diameter of 4mm, and a mesh size of 80mm.

[0038] As described above, the present invention can be better implemented. The above embodiments are only the best implementation methods of the present invention, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments. Other changes, modifications, replacements, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method of prefabricating tunnels by filling empty areas based on liquid injection and pressurization capsules is designed to solve the problems of high cost, low construction efficiency, poor safety conditions, and buoyancy of filling slurry due to the presence of water and impact damage of falling rocks in the process of reserving tunnels in conventional empty areas. In particular, when the pre-buried structures or devices are mostly made of lightweight materials, they are prone to floating and cause failure of the reserved tunnels. The method is characterized by: A liquid injection and pressurization bag of a certain volume and weight is installed inside to occupy the filling slurry and increase the weight of the device, so as to prevent the device from floating due to the buoyancy of the filling slurry during the filling process of the empty space (12). The outside of the device is formed into a protective net using an arch frame (2), longitudinal steel bars (3), and a flexible net (4) to protect the liquid injection and pressurization bag inside the device and prevent it from being damaged by rocks falling from the empty space 12. The specific steps and conditions are as follows: A. Production of the shipping base. Before the production of the liquid injection and pressurization bag steel grid device, the shipping base must be produced first. The base is composed of two longitudinal steel plates (7) as the bottom frame, and three transverse steel plates (7) are welded on the upper part; B. Grid fabrication: The liquid-injection pressurized capsule steel grid device is directly welded and fabricated on the shipping base. First, multiple tunnel-shaped frames are fabricated using an arch frame 2, and then welded to the base. The frames are welded with longitudinal steel bars (3) to form a steel frame structure in the shape of a tunnel. Then, the steel frame structure is wrapped with a flexible net (4) except for the bottom. Finally, an empty mining rubber capsule (1) is arranged inside the frame along the axial direction of the device and pressurized liquid (5) is injected. C. Leveling the bottom of the empty area, using a remote-controlled scraper (10) to clean up the residual ore, waste rock, etc. at the bottom of the empty area (12) waiting to be filled, and leveling the area; D. Transportation and arrangement: the frame is manufactured and transported one section at a time, and the frames are welded with steel plates (7). A remote-controlled scraper (10) is used to transport the frame into the tail end of the empty area (12), and a traction wire rope (9) is used to transport the frame to complete the arrangement in the empty area; E. Liquid injection and pressurization. When the frame is transported to the predetermined position in the empty area, the pressurized liquid (5) is injected into the mining rubber bladder (1) through the main liquid / liquid discharge pipe (6) in the tunnel (11) outside the empty area until the internal pressure of the liquid injection and pressurization bladder reaches 0.1MPa. The liquid injection valve is closed and the liquid injection is stopped. The liquid injection and pressurization of the mining liquid injection and pressurization bladder (1) in each section of the frame are completed. The same operation is performed for the mining liquid injection and pressurization bladders (1) in the remaining sections of the frame. F. Filling of the empty area: a filling retaining wall is constructed near the tunnel opening connected to the empty area (12), and the empty area (12) is filled with filling slurry / filling body (14). Since the liquid injected into the capsule increases the weight of the device, the empty area (12) needs to be filled in 2 to 3 times, and the filling height of each time is controlled at 2 to 3 meters. The filling slurry can completely cover the device, and then large-scale filling can be carried out for the fifth time; G. Remove the filling retaining wall and drain the liquid. When the filling slurry / filling body (14) in the empty area (12) is cured for about 28 days or reaches a certain strength, remove the filling retaining wall, expose the injection booster bag, open the injection / discharge pipe (6), and drain the liquid in the bag into the tunnel ditch until all the liquid is drained. After the tunnel is formed and the bag is recovered, a tunnel project supported by a steel frame + flexible net is obtained.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that In step A, the spacing between the longitudinal steel plates (7) of the shipping base is 3.8m, and the spacing between the transverse steel plates (7) is 1m.

3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that In step A, a universal wheel (8) is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal steel plate (7).

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The frame length of the lane shape in step B is 3-5 m: 3.8 m: 3.8 m.

5. The system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that In step B, the distance between the frames is 1m.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The flexible net (4) of step B has a length:width of 10-12m:3-5m, a wire diameter of 4mm, and a mesh size of 80mm.

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