Hard alloy drill bit spiral groove machining device

Abstract

The invention discloses a hard alloy drill bit spiral groove machining device, which belongs to the technical field of machine tool machining equipment, and comprises a machine tool main body, a horizontally fixed slide rail frame is arranged in the machine tool main body, the slide rail frame is slidably and adjustably assembled with a machine base, and a spindle box is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame in the machine tool main body; a spiral feeding unit is arranged between the spindle box and the machine base, and two clamping openings are symmetrically formed in the spiral feeding unit. A rotary slotting device is mounted at the same horizontal height of the spiral feeding unit in the machine tool main body; the two clamping chucks are used for clamping the end of the alloy drill rod, when the main shaft rod rotates forwards and backwards, the shaft columns on one sides of the clamping chucks can be in sliding fit with the shaft sleeve through the threaded guide grooves, so that the alloy drill rod conducts composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feeding, and the motion synchronization error is reduced; the spiral groove can be pre-formed, follow-up machining vibration is reduced, and groove type consistency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool processing equipment, and specifically relates to a spiral groove processing device for carbide drills. Background Art

[0002] Due to its excellent hardness and wear resistance, carbide drills are widely used in the processing fields of various high-strength materials. In order to improve their cutting performance, spiral grooves are usually machined on the drills to form effective chip removal channels and improve the cutting effect. In traditional technologies, the processing equipment for spiral grooves of alloy drills generally drives the drill rod to rotate circumferentially through a spindle motor and relies on a lead screw drive or a hydraulic system to control the axial movement of the drill rod. Usually, multiple clamping operations are required to complete rough machining grooving and finish machining trimming. The process chain is long and it is difficult to ensure machining accuracy. Moreover, rotation and feeding (lead screw / hydraulic pressure) are two sets of independent drive systems that rely on numerical control interpolation algorithms to cooperate. There are response delays (50ms - 100ms) and pulse equivalent cumulative errors, which easily lead to certain machining errors in the lead accuracy of the thread grooves. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a spiral groove processing device for carbide drills to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spiral groove processing device for carbide drills, which includes: a machine tool main body, inside which a horizontally fixed slide rail frame is provided, the slide rail frame is slidably and adjustably assembled with a machine base, a spindle box is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame inside the machine tool main body, a spiral feeding unit is arranged between the spindle box and the machine base, and two clamping ports are symmetrically arranged inside the spiral feeding unit for horizontally clamping and positioning the ends of alloy drill rods; a rotary grooving device is installed at the same horizontal height as the spiral feeding unit inside the machine tool main body; the spiral feeding unit includes: two fixed guide cylinders, which are symmetrically arranged, each fixed guide cylinder is fixed to the machine base and the spindle box respectively, on the opposite sides of the two fixed guide cylinders, sleeve seats are coaxially fixed, the sleeve seats and the inside of the fixed guide cylinders form a guide cavity, a horizontally arranged guide rod is fixed inside the guide cavity, and a collar is slidably installed on the guide rod; a clamping chuck is coaxially and rotatably arranged inside the collar, and the end of the alloy drill rod is clamped and fixed inside the clamping chuck.

[0004] Preferably, a shaft sleeve is fixed inside the machine base, a shaft column is coaxially arranged inside the shaft sleeve, one end of the shaft column is connected to the clamping chuck; a spiral guide groove is formed on the outer wall of the shaft column, and a plurality of guide pins are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve, and each guide pin is slidably connected to the spiral guide groove.

[0005] Preferably, the shaft column feeds axially along the shaft sleeve. Through the sliding action of the guide pin and the spiral guide groove, a compound movement of circumferential rotation and axial feed is synchronously generated in the alloy drill pipe between the clamping chucks. The curvature radius of the spiral guide groove maintains a preset ratio with the designed curvature radius of the spiral groove to be machined on the alloy drill pipe.

[0006] Preferably, a main shaft rod is horizontally rotatably connected inside the headstock. An inner shaft is slidably arranged at the center inside the main shaft rod, and one end of the inner shaft is connected to the clamping chuck. A swing shaft is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the machine base. The swing shaft and the shaft column are concentrically arranged. A connecting shaft is slidably connected inside the swing shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft extends into the shaft column and is fixed to the shaft column.

[0007] Preferably, a swing motor is arranged outside the machine base. The output end of the swing motor is connected and driven to the swing shaft through a transmission belt. After the main shaft rod in the headstock completes a preset axial feed amount, the swing motor intervenes to work and drives the shaft column to rotate forward and backward through the swing shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a positioning plate is vertically fixed inside the shaft sleeve seat. A micro drill is vertically slidably connected to the positioning plate through a slide rail. Arc-shaped liquid channels are opened on both sides of the micro drill on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve seat. A liquid supply pipe is connected outside the arc-shaped liquid channel. A plurality of jet holes are opened on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve seat, and the jet holes are communicated with the arc-shaped liquid channel. A liquid discharge port is opened below the inner wall of the shaft sleeve seat.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary grooving device includes: a frame, on the side of which a first rotating seat is slidably installed through a linear guide pair. A guide rail frame is assembled outside the first rotating seat. A sliding seat is slidably installed on the guide rail frame through a ball screw mechanism. A second rotating seat is installed on one end face of the sliding seat. A fixed beam plate is assembled on the second rotating seat, and a cyclone cutter is rotatably arranged inside the fixed beam plate.

[0010] Preferably, the micro drill in the spiral feeding unit first opens a spiral groove on the surface of the alloy drill pipe, and the rotary grooving device performs grooving processing on the alloy drill pipe based on the spiral groove.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the two fixed guide cylinders mainly used on the machine tool body and the sleeve seats form corresponding guide cavities, and clamping chucks are respectively arranged in the guide cavities for clamping the ends of the alloy drill rods, so that when the spindle rod of the spindle box rotates forward and backward, the alloy drill rods between the clamping chucks are driven to rotate by the inner shaft, and at the same time, the shaft column on one side of the clamping chuck can slide with the sleeve tube through the threaded guide groove, so that the alloy drill rods can perform a composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feeding, thereby reducing the motion synchronization error. Compared with the traditional technology in which two independent systems are used for the rotation (spindle drive) and axial feeding (screw / hydraulic) to cooperate, the present invention has a smaller processing error, can realize speed adjustment during the processing, and does not affect the processing accuracy of the spiral groove; wherein, a micro drill is also arranged in each sleeve seat, and the micro drill can realize the pre-opening of the spiral groove in the forward and reverse rapid rotation of the alloy drill rod, so that the subsequent rotary slotting device can perform slotting processing based on the spiral groove, thereby reducing the subsequent processing vibration, further improving the processing accuracy, and ensuring the consistency of the groove type. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spiral feeding unit in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the central axis column of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the micro drilling rig in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc-shaped liquid channel in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary slotting device in the present invention; In the figure: 1. machine tool body; 11. spindle box; 12. slide rail frame; 13. spindle rod; 14. inner shaft; 2. machine base; 21. shaft sleeve; 22. shaft column; 23. spiral guide groove; 24. guide pin; 25. swing shaft; 26. connecting shaft; 3. rotary slotting device; 31. frame; 32. first rotating seat; 33. guide rail frame; 34. sliding seat; 35. second rotating seat; 36. fixed beam plate; 37. cyclone tool; 4. spiral feeding unit; 41. fixed guide cylinder; 42. shaft sleeve seat; 43. guide cavity; 44. guide rod; 45. collar; 46. clamping chuck; 5. positioning plate; 51. micro drilling rig; 52. arc liquid channel; 53. jet hole; 54. drain port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] See also Figures 1-7, in the embodiment of the present invention, a hard alloy drill bit spiral groove processing device includes: a machine tool main body 1, inside which a horizontally fixed slide rail frame 12 is provided. The slide rail frame 12 is slidably and adjustably assembled with a machine base 2. A main spindle box 11 is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame 12 inside the machine tool main body 1. A spiral feeding unit 4 is arranged between the main spindle box 11 and the machine base 2. Two clamping openings are symmetrically arranged inside the spiral feeding unit 4 for horizontally clamping and positioning the ends of the alloy drill pipes. The slide rail frame 12 adopts a high-precision linear guide rail, and the machine base 2 can be linearly adjusted along the slide rail frame 12, so as to change the effective distance from the main spindle box 11. A rotary grooving device 3 is installed at the same horizontal height as the spiral feeding unit 4 inside the machine tool main body 1. The rotary grooving device 3 can contact the outer peripheral wall of the alloy drill pipe, so as to realize the spiral groove processing of the alloy drill pipe during work. The spiral feeding unit 4 includes: fixed guide cylinders 41, which are two symmetrically arranged. Each fixed guide cylinder 41 is fixed to the machine base 2 and the main spindle box 11 respectively. Sleeve seats 42 are coaxially fixed on the opposite sides of the two fixed guide cylinders 41. The sleeve seats 42 and the inside of the fixed guide cylinders 41 form a guide cavity 43. A horizontally arranged guide rod 44 is fixed inside the guide cavity 43. A collar 45 is slidably installed on the guide rod 44. The contact surface between the guide rod 44 and the collar 45 is coated with a high-lubrication material, and the friction coefficient is ≤ 0.05, and it can bear a radial load of 2000 N. A clamping chuck 46 is coaxially and rotatably arranged inside the collar 45. The end of the alloy drill pipe is clamped and fixed inside the clamping chuck 46. Among them, the clamping chuck 46 uses a hydraulic method to fully clamp the end of the alloy drill pipe to avoid loosening during rotary processing.

[0014] In this embodiment, a shaft sleeve 21 is fixed inside the machine base 2. A shaft column 22 is coaxially arranged inside the shaft sleeve 21. One end of the shaft column 22 is connected to the clamping chuck 46. A spiral guide groove 23 is formed on the outer wall of the shaft column 22, and a plurality of guide pins 24 are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 21. Each guide pin 24 is slidably connected to the spiral guide groove 23. Therefore, when the clamping chucks 46 in the two collars 45 rotate simultaneously, they can drive the alloy drill pipe to rotate, and the shaft column 22 realizes the horizontal sliding of the collar 45 through the sliding connection between the guide pins 24 and the spiral guide groove 23 during synchronous rotation.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the shaft column 22 feeds axially along the shaft sleeve 21. Through the sliding action of the guide pin 24 and the spiral guide groove 23, a compound movement of circumferential rotation and axial feed is synchronously generated in the alloy drill pipe between the clamping chucks 46. The curvature radius of the spiral guide groove 23 and the designed curvature radius of the spiral groove to be machined on the alloy drill pipe maintain a preset ratio. Specifically, by setting the curvature radius (R1) of the spiral guide groove 23 and the curvature radius (R2) of the spiral groove of the alloy drill pipe to a specific proportional relationship (i.e., R1 / R2 = preset value K), the precise replication of the spiral groove shape during the machining process is achieved. For example: when K = 1, the spiral guide groove 23 and the spiral groove of the alloy drill pipe have exactly the same curvature, realizing 1:1 profiling machining (commonly used in same-size replication).

[0016] In this embodiment, a main spindle rod 13 is horizontally rotatably connected inside the main spindle box 11. An inner shaft 14 is slidably arranged at the center inside the main spindle rod 13. One end of the inner shaft 14 is connected to the clamping chuck 46. Therefore, when the main spindle rod 13 rotates forward and backward, it can drive the inner shaft 14 to rotate synchronously. At this time, when the clamping chuck 46 rotates, it can realize horizontal sliding through the sliding fit between the shaft column 22 and the shaft sleeve 21, and the inner shaft 14 can correspondingly slide out or slide into the main spindle rod 13 axially freely. A swing shaft 25 is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the machine base 2. The swing shaft 25 and the shaft column 22 are concentrically arranged. A connecting shaft 26 is slidably connected inside the swing shaft 25. One end of the connecting shaft 26 extends into the shaft column 22 and is fixed to the shaft column 22. The working principle of the swing shaft 25 and the main spindle rod 13 is similar here, but it should be noted that when the main spindle rod 13 rotates self-driven, the swing shaft 25 should be in a flexible rotating state; and when the swing shaft 25 rotates self-driven, the main spindle rod 13 should be in a flexible rotating state.

[0017] In this embodiment, a swing motor (not shown in the figure) is provided outside the machine base 2, and the output end of the swing motor is connected to the swing shaft 25 through a transmission belt for transmission; after the main shaft rod 13 in the main shaft box 11 completes a preset axial feed amount, the swing motor intervenes in the work and drives the shaft column 22 to rotate forward and backward through the swing shaft 25; specifically, the alloy drill pipe is evenly divided into multiple processing segments along its axial direction, and the rotary grooving device 3 sequentially processes each segment in order. When the main shaft rod 13 in the main shaft box 11 pushes the alloy drill pipe to complete a unit amount of axial feed during the rotary motion, the main shaft rod 13 can rotate reversely, so that the rotary grooving device 3 is located at the middle position of this processing segment, and the main shaft rod 13 stops self-driven rotation. At this time, the swing motor intervenes in the work, and the swing shaft 25 enables the rotary grooving device 3 to perform repetitive and rapid processing on the processing segment of the alloy drill pipe during the rapid forward and backward motion; such a setting can avoid cumulative errors in long-stroke processing on the one hand, form a "micro-forging effect" through high-frequency reciprocating cutting, improve the surface grain arrangement, and at the same time increase the cutting time ratio to 85% and improve the efficiency by 40%. On the other hand, it can allow the coolant to fully infiltrate (intermittent time 0.5 s), the tip temperature is stabilized below 600 °C (traditionally up to 900 °C), and the tool wear rate is reduced to 1 / 3 of the traditional rate (the service life increases from 500 pieces to 1500 pieces).

[0018] In this embodiment, a positioning plate 5 is vertically fixed inside the bushing seat 42, and a micro drill 51 is vertically slidably connected to the positioning plate 5 through a slide rail; arc-shaped liquid channels 52 are provided on both sides of the micro drill 51 on the inner wall of the bushing seat 42, a liquid supply pipe is connected to the outside of the arc-shaped liquid channels 52, a plurality of jet holes 53 are provided on the inner wall of the bushing seat 42, and the jet holes 53 are communicated with the arc-shaped liquid channels 52; a drain port 54 is provided below the inner wall of the bushing seat 42. The micro drill 51 can be vertically aimed at the axis of the alloy drill pipe, so that it can drill and process the surface of the alloy drill pipe during the horizontal movement of the alloy drill pipe. The liquid supply pipe can circulate and supply cutting fluid during the processing, and the cutting waste liquid can be discharged and collected through the drain port 54; specifically, after the alloy drill pipe is clamped, the main shaft rod 13 in the main shaft box 11 can realize the horizontal spiral transmission of the alloy drill pipe during the forward rotation. At this time, the micro drills 51 located in each bushing seat 42 can all drill and process the alloy drill pipe. After the overall preliminary processing is completed, the main shaft rod 13 rotates reversely to make the alloy drill pipe reverse spiral transmission, so as to perform secondary processing on it. Therefore, spiral groove pre-drilling is realized during multiple repeated processing.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the rotary grooving device 3 includes: a frame 31, on the side of which a first rotating seat 32 is slidably mounted through a linear guide pair. A guide rail frame 33 is assembled outside the first rotating seat 32, and a sliding seat 34 is slidably mounted on the guide rail frame 33 through a ball screw mechanism; on one end face of the sliding seat 34, a second rotating seat 35 is mounted, and a fixed beam plate 36 is assembled on the second rotating seat 35. A cyclone cutter 37 is rotatably arranged in the fixed beam plate 36. The first rotating seat 32 can realize the preliminary adjustment of the spatial angle of the cyclone cutter 37, and the second rotating seat 35 is used for the fine adjustment of the angle after the adjustment of the cyclone cutter 37, realizing the ±30° inclination angle adjustment of the cyclone cutter 37 to adapt to different helix angle requirements.

[0020] In this embodiment, the micro drill 51 in the spiral feeding unit 4 first opens a spiral groove on the surface of the alloy drill pipe before the rotary grooving device 3, and the rotary grooving device 3 performs grooving processing on the alloy drill pipe based on the spiral groove.

[0021] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device, characterized in that, It includes: A machine tool main body (1) with a horizontally fixed slide rail frame (12) arranged inside. The slide rail frame (12) is slidably and adjustably assembled with a machine base (2). A spindle box (11) is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame (12) inside the machine tool main body (1). A spiral feeding unit (4) is arranged between the spindle box (11) and the machine base (2). Two clamping openings are symmetrically arranged inside the spiral feeding unit (4) for horizontally clamping and positioning the ends of alloy drill pipes. A rotary grooving device (3) is installed at the same horizontal height as the spiral feeding unit (4) inside the machine tool main body (1). The spiral feeding unit (4) includes: two symmetrically arranged fixed guide cylinders (41). Each fixed guide cylinder (41) is fixed to the machine base and the spindle box (11) respectively. Sleeve seats (42) are coaxially fixed on the opposite sides of the two fixed guide cylinders (41). The sleeve seats (42) and the inside of the fixed guide cylinders (41) form a guide cavity (43). Horizontal guide rods (44) are fixed inside the guide cavity (43). Collars (45) are slidably installed on the guide rods (44). A clamping chuck (46) is coaxially and rotatably arranged inside the collar (45). The end of the alloy drill pipe is clamped and fixed inside the clamping chuck (46).

2. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve (21) is fixed inside the machine base (2). A shaft column (22) is coaxially arranged inside the shaft sleeve (21). One end of the shaft column (22) is connected to the clamping chuck (46). A spiral guide groove (23) is formed on the outer wall of the shaft column (22). A number of guide pins (24) are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (21). Each guide pin (24) is slidably connected to the spiral guide groove (23).

3. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaft column (22) feeds axially along the shaft sleeve (21). Through the sliding action of the guide pins (24) and the spiral guide groove (23), the alloy drill pipe between the clamping chucks (46) synchronously generates a compound movement of circumferential rotation and axial feed. The curvature radius of the spiral guide groove (23) maintains a preset ratio with the designed curvature radius of the spiral groove to be machined on the alloy drill pipe.

4. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A main shaft rod (13) is horizontally rotatably connected inside the spindle box (11). An inner shaft (14) is slidably arranged at the center inside the main shaft rod (13). One end of the inner shaft (14) is connected to the clamping chuck (46). A swing shaft (25) is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the machine base (2). The swing shaft (25) and the shaft column (22) are concentrically arranged. A connecting shaft (26) is slidably connected inside the swing shaft (25). One end of the connecting shaft (26) extends into the shaft column (22) and is fixed to the shaft column (22).

5. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A swing motor is arranged outside the machine base (2). The output end of the swing motor is connected and driven to the swing shaft (25) through a transmission belt. After the main shaft rod (13) in the spindle box (11) completes a preset axial feed amount, the swing motor intervenes in the work and drives the shaft column (22) to rotate forward and backward through the swing shaft (25).

6. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning plate (5) is vertically fixed inside the bushing seat (42), and a micro-drilling machine (51) is vertically slidably connected to the positioning plate (5) through a slide rail; Arc-shaped liquid channels (52) are provided on both sides of the micro-drilling machine (51) on the inner wall of the bushing seat (42). A liquid supply pipe is connected to the outside of the arc-shaped liquid channels (52). A plurality of jet holes (53) are provided on the inner wall of the bushing seat (42), and the jet holes (53) are communicated with the arc-shaped liquid channels (52); A liquid discharge port (54) is provided below the inner wall of the bushing seat (42).

7. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary grooving device (3) includes: a frame (31), on the side of which a first rotating seat (32) is slidably installed through a linear guide pair. A guide rail frame (33) is assembled outside the first rotating seat (32), and a sliding seat (34) is slidably installed on the guide rail frame (33) through a ball screw mechanism; A second rotating seat (35) is installed on one end face of the sliding seat (34), and a fixed beam plate (36) is assembled on the second rotating seat (35). A cyclone cutter (37) is rotatably arranged in the fixed beam plate (36).

8. The carbide drill bit spiral groove processing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The micro-drilling machine (51) in the spiral feeding unit (4) first opens spiral grooves on the surface of the alloy drill pipe, and the rotary grooving device (3) performs grooving processing on the alloy drill pipe based on the spiral grooves.

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