Supporting structure of steel truss and supporting method of steel truss

Abstract

The invention provides a steel truss supporting structure and a steel truss supporting method.The steel truss supporting structure comprises a support and a compensation component; the support is fixedly arranged on a foundation, the upper surface of the support is a plane extending in the horizontal direction, the steel truss is located above the support, the lower surface of the steel truss is a plane forming an included angle with the upper surface of the support, and a supporting space is formed between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support; the compensation components are arranged in the supporting space, the top ends of the compensation components are welded to the lower surface of the steel truss, the bottom ends of the compensation components are welded to the upper surface of the support, the heights of the compensation components in the vertical direction are different, and the at least two compensation components are sequentially arranged in the supporting space at intervals. According to the invention, the levelness and / or height of the steel truss can be adjusted, so that the mounting precision of the steel truss is effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a support structure for a steel truss and a support method for the steel truss. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of the connected structure of a bridge, in order to ensure the stability of the concrete structure and prevent it from collapsing, measures must be taken to effectively support the steel truss. Usually, the construction team will adopt a conventional construction method, that is, first firmly fix the support on the foundation. Subsequently, use hoisting equipment to lift the huge steel truss above the support and carry out precise docking and fixed connection. However, in actual construction operations, due to the extremely large volume and weight of the steel truss itself, it makes it extremely difficult to finely adjust the level and / or height of the steel truss. This difficulty in adjustment directly leads to less than ideal control of the installation accuracy of the steel truss, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of the entire bridge structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a support structure for a steel truss and a support method for the steel truss, which are beneficial to adjusting the level and / or height of the steel truss, and thereby effectively controlling the installation accuracy of the steel truss.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A support structure for a steel truss, used to support the steel truss, includes: a support and a compensation component;

[0006] The support is fixedly arranged on the foundation, and the upper surface of the support is a plane extending in the horizontal direction. The steel truss is located above the support. The lower surface of the steel truss is a plane forming an angle with the upper surface of the support, and a support space is formed between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support;

[0007] The compensation component is arranged in the support space, and the top end is welded to the lower surface of the steel truss, and the bottom end is welded to the upper surface of the support. The number of the compensation components is at least two and the heights in the vertical direction are different from each other. At least two of the compensation components are arranged at intervals in the support space, so as to adjust the angle formed by the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support and / or the distance between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support in the vertical direction by adjusting the positions of at least two of the compensation components in the support space.

[0008] Preferably, the support includes a frame body and a supporting body;

[0009] The supporting body is fixedly connected to the top end of the frame body, and the supporting surface is located on the supporting body.

[0010] Preferably, the supporting body is composed of steel sections arranged in sequence and fixedly connected together.

[0011] A supporting method for a steel truss, adopting a steel truss supporting structure with any technical features,

[0012] including: a preparation step of manufacturing a steel truss, a bracket, and at least two compensation components with different heights in the vertical direction;

[0013] An installation step of fixing the bracket on the foundation, then hoisting the steel truss above the bracket so that the lower surface of the steel truss faces the upper surface of the bracket to form a supporting space therebetween, and then arranging at least two compensation components into the supporting space, and adjusting the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket and / or the distance therebetween in the vertical direction by adjusting the positions of the at least two compensation components;

[0014] In the installation step, after the positions of the at least two compensation components are adjusted, the at least two non - upper components are welded on the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket.

[0015] Preferably, in the installation step, the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket and / or the distance therebetween in the vertical direction is measured in real time, and the compensation components are trimmed according to the measurement results.

[0016] Preferably, after the installation step, there is also a disassembly step of cutting off the compensation components located in the supporting space to separate the steel truss and the bracket.

[0017] Preferably, in the manufacturing step, the manufacturing of the bracket includes steps of respectively manufacturing a frame body and a supporting component, and fixedly connecting the supporting component to the top end of the frame body;

[0018] The manufacturing of the supporting component is formed by arranging and welding together multiple steel sections in sequence.

[0019] The supporting structure of the steel truss of the present invention adopts the technical solution of arranging at least two of the compensation components at intervals in the supporting space, and adjusting the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket and / or the distance between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket in the vertical direction by adjusting the positions of the at least two compensation components in the supporting space, which is beneficial to adjusting the levelness and / or height of the steel truss, and further effectively controlling the installation accuracy of the steel truss. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the support structure of the steel truss in Embodiment 1;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic flow chart of the support method for the steel truss in Embodiment 1.

[0022] In the figure: 1 - steel truss; 2 - support; 3 - compensation component; 4 - upper surface; 5 - lower surface; 6 - support space; 7 - frame body; 8 - bearing body. Specific implementation manners

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the support structure and support method of the steel truss of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, a support structure for a steel truss for supporting the steel truss 1 includes: a support 2 and a compensation component 3. The support 2 is fixedly arranged on the foundation (not shown in the figure), and the upper surface 4 of the support 2 is a plane extending in the horizontal direction. The steel truss 1 is located above the support 2. The lower surface 5 of the steel truss 1 is a plane forming an angle with the upper surface 4 of the support 2, and a support space 6 is formed between the lower surface 5 of the steel truss 1 and the upper surface 4 of the support 2. The compensation component 3 is arranged in the support space 6, and the top end is welded to the lower surface 5 of the steel truss 1, and the bottom end is welded to the upper surface 4 of the support 2. The number of the compensation components 3 is at least two and the heights in the vertical direction are different from each other. At least two compensation components 3 are arranged at intervals in the support space 6, so as to adjust the angle formed by the lower surface 5 of the steel truss 1 and the upper surface 4 of the support 2 and / or the distance between the lower surface 5 of the steel truss 1 and the upper surface 4 of the support 2 in the vertical direction by adjusting the positions of at least two compensation components 3 in the support space 6. It should be noted that in actual work, there are more than four compensation components 3 arranged in the support space 6 to ensure the stable support of the steel truss 1. By adopting such a technical solution, it is possible to facilitate the adjustment of the levelness and / or height of the steel truss, and thus effectively control the installation accuracy of the steel truss.

[0026] In actual production, the support 2 includes a frame body 7 and a supporting body 8. The supporting body 8 is fixedly connected to the top end of the frame body 7. The upper surface 4 of the support 2 is located on the supporting body 8. Among them, the supporting body 8 is composed of steel sections (such as I-beams) arranged in sequence and fixedly connected together. That is to say, the upper surface 4 of the support 2 is composed of steel sections arranged in sequence. During specific production, the steel sections arranged in sequence can be welded together, but it is not limited to this. Any other technical solution that can achieve the purpose of the invention can also be adopted. It should be noted that when it is necessary to disassemble the support 2 and the steel truss 1, only the supporting body 8 needs to be disconnected, which is beneficial to the disassembly between the two.

[0027] Embodiment 2

[0028] A support method for a steel truss, adopting the steel truss support structure described in Embodiment 1,

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, it includes: a preparation step of manufacturing a steel truss, a support, and at least two compensation components with different heights in the vertical direction. An installation step of fixing the support on the foundation, then lifting the steel truss above the support so that the lower surface of the steel truss faces the upper surface of the support to form a support space therebetween, and then arranging at least two compensation components into the support space, and adjusting the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support and / or the distance therebetween in the vertical direction by adjusting the positions of the at least two compensation components. Among them, in the installation step, after the positions of the at least two compensation components are adjusted, the at least two upper components are welded on the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support. Adopting such a technical solution can facilitate the adjustment of the levelness and / or height of the steel truss, and thus effectively control the installation accuracy of the steel truss.

[0030] Specifically, in the installation step, the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support and / or the distance therebetween in the vertical direction is measured in real time, and the compensation components are trimmed according to the measurement results. This can better control the installation accuracy of the steel truss.

[0031] Further, as Figure 2 shown, after the installation step, it further includes a disassembly step of cutting off the compensation components located in the support space to separate the steel truss and the support. Since in the prior art, in order to achieve the disassembly between the steel truss and the support, a lifting device (such as a sand box) is arranged on the support. In this embodiment, the steel truss and the support are disassembled by cutting off the compensation components, so there is no need to arrange a lifting device on the support, which greatly saves human and material resources. In actual work, the compensation components can be cut off by any achievable means such as electric welding

[0032] As an implementable manner, in the manufacturing steps, the fabrication of the bracket includes the steps of separately manufacturing the frame body and the supporting member, and fixedly connecting the supporting member to the top end of the frame body. The supporting member is fabricated by arranging and welding a plurality of profiled steels together in sequence.

[0033] In particular, in a specific scenario, in a manner directed to the above-mentioned preferred or replaceable manner, for the compensation member:

[0034] 1. Material preference and performance enhancement

[0035] The compensation member selects high-strength low-alloy steel (such as Q390, Q420, etc.) as the base material. Such steels not only have excellent yield strength and tensile strength, can stably bear the huge weight of the steel truss and various complex loads during construction, but also their good plasticity and toughness characteristics can effectively avoid sudden brittle fracture when deformed under stress, adding a solid guarantee for structural safety.

[0036] To further improve the durability of the compensation member, a hot-dip galvanizing treatment process is applied to its surface. In the high-temperature molten zinc bath, a dense and uniform zinc layer protective film will form on the surface of the compensation member. This protective film can not only effectively resist the erosion of rainwater, moisture, chemical substances, etc. in the external environment, but also prevent mechanical damage to a certain extent, greatly extending the service life of the compensation member during the long-term use of the bridge project and significantly reducing the later maintenance cost.

[0037] At the same time, in order to enhance the performance of the steel in special environments, microalloying treatment is also carried out on it. By adding trace amounts of alloying elements such as niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), etc., the grain structure of the steel is refined, further improving the strength, toughness and fatigue resistance of the steel, making it more adaptable to the complex and changeable stress conditions in bridge engineering.

[0038] 2. High customization and ultra-precision machining

[0039] In the manufacturing process of the compensation member, strictly according to the precise design requirements of the steel truss and the possible range of slight deviations during the actual installation process, the height of each compensation member is customized individually. With the help of advanced high-precision machining equipment, such as high-precision five-axis linkage CNC lathes and nano-level precision grinders, the height error of the compensation member is strictly controlled within a very small range (accurate to ±0.2 mm).

[0040] To ensure that the height differences between multiple compensation components can precisely meet the requirements for fine-tuning the levelness and height of the steel truss, computer-aided design (CAD) software is fully utilized in the design stage for refined simulation and in-depth calculation. By establishing a detailed three-dimensional model, the stress and deformation conditions of the steel truss under different height combinations are simulated, and through repeated optimization and adjustment, a scientific and reasonable height sequence is finally determined.

[0041] In addition, the two end faces of the compensation components are processed with ultra-precision. Advanced surface grinding technology is adopted to make the flatness of the two end faces reach an extremely high standard (the flatness error does not exceed 0.1 mm), and the surface roughness is controlled below Ra0.8. Such high-precision processing provides an almost perfect basic condition for the high-quality welding with the steel truss and the bracket in the subsequent process.

[0042] 3. Exquisite Structural Design and Connection Optimization and Upgrade

[0043] The compensation components adopt a box-section structure. This structural form has excellent bending and torsional resistance performance, and can efficiently and stably transfer various loads between the steel truss and the bracket, ensuring the stability of the entire support system.

[0044] Unique and complex connection structures are set at the top and bottom of the compensation components. In addition to the conventional standard welding grooves, large-radius transition fillets and multi-layer reinforcing rib plates are innovatively added. The large-radius transition fillets can greatly reduce the stress concentration phenomenon, and even under extreme loads or repeated loads, the generation and expansion of cracks can be effectively avoided; the multi-layer reinforcing rib plates further enhance the strength and stiffness of the end of the compensation components from multiple directions, significantly improving the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0045] In terms of the welding process, pulsed gas shielded welding (such as pulsed carbon dioxide gas shielded welding) technology is adopted, and high-quality welding wires that highly match the steel are carefully selected. At the same time, strict compliance with high-standard welding process parameters and procedures, and real-time monitoring and precise control of the welding process are carried out to ensure that the welding quality reaches the first-class weld standard of the highest grade, realizing a firm and reliable connection between the compensation components and the steel truss and the bracket.

[0046] 4. Intelligent Numbering and Precise Positioning System

[0047] To achieve the efficient and accurate use of compensation components during the installation process, each compensation component is given a unique intelligent number, and a detailed and comprehensive digital file is established. Key information such as the height, material, processing technology, and mechanical properties of the compensation components is detailedly recorded in the file, and is stored and read in the form of two-dimensional codes or RFID tags, facilitating construction personnel to consult and manage at any time.

[0048] Meanwhile, a high-precision three-dimensional positioning system was constructed within the support space. This system comprehensively utilized advanced measuring devices such as laser rangefinders, total stations, and high-precision gyroscopes. By precisely marking a series of positioning points on the upper surface of the support and the lower surface of the steel truss, real-time and accurate monitoring and adjustment of the position of the compensation components were achieved. Before installation, using advanced construction simulation software, based on the actual situation of the steel truss and the measurement data, an installation plan for the compensation components accurate to the millimeter level was formulated, clarifying the installation position, angle, and sequence of each compensation component to ensure the efficiency and high precision of the installation process.

[0049] Specifically, the detailed implementation of the high-precision three-dimensional positioning system is as follows:

[0050] 1. Equipment Selection and Installation

[0051] Laser Rangefinder: A pulsed laser rangefinder with high-precision and high-frequency measurement capabilities was selected, such as models like Leica DISTO X3, with a ranging accuracy of up to ±1 mm. The laser rangefinder was installed on a stable tripod, and the tripod should be fixed at a stable position around the support space and not affected by construction interference. The tripod was adjusted using a level to make the laser rangefinder in a horizontal state. The laser rangefinder was connected to the data acquisition device (such as an industrial tablet computer) to ensure normal data transmission.

[0052] Total Station: A total station with automatic target recognition and high-precision measurement functions was adopted, such as Topcon GPT-1000i, etc. The total station was placed on a control point with known coordinates, and through centering and leveling operations, it was accurately aligned with the control point. Using the orientation function of the total station, the measurement coordinate system was determined according to the known azimuth angle. At the same time, the measurement parameters of the total station, such as the ranging mode and angle measurement accuracy, were set to meet the high-precision measurement requirements.

[0053] High-Precision Gyroscope: An optical fiber gyroscope with high precision and good stability was selected, such as ADIS16505, etc. The gyroscope was installed near the center of gravity of the steel truss, and through rigid connection, it was ensured to move synchronously with the steel truss. A shielded cable was used to connect the gyroscope to the data processing unit to reduce the influence of electromagnetic interference on the data.

[0054] 2. Positioning Point Marking and Measurement

[0055] Positioning Points on the Upper Surface of the Support: Positioning points were marked on the upper surface of the support at a certain grid spacing (such as 500 mm × 500 mm). High-precision drilling equipment was used to drill holes with a diameter of 5 mm and a depth of 10 mm on the support, and then stainless steel positioning pins with cross marks were inserted and fixed with structural adhesive. The total station was used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each positioning point. When measuring, the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements was adopted to improve the measurement accuracy. The measurement formula is:

[0056] Where S is the inclined distance from the total station to the positioning point, α is the horizontal angle, β is the vertical angle, and H 0 is the height of the instrument of the total station.

[0057] Positioning points on the lower surface of the steel truss: Mark the positioning points at the positions on the lower surface of the steel truss corresponding to the positioning points on the upper surface of the support. The method of pasting reflective sheets can be used. Use a laser rangefinder to measure the vertical distance from the positioning point on the lower surface of the steel truss to the corresponding positioning point on the upper surface of the support. At the same time, combine the coordinates of the positioning points measured by the total station to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning points on the lower surface of the steel truss.

[0058] 3. Data fusion and processing algorithm

[0059] Establish a data fusion model to fuse and process the data collected by the laser rangefinder, total station, and gyroscope. Use the Kalman filter algorithm to filter the data to eliminate measurement noise and interference and improve the accuracy and stability of the data. The basic formula of the Kalman filter algorithm is as follows:

[0060] Prediction step:

[0061]

[0062] Update step:

[0063]

[0064] P k|k = I - K k H k )P k|k-1

[0065] Where, is the predicted value of the state at the previous moment, is the estimated value of the state at the previous moment, F k is the state transition matrix, B k is the control input matrix, u k is the control input, P k|k-1 is the predicted covariance at the previous moment, P k-1|k-1 is the estimated covariance at the previous moment, Q k is the process noise covariance, K k is the Kalman gain, H k is the observation matrix, z k is the observed value, R k is the observation noise covariance, is the estimated value of the state at the current moment, P k|k is the estimated covariance at the current moment.

[0066] Through data fusion and processing, the deviation between the actual position and the target position of the compensation component is calculated in real time, providing accurate data support for adjusting the compensation component.

[0067] In particular, the installation details of the compensation component are as follows:

[0068] 1. Selection of construction simulation software and model establishment

[0069] Select professional construction simulation software, such as Revit, Navisworks, etc. According to the design drawings of the steel truss, support and compensation component, establish an accurate three-dimensional model in the software. The model should include detailed information such as the geometric dimensions, material properties, and connection relationships of each component.

[0070] Import the actual three-dimensional coordinate data of the support and steel truss measured by the high-precision three-dimensional positioning system into the construction simulation software, and calibrate the model to make it consistent with the actual structure.

[0071] 2. Simulation analysis and scheme optimization algorithm

[0072] Use the simulation analysis function of the construction simulation software to simulate the installation process of the compensation component. According to the actual situation and measurement data of the steel truss, set different installation parameters, such as the installation position, angle, and sequence of the compensation component, etc.

[0073] Adopt optimization algorithms, such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, etc., to optimize the installation scheme of the compensation component. Taking the minimum horizontal and height errors of the steel truss as the objective function, establish a mathematical model:

[0074] minf(x)=w 1 ×Δh+w 2 ×Δθ

[0075] where f(x) is the objective function, x is the installation parameter vector of the compensation component, Δh is the height error of the steel truss, Δθ is the horizontal error of the steel truss, w 1 and w 2 are weight coefficients, which are determined according to the actual engineering requirements.

[0076] Through multiple simulations and optimizations, find the optimal installation scheme of the compensation component to make the installation accuracy of the steel truss reach the millimeter level.

[0077] Through the above detailed implementation details of technological innovation, technicians can construct a high-precision three-dimensional positioning system according to the steps, formulate an accurate installation scheme for the compensation component, and use the corresponding algorithms and formulas for data processing and scheme optimization, so as to achieve the efficient and high-precision installation of the steel truss support structure.

[0078] When designing the compensation components, the adjustable requirements in extreme cases are fully considered. In addition to fine-tuning the steel truss by regularly adjusting its position in the support space, intelligent telescopic structures are also set on the compensation components at some key positions. This telescopic structure adopts an advanced hydraulic or electric drive system, combined with a high-precision displacement sensor and control system, and can adjust the height of the compensation component in real time and accurately within a certain range (±50mm) according to actual needs.

[0079] Meanwhile, in order to adapt to different construction environments and complex working conditions, such as extreme cases like large temperature changes, strong wind effects, earthquakes, etc., the design of the compensation components also incorporates advanced shock absorption and seismic isolation technologies. By setting special shock absorption devices (such as rubber shock pads, viscoelastic dampers, etc.) inside the compensation components, it can effectively absorb and dissipate external energy, reducing the impact of environmental factors on the steel truss support system. In addition, the influence of temperature deformation is fully considered in material selection and structural design. By reasonably reserving expansion joints and using materials with matching thermal expansion coefficients, it is ensured that the compensation components can maintain stable performance under various temperature conditions and always provide reliable and accurate support and adjustment for the steel truss.

[0080] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A steel truss support structure, used to support the steel truss (1), characterized in that: include: A bracket (2) and a compensating component (3); The support (2) is fixedly arranged on a foundation, and the upper surface (4) of the support (2) is a plane extending in a horizontal direction, the steel truss (1) is located above the support (2), and the lower surface (5) of the steel truss (1) is a plane forming an angle with the upper surface (4) of the support (2), and a support space (6) is formed between the lower surface (5) of the steel truss (1) and the upper surface (4) of the support (2); The compensating component (3) is arranged in the supporting space (6), and the top end is welded to the lower surface (5) of the steel truss (1), and the bottom end is welded to the upper surface (4) of the bracket (2). The number of the compensating components (3) is at least two, and the heights in the vertical direction are different from each other. At least two of the compensating components (3) are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the supporting space (6), so as to adjust the angle formed by the lower surface (5) of the steel truss (1) and the upper surface (4) of the bracket (2) and / or the distance in the vertical direction between the lower surface (5) of the steel truss (1) and the upper surface (4) of the bracket (2) by adjusting the positions of at least two of the compensating components (3) in the supporting space (6).

2. The steel truss support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (2) comprises a frame body (7) and a supporting body (8); The supporting body (8) is fixedly connected to the top end of the frame body (7), and the upper surface (4) of the bracket (2) is located on the supporting body (8).

3. The steel truss support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting body (8) is composed of steel sections that are arranged in sequence and fixedly connected together.

4. A method for supporting a steel truss, using the steel truss supporting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: A preparation step of manufacturing a steel truss, a bracket and at least two compensating components having different heights in the vertical direction; The installation step includes fixing the support on the foundation, and then hoisting the steel truss above the support so that the lower surface of the steel truss faces the upper surface of the support to form a support space therebetween, and then arranging at least two compensation components in the support space, and adjusting the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support and / or the distance between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the support by adjusting the positions of the at least two compensation components; In the installation step, after the positions of the at least two compensation components are adjusted, the at least two upper components are welded to the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket.

5. The method for supporting a steel truss according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the installation step, the angle between the lower surface of the steel truss and the upper surface of the bracket and / or the distance between the two in the vertical direction are measured in real time, and the compensation component is trimmed according to the measurement results.

6. The method for supporting a steel truss according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the installation step, a disassembly step is also included, in which the compensation component located in the support space is cut off to separate the steel truss and the bracket.

7. The method for supporting a steel truss according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the manufacturing step, the manufacturing of the bracket includes the steps of separately manufacturing the frame body and the supporting component, and fixing the supporting component to the top of the frame body; The supporting component is made by arranging a plurality of steel sections in sequence and welding them together.

Images