A method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of a concrete member

Abstract

The application relates to a concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking and tracing method, which is characterized in that the method comprises a concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method, a concrete member surface quality evaluation method and a concrete member surface quality problem tracing method; the concrete member surface quality problem tracing method comprises concrete member layered pouring process tracing, concrete prefabricated member production time tracing and concrete material proportioning tracing; the concrete prefabricated member production time tracing is divided according to a concrete prefabricated member production process link; the concrete material proportioning tracing comprises water quantity, sand quantity, gravel, cement, fly ash and whether the admixture reaches the standard proportioning; the accuracy of the concrete material proportioning is evaluated by using a modal confidence degree MAC. Compared with the prior art, the application realizes construction data correlation presentation by building the concrete quality problem tracing link method, and greatly improves the tracing efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of prefabricated concrete components, and particularly relates to a method for marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete components. BACKGROUND

[0002] The automatic production of beam slab components is a brand-new production organization mode, and the production process of bridge beam slab components mainly includes the manufacturing of steel bars, the pouring and vibrating of concrete, the maintenance and storage of prefabricated components, and the like. The development of fabricated structures to replace the on-site pouring operation can greatly reduce construction errors and human errors, and ensure the construction quality. The fabricated construction mode can effectively improve the product precision, solve systematic quality problems, reduce the maintenance cost in the later stage of the project, and prolong the service life of the structure.

[0003] For concrete components, the quality inspection of the components after the completion of the pouring and maintenance of concrete is a very important work. At present, the surface quality inspection of concrete components mainly adopts manual visual inspection or the inspection of surface defects and diseases of concrete structures by using simple measuring tools. The inspection personnel are required to have high professional technical level and skilled equipment operation ability, and a large amount of man-hours needs to be invested, which has the characteristics of high cost, time-consuming and laborious. In addition, the inspection result is easily affected by human subjective judgment, and has the problems of poor precision and low efficiency.

[0004] In order to speed up the inspection progress and guarantee the quality of concrete construction, it is necessary to trace the construction process when the quality problem of concrete is detected. The factors that determine the quality of concrete construction are not only related to the construction process, but also related to the mixing and proportioning of concrete materials, the transportation process, the pouring process, the vibrating process, the maintenance process and the like. In this case, it is necessary to establish a concrete construction quality tracing method based on the database of the whole construction process. Therefore, in view of the current situation, a method for marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete components is needed. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and to provide a method for marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete components. By building a concrete quality problem tracing link method, the construction data correlation presentation is realized, and the tracing efficiency is greatly improved.

[0006] The present application provides a method for marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete components, which comprises: a method for marking surface quality problems of concrete components based on a laser scanner, a method for evaluating surface quality of concrete components, and a method for tracing surface quality problems of concrete components.

[0007] The concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method is to position the apparent defect position of the concrete member surface by a laser scanner grid, and to mark and record by a camera;

[0008] The concrete member surface quality problem evaluation method is to evaluate according to the apparent defect characteristics of the picture taken by the camera, and to divide into four grades of excellent, good, medium and poor;

[0009] The concrete member surface quality problem tracing method is to mark the apparent defect position according to the picture taken by the camera, and to trace the concrete member layer pouring process, the concrete prefabricated member production time, and the concrete material proportioning;

[0010] The concrete member layer pouring process tracing is mainly to express the relationship between the concrete layer pouring amount and the time t, as shown in the following formula:

[0011] ;

[0012] The concrete prefabricated member production time tracing is to divide the links according to the concrete prefabricated member production process, including concrete mixing, transportation, pouring and distribution, vibration, and steam curing, etc.

[0013] The concrete material proportioning tracing includes the tracing of whether the water amount, sand amount, gravel, cement, fly ash, admixture and other ingredients meet the standard proportioning, which is shown as:

[0014] ;

[0015] ;

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] ;

[0019] ;

[0020] ;

[0021] Let the standard concrete proportioning material parameters P ij , the actual concrete proportioning material parameters P ij be respectively:

[0022] ; ;

[0023] ​The modal assurance criterion (MAC) is used to evaluate the accuracy of the concrete material proportioning.

[0024] Further, the picture apparent defect feature: excellent represents smooth surface, good represents apparent crack, medium represents pitted surface, honeycomb, and poor represents serious defects such as hole and exposed reinforcement.

[0025] Further, the concrete member layering pouring process tracing is performed by the concrete distributing machine in the process of pouring concrete, from bottom to top, layering, vibrating and pouring simultaneously, and the surface quality defect position tracing pouring volume and the time t.

[0026] Further, when the pouring volume , the time t is consistent with the set target, the concrete proportioning tracing is performed; when the pouring volume , the time t is inconsistent with the set target, the problems in the concrete mixing process, the torpedo tank transportation process, the distributing machine pouring process or the vibrating frequency need to be considered.

[0027] Further, the laser scanner and the camera are installed on the side wall of the steam curing shed; and the concrete member is placed on the moving trolley.

[0028] Further, the laser on the surface of the concrete member is in a grid shape, which is convenient for defect positioning and marking.

[0029] Further, the MAC value ranges from 0 to 1, and when it is greater than 0.95, it is close to the standard proportioning, and the closer to 0, the greater the deviation of the concrete proportioning, and the parameters need to be corrected.

[0030] .

[0031] Further, the tracing inspection of whether the concrete material proportioning reaches the standard proportioning is realized by a standard material proportioning evaluation model, and the MAC value is used for representation; when the material proportioning cannot meet the predetermined requirements, measures need to be taken to improve the accuracy of the concrete material proportioning.

[0032] Further, in the concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method, the laser grid is marked, and the depth feature extraction is performed, specifically: the depth feature information related to the concrete member surface quality problem is extracted from the three-dimensional data obtained by the laser scanning; then data preprocessing, determination of the depth features to be extracted, feature extraction algorithm selection, feature calculation and analysis are performed.

[0033] Further, in the concrete member surface quality problem evaluation method, a grade evaluation model is established for evaluation; the trained grade evaluation model is applied to actual concrete member surface quality evaluation; for newly photographed concrete member surface pictures and extracted depth feature data, input into the model for classification to obtain the surface quality grade of the member.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0035] The present application solves the problems of current traditional detection methods for concrete structure apparent defects and diseases, such as large manual input, long time, high cost and easy to be disturbed by subjective judgment to some extent; by building a concrete quality problem traceability link method, construction data correlation presentation is realized, and the traceability efficiency is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Flowchart of the concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking and traceability method of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 Concrete member surface laser scanning schematic diagram of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 Concrete member surface partition quality evaluation schematic diagram of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 Concrete layering and distribution schematic diagram of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 Concrete pouring quantity of the present application V(t) Time-t relationship diagram;

[0041] Figure 6 Standard ratio and actual ratio of the present application

[0042] Reference signs: 1-concrete member; 2-mobile trolley; 3-laser scanner; 4-camera; 5-steam curing shed; 6-concrete distribution machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. In the present technical solution, if the component model, material name, connection structure, control method, algorithm and other features are not explicitly stated, they are considered as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This invention provides a method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems in concrete components, including: a method for rapid marking of surface quality problems in concrete components based on a laser scanner, a method for assessing the surface quality of concrete components, and a method for tracing the source of surface quality problems in concrete components; such as Figure 1 As shown.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the rapid marking method for surface quality problems of concrete components is to locate the apparent defects of concrete component 1 using a laser scanner 3 grid, and to take pictures and mark them using a camera 4.

[0047] The method for assessing the surface quality of concrete components is based on classifying the apparent defects in images captured by camera 4 into four levels: excellent, good, medium, and poor. Figure 3 As shown.

[0048] The method for tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components is to trace the source of defects based on the location of apparent defects marked in the images taken by camera 4, and to trace the source of defects in the layered pouring process of the concrete components, the production time of the precast concrete components, and the concrete material mix proportions. The method for tracing the source of defects in the layered pouring process of the concrete components is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0049] The process of layered concrete pouring for tracing the origins of the concrete components is mainly traced through the volume of concrete poured in each layer. The relationship with time t is expressed as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the following formula:

[0050] ;

[0051] The production time traceability of the precast concrete components is based on the production process of the precast concrete components, which is divided into links: concrete mixing, transportation, pouring and placing, vibration, steam curing, etc.

[0052] The traceability of concrete material proportions includes: traceability of whether the water content, sand content, crushed stone, cement, fly ash, admixtures, and other ingredients meet the standard proportions. A proportioning diagram is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, it is manifested as follows:

[0053] ;

[0054] ;

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] ;

[0058] ;

[0059] ;

[0060] Let, standard concrete mix material parameters P ij , actual concrete mix material parameters P ij , respectively:

[0061] ; ;

[0062] The accuracy of the concrete material mix is evaluated using modal confidence MAC.

[0063] In specific embodiments, the picture appearance defect feature: excellent represents a smooth surface, good represents an apparent crack, medium represents a pitted surface, a honeycomb, and poor represents serious defects such as a hole, a exposed reinforcement, etc.

[0064] In specific embodiments, the concrete member layering pouring process tracing is layering pouring from bottom to top by the concrete distributing machine 6 in the process of pouring concrete, and the pouring volume is traced by the surface quality defect position and time t.

[0065] In specific embodiments, when the pouring volume , time t is consistent with the set target, the concrete mix tracing is performed; when the pouring volume , time t is inconsistent with the set target, the problems in the concrete mixing process, the torpedo tank transportation process, the distributing machine pouring process, or the vibration frequency, etc. need to be considered.

[0066] In specific embodiments, the laser scanner 3 and the camera 4 are installed on the side wall of the steam curing shed 5; the concrete member 1 is placed on the moving trolley 2.

[0067] In specific embodiments, the laser on the surface of the concrete member 1 of the laser scanner 3 is in a grid shape, which is convenient for defect positioning and marking.

[0068] In specific embodiments, the MAC value range is (0, 1), and when it is greater than 0.95, it is close to the standard mix, and the closer to 0, the greater the deviation of the concrete mix, and the parameters need to be corrected:

[0069] .

[0070] In specific embodiments, the tracing inspection of whether the concrete material mix meets the standard mix is realized by a standard material mix evaluation model, and is represented by the MAC value; when the material mix does not meet the predetermined requirements, measures need to be taken to improve the accuracy of the concrete material mix.

[0071] In the specific embodiment, in the concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method, the laser grid is marked, and the depth feature extraction is performed. Specifically, depth feature information related to the concrete member surface quality problem is extracted from three-dimensional data obtained by laser scanning; then, data preprocessing, determination of the depth features to be extracted, selection of a feature extraction algorithm, and feature calculation and analysis are performed.

[0072] If the surface quality of a concrete pier is to be detected and analyzed, through laser grid marking, the positions of surface defects such as cracks and holes on the surface of the pier can be accurately located. Then, using the depth feature extraction technology, the depth, width and length of the cracks, and the diameter and depth of the holes can be extracted. According to these feature information, the surface quality grade of the pier can be more accurately evaluated, and it can be judged whether it meets the design requirements. At the same time, by analyzing the relationship between these depth features and factors such as the concrete pouring process and material proportioning, the causes of the surface quality problem can be traced, and the problem can be found out, providing a reference for subsequent repair and improvement.

[0073] In the specific embodiment, in the concrete member surface quality problem evaluation method, an evaluation model is established to evaluate the surface quality of the concrete member. The trained evaluation model is applied to the actual concrete member surface quality evaluation. For newly photographed concrete member surface pictures and extracted depth feature data, the model is inputted to classify and obtain the surface quality grade of the member.

[0074] Support vector machines (SVM), decision trees, random forests and other machine learning models can be selected as the evaluation model. These models have strong classification ability and generalization performance, and can accurately classify the surface quality of the concrete member according to the input feature vector. For example, the support vector machine can separate samples of different grades by finding the optimal hyperplane.

[0075] For the case of rich image data, convolutional neural networks (CNN) can also be used for grade evaluation. CNN has strong image feature extraction and classification ability, and can automatically learn deep features in images. For example, classic CNN architectures such as ResNet and VGG can be used for classification of the surface quality of the concrete member.

[0076] The components not described in detail in the embodiment are existing components that can be purchased in public channels.

[0077] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or can be acquired from practice of the application. As well, the description is presented in the context of the preferred embodiments as a number of alternatives. It is not intended to limit the application to the precise form described.

Claims

1. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete members, characterized in that, The application relates to a concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method based on a laser scanner, a concrete member surface quality evaluation method, and a concrete member surface quality problem tracing method. The concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method is that a laser scanner (3) is used to position the apparent defect position of a concrete member (1) in a grid, and a camera (4) is used to take pictures and mark records. The concrete member surface quality problem evaluation method is that the apparent defect characteristics of the pictures taken by the camera (4) are classified into four grades of excellent, good, medium and poor for evaluation. The concrete member surface quality problem tracing method is that the apparent defect marking positions of the pictures taken by the camera (4) are used to trace the concrete member layering pouring process, the concrete prefabricated member production time and the concrete material proportioning. The concrete prefabricated member production time tracing method is that the concrete prefabricated member production process is divided into links, i.e. concrete mixing, transportation, pouring and material distribution, vibration and steam curing. The concrete member layer pouring process traceability is through concrete layer pouring quantity The relationship with time t is expressed, see the following formula: ； The concrete material proportioning tracing method includes the tracing of whether the water quantity, sand quantity, gravel, cement, fly ash and additive meet the standard proportioning, which is shown as follows: The modal confidence MAC is used to evaluate the accuracy of the concrete material proportioning. ； ； ； ； ； ； ； Let, standard concrete mix material parameters P ij , actual concrete mix material parameters P ij respectively: ； ； The picture apparent defect characteristics are that excellent represents a smooth surface, good represents an apparent crack, medium represents a pitted surface and a honeycomb, and poor represents a hole and a exposed reinforcement.

2. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser scanner (3) and the camera (4) are installed on the side wall of a steam curing shed (5), and the concrete member (1) is placed on a movable trolley (2).

3. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete member layer pouring process traceability is layering from bottom to top by concrete distributing machine (6) in the process of pouring concrete, through surface quality defect position traceability pouring quantity With time t.

4. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the pouring quantity , the time t is consistent with the set target, the concrete proportioning traceability is performed; when the pouring quantity , the time t is inconsistent with the set target, the problems in the concrete mixing process, the torpedo tank transportation process, the distribution machine pouring process or the vibration frequency need to be considered.

5. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser on the surface of the concrete member (1) is in a grid shape, so that the defect positioning and marking are facilitated.

6. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MAC value range is (0, 1), when the MAC value is greater than 0.95, the material proportioning is close to the standard proportioning, and the closer to 0, the greater the deviation of the concrete proportioning, and the parameters need to be corrected.

7. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tracing inspection of whether the concrete material proportioning meets the standard proportioning is realized through a standard material proportioning evaluation model, and the MAC value is used for representation; when the material proportioning does not meet the predetermined requirement, measures need to be taken to improve the accuracy of the concrete material proportioning. 。 8. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method, the laser grid is used for marking, and depth feature extraction is carried out, specifically as follows: the depth feature information related to the concrete member surface quality problem is extracted from the three-dimensional data obtained through laser scanning; then data preprocessing, determination of the depth features to be extracted, feature extraction algorithm selection, feature calculation and analysis are carried out.

9. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the concrete member surface quality problem evaluation method, a grade evaluation model is established for evaluation; the trained grade evaluation model is applied to the actual concrete member surface quality evaluation; for the newly taken concrete member surface picture and the extracted depth feature data, the model is inputted for classification, so that the surface quality grade of the member is obtained.

10. The method for quickly marking and tracing surface quality problems of concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​

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