Uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel

Abstract

The invention discloses a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel, and relates to the technical field of biomass treatment.The uniform pyrolysis reactor comprises a reactor body, a heating outer pipe for heating the reactor body is arranged on the outer side of the reactor body, a servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating outer pipe, and a stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor; and the outer side of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected with stirring blades. According to the uniform pyrolysis reactor for the biomass fuel, when a stirring shaft rotates, a sliding plate slides towards one side of the outer wall of a reactor body under the action of centrifugal force and drives a toothed plate to slide, a first gear rotates, a rotating shaft drives a fan blade rotating shaft to rotate, and a fan blade body outputs wind power; therefore, mixing of a heat carrier and biomass particles is promoted, heat conduction efficiency is enhanced, heating time is shortened, energy consumption is reduced, in the continuous pyrolysis reactor, the fan blade bodies can assist indirect heat exchange between pyrolysis gas and fed biomass, and gradient utilization of energy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass treatment, and particularly to a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuels. Background Art

[0002] Biomass is a form of energy in which solar energy is stored in organisms in the form of chemical energy, and has characteristics such as renewable, low pollution, wide distribution, and storability. By heating biomass (such as crop straws, forestry waste, etc.) to undergo thermochemical conversion, biomass can be rapidly decomposed into products such as bio-oil, combustible gas, and carbon, realizing the resource utilization of waste and energy conversion.

[0003] Prior art one (a Chinese patent with publication number CN204224526U and publication date of March 25, 2015) is a biomass fuel pyrolysis reactor, including: a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, and a number of rotating cones. The second rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft and rotates in the same direction as the first rotating shaft. The rotating cones are located on the second rotating shaft and are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft. The rotating cones and the second rotating shaft are both made of stainless steel materials. A biomass fuel pyrolysis reactor can better utilize the raw materials of biomass fuels, and the reactor has a simple design structure and is easy to operate; it can further reduce costs and improve reaction efficiency. There is also prior art two (a Chinese patent with publication number CN222454937U and publication date of February 11, 2025) which is a pyrolysis reactor for biomass liquid fuels, including a reaction tank. A dust filter mesh plate is fixedly connected inside the filter tank. A heat storage ceramic assembly is fixedly connected inside the heat storage cylinder. A heat conduction assembly is fixedly connected inside the heat storage ceramic assembly. A condensation tank is fixedly connected to the back of the reaction tank. In this pyrolysis reactor for biomass liquid fuels, biomass materials are put into a pyrolysis kettle body for heating and pyrolysis, and the generated organic gas is introduced into a combustion kettle for full combustion to obtain high-temperature mixed water vapor and some soot substances. First, the dust filter mesh plate is used to filter and collect soot particles, and then the remaining high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the heat storage cylinder. The heat storage ceramic assembly and the heat conduction assembly are used to absorb and store the heat of the water vapor and then conduct heat exchange and utilization. At the same time, the heat-exchanged water vapor is introduced into the condensation tank for condensation and collection treatment, thereby improving the recovery and utilization rate of biomass pyrolysis reaction products.

[0004] Although the biomass pyrolyzers in the prior art can improve the recovery and utilization rate of biomass pyrolysis reaction products, when pyrolyzing biomass fuels, they cannot uniformly pyrolyze the biomass contained therein. The biomass can only be stirred in a single direction. When some biomass is stirred, it cannot be stirred and mixed evenly due to inertia, resulting in uneven and insufficient pyrolysis of biomass fuels, and the pyrolysis effect is poor, with certain limitations.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel to solve the problems raised above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel. When the pyrolysis reactor on the current market pyrolyzes biomass fuel, it cannot uniformly pyrolyze the biomass contained therein. The biomass can only be stirred in a single direction. When some biomass is stirred, it cannot be stirred and mixed evenly due to inertia, resulting in uneven and insufficient pyrolysis of biomass fuel, poor pyrolysis effect, and certain limitations.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel, including a reactor body. An outer heating pipe for heating it is arranged outside the reactor body. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating outer pipe. A stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor. Stirring blades are fixedly connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft. An auxiliary frame is fixedly connected to the outer side above the stirring shaft. A rotating mechanism is arranged between the inside of the auxiliary frame and the outer side of the stirring shaft. The rotating mechanism enhances the biomass heat conduction efficiency and shortens the heating time through the rotation of the fan blade body it contains. A swinging mechanism is also arranged between the end side of the rotating mechanism and the stirring shaft. The swinging mechanism makes the swinging rod it contains swing reciprocally through the driving action of the rotating mechanism, improving the uniformity of biomass pyrolysis.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes an auxiliary frame. The auxiliary frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft. An auxiliary plate located below the auxiliary frame is also fixedly connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft. A sliding cavity is opened inside the auxiliary frame. A sliding plate is nested and connected inside the sliding cavity. A limiting block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding plate. A return spring is fixedly connected between the end side of the limiting block and the inner wall of the sliding cavity. At the same time, a toothed plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate. A rotating shaft is nested and connected inside the inner side of the auxiliary plate. A first gear is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the first gear meshes with the toothed plate. The sliding plate forms a sliding structure with the sliding cavity under the action of centrifugal force. The limiting block forms an elastic structure with the sliding cavity through the return spring.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating shaft forms a rotating structure with the auxiliary plate through the first gear. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a fan blade rotating shaft. The fan blade body is fixedly connected to the outer end of the fan blade rotating shaft. The other outer end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a threaded rod.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to a movable plate, the outer side of the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected to a limiting rod, and the limiting rod is nested and penetrated on the upper side of the movable plate, and the outer side of the movable plate is fixedly connected to an abutment block.

[0012] Preferably, the movable plate is arranged in an arc-shaped structure in a top view, and the movable plate forms a sliding structure through a threaded rod and a limiting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the swing mechanism includes a linkage shaft, which is nested and connected inside the two groups of auxiliary plates, and the outer side of the linkage shaft is fixedly connected to a second gear that meshes with the first gear, and the swing rod is fixedly connected below the center of the linkage shaft, a fixed plate is fixed on the inner side of the reactor body, and an adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of the slide plate.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment plate and the fixing plate are located at the same horizontal position, and an arc-shaped structure is arranged between the end sides of the adjustment plate and the fixing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the swing lever forms a rotating structure through a linkage shaft, and when the adjustment plate and the fixed plate are in conflict with each other, the swing lever is set in a vertical state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the slide plate is driven to slide outward by the centrifugal force of the rotating stirring shaft, and when the slide plate slides, the tooth plate arranged below can be synchronously driven to slide synchronously, and at the same time, the adjusting plate arranged at the outer end of the slide plate and the fixed plate are mutually conflicted during the continuous rotation of the stirring shaft, so that the slide plate moves inwardly, and the slide plate realizes reciprocating sliding under the conflicting action of the centrifugal force and the fixed plate, thereby driving the rotating mechanism and the swinging mechanism to reciprocate, and when the rotating mechanism is in operation, wind power can be delivered to the device, the pyrolysis efficiency can be improved, and the adhesion of biomass to the inner wall can be reduced, and the contained biomass can be further stirred by the operation of the swinging mechanism, so as to improve the uniformity of biomass pyrolysis: (1) The reactor body can be evenly heated by the heating outer tubes arranged in an annular manner. The biomass fuel is put into the reactor body and the servo motor is started. At this time, the output end of the servo motor drives the stirring shaft to start rotating. When the stirring shaft rotates, it will synchronously drive the stirring blades arranged below to rotate, thereby stirring the biomass fuel contained in the reactor body, so that the biomass fuel is heated evenly, thereby better performing the subsequent pyrolysis operation.

[0017] (2) When the stirring shaft is rotating, the slide plate will slide toward the outer wall of the reactor body synchronously under the action of centrifugal force, and drive the tooth plate to slide, causing the first gear to rotate. At this time, the rotating shaft drives the fan shaft to rotate, and the fan body will output wind force, thereby promoting the mixing of heat carrier and biomass particles, enhancing heat conduction efficiency, shortening heating time, and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, in the continuous pyrolysis reactor, the fan body can assist the indirect heat exchange between the pyrolysis gas and the feed biomass, realizing energy cascade utilization.

[0018] (3) When the first gear rotates, it will synchronously drive the second gear meshing with it to rotate synchronously. At this time, the second gear will synchronously drive the swing rod to rotate outward through the linkage shaft to further stir the biomass.

[0019] (4) The stirring shaft drives the auxiliary frame to rotate. When the auxiliary frame rotates to the side of the fixed plate, the fixed plate will interfere with the adjustment plate, so that the slide plate slides toward the inside of the sliding cavity, thereby driving the second gear to rotate in the opposite direction. Through the continuous rotation of the stirring shaft, the swing rod can swing back and forth, thereby improving the stirring efficiency of the biomass, and further allowing the biomass to undergo a more uniform pyrolysis reaction.

[0020] (5) During the reciprocating rotation of the first gear, the threaded rod will be synchronously driven to reciprocate through the rotating shaft, and the moving plate will be driven to move, so that the resistance block arranged on the inner side will reciprocately knock against the inner wall of the reactor body, causing the reactor body to vibrate, thereby reducing the phenomenon of uneven heating caused by the adhesion of part of the biomass to the inner wall of the reactor body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stirring blade of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fan blade body of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing rod of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second gear of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the adjusting plate of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1, reactor body; 2, heating outer tube; 3, servo motor; 4, stirring blade; 5, stirring shaft; 6, moving plate; 7, abutting block; 8, limiting rod; 9, threaded rod; 10, rotating shaft; 11, fan blade body; 12, auxiliary plate; 13, first gear; 14, second gear; 15, toothed plate; 16, sliding plate; 17, auxiliary frame; 18, fan blade rotating shaft; 19, sliding cavity; 20, return spring; 21, linkage shaft; 22, swinging rod; 23, limiting block; 24, fixing plate; 25, adjusting plate. Specific embodiments

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown in the technical solution, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel, discloses a rotating mechanism, which can enhance the heat conduction efficiency through the rotating mechanism, shorten the heating time and realize the cascade utilization of energy at the same time: a heating outer tube 2 for heating is arranged outside the reactor body 1, and a servo motor 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating outer tube 2, and a stirring shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 3, and stirring blades 4 are fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft 5, and an auxiliary frame 17 is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper part of the stirring shaft 5, and a rotating mechanism is arranged between the inside of the auxiliary frame 17 and the outside of the stirring shaft 5. The rotating mechanism enhances the biomass heat conduction efficiency and shortens the heating time through the rotation of the fan blade body 11 it contains. The rotating mechanism includes an auxiliary frame 17, the auxiliary frame 17 is fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft 5, and an auxiliary plate 12 located below the auxiliary frame 17 is also fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft 5, and a sliding cavity 19 is opened inside the auxiliary frame 17, and a sliding plate 16 is nested and connected inside the sliding cavity 19, and a toothed plate 15 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate 16, and a rotating shaft 10 is nested and connected inside the inner side of the auxiliary plate 12, and a first gear 13 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 10, and the first gear 13 meshes with the toothed plate 15, the sliding plate 16 forms a sliding structure with the sliding cavity 19 under the action of centrifugal force, the rotating shaft 10 forms a rotating structure with the auxiliary plate 12 through the first gear 13, and one end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to a fan blade rotating shaft 18, and the fan blade body 11 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the fan blade rotating shaft 18.

[0025] The reactor body 1 can be uniformly heated by the annularly staggered heating outer tube 2. The biomass fuel is put into the reactor body 1, and the servo motor 3 is started. At this time, the output end of the servo motor 3 drives the stirring shaft 5 to start rotating. When the stirring shaft 5 rotates, it will synchronously drive the stirring blades 4 arranged below to rotate, so as to stir the biomass fuel contained in the reactor body 1, make the biomass fuel evenly heated, and thus better perform the subsequent pyrolysis operation. When the stirring shaft 5 rotates, it will synchronously drive the auxiliary frame 17 to rotate. At this time, under the action of centrifugal force, the slide plate 16 arranged inside the auxiliary frame 17 will slide along the sliding cavity 19 opened on the inner side of the auxiliary frame 17 towards the outer wall side of the reactor body 1. At this time, the toothed plate 15 arranged below the slide plate 16 will slide synchronously under its driving action, and make the first gear 13 rotatably arranged on the auxiliary plate 12 and meshed with the toothed plate 15 rotate. When the first gear 13 rotates, it will synchronously drive the fan blade rotating shaft 18 to rotate through the rotating shaft 10, so that the fan blade body 11 rotates. At this time, the fan blade body 11 will output wind power, so as to promote the mixing of heat carriers such as hot sand and ceramic balls with biomass particles, enhance the heat conduction efficiency, shorten the heating time, reduce energy consumption. At the same time, in the continuous pyrolysis reactor, the fan blade body 11 can assist the indirect heat exchange between the pyrolysis gas and the feeding biomass to achieve cascaded energy utilization.

[0026] Embodiment 2: As Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown in the technical solution, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel, discloses a contact block 7, which can make the reactor body 1 vibrate under the drive of the moving plate 6, so as to reduce the phenomenon that part of the biomass adheres to the inner wall of the reactor body 1 and causes uneven heating: the other outer end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected with a threaded rod 9, the outer side of the threaded rod 9 is threadedly connected with a moving plate 6, the outer side of the auxiliary plate 12 is fixedly connected with a limiting rod 8, and the limiting rod 8 is nested and penetrates through the upper side of the moving plate 6, and the outer side of the moving plate 6 is fixedly connected with a contact block 7. The moving plate 6 is arranged in an arc shape when viewed from above, and the moving plate 6 and the limiting rod 8 form a sliding structure through the threaded rod 9.

[0027] During the reciprocating rotation of the first gear 13, the threaded rod 9 will be driven to rotate reciprocally synchronously through the rotating shaft 10. When the threaded rod 9 rotates, it will drive the moving plate 6 threadedly connected thereto to move. At this time, under the limiting action of the limiting rod 8, the moving plate 6 can stably drive the abutting block 7 arranged inside to move, and reciprocally knock on the inner wall of the reactor body 1, causing the reactor body 1 to vibrate, thereby reducing the phenomenon that part of the biomass adheres to the inner wall of the reactor body 1 and causes uneven heating.

[0028] Embodiment 3: As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figures 6 - 10 shown in the technical solution, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel, discloses a swinging mechanism, which can drive the swinging rod 22 to swing reciprocally to improve the stirring efficiency of biomass: a swinging mechanism is also arranged between the end side of the rotating mechanism and the stirring shaft 5. The swinging mechanism makes the swinging rod 22 it contains swing reciprocally through the driving action of the rotating mechanism, improving the uniformity of biomass pyrolysis. The swinging mechanism includes a linkage shaft 21, the linkage shaft 21 is nested inside two auxiliary plates 12, and a second gear 14 meshing with the first gear 13 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the linkage shaft 21, and the swinging rod 22 is fixedly connected below the center of the linkage shaft 21. A fixed plate 24 is fixed inside the reactor body 1. The outer end of the sliding plate 16 is fixedly connected with an adjusting plate 25, and the upper end of the sliding plate 16 is fixedly connected with a limiting block 23. And a return spring 20 is fixedly connected between the end side of the limiting block 23 and the inner wall of the sliding cavity 19. The adjusting plate 25 and the fixed plate 24 are located at the same horizontal position, and the end sides of the adjusting plate 25 and the fixed plate 24 are both arranged in an arc structure. The swinging rod 22 forms a rotating structure through the linkage shaft 21. When the adjusting plate 25 and the fixed plate 24 are in contact with each other, the swinging rod 22 is arranged in a vertical state, and the limiting block 23 forms an elastic structure with the sliding cavity 19 through the return spring 20.

[0029] When the first gear 13 rotates under the meshing action of the tooth plate 15, it will synchronously drive the second gear 14 meshing therewith to rotate synchronously. At this time, the second gear 14 will synchronously drive the swing rod 22 to rotate outward through the linkage shaft 21 to further stir the biomass. The stirring shaft 5 continues to drive the auxiliary frame 17 to rotate. When the auxiliary frame 17 rotates to one side of the fixed plate 24, the fixed plate 24 will conflict with the adjustment plate 25 set at the end of the slide plate 16, so that the slide plate 16 slides along the sliding cavity 19 toward the inner side of the sliding cavity 19. At this time, the tooth plate 15 slides inward synchronously, thereby driving the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction, further causing the swing rod 22 to rotate inward. Through the continuous rotation of the stirring shaft 5, the swing rod 22 can be made to swing back and forth, thereby improving the stirring efficiency of the biomass, and further allowing the biomass to undergo a more uniform pyrolysis reaction.

[0030] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel, comprising a reactor body (1), wherein a heating outer tube (2) for heating the reactor body (1) is arranged outside the reactor body (1), and a servo motor (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating outer tube (2), and a stirring shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (3), and a stirring blade (4) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft (5), characterized in that: An auxiliary frame (17) is fixedly connected to the upper outer side of the stirring shaft (5), and a rotating mechanism is provided between the interior of the auxiliary frame (17) and the outer side of the stirring shaft (5). The rotating mechanism enhances the heat conduction efficiency of the biomass and shortens the heating time by rotating the fan blade body (11) contained therein, and a swing mechanism is also provided between the end side of the rotating mechanism and the stirring shaft (5). The swing mechanism causes the swing rod (22) contained therein to swing back and forth through the driving action of the rotating mechanism, thereby improving the uniformity of the pyrolysis of the biomass.

2. A uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises an auxiliary frame (17), the auxiliary frame (17) being fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft (5), and the outside of the stirring shaft (5) being also fixedly connected to an auxiliary plate (12) located below the auxiliary frame (17), and a sliding cavity (19) is provided inside the auxiliary frame (17), and a sliding plate (16) is nested and connected inside the sliding cavity (19), a tooth plate (15) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate (16), a rotating shaft (10) is nested and connected inside the auxiliary plate (12), and a first gear (13) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft (10).

3. A uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first gear (13) and the toothed plate (15) are meshed with each other, and the slide plate (16) forms a sliding structure with the sliding cavity (19) through the action of centrifugal force.

4. The uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (10) forms a rotating structure through the first gear (13) and the auxiliary plate (12), one end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to a fan blade rotating shaft (18), the fan blade body (11) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the fan blade rotating shaft (18), and the other outer end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (9).

5. The uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the threaded rod (9) is threadably connected to a movable plate (6), the outer side of the auxiliary plate (12) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (8), and the limiting rod (8) is nested and penetrated on the upper side of the movable plate (6), and the outer side of the movable plate (6) is fixedly connected to a resistance block (7).

6. A uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable plate (6) is arranged in an arc-shaped structure when viewed from above, and the movable plate (6) forms a sliding structure through the threaded rod (9) and the limiting rod (8).

7. The uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing mechanism comprises a linkage shaft (21), the linkage shaft (21) being nested and connected inside the two groups of auxiliary plates (12), and the outer side of the linkage shaft (21) being fixedly connected to a second gear (14) meshing with the first gear (13), and the swing rod (22) being fixedly connected below the center of the linkage shaft (21), the inner side of the reactor body (1) being fixed to a fixed plate (24), the outer end of the slide plate (16) being fixedly connected to an adjustment plate (25), and the upper end of the slide plate (16) being fixedly connected to a limit block (23), and a return spring (20) being fixedly connected between the end side of the limit block (23) and the inner wall of the sliding cavity (19).

8. The uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment plate (25) and the fixing plate (24) are located at the same horizontal position, and the end sides of the adjustment plate (25) and the fixing plate (24) are both arranged in an arc-shaped structure.

9. A uniform pyrolysis reactor for biomass fuel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The swing rod (22) forms a rotating structure through the linkage shaft (21); when the adjustment plate (25) and the fixed plate (24) are in conflict with each other, the swing rod (22) is set in a vertical state; and the limit block (23) forms an elastic structure with the sliding cavity (19) through the return spring (20).

Images