Combined type driving and anchoring all-in-one machine for strong water-rich coal roadway and driving process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal roadway tunneling, in particular to a strong water-rich coal roadway combined type tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine and a tunneling process, the strong water-rich coal roadway combined type tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine comprises a tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine main body, and further comprises a sorting box detachably and fixedly mounted on the rear side of the tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine main body; the first conveying belt is mounted between the digging and anchoring all-in-one machine main body and the top of the sorting box and is used for conveying the collected coal and gangue to the sorting box; the crushing assembly is mounted in the sorting box and is used for crushing the coal and the gangue; the sorting assembly is installed in the sorting box and used for sorting and outputting the crushed coal and gangue through the cooperation of vibration generated by work of the digging and anchoring integrated machine body and the airflow effect; according to the device, through the arrangement of the separation assembly, coal and gangue are separately transported out after being separated, so that separation of the coal and the gangue in the tunneling process is facilitated, and the mining efficiency of the coal and the gangue is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal roadway driving, and particularly to a combined roadheader-anchoring machine for strongly water-rich coal roadways and a driving process. Background Art

[0002] The rapid driving construction process of a combined roadheader-anchoring machine for long-distance strongly water-rich coal roadways is an advanced technology for efficiently and safely driving coal mine roadways under complex geological conditions. This process combines advanced roadheader-anchoring machine equipment and optimized construction methods, aiming to improve driving speed, reduce construction costs, and ensure operation safety.

[0003] During the driving construction process of the roadheader-anchoring machine, the coal and gangue excavated need to be transported outwards, and then separated after transportation. As a result, the overall construction process requires many steps, and the excavated coal and gangue are relatively large in volume, occupying a lot of space during transportation, leading to an increase in transportation costs and a reduction in construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and a combined roadheader-anchoring machine for strongly water-rich coal roadways and a driving process are proposed.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a combined roadheader-anchoring machine for strongly water-rich coal roadways, including the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, and further including:

[0006] A sorting box, detachably and fixedly installed at the rear side of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine;

[0007] A first conveyor belt, installed between the top of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the sorting box, for conveying the collected coal and gangue to the sorting box;

[0008] A crushing component, installed inside the sorting box, for crushing the coal and gangue;

[0009] A first opening, opened at the top of the sorting box, and the first conveyor belt conveys the coal and gangue through the first opening and then enters the crushing component;

[0010] A sorting component, installed inside the sorting box, for sorting and outputting the crushed coal and gangue through the vibration generated by the operation of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine in cooperation with the airflow action;

[0011] A conveying component, installed between the crushing component and the sorting component, for conveying the crushed coal and gangue to the sorting component;

[0012] The sorting box is fixedly installed at the rear side of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, so that when the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine moves, it drives the sorting box to move synchronously. Then, the first conveyor belt is started, and the first conveyor belt conveys the coal and gangue mined during the tunneling process to the first opening, so that the coal and gangue fall into the crushing assembly after passing through the first opening. The crushing assembly crushes the coal and gangue, and after the coal and gangue are crushed to the set particle size, they enter the conveying assembly. Then, the conveying assembly conveys the coal and gangue to the sorting assembly, so that the crushed coal and gangue directly enter the interior of the sorting assembly. The sorting assembly sorts the coal and gangue through air flow. At the same time, under the vibration generated during the working process of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, the coal and gangue are driven to vibrate. Through the combined action of vibration and air flow, the coal and gangue are separated. The separated coal and gangue are respectively conveyed, so that the coal and gangue are respectively transported outwards after separation, which is beneficial to sorting the coal and gangue during the tunneling process, and thus beneficial to improving the mining efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes:

[0014] A crushing box, fixed inside the sorting box;

[0015] A mesh frame, fixed inside the crushing box;

[0016] Two crushing plates, symmetrically arranged inside the mesh frame;

[0017] Two cylinders, respectively installed inside the mesh frame through mounting boxes, and the two cylinders respectively drive the two crushing plates to move;

[0018] Two groups of crushing rollers, with multiple crushing rollers in one group, and the two groups of crushing rollers are respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates;

[0019] Multiple first motors, arranged corresponding to the crushing rollers one by one, respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates, and the first motors respectively drive the corresponding crushing rollers to rotate;

[0020] After the first motor starts, it can drive the crushing roller connected to it to rotate through the output shaft. Thus, when the crushing roller rotates, it can crush the coal and gangue entering the inside of the mesh frame. At the same time, when the two cylinders start, they can drive the two crushing plates to move towards each other through the telescopic rods respectively, so that the two crushing plates can push the coal and gangue to move and accumulate towards the middle. At the same time, the coal and gangue can be crushed by the extrusion of the crushing plates. This is conducive to making the coal and gangue accumulate in the middle and be crushed under the action of the crushing roller, which is conducive to improving the crushing effect of the coal and gangue. When the particle size of the crushed coal and gangue meets the requirements, the particles of the coal and gangue pass through the mesh frame and fall, while the coal and gangue with particle size not meeting the requirements continue to be crushed inside the mesh frame. This is conducive to avoiding the situation where the coal and gangue continuously stay inside the mesh frame and are crushed, resulting in too small particle size. This is conducive to making the coal and gangue be crushed to a particle size conducive to separation for separation, which is conducive to improving the separation efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0021] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes:

[0022] The second conveyor belt, one end of which is installed inside the crushing box and the other end is installed inside the separation box. The conveyor belt of the second conveyor belt is provided with pores.

[0023] The conveying box is fixed inside the separation box. The second conveyor belt conveys the crushed coal and gangue to the second opening of the conveying box. An inclined surface is arranged inside the conveying box.

[0024] The discharge port is opened at the bottom of the inclined surface.

[0025] The conveying roller is rotatably installed inside the discharge port. A number of conveying grooves are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the conveying roller.

[0026] The second motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveying box. The second motor drives the conveying roller to rotate.

[0027] After the crushed coal and gangue fall from the mesh frame, they pass through the second opening and enter the inside of the conveying box under the conveyance of the second conveyor belt. Then they slide down along the inclined surface inside the conveying box to the discharge port and accumulate at the position of the discharge port. After the second motor starts, it can drive the conveying roller connected to it to rotate through the output shaft. When the conveying roller rotates, the coal and gangue accumulated at the position of the discharge port enter the inside of the conveying grooves. Then, as the conveying roller rotates, the conveying grooves rotate. After the conveying grooves rotate through the discharge port, they drive the coal and gangue inside to pass through the discharge port together, thereby controlling the discharge amount of the coal and gangue, so that the coal and gangue can fall evenly to the separation assembly for separation. This is conducive to avoiding the situation where the coal and gangue accumulate in the separation assembly, so that when the coal and gangue are separated by air flow, the coal and gangue can move and separate under the action of the air flow.

[0028] Preferably, the sorting component includes:

[0029] Two communicating boxes, fixedly installed inside the sorting box;

[0030] A first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt, installed between the two communicating boxes;

[0031] A first air pump, fixed inside the sorting box, and communicated with one of the communicating boxes through an output end;

[0032] A second air pump, fixed inside the sorting box, and communicated with the other communicating box through an input end;

[0033] Two groups of ventilation openings, respectively installed on opposite sides of the two communicating boxes, and an air flow connection is formed between the two ventilation openings and passes through the surfaces of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt;

[0034] Two blanking pipes, fixed on the side wall of the sorting box, and respectively aligned with the ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt;

[0035] After the first air pump is started, high-pressure air flow is conveyed into the communicating box communicated with it, so that the high-pressure air flow inside the communicating box is discharged from the ventilation opening. After the second air pump is started, the air flow inside the communicating box communicated with it is extracted, so that a negative pressure state is formed inside the communicating box, so that the external air flow enters the communicating box through the ventilation opening. Thus, between the two ventilation openings, a state is formed in which one ventilation opening outputs high-pressure air flow outward and the other ventilation opening sucks in air flow inward. At the same time, since an air flow connection is formed between the two ventilation openings, the high-pressure air flow output from one ventilation opening flows to the other ventilation opening and enters the ventilation opening, so that an air flow path is formed between the two ventilation openings;

[0036] The coal and gangue conveyed by the conveying component are evenly spread on the first conveyor belt located between the two ventilation openings. As the first conveyor belt conveys, the coal and gangue gradually move between the two ventilation openings, so that the coal and gangue are continuously affected by the air flow during the movement. At this time, the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine will vibrate during operation, and the vibration effect will drive the coal and gangue to vibrate. When the coal and gangue are affected by the air flow during the vibration process, under the action of the strong air flow, the lighter coal is driven to move a longer distance, so that the lighter coal moves to the second conveyor belt under the action of the air flow for conveying. Thus, it is beneficial to separate the coal and gangue by the action of the air flow and vibration, and combined with the setting of the crushing component, the coal and gangue are crushed to a suitable particle size for separation, which is beneficial to directly separate the coal and gangue after mining and is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0037] Preferably, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0038] A third conveyor belt, disposed between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt;

[0039] A conveying pipe, fixed inside the sorting box, with its lower end communicating with the crushing box and located above the second conveyor belt, and its upper end located at the end of the third conveyor belt;

[0040] The third conveyor belt is located between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. When separating coal and gangue by air flow, some coal and gangue are difficult to be completely separated and will be mixed at the junction of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. By setting the third conveyor belt at the junction, the partially separated coal and gangue can be conveyed on the third conveyor belt, and then enter the conveying pipe from the end of the third conveyor belt, and enter the second conveyor belt along the conveying pipe to re-enter the conveying assembly, so as to separate the incompletely separated coal and gangue again, which is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of coal and gangue, and is also beneficial to avoiding the situation of resource waste caused by the incompletely separated coal and gangue mixing into the interior of coal or gangue for conveying.

[0041] It should be noted that the third motor can drive the conveying roller to rotate through the output shaft, and the conveying roller drives the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt to convey synchronously, so that the conveyings of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt are kept synchronous. The first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt are all supported by separate rotating rollers.

[0042] Preferably, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0043] The surfaces of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt are flush and are commonly inclined, and the first conveyor belt is located at the lower inclined end;

[0044] The first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt are commonly inclined, and the first conveyor belt is located at the lower inclined end. When the coal and gangue move towards the third conveyor belt under the action of air flow, they have an upward slope trend. Since the gravity of the gangue is relatively large, the upward resistance of the gangue is greater. This is beneficial to increasing the distance between the coal and the gangue after they move under the action of air flow, which is beneficial to promoting the separation of coal and gangue, and is also beneficial to improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0045] Preferably, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0046] Friction layers are provided on the surfaces of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt;

[0047] A smooth layer is provided on the surface of the third conveyor belt;

[0048] The smooth layer provided on the surface of the third conveyor belt reduces the frictional force when the coal reaches the surface of the third conveyor belt, which is conducive to promoting the coal to pass through the third conveyor belt and enter the second conveyor belt. During the process of the coal passing through the two, due to the setting of the friction layer on the second conveyor belt, the frictional force increases, which hinders the movement of the coal. At this time, due to the relatively small mass of the coal, the coal can break through the obstacle under the action of the air flow and reach the second conveyor belt to achieve separation. Similarly, when the gangue reaches the third conveyor belt from the second conveyor belt, it will be hindered due to the sudden increase in the resistance at the edge of the third conveyor belt. Since the mass of the gangue itself is relatively large, it is difficult for the action of the air flow to drive the gangue to break through the frictional resistance and enter the second conveyor belt, thus blocking the second conveyor belt, which is conducive to promoting the separation of coal and gangue between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, and is conducive to improving the separation effect of coal and gangue.

[0049] Preferably, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0050] A detection box, fixedly installed inside the sorting box. A plurality of detectors are installed at the bottom of the detection box, and the detection box is located directly above the third conveyor belt;

[0051] The detectors provided on the detection box can distinguish coal and gangue by color. When it detects that the mixed area of coal and gangue is biased towards the second conveyor belt, it can control the first air pump and the second air pump to reduce the air flow velocity. When it detects that the mixed area of coal and gangue is biased towards the first conveyor belt, it can control the first air pump and the second air pump to increase the air flow velocity, which is conducive to controlling the mixed area of coal and gangue to be located on the third conveyor belt, which is conducive to avoiding the situation of confusion caused by coal and gangue mixing into the conveying area of coal or gangue, and is conducive to improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0052] Preferably, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0053] A support frame, fixed inside the sorting box;

[0054] Two fourth motors, symmetrically fixed on the top of the support frame;

[0055] Two rotating frames, symmetrically rotatably installed at the ends of the support frame, and the two fourth motors drive the two rotating frames to rotate;

[0056] Two moving rods, respectively fixed to the bottoms of the two rotating frames away from the support frame;

[0057] Two guiding plates, respectively fixed between the two moving rods and the two support frames;

[0058] When the fourth motor starts, it can drive the rotating frame connected to it to rotate through the output shaft. The rotating frame drives the moving rod to rotate, and the moving rod drives the guiding plate to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle between the two guiding plates. By adjusting the included angle between the two guiding plates, the range of guiding coal or gangue into the third conveyor belt is adjusted, which is conducive to avoiding the situation that the unseparated range of coal or gangue is larger than the width of the third conveyor belt, resulting in part of the coal or gangue mixture being discharged through the feeding pipeline along with the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, thereby being conducive to improving the separation effect of coal or gangue.

[0059] Second, a tunneling process for a combined roadheader-anchoring machine in a strongly water-rich coal roadway is provided. This process includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive geological exploration of the target coal seam and its surrounding rock strata. Based on the exploration results, analyze the possible problems and formulate corresponding countermeasures.

[0061] Step 2: Select a suitable main model of the roadheader-anchoring machine according to factors such as the roadway section size and dip angle, and install and fix the sorting box on the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine to complete assembly and debugging.

[0062] Step 3: During the tunneling and anchoring process, the coal and gangue are conveyed to the crushing component by the first conveyor belt for crushing. The crushed coal and gangue are conveyed by the conveying component to the sorting component for sorting, so that the coal and gangue are automatically sorted during the working vibration process of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, and the sorted coal and gangue are transported to the ground.

[0063] Step 4: The materials are lowered by the cage. After the materials are loaded into the mine car on the ground and lowered to the bottom of the well, they are transported to the working face by the explosion-proof trackless rubber-tyred vehicle.

[0064] Step 5: Install a purification water curtain at 50 m from the working face and 150 m from the return air outlet of the tunneling roadway. The purification water curtain covers the entire cross-section of the roadway. A dust supplement net is set in the range of 200 m in the back roadway, and a dust removal fan and support operations are arranged behind the fully mechanized roadheader.

[0065] Step 6: A coal baffle is arranged on one side of the cutting part of the roadheader-anchoring machine, and the loader cooperates with manual labor to clean the floating coal.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] 1. Through the setting of the sorting component, the present invention enables the coal and gangue to generate vibrations under the vibration action generated during the working process of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine. Through the combined action of vibration and air flow, the coal and gangue are separated, and the separated coal and gangue are respectively conveyed, so that the coal and gangue are respectively transported outwards after separation, which is conducive to sorting the coal and gangue during the tunneling process, and thus conducive to improving the mining efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0068] 2. The present invention provides a third conveyor belt, which enables the re-separation of incompletely separated coal and gangue, facilitating the improvement of the separation efficiency of coal and gangue, and avoiding the waste of resources caused by the mixing of incompletely separated coal and gangue into the interior of coal or gangue for transportation.

[0069] 3. The present invention provides a detection box, which helps to control the mixing area of coal and gangue on the third conveyor belt, thus avoiding the confusion caused by the mixing of coal and gangue into the transportation areas of coal or gangue, and improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0072] Figure 3 It is for the Figure 2 enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0074] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0075] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention Figure 4 .

[0076] Figure 7 It is for the Figure 6 enlarged schematic diagram of part B of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

[0078] In the figure: 1. Sorting box; 101. First conveyor belt; 102. First opening; 2. Crushing box; 201. Mesh frame; 202. Second conveyor belt; 3. Crushing plate; 301. Crushing roller; 302. Installation box; 303. Cylinder; 304. First motor; 4. Conveying box; 401. Second opening; 402. Feeding port; 403. Conveying roller; 404. Second motor; 405. Inclined plane; 501. First transmission belt; 502. Second transmission belt; 503. Third transmission belt; 504. Third motor; 505. Conveying pipe; 6. Ventilation opening; 601. Connecting box; 602. First air pump; 603. Second air pump; 7. Feeding pipeline; 8. Support frame; 801. Fourth motor; 802. Rotating frame; 803. Moving rod; 804. Guide plate; 805. Detection box. Detailed implementation mode

[0079] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and other obvious variations can be thought of by those skilled in the art.

[0080] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, a combined roadheader-anchor rig for strongly water-rich coal roadway includes the main body of the roadheader-anchor rig, and further includes:

[0081] A sorting box 1, detachably and fixedly installed at the rear side of the main body of the roadheader-anchor rig;

[0082] A first conveyor belt 101, installed between the top of the main body of the roadheader-anchor rig and the sorting box 1, for conveying the collected coal and gangue to the sorting box 1;

[0083] A crushing assembly, installed inside the sorting box 1, for crushing coal and gangue;

[0084] A first opening 102, opened at the top of the sorting box 1, and the coal and gangue conveyed by the first conveyor belt 101 enter the crushing assembly after passing through the first opening 102;

[0085] A sorting assembly, installed inside the sorting box 1, for sorting and outputting the crushed coal and gangue through the vibration generated by the operation of the roadheader-anchor rig main body in cooperation with the airflow action;

[0086] A conveying assembly, installed between the crushing assembly and the sorting assembly, for conveying the crushed coal and gangue to the sorting assembly;

[0087] During the tunneling construction process of the roadheader-anchor rig, the excavated coal and gangue need to be conveyed outwards, and the separation of the two is carried out after the conveying, so that the overall construction process requires many steps, and the excavated coal and gangue are relatively large in volume, occupying a large amount of space during the conveying process, resulting in an increase in the conveying cost and a reduction in the construction efficiency;

[0088] This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems. The specific implementation method is as follows. The sorting box 1 is fixedly installed at the rear side of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, so that when the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine moves, it drives the sorting box 1 to move synchronously. Then, the first conveyor belt 101 is started. The first conveyor belt 101 conveys the coal and gangue mined during the tunneling process to the first opening 102, so that the coal and gangue fall into the crushing assembly after passing through the first opening 102. The crushing assembly crushes the coal and gangue, and after the coal and gangue are crushed to the set particle size, they enter the conveying assembly. Then, the conveying assembly conveys the coal and gangue to the sorting assembly, so that the crushed coal and gangue directly enter the interior of the sorting assembly. The sorting assembly sorts the coal and gangue through air flow. At the same time, under the vibration generated during the operation of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, it drives the coal and gangue to vibrate. Through the combined action of vibration and air flow, the coal and gangue are separated. The separated coal and gangue are respectively conveyed, so that the coal and gangue are respectively transported outwards after separation, which is beneficial to sorting the coal and gangue during the tunneling process, and thus beneficial to improving the mining efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0089] As an optional embodiment, the crushing assembly includes:

[0090] A crushing box 2, fixed inside the sorting box 1;

[0091] A mesh frame 201, fixed inside the crushing box 2;

[0092] Two crushing plates 3, symmetrically arranged inside the mesh frame 201;

[0093] Two cylinders 303, respectively installed inside the mesh frame 201 through mounting boxes 302, and the two cylinders 303 respectively drive the two crushing plates 3 to move;

[0094] Two groups of crushing rollers 301, with multiple crushing rollers 301 in one group, and the two groups of crushing rollers 301 are respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates 3;

[0095] Multiple first motors 304, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the crushing rollers 301, respectively rotatably installed on the opposite sides of the two crushing plates 3, and the first motors 304 respectively drive the corresponding crushing rollers 301 to rotate;

[0096] After the first motor 304 starts, it can drive the crushing roller 301 connected thereto to rotate through the output shaft, so that when the crushing roller 301 rotates, it can crush the coal and gangue entering the inside of the wire mesh frame 201. At the same time, when the two cylinders 303 start, they can drive the two crushing plates 3 to move towards each other through the telescopic rods respectively, so that the two crushing plates 3 can push the coal and gangue to move and accumulate towards the middle, and at the same time, the coal and gangue can be crushed by the extrusion of the crushing plates 3, which is beneficial to make the coal and gangue accumulate in the middle and be crushed by the crushing roller 301, thus being beneficial to improving the crushing effect of the coal and gangue. When the particle size of the crushed coal and gangue meets the requirements, the particles of the coal and gangue pass through the wire mesh frame 201 and fall, while the coal and gangue with particle size not meeting the requirements continue to be crushed inside the wire mesh frame 201, which is beneficial to avoid the situation that the coal and gangue continuously stay inside the wire mesh frame 201 and are crushed, resulting in too small particle size, thus being beneficial to making the coal and gangue be crushed to a particle size conducive to separation for separation, and thus being beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0097] As an alternative embodiment, the conveying assembly includes:

[0098] The second conveyor belt 202, one end of which is installed inside the crushing box 2 and the other end is installed inside the separation box 1, and the conveyor belt of the second conveyor belt 202 is provided with pores;

[0099] The conveying box 4 is fixed inside the separation box 1. The second conveyor belt 202 conveys the crushed coal and gangue to the second opening 401 of the conveying box 4, and an inclined surface 405 is arranged inside the conveying box 4;

[0100] The discharge port 402 is opened at the bottom of the inclined surface 405;

[0101] The conveying roller 403 is rotatably installed inside the discharge port 402, and a plurality of conveying grooves are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the conveying roller 403;

[0102] The second motor 404 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveying box 4, and the second motor 404 drives the conveying roller 403 to rotate;

[0103] After the crushed coal and gangue fall from the wire frame 201, they are conveyed by the second conveyor belt 202 and pass through the second opening 401 into the interior of the conveying box 4. Subsequently, they slide down along the inclined plane 405 inside the conveying box 4 to the feeding port 402 and accumulate at the position of the feeding port 402. After the second motor 404 is started, it can drive the conveying roller 403 connected thereto to rotate through the output shaft. When the conveying roller 403 rotates, the coal and gangue accumulated at the position of the feeding port 402 enter the interior of the conveying trough. Subsequently, as the conveying roller 403 rotates, the conveying trough rotates. After the conveying trough rotates through the feeding port 402, it drives the coal and gangue inside to pass through the feeding port 402 together, thereby controlling the feeding amount of the coal and gangue, so that the coal and gangue can fall evenly to the sorting component for sorting, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the coal and gangue accumulate on the sorting component and causing the coal and gangue to move and separate under the action of air flow when sorting the coal and gangue by air flow.

[0104] As an alternative embodiment, the sorting component includes:

[0105] Two communicating boxes 601, fixedly installed inside the sorting box 1;

[0106] The first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502, installed between the two communicating boxes 601;

[0107] The first air pump 602, fixed inside the sorting box 1, and communicated with one of the communicating boxes 601 through the output end;

[0108] The second air pump 603, fixed inside the sorting box 1, and communicated with the other communicating box 601 through the input end;

[0109] Two groups of ventilation openings 6, respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two communicating boxes 601, and an air flow connection is formed between the two ventilation openings 6 and passes through the surfaces of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502;

[0110] Two feeding pipes 7, fixed on the side wall of the sorting box 1, and respectively aligned with the ends of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502;

[0111] After the first air pump 602 is started, it conveys high-pressure air flow into the interior of the communication box 601 connected thereto, so that the high-pressure air flow inside the communication box 601 is discharged from the ventilation opening 6. After the second air pump 603 is started, it extracts the air flow inside the communication box 601 connected thereto, so that a negative pressure state is formed inside the communication box 601, thereby enabling the external air flow to enter the interior of the communication box 601 through the ventilation opening 6. Thus, between the two ventilation openings 6, a state is formed where one ventilation opening 6 outputs high-pressure air flow outward, and the other ventilation opening 6 takes in air flow inward. At the same time, due to the formation of air flow connection between the two ventilation openings 6, the high-pressure air flow output from one ventilation opening 6 flows toward the other ventilation opening 6 and enters the interior of the ventilation opening 6, thereby forming a flow path of air flow between the two ventilation openings 6;

[0112] The coal and gangue conveyed by the conveying assembly are evenly spread on the first conveyor belt 501 located between the two ventilation openings 6. With the conveying of the first conveyor belt 501, the coal and gangue gradually move between the two ventilation openings 6, so that the coal and gangue are continuously affected by the air flow during the movement. At this time, the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine will vibrate during operation, and the vibration effect will drive the coal and gangue to vibrate. When the coal and gangue are affected by the air flow during the vibration process, under the action of the strong air flow, the lighter coal is driven to move a farther distance, so that the lighter coal moves onto the second conveyor belt 502 under the action of the air flow for conveying. Thus, it is beneficial to separate the coal and gangue through the action of the air flow and vibration, and combined with the setting of the crushing assembly, the coal and gangue are crushed to a suitable particle size for separation, which is beneficial to directly separate the coal and gangue after mining and is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0113] As an alternative embodiment, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0114] A third conveyor belt 503, arranged between the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502;

[0115] A conveying pipe 505, fixed inside the sorting box 1, with the lower end communicating with the crushing box 2 and located above the second conveyor belt 202, and the upper end located at the end of the third conveyor belt 503;

[0116] The third conveyor belt 503 is located between the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502. When separating coal and gangue by air flow, it is difficult for some coal and gangue to be completely separated and they will be mixed at the junction of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502. By arranging the third conveyor belt 503 at the junction, the part of coal and gangue that is difficult to separate can be conveyed on the third conveyor belt 503, and then enter the conveying pipe 505 from the end of the third conveyor belt 503 and enter the second conveyor belt 202 along the conveying pipe 505 to re-enter the conveying assembly, so that the coal and gangue that are not completely separated can be separated again, which is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of coal and gangue, and is beneficial to avoiding the situation of resource waste caused by the uncompletely separated coal and gangue being mixed into the interior of coal or gangue for conveying.

[0117] It should be noted that the third motor 504 can drive the conveyor roller to rotate through the output shaft, and the conveyor roller drives the first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502 and the third conveyor belt 503 to synchronously convey, so that the conveyances of the first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502 and the third conveyor belt 503 are kept synchronous. The first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502 and the third conveyor belt 503 are all supported by separate rotating rollers.

[0118] As an alternative embodiment, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0119] The surfaces of the first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502 and the third conveyor belt 503 are flush and are commonly arranged obliquely, and the first conveyor belt 501 is located at the lower inclined end;

[0120] The first conveyor belt 501, the second conveyor belt 502 and the third conveyor belt 503 are commonly arranged obliquely, and the first conveyor belt 501 is located at the lower inclined end. When the coal and gangue move towards the third conveyor belt 503 under the action of air flow, there is a tendency to go uphill. Since the gravity of the gangue is relatively large, the upward resistance of the gangue is greater, which is beneficial to increasing the distance between the coal and the gangue after moving under the action of air flow, which is beneficial to promoting the separation of coal and gangue, and which is beneficial to improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0121] As an alternative embodiment, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0122] Friction layers are arranged on the surfaces of the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502;

[0123] A smooth layer is arranged on the surface of the third conveyor belt 503;

[0124] The smooth layer provided on the surface of the third conveyor belt 503 reduces the frictional force when the coal reaches the surface of the third conveyor belt 503, which is conducive to promoting the coal to pass through the third conveyor belt 503 and enter the second conveyor belt 502. During the process of the coal passing through the two, due to the setting of the friction layer on the second conveyor belt 502, the frictional force increases, which hinders the movement of the coal. At this time, due to the relatively small mass of the coal, the coal can break through the obstruction under the action of the air flow and reach the second conveyor belt 502 to achieve sorting. Similarly, when the gangue reaches the third conveyor belt 503 from the second conveyor belt 502, it will be obstructed by the sudden increase in the edge resistance of the third conveyor belt 503 to the gangue. Since the mass of the gangue itself is relatively large, it is difficult for the action of the air flow to drive the gangue to break through the frictional resistance and enter the second conveyor belt 502, thus blocking the second conveyor belt 502, which is conducive to promoting the separation of coal and gangue between the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502 and improving the sorting effect of coal and gangue.

[0125] As an alternative embodiment, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0126] A detection box 805, fixedly installed inside the sorting box 1. A plurality of detectors are installed at the bottom of the detection box 805, and the detection box 805 is located directly above the third conveyor belt 503;

[0127] The detectors provided on the detection box 805 can distinguish coal and gangue by color. When it detects that the mixed area of coal and gangue is biased towards the second conveyor belt 502, it can control the first air pump 602 and the second air pump 603 to reduce the air flow velocity. When it detects that the mixed area of coal and gangue is biased towards the first conveyor belt 501, it can control the first air pump 602 and the second air pump 603 to increase the air flow velocity, which is conducive to controlling the mixed area of coal and gangue to be located on the third conveyor belt 503, avoiding the situation of coal and gangue being mixed into the conveying area of coal or gangue and causing confusion, and improving the sorting efficiency of coal and gangue.

[0128] As an alternative embodiment, the sorting assembly further includes:

[0129] A support frame 8, fixed inside the sorting box 1;

[0130] Two fourth motors 801, symmetrically fixed on the top of the support frame 8;

[0131] Two rotating frames 802, symmetrically rotatably installed at the ends of the support frame 8, and the two fourth motors 801 drive the two rotating frames 802 to rotate;

[0132] Two moving rods 803, respectively fixed to the bottoms of the two rotating frames 802 away from the support frame 8;

[0133] Two guiding plates 804 are respectively fixed between two moving rods 803 and two support frames 8;

[0134] When the fourth motor 801 starts, it can drive the rotating frame 802 connected thereto to rotate through the output shaft. The rotating frame 802 drives the moving rod 803 to rotate, and the moving rod 803 drives the guiding plate 804 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle between the two guiding plates 804. By adjusting the included angle between the two guiding plates 804, the range of guiding coal or gangue into the third conveyor belt 503 is adjusted, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the unseparated range of coal or gangue is larger than the width of the third conveyor belt 503, resulting in part of the coal or gangue mixture being discharged from the feeding pipe 7 along with the first conveyor belt 501 and the second conveyor belt 502. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the separation effect of coal or gangue.

[0135] Such as Figure 8 shown in the tunneling process of a combined roadheader-anchoring machine for strongly water-rich coal roadway, this process includes the following steps:

[0136] Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive geological exploration of the target coal seam and its surrounding rock strata. Based on the exploration results, analyze the possible problems and formulate corresponding countermeasures;

[0137] Step 2: Select a suitable main model of the roadheader-anchoring machine according to factors such as the roadway section size and inclination angle, and install and fix the sorting box 1 on the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine to complete the assembly and debugging;

[0138] Step 3: During the tunneling and anchoring process, the coal and gangue are conveyed to the crushing component through the first conveyor belt 101 for crushing. The crushed coal and gangue are conveyed by the conveying component to the sorting component for sorting, and the coal and gangue during the tunneling and anchoring process are automatically sorted during the working vibration of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, and the sorted coal and gangue are transported to the ground;

[0139] Step 4: The materials are lowered by the cage. After the materials are loaded into the mine car on the ground and lowered to the bottom of the well, they are transported to the working face by the explosion-proof trackless rubber-tired vehicle;

[0140] Step 5: Install a purification water curtain at 50 m from the working face and 150 m from the return air outlet of the tunneling roadway. The purification water curtain covers the entire cross-section of the roadway. A dust compensation net is set in the range of 200 m in the back roadway, and a dust removal fan and support operations are arranged behind the fully mechanized roadheader;

[0141] Step 6: A coal baffle is arranged on one side of the cutting part of the roadheader-anchoring machine, and the loader cooperates with manual labor to clean the floating coal.

[0142] Working principle of the present invention: The sorting box 1 is fixedly installed at the rear side of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, so that when the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine moves, the sorting box 1 is driven to move synchronously. Then, the first conveyor belt 101 is started, and the first conveyor belt 101 conveys the coal and gangue mined during the tunneling process to the first opening 102, so that the coal and gangue fall into the crushing assembly after passing through the first opening 102. The crushing assembly crushes the coal and gangue, and the coal and gangue are crushed to the set particle size and then enter the conveying assembly. Subsequently, the conveying assembly conveys the coal and gangue to the sorting assembly, so that the crushed coal and gangue directly enter the interior of the sorting assembly. The sorting assembly sorts the coal and gangue through air flow. At the same time, under the vibration generated during the working process of the main body of the roadheader-anchoring machine, the coal and gangue are driven to vibrate. Through the combined action of vibration and air flow, the coal and gangue are separated, and the separated coal and gangue are conveyed respectively, so that the coal and gangue are transported outwards respectively after separation, which is beneficial to sorting the coal and gangue during the tunneling process, and thus beneficial to improving the mining efficiency of the coal and gangue.

[0143] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A combined anchoring and digging machine for strong and water-rich coal tunnels, comprising an integrated anchoring and digging machine body, characterized in that: Also includes: A sorting box (1) is detachably fixedly mounted on the rear side of the main body of the anchoring and digging machine; A first conveyor belt (101) is installed between the main body of the integrated mining and anchoring machine and the top of the separation box (1) and is used to convey the collected coal and gangue to the separation box (1); A crushing assembly, installed inside the separation box (1), for crushing coal and gangue; A first opening (102) is provided at the top of the separation box (1), and a first conveyor belt (101) conveys coal and gangue through the first opening (102) and then enters the crushing assembly; A sorting component is installed inside the sorting box (1) and is used to sort and output the crushed coal and gangue through the vibration generated by the working of the main body of the mining and anchoring machine in combination with the action of airflow; The conveying assembly is installed between the crushing assembly and the sorting assembly, and is used to convey the crushed coal and gangue to the sorting assembly.

2. A combined anchoring machine for strong water-rich coal tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly comprises: A crushing box (2) is fixed inside the sorting box (1); A mesh frame (201) is fixed inside the crushing box (2); Two crushing plates (3) are symmetrically arranged inside the mesh frame (201); Two cylinders (303) are respectively installed inside the net frame (201) through the installation box (302), and the two cylinders (303) respectively drive the two crushing plates (3) to move; Two groups of crushing rollers (301), a plurality of the crushing rollers (301) form one group, and the two groups of crushing rollers (301) are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two crushing plates (3); A plurality of first motors (304) are arranged one by one corresponding to the crushing rollers (301), and are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two crushing plates (3). The first motors (304) respectively drive the corresponding crushing rollers (301) to rotate.

3. A combined anchoring machine for strong water-rich coal tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying assembly comprises: A second conveyor belt (202), one end of which is installed inside the crushing box (2), and the other end of which is installed inside the sorting box (1), and the conveyor belt of the second conveyor belt (202) is multi-porous; A conveying box (4) is fixed inside the separation box (1), the second conveyor belt (202) conveys the crushed coal and gangue to the second opening (401) of the conveying box (4), and an inclined surface (405) is provided inside the conveying box (4); A feed opening (402) is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface (405); A conveying roller (403) is rotatably mounted inside the material discharge port (402), and a plurality of conveying grooves are provided on the outer wall of the conveying roller (403) in a circular array; The second motor (404) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the conveying box (4), and the second motor (404) drives the conveying roller (403) to rotate.

4. A combined anchoring and digging machine for strong water-rich coal tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sorting component comprises: Two connecting boxes (601) are fixedly installed inside the sorting box (1); A first conveyor belt (501) and a second conveyor belt (502) are installed between the two connecting boxes (601); A first air pump (602) is fixed inside the separation box (1) and is connected to one of the connecting boxes (601) through an output end; A second air pump (603) is fixed inside the separation box (1) and is connected to another connection box (601) through an input end; Two groups of vents (6) are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two connecting boxes (601), and airflow is connected between the two vents (6) and passes through the surfaces of the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502); Two material discharge pipes (7) are fixed on the side wall of the sorting box (1) and are aligned with the ends of the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502) respectively.

5. The combined anchoring and digging machine for strong water-rich coal tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sorting component also includes: A third conveyor belt (503) is arranged between the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502); The conveying pipe (505) is fixed inside the sorting box (1), the lower end of which is connected to the crushing box (2) and is located above the second conveying belt (202), and the upper end of which is located at the end of the third conveying belt (503).

6. A combined anchoring and digging machine for strong water-rich coal tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sorting component also includes: The surfaces of the first conveyor belt (501), the second conveyor belt (502) and the third conveyor belt (503) are flush and are arranged in an inclined manner, with the first conveyor belt (501) being located at the lower inclined end.

7. A combined anchoring machine for strong water-rich coal tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sorting component also includes: The surfaces of the first conveyor belt (501) and the second conveyor belt (502) are both provided with a friction layer; The surface of the third conveyor belt (503) is provided with a smooth layer.

8. The combined anchoring and digging machine for strong water-rich coal tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sorting component also includes: The detection box (805) is fixedly installed inside the sorting box (1), and a plurality of detectors are installed at the bottom of the detection box (805). The detection box (805) is located directly above the third conveyor belt (503).

9. A combined anchoring machine for strong water-rich coal tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sorting component also includes: A support frame (8) fixed inside the sorting box (1); Two fourth motors (801) are symmetrically fixed on the top of the support frame (8); Two rotating frames (802) are symmetrically mounted on the ends of the support frame (8) for rotation, and the two fourth motors (801) drive the two rotating frames (802) to rotate; Two moving rods (803) are respectively fixed to the bottom of one end of the two rotating frames (802) away from the supporting frame (8); The two guide plates (804) are respectively fixed between the two moving rods (803) and the two supporting frames (8).

10. A tunneling process of a combined anchoring machine for a strong and water-rich coal tunnel, applicable to a combined anchoring machine for a strong and water-rich coal tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive geological survey of the target coal seam and its surrounding rock formations, analyze the possible problems based on the survey results, and formulate corresponding countermeasures; Step 2: Select an appropriate model of the anchor-digger machine according to the tunnel section size, inclination angle and other factors, and install and fix the sorting box (1) on the anchor-digger machine to complete assembly and debugging; Step 3: During the anchoring process, the coal and gangue are conveyed to the crushing assembly by the first conveyor belt (101) for crushing. The crushed coal and gangue are conveyed to the sorting assembly by the conveying assembly for sorting. The coal and gangue during the anchoring process are automatically sorted during the working vibration of the main body of the anchoring and digging machine, and the sorted coal and gangue are transported to the ground; Step 4: The materials are lowered from the cage, loaded into the mine car on the ground and lowered to the bottom of the well, and then transported to the working surface by the explosion-proof trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle; Step 5: Install a purification water curtain at 50m from the working face and 150m from the return air outlet in the excavation tunnel. The purification water curtain covers the entire section of the tunnel. A dust-suppression net is set within 200m of the rear tunnel. A dust removal fan and support operations are arranged behind the tunneling machine. Step 6: A coal blocking plate is set on one side of the cutting part of the anchor and digging machine, and the loader cooperates with manual work to clear the floating coal.

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