Fermentation equipment and production process of straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to fermentation equipment and a production process of a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer, the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation tank assembly, the outer wall of the fermentation tank assembly is provided with a temperature control assembly and a stacking structure, the temperature control assembly realizes accurate temperature control through a temperature detection unit, a main control unit and the like, and the stacking structure can realize vertical stacking of multiple groups of fermentation tank assemblies; the production process comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, microbial inoculum activation, mixed inoculation, temperature-controlled fermentation, after-ripening treatment, screening, enveloping and the like. According to the invention, the problems of inaccurate temperature control, low space utilization rate and existing production process of the existing equipment are solved, the fermentation efficiency and the organic fertilizer quality are improved, and good economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production equipment, and in particular to a fermentation device and production process for a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] With the sustainable development of agriculture, the application of biological organic fertilizer is becoming more and more extensive. Straw biochar enzyme residue biological organic fertilizer can effectively utilize agricultural waste, realize the recycling of resources, improve soil structure, and increase crop yield and quality. However, there are many problems with the existing straw biochar enzyme residue biological organic fertilizer fermentation equipment and production process. On the one hand, the traditional fermentation equipment lacks precise temperature control devices, and it is difficult to maintain the optimal temperature at different stages of the fermentation process, resulting in low fermentation efficiency, inhibition of microbial activity, and affecting the quality of organic fertilizer; on the other hand, the space utilization rate of the equipment is low and cannot meet the needs of large-scale production. In terms of production technology, the raw material pretreatment is not fine enough, the mixed inoculation is uneven, the temperature, humidity, ventilation and other parameters in the fermentation process are not accurately controlled, and there is a lack of effective technical means in the post-ripening treatment and screening and coating links, which makes the quality of the finished organic fertilizer uneven and difficult to meet the market's requirements for high-quality biological organic fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention mainly aims at the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and provides a fermentation device and a production process of straw biochar enzyme residue biological organic fertilizer.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following solutions: A fermentation device for straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer, comprising a fermentation tank assembly, the fermentation tank assembly comprising a container body, a detachable top cover is provided on the top of the container body, a temperature control assembly is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the container body, the temperature control assembly comprises a bracket, a temperature detection unit, a sensor probe, a main control unit, a heating sleeve and a heat insulation layer; wherein the bracket is rigidly connected to the outer wall of the container body, the temperature detection unit collects temperature data inside the container body in real time through the sensor probe, and transmits the signal to the main control unit; the main control unit drives the heating element in the heating sleeve according to the temperature data, and reduces heat energy loss through the heat insulation layer; A stacking structure is arranged outside the fermentation tank assembly, and the stacking structure comprises an upper support plate, a lower support plate and a positioning groove, and is used to realize vertical stacking and stabilization of multiple groups of fermentation tank assemblies.

[0005] Preferably, the surface of the bracket is provided with embedded card slots adapted to the temperature detection unit and the main control unit, and the two are fixed to the bracket by snapping; one end of the sensor probe passes through the through holes of the container body and the bracket and extends into the container, and the other end is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit; electrical signal transmission is achieved between the main control unit and the heating sleeve through a heat-resistant cable.

[0006] Preferably, the heating sleeve is an annular structure, tightly covering the outer wall of the container body in a circumferential direction; a spiral nickel-chromium alloy heating wire is embedded inside it, and an insulating layer is covered on the outside; the insulating layer is filled with aluminum silicate fiber material and fixed to the surface of the heating sleeve by a fastening belt.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom surface of the upper support plate of the stacked structure is provided with a positioning groove matching the shape of the top cover, and the top surface of the lower support plate is provided with an annular groove adapted to the outer diameter of the insulation layer; the bottom surface of the lower support plate is further provided with a positioning groove with a trapezoidal cross-section, and the top surface of the upper support plate is correspondingly provided with a trapezoidal boss, and the two are locked against deviation during stacking through a mortise and tenon structure.

[0008] Preferably, the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate are made of high-density oak, and the surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating; the depth of the positioning groove is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the lower supporting plate, and the inner wall of the groove is provided with anti-slip stripes.

[0009] Preferably, the main control unit integrates a proportional-integral-differential (PID) temperature control algorithm, which can dynamically adjust the output power of the heating sleeve according to a set temperature rise curve and has an automatic overheating cut-off protection function.

[0010] A production process of straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1, raw material pretreatment: crush the straw into biochar particles with a particle size of ≤5mm, dehydrate the enzyme residue to a moisture content of ≤45%, and mix the biochar and enzyme residue in a mass ratio of 3:1-5:1; S2, bacterial agent activation: the composite bacterial agent is mixed with 30-35°C warm water at a ratio of 1:20 for activation, wherein the composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and Trichoderma, and the effective viable bacterial count is ≥5×10^8 CFU / g; S3, mixed inoculation: spray the activated bacterial agent at a mass ratio of 2-3% into the mixture of step S1, and add humic acid accounting for 1-2% of the total amount as a fermentation aid, and stir until the moisture content is 55-60%; S4, temperature-controlled fermentation: the mixed material is loaded into the fermentation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the fermentation temperature curve is set by the main control unit: the temperature is raised to 55±2°C for 0-24h, maintained at 60±2°C for 24-72h, and cooled to 50±2°C for 72-120h, and the compost is turned through the top cover every 24h during the fermentation process; S5, post-ripening treatment: After the fermentation is completed, the material is transferred to the aging warehouse, piled to a height of 1.2-1.5m, covered with a breathable film for 7-10 days of post-ripening, during which the pile is turned every 48 hours; S6, screening and coating: the ripened materials are graded through a 3mm sieve, and 2% diatomaceous earth is added to the sieved materials for anti-caking coating treatment to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0011] Preferably, the biochar in step S1 is made by oxygen-limited pyrolysis of corn stalks at 500-600°C, with a specific surface area ≥ 200m² / g; the enzyme residue is the residue after enzyme extraction from fruit and vegetable fermentation, with an organic matter content ≥ 65%.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the fermentation equipment stacking structure adopts 3-5 groups of vertical stacking, the loading capacity of each layer of fermentation tank components does not exceed 80% of the volume of the container body, and adjacent layers are arranged at a 90° angle through positioning grooves to balance the load.

[0013] Preferably, the main control unit in step S4 dynamically adjusts the power of the heating sleeve according to the PID algorithm. When the temperature detected by the sensor probe deviates from the set value by ±3°C, the overheating protection is automatically triggered and the sound and light alarm is started. During the fermentation process, the volatile gas is purified by the built-in activated carbon filter element in the top cover and then discharged.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: (1) The present invention can accurately control the fermentation temperature according to the set temperature rise curve through the coordinated work of the temperature detection unit, the sensor probe and the main control unit, combined with the PID temperature control algorithm, to provide an optimal growth environment for microorganisms, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency and the quality of organic fertilizer; (2) The heat insulation layer of the outer layer of the heating sleeve in the present invention is filled with aluminum silicate fiber material, which effectively reduces heat energy loss, reduces energy consumption, and reduces production costs; (3) The design of the stacking structure in the present invention enables multiple groups of fermentation tank assemblies to be stacked vertically, greatly improving space utilization and meeting the needs of large-scale production. At the same time, the mortise and tenon joint structure of the upper support plate and the lower support plate and the design of the positioning groove ensure stability and anti-deviability during stacking; (4) The main control unit of the present invention has an overheating automatic cut-off protection function, which can cut off the power supply in time when the temperature is abnormal to avoid safety accidents. In addition, the embedded card slot and buckle fixing method on the bracket, as well as the use of heat-resistant cables, all improve the safety and reliability of the equipment; (5) The present invention performs fine pretreatment on the straw and enzyme residue, controls the particle size of biochar particles and the moisture content of the enzyme residue, and mixes them in a suitable ratio, which provides a good foundation for subsequent fermentation and is beneficial to improving the quality of organic fertilizer; (6) The reasonable activation and mixed inoculation method of the bacterial agent of the present invention ensures the uniform distribution of microorganisms in the material, fully exerts the role of microorganisms, and promotes the smooth progress of the fermentation process; (7) The present invention strictly controls various parameters in the fermentation process by setting an accurate fermentation temperature curve and regularly ventilating and turning the compost, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the fermentation and improving the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer; (8) The optimization of the post-ripening treatment and screening and coating steps of the present invention further improves the quality of the organic fertilizer, making it have good physical properties and storage performance, and meeting the market requirements for high-quality biological organic fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fermentation equipment in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fermentation equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the fermentation equipment in the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 01: fermentation tank assembly; 11: container body; 12: top cover; 02: temperature control component; 21: bracket; 22: temperature detection unit; 23: sensor probe; 24: main control unit; 25: heating sleeve; 26: thermal insulation layer; 03: stacked structure; 31: upper support plate; 32: lower support plate; 33: positioning groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any form of modification and / or change made to the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-4As shown, the present invention discloses a technical solution, a fermentation device for a straw biochar enzyme residue biological organic fertilizer, comprising a fermentation tank assembly 01, the fermentation tank assembly 01 comprises a container body 11, a detachable top cover 12 is provided on the top of the container body 11, a temperature control assembly 02 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the container body 11, and the temperature control assembly 02 comprises a bracket 21, a temperature detection unit 22, a sensor probe 23, a main control unit 24, a heating sleeve 25 and a heat insulation layer 26; wherein the bracket 21 is rigidly connected to the outer wall of the container body 11, the temperature detection unit 22 collects the internal temperature data of the container body 11 in real time through the sensor probe 23, and transmits the signal to the main control unit 24; the main control unit 24 drives the heating element in the heating sleeve 25 according to the temperature data, and reduces the heat energy loss through the heat insulation layer 26; a stacking structure 03 is configured on the outer side of the fermentation tank assembly 01, and the stacking structure 03 comprises an upper support plate 31, a lower support plate 32 and a positioning groove 33, which is used to realize the vertical stacking and stability of multiple groups of fermentation tank assemblies 01.

[0019] Specifically, the surface of the bracket 21 is provided with an embedded card slot adapted to the temperature detection unit 22 and the main control unit 24, and the two are fixed to the bracket 21 by snapping; one end of the sensor probe 23 passes through the through holes of the container body 11 and the bracket 21 and extends into the container, and the other end is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit 22; electrical signal transmission is realized between the main control unit 24 and the heating sleeve 25 through a heat-resistant cable.

[0020] The container body 11 of the fermentation tank assembly 01 is made of cylindrical stainless steel, with a diameter of 1.5 meters and a height of 2 meters. The removable top cover 12 on the top is connected to the container body 11 by bolts, which is convenient for adding and stirring materials. The surface of the bracket 21 is provided with an embedded card slot adapted to the temperature detection unit 22 and the main control unit 24. The size of the card slot accurately matches the shape of the equipment. The temperature detection unit 22 and the main control unit 24 are fixed to the bracket 21 by snapping. After installation, the surface of the equipment is flat, which is convenient for operation and maintenance. The sensor probe 23 uses a high-temperature resistant PT100 temperature sensor, one end of which passes through a through hole with a diameter of 8 mm pre-opened in the container body 11 and the bracket 21 and extends to the inside of the container to ensure that the collected temperature data is representative. The other end is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit 22 through a waterproof connector. The main control unit 24 uses a programmable logic controller with model PLC-S7-200, and electrical signals are transmitted between the main control unit 24 and the heating sleeve 25 through a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber insulated cable. The cable length is reasonably set according to the equipment layout to ensure stable signal transmission and avoid entanglement.

[0021] Specifically, the heating sleeve 25 is an annular structure, tightly covering the outer wall of the container body 11 circumferentially; a spiral nickel-chromium alloy heating wire is embedded inside it, and the outer layer is covered with an insulation layer 26; the insulation layer 26 is filled with aluminum silicate fiber material and fixed to the surface of the heating sleeve 25 by a fastening belt.

[0022] Specifically, the bottom surface of the upper supporting plate 31 of the stacking structure 03 is provided with a positioning groove matching the shape of the top cover 12, and the top surface of the lower supporting plate 32 is provided with an annular groove adapted to the outer diameter of the insulation layer 26; the bottom surface of the lower supporting plate 32 is further provided with a positioning groove 33 with a trapezoidal cross-section, and the top surface of the upper supporting plate 31 is correspondingly provided with a trapezoidal boss, and the two are locked against deviation during stacking through a mortise and tenon structure.

[0023] Specifically, the upper supporting plate 31 and the lower supporting plate 32 are made of high-density oak, and the surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating; the depth of the positioning groove 33 is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the lower supporting plate 32, and the inner wall of the groove is provided with anti-slip stripes.

[0024] Specifically, the main control unit 24 integrates a proportional-integral-differential PID temperature control algorithm, which can dynamically adjust the output power of the heating sleeve 25 according to the set temperature rise curve, and has an automatic overheating cut-off protection function. In actual applications, the heating rate is set to 2°C per hour. When the temperature is close to the set value, the main control unit 24 automatically adjusts the power of the heating sleeve 25 to make the temperature reach the set value steadily. At the same time, the main control unit 24 has an automatic overheating cut-off protection function. When the sensor probe 23 detects that the temperature exceeds the set value by 10°C, the power supply of the heating sleeve 25 is automatically cut off, and the sound and light alarm device is activated to ensure equipment and production safety.

[0025] The present invention also discloses another technical solution, a production process of straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1, raw material pretreatment: crush the straw into biochar particles with a particle size of ≤5mm, dehydrate the enzyme residue to a moisture content of ≤45%, and mix the biochar and enzyme residue in a mass ratio of 3:1-5:1; S2, bacterial agent activation: Mix the composite bacterial agent with 30-35℃ warm water at a ratio of 1:20 for activation. The composite bacterial agent contains Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and Trichoderma, and the effective viable bacterial count is ≥5×10^8 CFU / g; S3, mixed inoculation: spray the activated bacterial agent at a mass ratio of 2-3% into the mixture of step S1, and add humic acid accounting for 1-2% of the total amount as a fermentation aid, and stir until the moisture content is 55-60%; S4, temperature-controlled fermentation: the mixed material is loaded into the fermentation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the fermentation temperature curve is set by the main control unit 24: the temperature is raised to 55±2°C for 0-24h, maintained at 60±2°C for 24-72h, and cooled to 50±2°C for 72-120h, and the compost is turned through the top cover 12 every 24h during the fermentation process; S5, post-ripening treatment: After the fermentation is completed, the material is transferred to the aging warehouse, piled to a height of 1.2-1.5m, covered with a breathable film for 7-10 days of post-ripening, during which the pile is turned every 48 hours; S6, screening and coating: the ripened materials are graded through a 3mm sieve, and 2% diatomaceous earth is added to the sieved materials for anti-caking coating treatment to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0026] Specifically, in step S1, the biochar is made by oxygen-limited pyrolysis of corn stalks at 500-600°C, with a specific surface area of ​​≥200m² / g; the enzyme residue is the residue after enzymes are extracted from fruit and vegetable fermentation, with an organic matter content of ≥65%.

[0027] Specifically, in step S4, the fermentation equipment stacking structure 03 is vertically stacked in 3-5 groups, the loading capacity of each layer of fermentation tank components 01 does not exceed 80% of the volume of the container body 11, and adjacent layers are staggered at 90° through positioning grooves 33 to balance the load.

[0028] Specifically, in step S4, the main control unit 24 dynamically adjusts the power of the heating sleeve 25 according to the PID algorithm. When the temperature detected by the sensor probe 23 deviates from the set value by ±3°C, the overheat protection is automatically triggered and the sound and light alarm is started. During the fermentation process, the volatile gas is purified by the built-in activated carbon filter element in the top cover 12 and then discharged.

[0029] In the raw material pretreatment workshop, a hammer mill with model SFSP56×40 is used to crush corn straw into biochar particles with a particle size of ≤5mm. The corn straw is pyrolyzed at 550℃ under oxygen-limited conditions to make biochar. The pyrolysis equipment adopts a continuous carbonization furnace with model LY-1000. The oxygen content is strictly controlled at 3%-5% during the pyrolysis process. The specific surface area of ​​the prepared biochar is tested to be 220m² / g. The residue after fruit and vegetable fermentation and enzyme extraction is dehydrated using a horizontal screw centrifuge with model LW350-N to reduce the moisture content to 42%. The organic matter content of the enzyme residue is tested to be 68%. Biochar and enzyme residue are weighed at a mass ratio of 4:1 and mixed using a horizontal mixer with model HJJ-100. The stirring speed is 60r / min and the stirring time is 15 minutes to ensure uniform mixing.

[0030] In the sterile operation room, pour the composite bacterial agent (including Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and Trichoderma, with an effective live bacterial count ≥5×10^8 CFU / g) and 32°C warm water in a ratio of 1:20 into the stirring container of a JJ-1 precision power-enhanced electric stirrer. Set the stirring speed to 200r / min and activate for 30 minutes to allow the bacterial agent to fully dissolve and revive.

[0031] The activated bacterial agent was evenly sprayed into the mixture of step S1 at a mass ratio of 2.5% through a high-pressure sprayer of model W-2000, and 1.5% of humic acid was added as a fermentation aid. A double-shaft paddle mixer of model SDB-20 was used for stirring at a stirring speed of 80r / min and a stirring time of 20 minutes to make the moisture content of the material reach 58%, ensuring that the bacterial agent and the fermentation aid were evenly distributed in the material.

[0032] The mixed material is loaded into the fermentation equipment, and the loading capacity of each layer of the fermentation tank assembly 01 is 75% of the volume of the container body 11. A total of 4 groups of fermentation tank assemblies 01 are stacked vertically, and the adjacent layers are arranged at a 90° angle through the positioning grooves 33 to balance the load. The fermentation temperature curve is set by the main control unit 24: the temperature is raised to 55°C in 0-24h. During the heating process, the main control unit 24 dynamically adjusts the power of the heating sleeve 25 through the PID algorithm according to the temperature data fed back by the sensor probe 23, so that the temperature rises steadily; 60°C is maintained for 24-72h, during which the top cover 12 is opened every 24h through the electric push rod device on the top cover 12, and a GJ-10 rake-type compost turning machine is used for ventilation and compost turning. The compost turning depth is 0.8m to ensure that the material is fully exposed to oxygen and promote microbial fermentation; the temperature is reduced to 50°C in 72-120h, and the temperature is reduced by closing the heating sleeve 25 and turning on the cooling fan at the bottom of the fermentation tank assembly 01. The cooling fan has a power of 1kW and a speed of 1450r / min. When the temperature detected by the sensor probe 23 deviates from the set value by ±3°C, the main control unit 24 automatically triggers the overheat protection and starts the sound and light alarm, and adjusts the power of the heating sleeve 25 or the speed of the cooling fan to restore the temperature to normal. The volatile gas generated during the fermentation process is purified by the activated carbon filter built into the top cover 12 before being discharged. The activated carbon filter model is HJ-100 and is replaced every 3 months to ensure that the exhaust gas meets environmental protection standards.

[0033] After fermentation, the material is transferred to the aging bin using a DT-10 belt conveyor with a pile height of 1.3m and covered with a breathable film for 8 days of post-ripening. During this period, the material is turned every 48 hours using a FC-20 forklift compost turner with a turning depth of 0.6m to further mature the material and improve the stability and fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer.

[0034] The ripened material was graded with a 3mm mesh through a vibrating screen of model S49-1250, 2% diatomaceous earth was added to the screened material, and anti-caking coating was carried out through a rotary drum coating machine of model BM-50, with a coating speed of 10r / min and a processing time of 15 minutes to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer. After testing, the effective viable bacteria count of the finished bio-organic fertilizer was ≥2×10^8CFU / g, and the organic matter content was ≥45%, and all indicators met the relevant national standards.

[0035] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer fermentation device, comprising a fermentation tank assembly (01), wherein the fermentation tank assembly (01) comprises a container body (11), and a detachable top cover (12) is provided on the top of the container body (11), characterized in that: A temperature control component (02) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the container body (11), and the temperature control component (02) comprises a bracket (21), a temperature detection unit (22), a sensor probe (23), a main control unit (24), a heating sleeve (25) and a heat insulation layer (26); wherein the bracket (21) is rigidly connected to the outer wall of the container body (11); the temperature detection unit (22) collects temperature data inside the container body (11) in real time through the sensor probe (23), and transmits the signal to the main control unit (24); the main control unit (24) drives a heating element in the heating sleeve (25) according to the temperature data, and reduces heat energy loss through the heat insulation layer (26); A stacking structure (03) is arranged outside the fermentation tank assembly (01), and the stacking structure (03) comprises an upper support plate (31), a lower support plate (32) and a positioning groove (33), and is used to realize vertical stacking and stabilization of multiple groups of fermentation tank assemblies (01).

2. The fermentation equipment of a straw biochar enzyme residue biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the bracket (21) is provided with an embedded card slot adapted to the temperature detection unit (22) and the main control unit (24), and the two are fixed to the bracket (21) by snapping; one end of the sensor probe (23) passes through the through holes of the container body (11) and the bracket (21) and extends into the container, and the other end is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit (22); the main control unit (24) and the heating sleeve (25) are connected to realize electrical signal transmission through a heat-resistant cable.

3. The fermentation equipment of a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating sleeve (25) is an annular structure, tightly covering the outer wall of the container body (11) in a circumferential distribution; a spiral nickel-chromium alloy heating wire is embedded inside, and the outer layer is covered with a heat insulation layer (26); the heat insulation layer (26) is filled with aluminum silicate fiber material and is fixed to the surface of the heating sleeve (25) by a fastening belt.

4. The fermentation equipment of a straw biochar enzyme residue biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support plate (31) of the stacked structure (03) has a bottom surface provided with a positioning groove matching the shape of the top cover (12), and the top surface of the lower support plate (32) has an annular groove matching the outer diameter of the thermal insulation layer (26); the bottom surface of the lower support plate (32) is further provided with a positioning groove (33) with a trapezoidal cross-section, and the top surface of the upper support plate (31) is correspondingly provided with a trapezoidal boss, and the two are locked to prevent deviation during stacking through a mortise and tenon structure.

5. The fermentation equipment of a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper supporting plate (31) and the lower supporting plate (32) are made of high-density oak, and the surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating; the depth of the positioning groove (33) is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the lower supporting plate (32), and the inner wall of the groove is provided with anti-slip stripes.

6. A fermentation equipment for producing straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The main control unit (24) integrates a proportional-integral-differential (PID) temperature control algorithm, can dynamically adjust the output power of the heating sleeve (25) according to a set temperature rise curve, and has an overheating automatic cut-off protection function.

7. A production process of straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, raw material pretreatment: crush the straw into biochar particles with a particle size of ≤5mm, dehydrate the enzyme residue to a moisture content of ≤45%, and mix the biochar and enzyme residue in a mass ratio of 3:1-5:1; S2, bacterial agent activation: the composite bacterial agent is mixed with 30-35°C warm water at a ratio of 1:20 for activation, wherein the composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and Trichoderma, and the effective viable bacterial count is ≥5×10^8 CFU / g; S3, mixed inoculation: spray the activated bacterial agent at a mass ratio of 2-3% into the mixture of step S1, and add humic acid accounting for 1-2% of the total amount as a fermentation aid, and stir until the moisture content is 55-60%; S4, temperature-controlled fermentation: the mixed material is loaded into the fermentation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the fermentation temperature curve is set by the main control unit (24): the temperature is raised to 55±2°C for 0-24h, maintained at 60±2°C for 24-72h, and lowered to 50±2°C for 72-120h, and the compost is ventilated and turned through the top cover (12) every 24h during the fermentation process; S5, post-ripening treatment: after fermentation, the material is transferred to the aging bin, piled to a height of 1.2-1.5m, covered with a breathable film for 7-10 days of post-ripening, during which the pile is turned every 48 hours; S6, screening and coating: the ripened materials are graded through a 3mm sieve, and 2% diatomaceous earth is added to the sieved materials for anti-caking coating treatment to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

8. The production process of a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The biochar in step S1 is made by oxygen-limited pyrolysis of corn stalks at 500-600°C, with a specific surface area of ​​≥200m² / g; the enzyme residue is the residue after enzymes are extracted from fruit and vegetable fermentation, with an organic matter content of ≥65%.

9. The production process of a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the fermentation equipment stacking structure (03) is stacked vertically in 3-5 groups, the loading capacity of each layer of fermentation tank components (01) does not exceed 80% of the volume of the container body (11), and adjacent layers are staggered at 90° through positioning grooves (33) to balance the load.

10. The production process of a straw biochar enzyme residue bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the main control unit (24) dynamically adjusts the power of the heating sleeve (25) according to the PID algorithm. When the temperature detected by the sensor probe (23) deviates from the set value by ±3°C, the overheat protection is automatically triggered and the sound and light alarm is activated. During the fermentation process, the volatile gas is purified by the built-in activated carbon filter element of the top cover (12) and then discharged.

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