Rock structure model and method for laying rock structure model

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock structure model and a rock structure model laying method, the rock structure model comprises a sand box, the sand box is provided with an accommodating space, and the accommodating space at least comprises a first area and a second area; the first rock simulation part is arranged in the first area; the second rock simulation component is arranged in the second area and is in contact with the first rock simulation component; wherein the first rock simulation part comprises quartz sand, and the second rock simulation part comprises quartz sand and silica powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rock structure models, in particular to a rock structure model and a method for laying the rock structure model. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the relevant technology, it is a common experimental study to study the large-scale geological structure deformation under laboratory conditions by constructing a small-scale physical model. This experimental study has wide applicability. Usually, the physical model test will select a rigid body as the material for simulating a strong block, but because the deformation of the selected material under experimental conditions is not obvious enough, the deformation process of the strong rock is poorly reproduced.

[0003] Therefore, it is particularly important to construct a physical model that can simulate the deformation process of rocks with higher strength. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a rock structure model and a method for laying the rock structure model.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a rock structure model is provided.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for laying a rock structure model is provided.

[0008] In some embodiments, a first aspect of the present invention provides a rock structure model, comprising a sand box, the sand box having a containing space, the containing space comprising at least a first area and a second area; a first rock simulation component, the first rock simulation component is arranged in the first area; a second rock simulation component, the second rock simulation component is arranged in the second area and in contact with the first rock simulation component; wherein the first rock simulation component comprises quartz sand, and the second rock simulation component comprises quartz sand and silicon micropowder.

[0009] The present application provides a rock structure model, which includes a sand box, the sand box has a containing space, and the containing space can be divided into multiple areas, wherein the containing space includes at least a first area and a second area; wherein a first rock simulation component is arranged in the first area, and a second rock simulation component is arranged in the second area and in contact with the first rock simulation component; the first rock simulation component includes quartz sand, and the second rock simulation component includes quartz sand and silicon powder, and the deformation process of brittle rock with greater strength is reproduced by arranging the first rock simulation component in the first area of ​​the sand box and the second rock simulation component in the second area of ​​the sand box, and the construction of brittle rock models with different strengths is realized in the same model through the cooperation of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component, thereby laying a foundation for carrying out physical simulation experiments of brittle rock structural deformation with different strengths under the background of compression structure, reproducing the deformation process of rock with greater strength, improving the rigor of the physical model and the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment, and thus improving the rigor of the physical simulation experiment of brittle rock structural deformation with different strengths.

[0010] Specifically, the sand box of the rock structure model divides the model into a first area and a second area according to the geological conditions of the target area, and then sets the first rock simulation component in the first area, and then sets the second rock simulation component in the second area.

[0011] Furthermore, in physical experiments, when rocks undergo brittle deformation, their stress-strain curves are consistent with the theoretical Coulomb material fracture curve. Therefore, the material of the rock structure model selected to observe the brittle deformation of rocks also needs to follow the Coulomb-Moore fracture criterion, wherein the Coulomb fracture criterion is mainly related to the internal friction coefficient and cohesion of the material, wherein the larger the internal friction coefficient, the smaller the cohesion, and the more likely the material is to undergo brittle deformation. Therefore, the present application selects quartz sand as the material for observing brittle deformation in the rock structure model. Quartz sand has an internal friction coefficient of 0.6 to 0.8 and negligible cohesion. The first rock simulation component of the present application selects the brittle rock layer material of the quartz sand structure model, which makes it easier to observe the brittle deformation of the rock after constructing the rock structure model more intuitively, thereby improving the reliability of the physical model and reducing the cost of constructing the rock structure model.

[0012] Further, in order to observe the plastic rheology of rock, it is necessary to select a material with an internal friction coefficient similar to that of quartz sand, but a cohesive force far exceeding that of quartz sand, and the internal friction coefficient of silicon micropowder is relatively consistent with that of quartz sand, and the internal friction coefficient of silicon micropowder is 0.7 to 0.8, but the cohesive force of silicon micropowder can reach 300Pa to 400Pa at low compaction strength, far exceeding the cohesive force of quartz sand, and the cohesive force of silicon micropowder can be significantly increased with the strengthening of compaction. Therefore, the second rock simulation component of the present application selects a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder to construct a rock structure model to reproduce the plastic rheology of the rock structure model or the deformation process of the rock with greater strength. By selecting a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder as the second rock simulation component, so that the rock structure model can reproduce the deformation process of the rock with greater strength, the problem that the deformation process of the rock with greater strength is difficult to observe is avoided, and the accuracy of the model simulation is improved.

[0013] In addition, the rock structure model in the above technical solution provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0014] In some technical solutions of the present invention, optionally, the sand box also includes: a bottom plate; a side wall baffle, wherein the number of the side wall baffles is multiple, and the multiple side wall baffles are respectively connected to the bottom plate and arranged on both sides of the bottom plate; a movable component, which is connected to the bottom plate and is located between the multiple side wall baffles, and the movable component can slide along the bottom plate; a fixed baffle, which is arranged on the opposite side of the movable push plate, connected to the bottom plate, and is located between the multiple side wall baffles.

[0015] In the technical solution, the sand box also includes a bottom plate, and the lower part of a rectangular structure surrounded by a movable component, a fixed baffle, and a plurality of side wall baffles. There are multiple side wall baffles, which are respectively connected to the bottom plate and arranged on both sides of the bottom plate. The movable component is connected to the bottom plate and is located between the multiple side wall baffles. The movable component cooperates with the side wall baffles and the fixed bottom plate. The movable component can slide along the bottom plate and can apply pressure to the physical model in the sand box by sliding on the bottom plate. The fixed baffle is arranged on the opposite side of the movable push plate, connected to the bottom plate, and located between the multiple side wall baffles.

[0016] Specifically, the side wall baffle is a transparent glass plate, which is convenient for observing the changes of the rock structure model during the physical simulation experiment, thereby improving the convenience of observation during the physical simulation experiment.

[0017] In some technical solutions of the present invention, optionally, the movable component also includes a movable push plate; a driving device, the driving device is arranged on the outer side of the movable push plate, and the driving device is used to push the movable push plate.

[0018] In this technical solution, the movable assembly also includes a movable push plate, which can cooperate with the fixed bottom plate to slide along the side wall baffle and the fixed bottom plate, which is more conducive to applying pressure to the physical model in the sand box, thereby simulating the brittle deformation and plastic rheology of the physical model. The driving device is arranged on the outside of the movable push plate, and the driving device is used to push the movable push plate. By pushing the movable push plate to slide along the side wall baffle by the driving device, pressure can be applied to the rock structure model in the sand box more accurately, reducing manpower consumption and improving the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0019] In some technical solutions of the present invention, optionally, the sand box further includes colored sand, and the colored sand is arranged in the containing space and located between the first area and the second area.

[0020] In this technical solution, colored sand is arranged in the accommodating space between the first area and the second area. After the first rock simulation component fills the first area and the second rock simulation component fills the second area, whenever stratification or distinction between the first area and the second area is required, colored sand is sprinkled as a stratification mark, and then the next single layer is laid until the model is laid.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for laying a rock structure model is provided, comprising obtaining a first rock simulation component and a second rock simulation component according to geological conditions of a target area; dividing a containing space in a sand box into a first area and a second area by a mold; filling the first area with the first rock simulation component; filling the second area with the second rock simulation component; removing the mold from the sand box; and filling colored sand between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component.

[0022] In the technical scheme, the method for laying the rock structure model includes: based on the principle of similarity, constructing a scaled rock structure model according to the geological conditions of the target area, dividing the rock structure model into a first area and a second area according to the geological conditions of the target area, and using a mold to divide the first area and the second area. In other words, the mold is used to separate the accommodation space in the sand box into a first area and a second area, and the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component are obtained according to the geological conditions of the target area, and the first rock simulation component is filled in the first area, and the second rock simulation component is filled in the second area. After the rock structure model is laid, the mold is removed from the sand box, and colored sand is filled between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component as a stratification mark of the first area and the second area. In other words, the colored sand is used as a stratification mark of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component, so as to observe the subsequent physical simulation experiments of brittle rock structure deformation of different strengths, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment and avoiding the problem of low accuracy of the deformation process of rocks with greater strength.

[0023] Specifically, by using a mold to divide the storage space in the sand box into a first area and a second area, the rock structure model to be laid can be planned in advance according to the geological conditions of the target area, and by using a mold to divide the storage space in the sand box into a first area and a second area, the laying of the rock structure model can be more organized, unnecessary errors can be reduced, and the rigor and reliability of the physical simulation experiment can be improved.

[0024] Specifically, the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component are obtained according to the geological conditions of the target area. Because the geological conditions are different, the required amount of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component can be weighed according to the actual geological conditions of the target area. Even the rock with greater strength is also divided into rocks with stronger strength and weaker strength in the rock with greater strength. Therefore, the second rock simulation component can be obtained in a planned manner according to the geological conditions of the target area. The second rock simulation component of the present application includes a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder. If the rock structure model to be laid currently can be adjusted according to the strength of the rock with greater strength, the ratio of quartz powder to silicon micropowder can be appropriately adjusted to simulate the rock with greater strength in the geological conditions of the target area, thereby completing the acquisition of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component. By obtaining the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the geological conditions of the target area, unnecessary waste of experimental materials is reduced, and the rock structure model can be laid more accurately, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0025] Specifically, after using the mold to lay the rock structure model, the mold can be removed from the sand box to improve the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment of the rock structure model, reduce the error caused by external factors, and improve the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0026] Specifically, colored sand is filled between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component, and the colored sand is used as a layering mark between the first rock structure model and the second rock structure model, so as to be more conducive to the observation of the physical simulation experiment, improve the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment, and avoid the problem of difficult to distinguish deformation process observations in areas of different intensities.

[0027] In some technical solutions of the present invention, optionally, the geological conditions of the target area include depth, size, and geological intensity.

[0028] In this technical solution, the address conditions of the target area include depth, size, and geological conditions. The height of the rock structure model can be obtained by geometric reduction according to the depth, and the length and width of the rock structure model can be obtained by geometric reduction according to the size. The rock structure model can be divided into a first area and a second area according to the geological conditions, and the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component can be filled according to different geological conditions. In other words, materials of different strengths can be filled according to different geological conditions, so as to simulate rocks of different strengths in the rock structure model. By obtaining the rock structure model according to the address conditions of the target area such as depth, size, and geological conditions, and then laying the rock structure model, the scientific nature of the physical simulation experiment is improved.

[0029] In some technical schemes of the present invention, optionally, obtaining the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the geological conditions of the target area also includes obtaining the first material of the first rock simulation component according to the hardness of the first rock layer in the target area; constructing the first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material; obtaining the second material of the second rock simulation component according to the hardness of the second rock layer in the target area; and constructing the second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material.

[0030] In this technical solution, according to the hardness of the first rock layer in the target area, the first material of the first rock simulation component is obtained, and the first rock simulation component is constructed in the first area based on the first material. According to the hardness of the second rock layer in the target area, the second material of the second rock simulation component is obtained, and the second rock simulation component is constructed in the second area based on the second material.

[0031] Specifically, because the strength of the rock layer in the target area is different, the first material and the second material can be selected according to the actual strength of the rock layer in the target area. For example, the strength of the rock layer in the target area can undergo plastic rheology, but the strength of the rock layer in the target area belongs to a poorer category among the rocks with greater strength, or in other words, the hardness of the first rock layer is not much different from that of the second rock layer. Then, according to the strength of the rock layer in the target area, the first material and the second material can be obtained for the second rock simulation component according to the strength of the rock layer in the target area, so as to simulate a rock simulation component that meets the strength of the rock layer in the target area, and then the first rock simulation component is constructed in the first area based on the first material, and the second rock simulation component is constructed in the second area based on the second material. By selecting the first material and the second material to construct the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the strength of the rock layer in the target area, the rock structure model can be laid more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and scientificity of the physical simulation experiment.

[0032] In some technical schemes of the present invention, optionally, the first material is quartz sand, and constructing a first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material also includes obtaining a first preset amount of the first material through a first measuring cup, filling the first material in the first area, and flattening the first area with a first tool to form the first rock simulation component in the first area.

[0033] In this technical solution, a first preset amount of a first material is obtained through a first measuring cup, the first material is filled into a first area, and the first area is flattened with a first tool to form a first rock simulation component in the first area, thereby improving the accuracy and scientificity of the physical simulation experiment.

[0034] Specifically, a first preset amount of the first material is obtained using a first measuring cup, and is slowly and evenly filled into the first area through the side wall baffle of the sand box. In this way, the first material is obtained and filled into the first area, thereby avoiding errors caused by excessive amount of the first material, thereby improving the accuracy of the physical model test.

[0035] Specifically, using the first tool to flatten the first area can make the rock structure model more evenly distributed, thereby improving the rigor of the physical simulation experiment.

[0036] Specifically, quartz sand is selected as the first material because in the physical simulation experiment of rock structure deformation, it should follow the Coulomb Moore fracture criterion. According to the Coulomb Moore fracture criterion, the internal friction coefficient and cohesion of the material affect the strength of the material. Among them, the higher the internal friction coefficient and the lower the cohesion, the more likely the material will be brittle fracture. Quartz sand has an internal friction coefficient of 0.6 to 0.8 and negligible cohesion. As a material with lower strength, it can improve the cost-effectiveness and durability of physical simulation experiments.

[0037] In some technical schemes of the present invention, optionally, the second material is a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder, and constructing a second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material also includes obtaining a second preset amount of the second material through a second measuring cup, filling the second material into the second area, and flattening the second area with a second tool to form a second rock simulation component in the second area.

[0038] In this technical solution, a second preset amount of a second material is obtained by a second measuring cup, the second material is filled into a second area, and the second area is flattened by a second tool to form a second rock simulation component in the second area, thereby improving the accuracy and scientificity of the physical simulation experiment.

[0039] Specifically, a second preset amount of the second material is obtained using a second measuring cup, and is slowly and evenly filled into the second area through the side wall baffle of the sand box. In this way, the second material is obtained and filled into the first area, thereby avoiding errors caused by using the same measuring cup to measure the first material and the second material, as well as mixing of the first material and the second material during the measuring process, thereby improving the accuracy of the physical model test.

[0040] Specifically, using the second tool to flatten the second area can make the rock structure model more evenly distributed and avoid mixing of the first material and the second material on the tool during the flattening process, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0041] Specifically, the first material is a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder because the internal friction coefficient of silicon micropowder is 0.7 to 0.8, which is consistent with quartz sand. However, the cohesive force of silicon micropowder can reach 300Pa to 400Pa under low compaction strength, and increases significantly with the increase of compaction. The mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder is selected as the second material, thereby improving the scientific nature of the physical simulation experiment.

[0042] In some technical schemes of the present invention, optionally, constructing a first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material includes filling the first material layer by layer in the first area to construct the first rock simulation component, wherein the material of the first material is the first material; and constructing a second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material includes filling the second material layer by layer in the second area to construct the second rock simulation component, wherein the material of the second material is the second material.

[0043] In this technical solution, a first material is filled layer by layer in a first region to construct a first rock simulation component, wherein the material of the first material is the first material, and by filling the first region layer by layer, the rock structure model can reflect vertical heterogeneity and horizontal heterogeneity, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical model test. A second material is filled layer by layer in a second region to construct a second rock simulation component, wherein the material of the second material is the second material, and by filling the second region layer by layer, the rock structure model can reflect vertical heterogeneity and horizontal heterogeneity, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical model test.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0047] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the rock structure model provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of a rock structure model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for laying a rock structure model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a laying mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the contact surface of materials of different strengths laid without using a mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the contact surface of different materials laid using a mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] in, Figures 1 to 6 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names in the figure is:

[0054] 200 rock structure model, 210 sand box, 212 accommodating space, 2122 first area, 2124 second area, 214 bottom plate, 216 side wall baffle, 218 movable component, 2182 movable push plate, 2185 driving device, 220 fixed baffle, 230 second rock simulation component, 240 second rock simulation component, 250 colored sand, 260 mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0057] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 6 A rock formation model and a method of laying a rock formation model according to some embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0058] In view of this, the first aspect of the present invention provides a rock structure model 200, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a sand box 210, the sand box 210 has a containing space 212, and the containing space 212 includes at least a first area 2122 and a second area 2124; a first rock simulation component 230, the first rock simulation component 230 is arranged in the first area 2122; a second rock simulation component 240, the second rock simulation component 240 is arranged in the second area 2124 and contacts with the first rock simulation component 230; wherein, the first rock simulation component 230 includes quartz sand, and the second rock simulation component 240 includes quartz sand and silicon powder.

[0059] The present application provides a rock structure model 200, which includes a sand box 210, wherein the sand box 210 has a containing space 212, and the containing space 212 can be divided into a plurality of regions, wherein the containing space 212 at least includes a first region 2122 and a second region 2124; wherein a first rock simulation component 230 is disposed in the first region 2122, and a second rock simulation component 240 is disposed in the second region 2124 and contacts the first rock simulation component 230; the first rock simulation component 230 includes quartz sand, and the second rock simulation component 240 includes quartz sand and silica powder, and by disposing the first rock simulation component 230 in the sand box In the first area 2122 of the sand box 210, the second rock simulation component 240 is set in the second area 2124 of the sand box 210, so as to reproduce the deformation process of brittle rock with greater strength, and through the cooperation of the first rock simulation component 230 and the second rock simulation component 240, the construction of brittle rock models with different strengths is realized in the same model, which lays a foundation for conducting physical simulation experiments on the structural deformation of brittle rocks with different strengths under the background of compression structure, reproduces the deformation process of rocks with greater strength, improves the rigor of the physical model and the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment, and thus improves the rigor of the physical simulation experiment on the structural deformation of brittle rocks with different strengths.

[0060] Specifically, the sand box 210 of the rock structure model 200 divides the model into a first area 2122 and a second area 2124 according to the geological conditions of the target area, and then sets the first rock simulation component 230 in the first area 2122 and the second rock simulation component 240 in the second area 2124.

[0061] Further, in physical experiments, when the rock undergoes brittle deformation, its stress-strain curve is consistent with the theoretical Coulomb material fracture curve. Therefore, the material of the rock structure model 200 selected to observe the brittle deformation of the rock also needs to follow the Coulomb-Moore fracture criterion, in which the Coulomb fracture criterion is mainly related to the internal friction coefficient and cohesion of the material, wherein the larger the internal friction coefficient, the smaller the cohesion, and the easier it is for the material to undergo brittle deformation. Therefore, the present application selects quartz sand as the material for observing brittle deformation in the rock structure model 200, and quartz sand has an internal friction coefficient of 0.6 to 0.8 and negligible cohesion. The first rock simulation component 230 of the present application selects the brittle rock layer material of the quartz sand structure model, which makes it easier to observe the brittle deformation of the rock after constructing the rock structure model 200 more intuitively, thereby improving the reliability of the physical model and reducing the cost of constructing the rock structure model 200.

[0062] Further, in order to observe the plastic rheology of rock, it is necessary to select a material with an internal friction coefficient similar to that of quartz sand, but a cohesive force far exceeding that of quartz sand, and the internal friction coefficient of silicon micropowder is relatively consistent with that of quartz sand, and the internal friction coefficient of silicon micropowder is 0.7 to 0.8, but the cohesive force of silicon micropowder can reach 300Pa to 400Pa at low compaction strength, which is far greater than the cohesive force of quartz sand, and the cohesive force of silicon micropowder can be significantly increased with the strengthening of compaction. Therefore, the second rock simulation component 240 of the present application selects a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder to construct a rock structure model 200 to reproduce the plastic rheology of the rock structure model 200 or the deformation process of a rock with greater strength. By selecting a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder as the second rock simulation component 240, so that the rock structure model 200 can reproduce the deformation process of a rock with greater strength, the problem that the deformation process of a rock with greater strength is difficult to observe is avoided, and the accuracy of the model simulation is improved.

[0063] Furthermore, the rock structure model 200 utilizes the physical properties of quartz sand and silica powder with completely different strengths, avoiding the problem that the rock structure model cannot truly reflect the structural deformation process of stress concentration and strain expansion in the strength discontinuity zone, and lays the foundation for physical simulation experiments of brittle rock structure deformation of different strengths.

[0064] This embodiment provides a rock structure model 200. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sand box 210 also includes: a bottom plate 214; a plurality of side wall baffles 216, wherein the plurality of side wall baffles 216 are respectively connected to the bottom plate 214 and arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 214; a movable component 218, wherein the movable component 218 is connected to the bottom plate 214 and is located between the plurality of side wall baffles 216, and the movable component 218 can slide along the bottom plate 214; and a fixed baffle 220, wherein the fixed baffle 220 is arranged on the opposite side of the movable push plate 2182, is connected to the bottom plate 214, and is located between the plurality of side wall baffles 216.

[0066] In this embodiment, the sand box 210 further includes a bottom plate 214, a lower part of a rectangular parallelepiped structure surrounded by a movable assembly 218, a fixed baffle 220, and a plurality of side wall baffles 216; there are a plurality of side wall baffles 216, which are respectively connected to the bottom plate 214 and arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 214. The movable assembly 218 is connected to the bottom plate 214 and is located between the plurality of side wall baffles 216. The movable component cooperates with the side wall baffles 216 and the fixed bottom plate 214. The movable assembly 218 can slide along the bottom plate 214 and can apply pressure to the physical model in the sand box 210 by sliding on the bottom plate 214. The fixed baffle 220 is arranged on the opposite side of the movable push plate 2182, connected to the bottom plate 214, and located between the plurality of side wall baffles 216.

[0067] Specifically, the side wall baffle 216 is a transparent glass plate, which is convenient for observing the changes of the rock structure model 200 during the physical simulation experiment, thereby improving the convenience of observation during the physical simulation experiment.

[0068] This embodiment provides a rock structure model 200. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0069] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the movable assembly 218 also includes a movable push plate 2182 and a driving device 2185 . The driving device 2185 is disposed on the outer side of the movable push plate 2182 , and the driving device 2185 is used to push the movable push plate 2182 .

[0070] In this embodiment, the movable assembly 218 also includes a movable push plate 2182, which can cooperate with the fixed bottom plate 214, so as to slide along the side wall baffle 216 and the fixed bottom plate 214, which is more conducive to applying pressure to the physical model in the sand box 210, thereby simulating the brittle deformation and plastic rheology of the physical model. The driving device 2185 is arranged on the outside of the movable push plate 2182, and the driving device 2185 is used to push the movable push plate 2182. By pushing the movable push plate 2182 to slide along the side wall baffle 216 through the driving device 2185, pressure can be applied to the rock structure model 200 in the sand box 210 more accurately, reducing manpower consumption and improving the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0071] Specifically, the driving device 2185 can be a servo motor.

[0072] This embodiment provides a rock structure model 200. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sand box 210 further includes colored sand 250 , which is disposed in the containing space 212 and located between the first area 2122 and the second area 2124 .

[0074] In this embodiment, the colored sand 250 is arranged in the accommodating space 212, between the first area 2122 and the second area 2124. After the first rock simulation component 230 fills the first area 2122 and the second rock simulation component 240 fills the second area 2124, whenever it is necessary to layer or distinguish the first area 2122 from the second area 2124, the colored sand 250 is sprinkled as a layering mark, and then the next single layer is laid until the model is laid.

[0075] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for laying a rock structure model, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0076] Step 102, obtaining a first rock simulation component and a second rock simulation component according to geological conditions of the target area;

[0077] Step 104, dividing the accommodation space in the sand box into a first area and a second area by using a mold;

[0078] Step 106, filling the first area with a first rock simulation component;

[0079] Step 108, filling the second area with a second rock simulation component;

[0080] Step 110, pulling the mold out of the sand box;

[0081] Step 112, filling colored sand between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component.

[0082] In this embodiment, the method for laying the rock structure model includes: based on the principle of similarity, constructing a scaled rock structure model according to the geological conditions of the target area, dividing the rock structure model into a first area and a second area according to the geological conditions of the target area, and using the mold 260 to divide the first area and the second area. In other words, the mold 260 is used to separate the accommodation space in the sand box into the first area and the second area, and the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component are obtained according to the geological conditions of the target area, and the first rock simulation component is filled in the first area, and the second rock simulation component is filled in the second area. After the rock structure model is laid, the mold 260 is removed from the sand box, and colored sand is filled between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component as a stratification mark of the first area and the second area. In other words, the colored sand is used as a stratification mark of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component, so as to observe the subsequent physical simulation experiment of brittle rock structure deformation of different strengths, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment and avoiding the problem of low accuracy of the deformation process of rocks with greater strength.

[0083] Specifically, Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 4 The shape of the mold 260 can be simplified according to the actual geological conditions and is not limited to the shape in this example. The mold 260 can be used to divide the storage space in the sand box into the first area and the second area. The rock structure model to be laid can be planned in advance according to the geological conditions of the target area, and the mold 260 can be used to divide the storage space in the sand box into the first area and the second area. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the use of mold 260 simplifies the process of laying materials of different strengths, makes the contact boundary straighter, allows the laying of the rock structure model to be more organized, reduces unnecessary errors, simplifies the complexity of laying the rock structure model, and lays the foundation for conducting physical simulation experiments on deformation of brittle rock structures of different strengths, thereby improving the rigor and reliability of the physical simulation experiments.

[0084] Specifically, the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component are obtained according to the geological conditions of the target area. Because the geological conditions are different, the required amount of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component can be weighed according to the actual geological conditions of the target area. Even the rock with higher strength is also divided into rocks with higher strength and rocks with lower strength in the rocks with higher strength. Therefore, the second rock simulation component can be obtained in a planned manner according to the geological conditions of the target area. The second rock simulation component of the present application includes a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder. If the rock structure model to be laid currently can be adjusted according to the strength of the rock with higher strength, the ratio of quartz powder to silicon micropowder can be appropriately adjusted to simulate the rock with higher strength, thereby completing the acquisition of the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component. By obtaining the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the geological conditions of the target area, unnecessary waste of experimental materials is reduced, and the rock structure model can be laid more accurately, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0085] Specifically, the mold 260 can be pulled out of the sand box after the rock structure model is laid out using the mold 260, so as to enhance the influence of the mold 260 on the physical simulation experiment of the rock structure model, especially the influence on the deformation process of rocks with higher strength, reduce the errors caused by external factors, and enhance the rigor and accuracy of the physical simulation experiment.

[0086] Specifically, colored sand is filled between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component, and the colored sand is used as a layering mark between the first rock structure model and the second rock structure model, so as to be more conducive to the observation of the physical simulation experiment, improve the accuracy of the physical simulation experiment, and avoid the problem of difficult to distinguish deformation process observations in areas of different intensities.

[0087] Specifically, in the process of studying the development of tectonic deformation under the background of compression, by using the principle of similarity, selecting appropriate materials to construct a scaled rock tectonic model and applying an appropriate deformation rate, the geometric form, evolutionary order and dynamic mechanism of tectonic deformation can be effectively revealed. When there are strength differences in rocks involved in brittle fracture, such as collage terranes, exposed complex rock bodies, igneous rock intrusions, etc., which have greater strength than sedimentary rock formations, the materials selected in the physical simulation experiment process must have a more obvious strength difference under the premise of following the Coulomb-Moore fracture criterion.

[0088] This embodiment provides a method for laying a rock structure model. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0089] The geological conditions of the target area include depth, size, and geological strength.

[0090] In this embodiment, the address conditions of the target area include depth, size, and geological conditions. The height of the rock structure model can be obtained by geometric reduction according to the depth, and the length and width of the rock structure model can be obtained by geometric reduction according to the size. The rock structure model can be divided into a first area and a second area according to the geological conditions, and the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component can be filled according to different geological conditions. In other words, materials of different strengths can be filled according to different geological conditions, so as to simulate rocks of different strengths in the rock structure model. By obtaining the rock structure model according to the address conditions of the target area such as depth, size, and geological conditions, and then laying the rock structure model, the scientific nature of the physical simulation experiment is improved.

[0091] This embodiment provides a method for laying a rock structure model. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0092] Acquiring the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the geological conditions of the target area also includes acquiring a first material of the first rock simulation component according to the hardness of the first rock layer in the target area; constructing the first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material; acquiring a second material of the second rock simulation component according to the hardness of the second rock layer in the target area; and constructing the second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material.

[0093] In this embodiment, according to the hardness of the first rock layer in the target area, the first material of the first rock simulation component is obtained, and the first rock simulation component is constructed in the first area based on the first material. According to the hardness of the second rock layer in the target area, the second material of the second rock simulation component is obtained, and the second rock simulation component is constructed in the second area based on the second material.

[0094] This embodiment provides a method for laying a rock structure model. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0095] Specifically, because the strength of the rock layer in the target area is different, the first material and the second material can be selected according to the actual strength of the rock layer in the target area. For example, the strength of the rock layer in the target area can undergo plastic rheology, but the strength of the rock layer in the target area belongs to a poorer category among the rocks with greater strength, or in other words, the hardness of the first rock layer is not much different from that of the second rock layer. Then, according to the strength of the rock layer in the target area, the first material and the second material can be obtained for the second rock simulation component according to the strength of the rock layer in the target area, so as to simulate a rock simulation component that meets the strength of the rock layer in the target area, and then the first rock simulation component is constructed in the first area based on the first material, and the second rock simulation component is constructed in the second area based on the second material. By selecting the first material and the second material to construct the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the strength of the rock layer in the target area, the rock structure model can be laid more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and scientificity of the physical simulation experiment.

[0096] This embodiment provides a method for laying a rock structure model. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0097] The first material is quartz sand. Constructing a first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material also includes obtaining a first preset amount of the first material through a first measuring cup, filling the first material into the first area, and flattening the first area with a first tool to form the first rock simulation component in the first area.

[0098] In this embodiment, a first preset amount of a first material is obtained through a first measuring cup, the first material is filled into a first area, and the first area is flattened with a first tool to form a first rock simulation component in the first area, thereby improving the accuracy and scientificity of the physical simulation experiment.

[0099] Specifically, a first preset amount of the first material is obtained using a first measuring cup, and is slowly and evenly filled into the first area through the side wall baffle of the sand box. In this way, the first material is obtained and filled into the first area, thereby avoiding errors caused by excessive amount of the first material, thereby improving the accuracy of the physical model test.

[0100] Specifically, using the first tool to flatten the first area can make the rock structure model more evenly distributed, thereby improving the rigor of the physical simulation experiment.

[0101] Specifically, quartz sand is selected as the first material because in the physical simulation experiment of rock structure deformation, it should follow the Coulomb Moore fracture criterion. According to the Coulomb Moore fracture criterion, the internal friction coefficient and cohesion of the material affect the strength of the material. Among them, the higher the internal friction coefficient and the lower the cohesion, the more likely the material will be brittle fracture. Quartz sand has an internal friction coefficient of 0.6 to 0.8 and negligible cohesion. As a material with lower strength, it can improve the cost-effectiveness and durability of physical simulation experiments.

[0102] This embodiment provides a method for laying a rock structure model. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0103] The second material is a mixture of quartz sand and silicon powder. Constructing a second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material also includes obtaining a second preset amount of the second material through a second measuring cup, filling the second material into the second area, and flattening the second area with a second tool to form a second rock simulation component in the second area.

[0104] In this embodiment, a second preset amount of a second material is obtained by a second measuring cup, the second material is filled into the second area, and the second area is flattened by a second tool to form a second rock simulation component in the second area, thereby improving the accuracy and scientificity of the physical simulation experiment.

[0105] Specifically, a second preset amount of the second material is obtained by using a second measuring cup, and is slowly and evenly filled into the second area through the side wall baffle of the sand box. In this way, the second material is obtained and filled into the first area, thereby avoiding the use of the same measuring cup to measure the first material and the second material, thereby avoiding errors and mixing of the first material and the second material during the measuring process, thereby improving the accuracy of the physical model test.

[0106] Specifically, using the second tool to flatten the second area can make the rock structure model more evenly distributed and avoid the first material and the second material from mixing on the tool during the flattening process, thereby improving the rigor of the physical simulation experiment.

[0107] Specifically, the first material is a mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder because the internal friction coefficient of silicon micropowder is 0.7 to 0.8, which is consistent with quartz sand. However, the cohesive force of silicon micropowder can reach 300Pa to 400Pa under low compaction strength, and increases significantly with the increase of compaction. The mixture of quartz sand and silicon micropowder is selected as the second material, thereby improving the scientific nature of the physical simulation experiment.

[0108] This embodiment provides a method for laying a rock structure model. In addition to the technical features of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes the following technical features.

[0109] Constructing the first rock simulation component in the first region based on the first material includes filling the first material layer by layer in the first region to construct the first rock simulation component, wherein the material of the first material is the first material;

[0110] The step of constructing a second rock simulation component in the second area based on a second material includes filling the second material layer by layer in the second area to construct the second rock simulation component, wherein the material of the second material is the second material.

[0111] In this embodiment, the first material is filled layer by layer in the first region to construct a first rock simulation component, wherein the material of the first material is the first material, and by filling the first region layer by layer, the rock structure model can reflect vertical heterogeneity and horizontal heterogeneity, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical model test. The second material is filled layer by layer in the second region to construct a second rock simulation component, wherein the material of the second material is the second material, and by filling the second region layer by layer, the rock structure model can reflect vertical heterogeneity and horizontal heterogeneity, thereby improving the rigor and accuracy of the physical model test.

[0112] Specifically, the mechanical properties of silica powder with significantly greater cohesion than conventional granular materials in structural physical simulation are used. For brittle rocks with greater strength, silica powder is mixed with quartz sand in proportion. The developed mixed material significantly increases the cohesion of the mixed material while maintaining the Coulomb fracture mechanical properties, which significantly enhances its strength. By using quartz sand, quartz sand and silica powder mixed materials in combination, and adopting a layered and zoned laying method, brittle rock models of different strengths can be constructed in the same model, laying the foundation for conducting physical simulation experiments on structural deformation of brittle rocks of different strengths under the background of compressional structures.

[0113] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0114] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A rock structure model (200), It is characterized in that The model includes: A sand box (210), wherein the sand box (210) has a containing space (212), and the containing space (212) includes at least a first area (2122) and a second area (2124); a first rock simulation component (230), wherein the first rock simulation component (230) is disposed in the first area (2122); a second rock simulation component (240), wherein the second rock simulation component (240) is disposed in the second area (2124) and is in contact with the first rock simulation component (230); Wherein, the first rock simulation component (230) comprises quartz sand, and the second rock simulation component (240) comprises quartz sand and silicon powder.

2. The model according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The sand box (210) further comprises: Bottom plate (214); Side wall baffles (216), the number of the side wall baffles (216) being multiple, the multiple side wall baffles (216) being respectively connected to the bottom plate (214) and arranged on both sides of the bottom plate (214); A movable component (218), the movable component (218) is connected to the bottom plate (214), is located between the plurality of side wall baffles (216), and the movable component (218) is capable of sliding along the bottom plate (214); A fixed baffle (220), wherein the fixed baffle (220) is disposed on the opposite side of the movable component (2182), connected to the bottom plate (214), and located between the plurality of side wall baffles (216).

3. The model according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The active component (218) further comprises: Movable push plate (2182); A driving device (2185), wherein the driving device (2185) is disposed on the outer side of the movable push plate (2182), and the driving device (2185) is used to push the movable push plate (2182).

4. The model according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The sand box (210) further comprises: Colored sand (250), the colored sand (250) is arranged in the containing space (212), and is located between the first area (2122) and the second area (2124).

5. A method for laying a rock structure model, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Acquire a first rock simulation component and a second rock simulation component according to geological conditions of a target area; The accommodating space in the sand box is divided into a first area and a second area by a mold; Filling the first rock simulation component into the first area; Filling the second rock simulation component in the second area; Pulling the mold out of the sand box; Fill colored sand between the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component.

6. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The geological conditions of the target area include: Depth, size, geological strength.

7. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The step of acquiring the first rock simulation component and the second rock simulation component according to the geological conditions of the target area further comprises: According to the hardness of the first rock layer in the target area, obtaining the first material of the first rock simulation component; constructing the first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material; According to the hardness of the second rock layer in the target area, obtaining the second material of the second rock simulation component; The second rock simulation component is constructed in the second area based on the second material.

8. The method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The first material is quartz sand, and constructing the first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material further includes: A first preset amount of the first material is obtained through a first measuring cup, the first material is filled into the first area, and the first area is flattened with a first tool to form the first rock simulation component in the first area.

9. The method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The second material is a mixture of quartz sand and silicon powder, and the step of constructing the second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material further includes: A second preset amount of the second material is obtained through a second measuring cup, the second material is filled into the second area, and the second area is flattened with a second tool to form the second rock simulation component in the second area.

10. The method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The constructing the first rock simulation component in the first area based on the first material includes: filling the first material layer by layer in the first area to construct the first rock simulation component, wherein the material of the first material is the first material; The step of constructing the second rock simulation component in the second area based on the second material includes: filling the second material layer by layer in the second area to construct the second rock simulation component, wherein the material of the second material is the second material.

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