Multifunctional impact experiment device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building structure test equipment, and discloses a multifunctional impact test device which comprises a bolt fixing plate laid on the ground, an impact frame is installed on the bolt fixing plate, a sling with a drop hammer body suspended is wound around the top of the impact frame, a horizontal test piece fixed to the bolt fixing plate is arranged under the drop hammer body, and a horizontal test piece is arranged on the horizontal test piece. A vertical test piece is arranged on one side, far away from the impact frame, of the horizontal test piece, a test piece foundation is poured at the bottom of the vertical test piece, and the test piece foundation is mounted on a bolt fixing plate through a base plate; a concrete block is poured at the top of the vertical test piece, the top surface of the concrete block is connected with a plurality of steel sheets through flanges, and the steel sheets are connected with the impact frame through lifting ropes; a pendulum bob body is arranged on one side of the vertical test piece, the top end of the pendulum bob body is installed on the fixed shaft rotating device through a swing arm, one side of the pendulum bob body is connected to a steel frame through an unhooking machine, and the steel frame is fixed to a bolt fixing plate and right faces the impact frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building structure test equipment, in particular to a multifunctional impact test device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, accidents such as vehicle collisions, heavy machinery impacts, and terrorist attacks have occurred frequently, making the anti-collision performance of building structures a focus of attention. When subjected to impact loads, the main load-bearing components of buildings are prone to significant deformation and damage, and in severe cases, even cause overall collapse, posing a serious threat to the lives and property safety of the people. Therefore, scientifically and reasonably evaluating the anti-collision performance of building structures has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, traditional impact test equipment has obvious functional limitations. Conventional equipment can only simulate lateral impact conditions and it is difficult to reproduce the complex and changeable stress state in actual impact scenarios. Since actual impacts may come from different directions, have different speeds and energies, and may be accompanied by a variety of complex composite effects, and traditional equipment cannot fully simulate these situations, it is impossible to accurately evaluate the mechanical properties of building structures under different impact conditions. For example, when some building structures are hit by multi-angle impacts, traditional test equipment cannot provide corresponding test data, which makes the building structures lack a comprehensive and reliable basis for designing and evaluating the impact resistance.

[0004] In summary, the existing impact test equipment cannot meet the needs of accurate performance evaluation of building structures under various complex impact conditions. It is urgent to develop a multifunctional impact test equipment to provide more reliable and comprehensive test data support for the impact performance evaluation of building structures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a multifunctional impact test device to solve a series of problems such as the current impact test device cannot meet the demand for accurate performance evaluation of building structures under various complex impact conditions, cannot provide corresponding test data, resulting in a lack of comprehensive and reliable basis for the design and evaluation of impact resistance of building structures.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: comprising a bolt fixing plate laid on the ground, an impact frame is installed on the bolt fixing plate, a sling with a drop hammer body suspended thereon is wound around the top of the impact frame, two ends of the sling are respectively fixed to the drop hammer body and the hoist, a horizontal test piece is arranged directly below the drop hammer body, and two ends of the horizontal test piece are fixed to the bolt fixing plate through a lower pressure beam and an upper pressure beam; a vertical test piece is arranged on the side of the horizontal test piece away from the impact frame, a test piece foundation is cast at the bottom of the vertical test piece, and the test piece foundation is installed on the bolt fixing plate through a pad; A concrete block is cast on the top of the vertical specimen, and several steel sheets are connected to the top surface of the concrete block through a flange. The steel sheets are connected by bolts, and the uppermost steel sheet is connected to the impact frame through a hanging rope; a pendulum hammer body is provided on the side of the vertical specimen away from the impact frame, and the top of the pendulum hammer body is installed on the fixed-axis rotating device through a swing arm, and the fixed-axis rotating device is fixed on the top of the impact frame. The vertical specimen is located on the swing track of the pendulum hammer body, and one side of the pendulum hammer body is connected to the steel frame through a unhooking machine, and the steel frame is fixed on the bolt fixing plate and directly opposite to the impact frame.

[0007] During implementation, it includes a bolt fixing plate laid on the ground, the bolt fixing plate is made of a porous steel plate, and steel plate bolt holes are opened on the bolt fixing plate. The spacing between the steel plate bolt holes is 100mm. Due to the large number of holes, the installation is flexible, and it is convenient for installation combinations in different positions. An impact frame is installed on the bolt fixing plate, and the bottom end of the impact frame is provided with two limbs of the impact frame with reserved holes. The two limbs of the impact frame are fixed to the bolt fixing plate by bolts. Specifically, the two limbs of the impact frame are fixed to the bolt fixing plate by short bolts; a sling with a drop hammer body suspended is wound around the top of the impact frame, and the two ends of the sling are respectively fixed on the drop hammer body and the hoist. The drop hammer body adopts a self-weight drop hammer body, and the weight of the drop hammer body can be increased by adding Or reduce the counterweight adjustment, a drop hammer head is provided at the bottom of the drop hammer body, a horizontal specimen is provided directly below the drop hammer body, both ends of the horizontal specimen are fixed to the bolt fixing plate through a lower pressure beam and an upper pressure beam, and the lower pressure beam and the upper pressure beam are used to clamp the two ends of the horizontal specimen for a certain length to achieve the fixed support constraint condition; specifically, a lower pressure beam is provided below the two ends of the horizontal specimen, and the bottom plate of the lower pressure beam is connected to the bolt fixing plate through bolt reserved holes and short bolts; an upper pressure beam is provided directly above the lower pressure beam, and the center lines of the upper pressure beam and the lower pressure beam projected on the ground coincide with each other, bolt holes corresponding to the position of the top plate of the lower pressure beam are provided on both sides of the upper pressure beam, and the upper pressure beam is fixed to the lower pressure beam through long bolts, and the end of the horizontal specimen is clamped between the upper pressure beam and the lower pressure beam.

[0008] A vertical specimen is provided on the side of the horizontal specimen away from the impact frame, a specimen foundation is cast at the bottom of the vertical specimen, and the specimen foundation is installed on the bolt fixing plate through a pad. Specifically, the edge of the pad is installed on the bolt fixing plate through short bolts, and the specimen foundation is provided above the pad, and the four corners of the specimen foundation are installed on the bolt fixing plate through long bolts passing through the pad; A concrete block is poured vertically on the top of the specimen, and several steel sheets are connected to the top surface of the concrete block through a flange. The axial load is applied to the upper part of the specimen through the deadweight of the concrete block and the superimposed steel sheets. The steel sheets are connected by bolts, and the uppermost steel sheet is connected to the impact frame through a suspension rope. Specifically, a horizontal support arm is installed in the middle section of each column of the impact frame. The two support arms are installed at the same height and length to play a protective role. A loose suspension rope is installed between the two support arms, and the center of the suspension rope is connected to the uppermost steel sheet; the steel sheets are connected by long bolts that penetrate the steel sheets.

[0009] A pendulum hammer body is provided on the side of the vertical specimen away from the impact frame, and the weight of the pendulum hammer body can be adjusted according to the test conditions. The pendulum hammer body adopts a horizontal pendulum hammer body, and a pendulum hammer head is provided on the side of the pendulum hammer body facing the vertical specimen. The top of the pendulum hammer body is installed on a fixed-axis rotating device through a swing arm, and the fixed-axis rotating device is fixed to the top of the impact frame. Specifically, the fixed-axis rotating device includes at least two fixing frames fixed to the top of the impact frame, a through hole is opened in the center of the fixing frame, and a horizontal fixed-axis rotating rod is passed through the through hole, and both ends of the fixed-axis rotating rod are fixed by nuts, and the fixed-axis rotating rod is connected to the top of the swing arm through a bearing.

[0010] The vertical test piece is located on the swing track of the pendulum hammer body, and the lateral impact is achieved through the swing of the pendulum. One side of the pendulum hammer body is connected to the steel frame through a decoupling machine. The steel frame is fixed on the bolt fixing plate and is opposite to the impact frame.

[0011] When in use, first fix the two limbs of the impact frame to the bolt fixing plate with bolts, and then determine the type of specimen restraint device according to the requirements of the impact working condition; If it is a horizontal specimen, install the horizontal specimen and the lower pressure beam just below the drop hammer body, so that the impact point of the horizontal specimen is just below the drop hammer head, fix the upper pressure beam and the lower pressure beam with long bolts, and clamp the end of the horizontal specimen. According to the test requirements, adjust the height and weight of the drop hammer head. After meeting the test requirements, release the drop hammer after checking that everything is correct to complete the test. It should be noted that after the drop hammer hits the horizontal specimen and rebounds, pull it back immediately to avoid secondary impact.

[0012] If it is a vertical specimen, according to the test requirements, determine the distance between the vertical specimen and the pendulum hammer head and the weight of the pendulum hammer body, use short bolts to install the pad on the bolt fixing plate, use long bolts to pass the specimen foundation through the pad and fix it to the bolt fixing plate, connect the concrete block on the top of the vertical specimen with a steel sheet of appropriate weight through flanges and bolts, and connect the steel sheet at the top through the center of a loose lifting rope. The two ends of the lifting rope are installed between two supporting arms. After the pendulum hammer body and the pendulum hammer head are pulled up, use this device to perform an impact test, use an unhooking machine to release the pendulum hammer body, and move it along the swing arm. At this time, the fixed-axis rotating device rotates, that is, the top of the swing arm rotates around the fixed-axis rotating rod, and the pendulum hammer head hits the vertical specimen.

[0013] The deadweight drop hammer generates impact load through the free fall motion of the drop hammer, and the horizontal pendulum generates impact load through the swing of the pendulum. Each device is installed and disassembled modularly according to the hole positions of the bolt fixing plate, which can realize the deadweight drop hammer impact and horizontal pendulum impact. At the same time, it can also apply axial pressure impact test. Through the cooperation of the two devices, multi-directional and multi-angle tests can be realized.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a multifunctional impact test device, which generates an impact load by a self-weight drop hammer relying on free fall motion, and generates an impact load by a horizontal pendulum relying on swinging, and each device is modularly installed and disassembled according to the hole position of a bolt fixing plate, so that not only can the self-weight drop hammer impact and the horizontal pendulum impact be realized, but also axial pressure can be applied to perform an impact test. Multi-directional and multi-angle tests can be realized through the cooperation of the two devices, and impact tests of components under different working conditions can be simulated. Different installation positions can be used to meet the requirements of different impact tests. The design is reasonable and the applicability is strong. Each device is modularly installed and disassembled according to the hole position of the bolt fixing plate, which provides a more comprehensive and flexible experimental means for related research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the forward structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a lateral structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of bolt fixing plate.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drop hammer body and the drop hammer head.

[0019] Figure 5 This is the main view of the horizontal specimen installation.

[0020] Figure 6 This is the side view of the horizontal test piece installation.

[0021] Figure 7 This is the front view of the installation of the pendulum hammer body.

[0022] Figure 8 It is the installation side view of the pendulum hammer body.

[0023] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the fixed-axis rotating device.

[0024] In the figure: 1-bolt fixing plate, 2-impact frame, 3-lower pressure beam, 4-upper pressure beam, 5-drop hammer body, 6-drop hammer head, 7-fixed axis rotation device, 71-nut, 72-fixed frame, 73-fixed axis rotation rod, 8-pendulum hammer body, 9-swing arm, 10-pendulum hammer head, 11-pad, 12-two limbs of impact frame, 13-long bolts, 14-short bolts, 15-steel frame, 16-steel sheet, 17-specimen foundation, 18-concrete block, 19-horizontal specimen, 20-support arm, 21-vertical specimen, 20-steel plate bolt hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Multifunctional impact test device, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, for clarity, Figure 1 The vertical test piece and other components are omitted, including a bolt fixing plate 1 laid on the ground, the bolt fixing plate 1 is made of a porous steel plate, and steel plate bolt holes 22 are opened on the bolt fixing plate 1, and the spacing between the steel plate bolt holes 22 is 100mm. Due to the large number of holes, the installation is flexible, which is convenient for installation combinations at different positions. An impact frame 2 is installed on the bolt fixing plate 1, and the maximum allowable impact height is 8m. The bottom end of the impact frame 2 is provided with two limbs 12 of the impact frame with reserved holes, and the two limbs 12 of the impact frame are fixed to the bolt fixing plate 1 by bolts. Specifically, the two limbs 12 of the impact frame are fixed to the bolt fixing plate 1 by 16 short bolts 14; a sling with a drop hammer body 5 suspended thereon is wound around the top of the impact frame 2, and the two ends of the sling are respectively fixed to the drop hammer body 5 and the hoist, and the drop hammer body 5 adopts a self-weight drop hammer body, and the weight of the drop hammer body 5 can be adjusted by adding or reducing the counterweight. A drop hammer head 6 is provided at the bottom of the drop hammer body 5, and the hoist is set on the ground. Figure 2It is only for illustration, and the hoist is not drawn. A horizontal specimen 19 is provided directly below the drop hammer body 5. The two ends of the horizontal specimen 19 are fixed to the bolt fixing plate 1 through a lower pressure beam 3 and an upper pressure beam 4. The lower pressure beam 3 and the upper pressure beam 4 clamp the two ends of the horizontal specimen 19 to a certain length to achieve the fixed support constraint condition; specifically, a lower pressure beam 3 is provided below the two ends of the horizontal specimen 19, and the bottom plate of the lower pressure beam 3 is connected to the bolt fixing plate 1 through bolt reserved holes and short bolts 14. In this embodiment, 16 short bolts 14 are provided; an upper pressure beam 4 is provided directly above the lower pressure beam 3, and the center lines of the upper pressure beam 4 and the lower pressure beam 3 projected on the ground coincide with each other. Bolt holes corresponding to the top plate position of the lower pressure beam 3 are provided on both sides of the upper pressure beam 4, and the upper pressure beam 4 is fixed to the lower pressure beam 3 through long bolts 13, and the end of the horizontal specimen 19 is clamped between the upper pressure beam 4 and the lower pressure beam 3.

[0027] A vertical test piece 21 is provided on the side of the horizontal test piece 19 away from the impact frame 2, and a test piece foundation 17 is cast at the bottom of the vertical test piece 21. The test piece foundation 17 is installed on the bolt fixing plate 1 through a pad 11. Specifically, the edge of the pad 11 is installed on the bolt fixing plate 1 through short bolts 14, and a test piece foundation 17 is provided above the pad 11. The specification of the test piece foundation 17 is 180 mm in height and 300 mm×300 mm in cross section. The four corners of the test piece foundation 17 are installed on the bolt fixing plate 1 through long bolts 13 passing through the pad 11; A concrete block 18 is cast vertically on the top of the specimen 21, and a plurality of steel sheets 16 are connected to the top surface of the concrete block 18 through a flange. The axial load is applied to the upper part of the specimen through the deadweight of the concrete block 18 and the superimposed steel sheets 16. The steel sheets 16 are connected to each other by bolts, and the uppermost steel sheet is connected to the impact frame 2 by a suspension rope. Specifically, a horizontal support arm 20 is installed in the middle section of each column of the impact frame 2. The two support arms 20 are installed at the same height and length to play a protective role. A loose suspension rope is installed between the two support arms 20, and the center of the suspension rope is connected to the uppermost steel sheet 16; the steel sheets 16 are connected by long bolts 13 that penetrate the steel sheets 16.

[0028] A pendulum hammer body 8 is provided on the side of the vertical specimen 21 away from the impact frame 2. The weight of the pendulum hammer body 8 can be adjusted according to the test conditions. The pendulum hammer body 8 adopts a horizontal pendulum hammer body. A pendulum hammer head 10 is provided on the side of the pendulum hammer body 8 facing the vertical specimen 21. The top of the pendulum hammer body 8 is installed on the fixed-axis rotating device 7 through the swing arm 9. The fixed-axis rotating device 7 is fixed to the top of the impact frame 2. Specifically, the fixed-axis rotating device 7 includes at least two fixing frames 72 fixed to the top of the impact frame 2. A through hole is opened in the center of the fixing frame 72. A horizontal fixed-axis rotating rod 73 is passed through the through hole. Both ends of the fixed-axis rotating rod 73 are fixed by nuts 71. The fixed-axis rotating rod 73 is connected to the top of the swing arm 9 through a bearing. In this embodiment, three fixing frames 72 are provided, the centers of the through holes of the three fixing frames 72 are collinear, and a fixed-axis transmission rod 73 is passed through the through hole, both ends of the fixed-axis transmission rod 73 pass through the fixing frames 72 located on the outside and are fixed by nuts 71, and the top end of the swing arm 9 is in a fork shape adapted to the fixing frames 72 and is inserted between the fixing frames 72 to ensure the stability of the movement trajectory of the swing arm 9; the vertical test piece 21 is located on the swing trajectory of the pendulum hammer body 8, and lateral impact is achieved through the swing of the pendulum, one side of the pendulum hammer body 8 is connected to the steel frame 15 through a decoupling machine, and the steel frame 15 is fixed on the bolt fixing plate 1 and is opposite to the impact frame 2.

[0029] When in use, first fix the two limbs 12 of the impact frame to the bolt fixing plate 1 by 16 bolts each, and then determine the type of the specimen restraint device according to the requirements of the impact working condition; If it is a horizontal test piece 19, install the horizontal test piece 19 and the lower pressure beam 3 just below the drop hammer body 5, so that the impact point of the horizontal test piece 19 is just below the drop hammer head 6, fix the upper pressure beam 4 and the lower pressure beam 3 by the long bolt 13, and clamp the end of the horizontal test piece 19, adjust the height and weight of the drop hammer head 6 according to the test requirements, and release the drop hammer after checking that it meets the test requirements to complete the test. It should be noted that after the drop hammer hits the horizontal test piece 19 and rebounds, it should be pulled back immediately to avoid secondary impact.

[0030] If it is a vertical specimen 21, according to the test requirements, determine the distance between the vertical specimen 21 and the pendulum hammer head 10 and the weight of the pendulum hammer body 8, use 4 short bolts 14 to install the pad 11 on the bolt fixing plate 1, use 4 long bolts 13 to pass the specimen base 17 through the pad 11 and fix it to the bolt fixing plate 1, connect the concrete block 18 on the top of the vertical specimen 21 with a steel sheet 16 of appropriate weight through flanges and bolts, and the steel sheet 16 at the top is connected in the middle through a loose hanging rope, and the two ends of the hanging rope are installed between two support arms 20. After the pendulum hammer body 8 and the pendulum hammer head 10 are pulled up, use the device to perform an impact test, use a dehooking machine to release the pendulum hammer body 8, and move along the swing arm 9, at this time, the fixed-axis rotating device 7 rotates, that is, the top end of the swing arm 9 rotates around the fixed-axis rotating rod 73, and the pendulum hammer head 10 hits the vertical specimen.

[0031] The deadweight drop hammer generates impact load through the free fall motion of the drop hammer, and the horizontal pendulum generates impact load through the swing of the pendulum. Each device is installed and disassembled modularly according to the hole positions of the bolt fixing plate, which can realize the deadweight drop hammer impact and horizontal pendulum impact. At the same time, it can also apply axial pressure impact test. Through the cooperation of the two devices, multi-directional and multi-angle tests can be realized.

[0032] The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various deformations and changes. Any modifications, improvements and equivalent substitutions made within the concept and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multifunctional impact test device, characterized by: It comprises a bolt fixing plate (1) laid on the ground, an impact frame (2) is installed on the bolt fixing plate (1), a sling with a drop hammer body (5) suspended thereon is wound around the top of the impact frame (2), the two ends of the sling are respectively fixed to the drop hammer body (5) and the hoist, a horizontal test piece (19) is provided directly below the drop hammer body (5), and the two ends of the horizontal test piece (19) are fixed to the bolt fixing plate (1) via a lower pressure beam (3) and an upper pressure beam (4); A vertical test piece (21) is provided on a side of the horizontal test piece (19) away from the impact frame (2), a test piece foundation (17) is cast at the bottom of the vertical test piece (21), and the test piece foundation (17) is installed on the bolt fixing plate (1) via a pad (11); a concrete block (18) is cast on the top of the vertical test piece (21), and a plurality of steel sheets (16) are connected to the top surface of the concrete block (18) via a flange, the steel sheets (16) are connected to each other via bolts, and the topmost steel sheet is connected to the impact frame (2) via a suspension rope; A pendulum hammer body (8) is provided on a side of the vertical test piece (21) away from the impact frame (2); the top end of the pendulum hammer body (8) is mounted on a fixed axis rotating device (7) via a swing arm (9); the fixed axis rotating device (7) is fixed to the top end of the impact frame (2); the vertical test piece (21) is located on the swing track of the pendulum hammer body (8); one side of the pendulum hammer body (8) is connected to a steel frame (15) via a decoupling machine; the steel frame (15) is fixed to a bolt fixing plate (1) and faces the impact frame (2).

2. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed-axis rotating device (7) comprises at least two fixing frames (72) fixed to the top end of the impact frame (2), a through hole being formed in the center of the fixing frame (72), a horizontal fixed-axis rotating rod (73) passing through the through hole, two ends of the fixed-axis rotating rod (73) being fixed by nuts (71), and the fixed-axis rotating rod (73) being connected to the top end of the swing arm (9) by a bearing.

3. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lower pressure beam (3) is provided below both ends of the horizontal test piece (19), and the bottom plate of the lower pressure beam (3) is connected to the bolt fixing plate (1) through bolt reserved holes and short bolts (14); an upper pressure beam (4) is provided directly above the lower pressure beam (3), and the center lines of the upper pressure beam (4) and the lower pressure beam (3) projected on the ground coincide with each other, and bolt holes corresponding to the top plate position of the lower pressure beam (3) are provided on both sides of the upper pressure beam (4), and the upper pressure beam (4) is fixed to the lower pressure beam (3) through long bolts (13), and the end of the horizontal test piece (19) is clamped between the upper pressure beam (4) and the lower pressure beam (3).

4. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the pad (11) is mounted on the bolt fixing plate (1) via short bolts (14); a specimen foundation (17) is provided above the pad (11); and the four corners of the specimen foundation (17) are mounted on the bolt fixing plate (1) via long bolts (13) that penetrate the pad (11).

5. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal support arm (20) is installed in the middle section of each column of the impact frame (2), a loose suspension rope is installed between the two support arms (20), and the center of the suspension rope is connected to the uppermost steel sheet (16); The steel sheets (16) are connected by long bolts (13) that penetrate the steel sheets (16).

6. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt fixing plate (1) is provided with steel plate bolt holes (22), and the spacing between the steel plate bolt holes (22) is 100 mm.

7. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the impact frame (2) is provided with two impact frame limbs (12) with reserved holes, and the two impact frame limbs (12) are fixed to the bolt fixing plate (1) by bolts.

8. The multifunctional impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drop hammer head (6) is provided at the bottom of the drop hammer body (5), and a pendulum hammer head (10) is provided on a side of the pendulum hammer body (8) that is perpendicular to the test piece (21).

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