Non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and relates to the field of lesion monitoring sensors.The monitoring device comprises a cushion frame A and a cushion frame B. A cushion plate is arranged on the top face of the cushion frame A, a pedal is arranged on the top of the cushion frame A, a monitoring hole is formed in the top face of the pedal, a protection plate A is arranged on the top of the pedal, and a protection plate B is arranged on the top of the cushion frame B. Binding belt holes are formed in the side face of the protection plate B and the side face of the protection plate A. A rotating disc is rotationally arranged on the top face of the base plate, an adjusting notch and an assembling hole are formed in the rotating disc, and spring grooves are formed in the two sides of the assembling hole. The defects in the prior art are overcome, the problems that traditional foot monitoring equipment is poor in adaptability, single in function, complex in operation and the like are solved through self-adaptive adjustment, multi-sensor fusion, accurate transmission control and modular design, and the foot monitoring device has high social use value and remarkable application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lesion monitoring sensors, and particularly to a non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Background Art

[0002] Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes. Long-term hyperglycemia causes damage to the structure and function of peripheral nerves, mainly manifested as sensory, motor, or autonomic nerve abnormalities in the limbs (especially the lower limbs). The plantar nerve endings are dense, making it a high-risk area for diabetic foot ulcers.

[0003] During the process of neuropathy in the sole of the foot, a three-sense monitoring method is mostly used to monitor the lesion site for effective targeted treatment. However, in the existing detection process, since the left and right feet of the human body need to be distinguished, adjustment is required when detecting the toes to adapt to the monitoring process.

[0004] Moreover, when the existing monitoring devices are in use, they cannot be adjusted according to the size of the user's feet and cannot effectively fix the feet, resulting in easy position deviation during the monitoring process of contact-type sensors, directly affecting the subsequent monitoring results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, including a cushion frame A and a cushion frame B. A cushion plate is provided on the top surface of the cushion frame A, a pedal is provided on the top of the cushion frame A, a monitoring hole is opened on the top surface of the pedal, a guard plate A is provided on the top of the pedal, a guard plate B is provided on the top of the cushion frame B, and strap holes are opened on the side surfaces of the guard plate B and the guard plate A. A turntable is rotatably provided on the top surface of the cushion plate. A mobilization notch and an assembly hole are opened on the turntable. Spring grooves are opened on both sides of the assembly hole. A unimodal sensor is sleeved in the assembly hole. Ear plates are provided on both sides of the unimodal sensor. A return spring connecting the bottom surface of the ear plate to the bottom surface of the spring groove is provided at the bottom of the ear plate. An intermittent rod is rotatably provided in the middle of the top surface of the cushion frame A, and a mobilization column matching the mobilization notch is provided at the end of the intermittent rod.

[0006] Preferably, a support plate is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the cushion frame A. A transmission through rod is rotatably provided on the support plate. A bracket is provided on the bottom surface of the cushion frame A, and a drive motor is provided at the bottom of the bracket.

[0007] Preferably, a ratchet wheel is rotatably provided at the top inside the bracket, and a pawl wheel rotatably matched with the ratchet wheel is connected to the top end of the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0008] Preferably, a driving shaft connected to the end of the intermittent rod is provided at the top end of the pawl disc, a driving bevel gear is sleeved outside the ratchet disc, and a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear is provided at the end of the transmission through rod.

[0009] Preferably, perforations are provided on both sides of the end of the cushion frame B, and a locking knob is rotatably provided on the side surface of the cushion frame B.

[0010] Preferably, adjusting rods movably sleeved with the perforations are provided on both sides of the end of the cushion frame A, and locking holes cooperating with the locking knob for locking are provided on the side surfaces of the adjusting rods.

[0011] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the top surface of the cushion frame B, a reciprocating lead screw is rotatably provided on the bottom surface of the cushion frame B, a transverse movement seat is threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating lead screw, a guiding plate slidably sleeved with the sliding groove is provided on the top surface of the transverse movement seat, a multi-modal sensor A is provided on the top surface of the guiding plate, and a multi-modal sensor B is provided in the middle of the top surface of the cushion frame B.

[0012] Preferably, a transmission groove is provided on the end face of the cushion frame B, a gear column is rotatably provided in the transmission groove, a synchronous bevel gear is provided on the front surface of the gear column, and a transmission gear B meshing with the gear column is rotatably provided in the transmission groove.

[0013] Preferably, a transmission gear C meshing with the transmission gear B is rotatably provided at the bottom end in the middle of the transmission groove, and a transmission sleeve rod linked and sleeved with the transmission through rod is provided on the transmission gear C.

[0014] Preferably, a linkage rod is rotatably provided in the transmission groove, a linkage gear A meshing with the synchronous bevel gear is provided at the end of the linkage rod, and linkage gears B meshing with the transmission gear A are provided at the other end and the middle of the linkage rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By providing the multi-modal sensor A, the multi-modal sensor B and the single-modal sensor, vibration sense, temperature and pressure sensors are respectively integrated, covering the mechanical, temperature and nerve feedback data in the foot contact area. And according to the area condition of the heel position, a rotatable three-sense alternating monitoring is set up, which is convenient for using the three sensors to perform three-sense monitoring operations at different positions of the heel. The single-modal sensor is automatically lifted by the elastic potential energy reset spring, fitting the contour of the heel to ensure stable contact between the sensor and the skin and improving the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0016] 2. By providing the cushion frame A and the cushion frame B, the distance between the two can be adjusted to adapt to the use of different foot sizes. And through the differential thread design on the reciprocating lead screw and the rotation of the transmission through rod to adjust the position of the multi-modal sensor A, the left and right feet can be adapted and adjusted according to the actual use requirements without replacing parts, and the left and right foot modes can be switched with one key, improving the operation efficiency.

[0017] 3. Through the setting of the driving through rod, the driving sleeve rod, driving gear C and driving gear B are used to drive the gear column and the linkage rod to rotate synchronously, drive the reciprocating lead screw to adjust the position of the transverse moving seat, realize the automatic calibration of the toe monitoring site, reduce manual intervention, improve the operation accuracy, and through the setting of the ratchet disc, driving bevel gear and pawl disc, it is possible to separately drive the turntable to rotate or adjust the position of the multi-modal sensor A by adjusting the rotation direction of the output shaft of the driving motor.

[0018] In summary, the present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art. Through adaptive adjustment, multi-sensor fusion, precise transmission control and modular design, it solves the problems of poor adaptability, single function and complex operation existing in traditional foot monitoring devices, and has high social use value and significant application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is an exploded schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cushion frame A in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the structural assembly of the ratchet disc and the pawl disc in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the cushion frame A in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the structural position of the cushion frame A and the turntable in the present invention; Figure 8 For this Figure 7 The enlarged view of the partial structure at A in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic view of the cushion frame B in the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic view of the structural position of the multi-modal sensor A in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 100, guard plate A; 1001, strap hole; 1, cushion frame A; 101, cushion plate; 102, support plate; 103, adjusting rod; 1031, locking hole; 2, cushion frame B; 201, sliding groove; 202, transmission groove; 203, perforation; 21, guard plate B; 22, locking knob; 3, reciprocating lead screw; 31, transmission gear A; 4, transverse movement seat; 41, guide plate; 411, multimodal sensor A; 4111, multimodal sensor B; 5, gear column; 51, synchronous bevel gear; 52, transmission gear B; 53, transmission gear C; 531, transmission sleeve rod; 6, linkage rod; 61, linkage gear A; 62, linkage gear B; 7, pedal; 701, monitoring hole; 8, turntable; 801, adjustment notch; 802, assembly hole; 8021, spring groove; 81, unimodal sensor; 811, ear plate; 812, return spring; 9, ratchet disc; 91, driving bevel gear; 92, ratchet pawl disc; 921, driving shaft; 10, bracket; 11, driving motor; 12, transmission through rod; 121, driven bevel gear; 13, intermittent rod; 131, adjustment column. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figures 1-10, a non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, comprising a pad frame A1 and a pad frame B2. The top surface of the pad frame A1 is provided with a backing plate 101, and the top of the pad frame A1 is provided with a pedal 7. A monitoring hole 701 is opened on the top surface of the pedal 7, and a guard plate A100 is provided on the top of the pedal 7. A guard plate B21 is provided on the top of the pad frame B2. Strap holes 1001 are opened on the side surfaces of the guard plate B21 and the guard plate A100. The arrangement of the strap holes 1001 can be externally connected with straps for wearing and fixing between the foot and the device. A turntable 8 is rotatably provided on the top surface of the backing plate 101. An adjustment notch 801 and an assembly hole 802 are opened on the turntable 8. Spring grooves 8021 are opened on both sides of the assembly hole 802. A single-mode sensor 81 is sleeved in the assembly hole 802. Ear plates 811 are provided on both sides of the single-mode sensor 81. A return spring 812 connected to the bottom surface of the spring groove 8021 is provided at the bottom of the ear plate 811. An intermittent rod 13 is rotatably provided in the middle of the top surface of the pad frame A1. An adjustment column 131 matching the adjustment notch 801 is provided at the end of the intermittent rod 13. A cushion ring is provided at the bottom of the assembly hole 802 to prevent the single-mode sensor 81 from falling off from the bottom of the assembly hole 802. A slope is provided on the bottom surface of the pedal 7 between adjacent monitoring holes 701, so that when the turntable 8 rotates, the single-mode sensor 81 can be disengaged from the monitoring hole 701, enabling the single-mode sensor 81 to move downward and press into the interior of the assembly hole 802.

[0024] Specifically, referring to Figures 5-7 , a support plate 102 is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the pad frame A1. A transmission through rod 12 is rotatably provided on the support plate 102. A bracket 10 is provided on the bottom surface of the pad frame A1. A drive motor 11 is provided at the bottom of the bracket 10.

[0025] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , a ratchet wheel 9 is rotatably provided at the top of the inner side of the bracket 10. The top end of the output shaft of the drive motor 11 is connected with a pawl disc 92 that rotates in cooperation with the ratchet wheel 9. The rotation of the output shaft of the drive motor 11 will not drive the ratchet wheel 9 to rotate. The rotation of the output shaft of the drive motor 11 can drive the pawl disc 92 to rotate, and then drive the ratchet wheel 9 to rotate through the rotation of the pawl disc 92. The clockwise rotation of the pawl disc 92 can drive the ratchet wheel 9 to rotate, and the counterclockwise rotation of the pawl disc 92 cannot drive the ratchet wheel 9 to rotate.

[0026] Specifically, referring to Figure 5 , a driving shaft 921 connected to the end of the intermittent rod 13 is provided at the top of the pawl disc 92. A driving bevel gear 91 is sleeved outside the ratchet wheel 9. A driven bevel gear 121 meshing and matching with the driving bevel gear 91 is provided at the end of the transmission through rod 12. When the ratchet wheel 9 rotates driven by the pawl disc 92, the driving bevel gear 91 can drive the driven bevel gear 121 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission through rod 12 to rotate.

[0027] Specifically, referring toFigure 1 and Figure 9 On both sides of the end of the cushion frame B2, through holes 203 are provided. A locking knob 22 is rotatably provided on the side of the cushion frame B2. The locking knob 22 is rotatably connected to the cushion frame B2 and will not detach from the cushion frame B2 when rotating.

[0028] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 , on both sides of the end of the cushion frame A1, adjusting rods 103 that are movably sleeved with the through holes 203 are provided. Locking holes 1031 that cooperate with the locking knob 22 for locking are provided on the side of the adjusting rod 103. According to the foot sizes of different monitored populations, the distance between the cushion frame A1 and the cushion frame B2 is adjusted to make the device suitable for different monitored populations. Then, the locking knob 22 is screwed into the locking hole 1031 to lock the distance between the cushion frame A1 and the cushion frame B2.

[0029] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , a sliding groove 201 is provided on the top surface of the cushion frame B2. A reciprocating lead screw 3 is rotatably provided on the bottom surface of the cushion frame B2. A cross-moving seat 4 is threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating lead screw 3. A guide plate 41 that is slidably sleeved with the sliding groove 201 is provided on the top surface of the cross-moving seat 4. A multi-modal sensor A411 is provided on the top surface of the guide plate 41. A multi-modal sensor B4111 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the cushion frame B2. The threading on the reciprocating lead screw 3 needs to be adjusted according to the movement position of the multi-modal sensor A411 to conform to the position situation of the replacement of the left and right toes. The threading lengths on the reciprocating lead screws 3 on both sides of the multi-modal sensor B4111 are shorter than the threading lengths of the reciprocating lead screws 3 on the left and right sides. The lengths of the two reciprocating lead screws 3 that are opposite to the multi-modal sensor B4111 are the same. When the cross-moving seat 4 is adjusted by the two reciprocating lead screws 3 with different threading lengths on the same side, the multi-modal sensor A411 will synchronously move to the end of the corresponding reciprocating lead screw 3, that is, move to the position shown in Figure 9 , which represents that the left toe can be monitored. With the rotation of the transmission through rod 12, the position of the multi-modal sensor A411 in the sliding groove 201 can be adjusted to adapt to the monitoring of the left or right toe. Vibration sensors, temperature sensors, and pressure sensors are provided on both the multi-modal sensor A411, the multi-modal sensor B4111, and the single-modal sensor 81. Vibration sensors, temperature sensors, and pressure sensors are respectively provided on the three single-modal sensors 81 to avoid the problem of the reduction of the sensor monitoring area caused by sensor integration. The three single-modal sensors 81 can be rotated alternately to perform three-sense monitoring of the heel position.

[0030] Embodiment 2 Reference Figures 1-10 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a transmission groove 202 is provided on the end face of the cushion frame B2. A gear column 5 is rotatably provided in the transmission groove 202. A synchronous bevel gear 51 is provided on the front of the gear column 5. A transmission gear B52 that meshes and matches with the gear column 5 is rotatably provided in the transmission groove 202. A cover plate is provided on the front of the transmission groove 202 to provide protection for the internal components of the transmission groove 202.

[0031] Specifically, referring to Figure 9 , a transmission gear C53 that meshes and matches with the transmission gear B52 is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the middle part of the transmission groove 202. A transmission sleeve rod 531 that is linked and sleeved with the transmission through rod 12 is provided on the transmission gear C53. The rotation of the transmission through rod 12 can drive the transmission sleeve rod 531 to rotate. When adjusting the distance between the cushion frame A1 and the cushion frame B2, the transmission through rod 12 can move inside the transmission sleeve rod 531, so that the rotation of the transmission through rod 12 driving the transmission sleeve rod 531 will not be affected. The rotation of the transmission sleeve rod 531 can drive the transmission gear C53 to rotate, thereby driving the gear column 5 to rotate through the transmission gear B52, so that the gear column 5 drives the synchronous bevel gear 51 to rotate synchronously.

[0032] Specifically, referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , a linkage rod 6 is rotatably provided in the transmission groove 202. A linkage gear A61 that meshes and matches with the synchronous bevel gear 51 is provided at the end of the linkage rod 6. Linkage gears B62 that mesh and match with the transmission gear A31 are provided at the other end and the middle of the linkage rod 6. The rotation of the synchronous bevel gear 51 drives the linkage gear A61 to rotate. Utilizing the synchronization of the linkage rod 6, the linkage gear B62 can drive the transmission gear A31 to rotate, so as to drive the reciprocating lead screw 3 to rotate, so that the position of the transverse movement seat 4 on the reciprocating lead screw 3 can be adjusted synchronously.

[0033] For other un-described structures, refer to Embodiment 1.

[0034] Working principle: In the present invention, first, according to the size of the user's foot, the distance between the cushion frame A1 and the cushion frame B2 is adjusted. Then, the locking knob 22 is twisted so that the locking knob 22 can lock the position of the adjusting rod 103 inside the through hole 203; According to whether it is the left foot or the right foot to be monitored, the output shaft of the driving motor 11 is rotated, so that the output shaft of the driving motor 11 drives the pawl disc 92 to rotate, thereby driving the ratchet disc 9 to rotate by the pawl disc 92, so that the driving bevel gear 91 can drive the driven bevel gear 121 to rotate. Utilizing the linkage between the transmission through rod 12 and the transmission sleeve rod 531, the gear set inside the transmission groove 202 can rotate synchronously to adjust the multi-modal sensor A411 to a suitable position; Turn on the reverse rotation of the output shaft of the drive motor 11. At this time, the rotation of the pawl disc 92 will not drive the ratchet disc 9. At the same time, the monitored sole of the foot needs to be placed on the top surface of the cushion frame A1 and the top surface of the cushion frame B2, and the monitored toes need to be in contact with the top surface of the multi-modal sensor A411 and the top surface of the multi-modal sensor B4111. Then, drive the turntable 8 to rotate according to the intermittent rod 13 and the adjustment column 131. Utilize the elastic potential energy recovery of the return spring 812 to lift the single-modal sensor 81, so that the monitored heel can be in contact with the top surface of the single-modal sensor 81. After the adjustment column 131 enters the next adjustment notch 801, the turntable 8 will perform the next stage of rotation, so that the single-modal sensor 81 enters the next monitoring hole 701 under the cooperation of the pedal 7 and the monitoring hole 701, so as to respectively monitor the vibration sense, temperature sense and pressure sense of the heel.

[0035] The control method of the present invention is automatically controlled by a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The provision of power also belongs to the common knowledge in the art. And the present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection of the present invention will not be explained in detail.

[0036] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, comprising a cushion frame A (1) and a cushion frame B (2), characterized in that: The cushion frame A (1) is provided with a cushion plate (101) on the top surface, the cushion frame A (1) is provided with a pedal (7) on the top surface, a monitoring hole (701) is provided on the top surface of the pedal (7), a guard plate A (100) is provided on the top surface of the pedal (7), a guard plate B (21) is provided on the top surface of the cushion frame B (2), a side surface of the guard plate B (21) and a side surface of the guard plate A (100) are provided with strap holes (1001), a rotating disk (8) is provided on the top surface of the cushion plate (101) for rotation, and a mobilization notch (801) and a splicing hole are provided on the rotating disk (8). A mounting hole (802) is provided, spring grooves (8021) are provided on both sides of the assembly hole (802), a single-mode sensor (81) is sleeved inside the assembly hole (802), ear plates (811) are provided on both sides of the single-mode sensor (81), a return spring (812) connected to the bottom surface of the spring groove (8021) is provided at the bottom of the ear plate (811), an intermittent rod (13) is rotatably provided in the middle of the top surface of the cushion frame A (1), and an adjustment column (131) matching the adjustment notch (801) is provided at the end of the intermittent rod (13).

2. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate (102) is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the cushion frame A (1), a transmission through rod (12) is rotatably provided on the support plate (102), a bracket (10) is provided on the bottom surface of the cushion frame A (1), and a driving motor (11) is provided at the bottom of the bracket (10).

3. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ratchet disc (9) is rotatably provided at the top of the inner side of the bracket (10), and a ratchet disc (92) rotatably matched with the ratchet disc (9) is connected to the top end of the output shaft of the drive motor (11).

4. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the ratchet disc (92) is provided with a driving shaft (921) connected to the end of the intermittent rod (13); the outer side of the ratchet disc (9) is sleeved with a driving bevel gear (91); and the end of the transmission through rod (12) is provided with a driven bevel gear (121) meshing with the driving bevel gear (91).

5. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the end of the cushion frame B (2) are provided with through holes (203), and a locking knob (22) is provided on the side of the cushion frame B (2) for rotation.

6. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the end of the cushion frame A (1) are provided with adjustment rods (103) that are movably mounted with the through holes (203), and the side of the adjustment rod (103) is provided with a locking hole (1031) that cooperates with the locking knob (22) for locking.

7. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the cushion frame B (2) is provided with a slide groove (201), the bottom surface of the cushion frame B (2) is rotatably provided with a reciprocating screw rod (3), a transverse seat (4) is threadedly mounted on the reciprocating screw rod (3), the top surface of the transverse seat (4) is provided with a guide plate (41) slidably mounted with the slide groove (201), the top surface of the guide plate (41) is provided with a multimodal sensor A (411), and the middle part of the top surface of the cushion frame B (2) is provided with a multimodal sensor B (4111).

8. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end surface of the cushion frame B (2) is provided with a transmission groove (202), a gear column (5) is rotatably arranged in the transmission groove (202), a synchronous bevel gear (51) is arranged on the front surface of the gear column (5), and a transmission gear B (52) meshing and matching with the gear column (5) is rotatably arranged in the transmission groove (202).

9. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 8, characterized in that: A transmission gear C (53) meshing and matching with the transmission gear B (52) is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the middle portion of the transmission groove (202), and a transmission sleeve rod (531) which is linked and sleeved with the transmission through rod (12) is provided on the transmission gear C (53).

10. The non-invasive monitoring device for diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to claim 9, characterized in that: A linkage rod (6) is rotatably disposed in the transmission groove (202), and a linkage gear A (61) meshing and matching with the synchronous bevel gear (51) is disposed at the end of the linkage rod (6), and a linkage gear B (62) meshing and matching with the transmission gear A (31) is disposed at the other end and the middle of the linkage rod (6).

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