High-energy-efficiency portable intelligent-control solar-driven cathode protection device
By designing portable intelligently regulated solar-driven cathode protection devices, using solar-driven and microprocessor control, the problem of cathode protection of underwater steel structures is solved away from the land and ocean areas, and an efficient and environmentally friendly cathode protection effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510331409.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
AI Technical Summary
In marine areas far away from land, the lack of power resources makes it difficult to achieve cathode protection of underwater steel structures and high maintenance costs.
Design a high-efficiency portable, intelligently controlled solar energy-driven cathode protection device, use solar panels to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and control the voltage output module through a microprocessor to realize real-time monitoring of underwater steel structures and intelligent adjustment of cathode voltage.
This device can collect the potential of the underwater steel structure with high precision without external power supply, adjust the output voltage in real time, reduce energy consumption, and extend the system's running time. It also has the advantages of "green" environmentally friendly and portable.
Smart Images
Figure CN120174384A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of metal cathodic protection, and particularly to a high-energy-efficient portable intelligent regulated solar-driven cathodic protection device. Background Art
[0002] Due to the long-term severe corrosion suffered by steel structures serving in the marine environment, the mechanical properties and reliability of building structures have declined, resulting in serious economic losses and potential safety hazards. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out anti-corrosion protection for important metal structures. At present, coatings and metal spraying are mainly used to protect underwater steel structures, while cathodic protection is the fundamental method to prevent metal electrochemical corrosion. Its principle is to apply a direct current to the surface of the steel structure to be protected, generating cathodic polarization, so that the potential of the steel structure to be protected reaches the minimum cathodic protection potential, thereby avoiding or reducing corrosion and prolonging the service life of underwater steel structures.
[0003] In ocean areas far from land, there are problems such as scarce power resources and high maintenance costs. The abundant solar energy resources provide a new strategy for the cathodic protection of underwater steel structures. Using solar drive, through the photovoltaic conversion effect of solar panels, solar energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in a storage battery, and then the storage battery outputs a direct current to the underwater steel structure to achieve the effect of corrosion protection.
[0004] Therefore, we need to design a high-energy-efficient portable intelligent regulated solar-driven cathodic protection device with the function of intelligent feedback regulation of the output cathodic voltage. By connecting the positive and negative poles of the voltage output module to a highly active pNi / NiMo anode and the steel structure to be protected respectively, the corrosion problem of underwater steel structures in special environments far from land is avoided. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the cathodic voltage required for the steel structure to be protected to reach the minimum cathodic protection potential, thereby reducing energy consumption and prolonging the operation time of the device. It has the characteristics of "green" environmental protection and portability, and the economic benefits are very significant. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to alleviate the anti-corrosion problems of steel structures in ocean areas far from land or far from cities, the present invention provides a high-energy-efficient portable intelligent regulated solar-driven cathodic protection device. This device does not need to consume power resources, and only uses solar power generation to carry out cathodic protection on underwater steel structures. It can accurately collect the potential and realize real-time monitoring of underwater steel structures, and then through the control of a microprocessor, it can accurately and real-time adjust the output voltage to make the potential of the underwater steel structure always negative to the minimum cathodic protection potential, effectively avoiding corrosion. At the same time, the pNi / NiMo anode used in the present invention can effectively reduce the cathodic voltage required for the steel structure to be protected to reach the minimum cathodic protection potential compared with commercial anodes, thereby reducing energy consumption and prolonging the operation time of the system.
[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0007] A high-energy-efficiency portable intelligent regulated solar-driven cathodic protection device, comprising: a power supply system, an output voltage control and monitoring system, an anode system, and a reference electrode; the power supply system consists of a solar panel, a solar controller, and a storage battery; the output voltage control and monitoring system consists of a microprocessor, a potential acquisition module, a voltage output module, and an OLED display module; the anode system consists of a pNi / NiMo anode; the reference electrode is an Ag / AgCl reference electrode; the power supply system and the output voltage control and monitoring system are installed in a weatherproof enclosure, and the anode system and the reference electrode are placed in seawater.
[0008] Further, the power supply system includes:
[0009] A solar panel, which selects a monocrystalline silicon solar panel and is responsible for converting sunlight into direct current electrical energy based on the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials and storing it in the storage battery.
[0010] A solar controller, which selects a PWM solar controller and is connected to both the solar panel and the storage battery at the same time. It has overcharge and over-discharge protection and charging trickle protection, and is responsible for automatically regulating the charging process of the solar panel to the storage battery, effectively ensuring the safety and lifespan of the storage battery.
[0011] A storage battery, which selects a gel lead-acid storage battery. The positive and negative electrodes are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the potential acquisition module and the voltage output module for power supply, and can ensure that the device can operate normally under conditions of no light or weak light.
[0012] Further, the output voltage control and monitoring system includes:
[0013] A microprocessor, which selects an STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer with a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 CPU core. The microprocessor is the control core of the cathodic protection device, used to receive the potential signal from the potential acquisition module and feedback it to the voltage output module to adjust the output cathodic voltage, thereby avoiding the corrosion of the steel structure to be protected; at the same time, the reference potential and the output voltage are displayed on the OLED display module in real time. The microprocessor is powered by a MircoUSB interface and can be connected to the 5V DC / 1.2A USB interface of the solar controller.
[0014] A potential acquisition module, which selects a DAM3158A module with 8-channel analog quantity acquisition, used for data acquisition, processing, storage, and sending, and communicates with the microprocessor via an RS485 to TTL module. The positive and negative electrodes of the potential acquisition module are respectively connected to the steel structure to be protected and the Ag / AgCl reference electrode.
[0015] The voltage output module selects the XY6015L DC / DC adjustable DC buck module, which is used to reduce the surface potential of the steel structure to ensure that it is within the range of the cathodic protection potential. It communicates with the microprocessor through the UART serial port of the universal asynchronous transceiver, and precisely regulates the output voltage through feedback regulation. The positive and negative poles of the voltage output module are respectively connected to the anode system and the steel structure to be protected;
[0016] The OLED display module selects a 0.96-inch IIC OLED display module, which communicates with the microprocessor through the IIC interface to display the reference potential and output voltage in real time, facilitating observation and timely adjustment.
[0017] Furthermore, the anode system includes:
[0018] The high-activity non-precious metal auxiliary anode is composed of porous nickel foam coated with NiMo alloy (pNi / NiMo), presenting a loose and porous skeleton structure, which can effectively reduce the cathode voltage required for the steel structure to be protected to reach the minimum cathodic protection potential, thereby improving energy efficiency. The pNi / NiMo anode is connected to the positive pole of the voltage output module.
[0019] Furthermore, the preparation method of the high-activity non-precious metal auxiliary anode includes the following steps:
[0020] First, select nickel foam as the substrate electrode for ultrasonic cleaning treatment. Then, further load Ni(OH)2 on the nickel foam substrate through hydrothermal synthesis. After the hydrothermal reaction, wait for the temperature to drop to room temperature, take it out, rinse it repeatedly with deionized water, and then vacuum dry it overnight. Then, perform high-temperature carbonization treatment, and further electrophoretically deposit NiMo alloy on the treated porous nickel electrode. After the deposition, rinse it repeatedly with deionized water and then vacuum dry it overnight to obtain the high-activity pNi / NiMo anode with a loose and porous structure.
[0021] Furthermore, the hydrothermal synthesis of loading Ni(OH)2 means placing the nickel foam substrate in a mixed solution containing NiCl2·6H2O and C6H 12 N4 for hydrothermal reaction to load Ni(OH)2 on the nickel foam substrate.
[0022] Furthermore, the atmosphere of the high-temperature carbonization is a mixed gas atmosphere of H2 and N2 with a H2 content of 5.0 vol%.
[0023] Furthermore, the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization is 400 °C, the time of the high-temperature carbonization is 1 h, and the heating rate of the high-temperature carbonization is 5 °C / min.
[0024] Further, the electrolyte for electrophoretic deposition is an aqueous mixed solution containing NiCl2·6H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O, and Na3C6H5O7·2H2O, and the pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to 9 using Na2CO3.
[0025] Further, the current density of the electrophoretic deposition is 160 mA·cm -2 , and the time of electrophoretic deposition is 500 s.
[0026] The beneficial effects that can be produced by this application are as follows:
[0027] Without an external power supply, the present invention only utilizes renewable energy solar energy to convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in a storage battery. It can accurately collect the surface potential of underwater steel structures, realize real-time monitoring of underwater steel structures, and at the same time control the voltage output module through a microprocessor to accurately adjust the output voltage in real time so that the surface potential of the underwater steel structure is always within the range of the cathodic protection potential. Compared with commercial anodes, the pNi / NiMo anode used can effectively reduce the cathodic voltage required for the protected steel structure to reach the minimum cathodic protection potential, thereby reducing energy consumption and extending the operation time of the system. Moreover, this device can operate stably under no (weak) light conditions and has the advantages of "green" environmental protection and portability in one, and can be applied to the anti-corrosion field of ocean areas far from land or steel structures far from cities. Description of the Drawings
[0028] Figure 1 It is a design schematic diagram of the high-efficiency portable intelligent regulation solar-driven cathodic protection device in Example 1.
[0029] Figure 2 It is the main program flow chart of the high-efficiency portable intelligent regulation solar-driven cathodic protection device in Example 1.
[0030] Figure 3 It is the preparation flow chart of the high-activity non-precious metal auxiliary anode in Example 1.
[0031] Figure 4 It is the XPS full spectrum diagram of the high-activity non-precious metal auxiliary anode in Example 1.
[0032] Figure 5 It is the comparison diagram of the cathodic protection efficiency between the high-activity non-precious metal auxiliary anode and the commercial anode in Example 1. Detailed Description of the Invention
[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0034] Embodiment 1
[0035] A high-energy-efficiency portable intelligent control solar-driven cathodic protection device is placed in a weatherproof enclosure (with dimensions of 30×30×20 cm and a weight of 5.1 kg). Its design schematic diagram is as Figure 1 shown. The enclosure is a weatherproof enclosure, which has the advantages of portability and integration. The box is internally provided with a solar panel, a solar controller, a storage battery, a microprocessor, a potential acquisition module, a voltage output module, and an OLED display module. The steel structure to be protected, the pNi / NiMo anode, and the Ag / AgCl reference electrode are placed in seawater. Among them, the solar controller is connected to the solar panel, the storage battery, and the microprocessor; the storage battery is connected to the solar controller, the potential acquisition module, and the voltage output module; the microprocessor is connected to the solar controller, the potential acquisition module, the voltage output module, and the OLED display module; the positive and negative electrodes of the potential acquisition module are respectively connected to the steel structure to be protected and the reference electrode; the positive and negative electrodes of the voltage output module are respectively connected to the pNi / NiMo anode and the steel structure to be protected.
[0036] The main program flow chart of the high-energy-efficiency portable intelligent control solar-driven cathodic protection device is as Figure 2 shown. After the program starts, the potential acquisition module, the voltage output module, the timer, and the OLED display module are initialized in sequence. After confirming that all modules are normal, the cathodic protection program starts to be executed. The microprocessor sends an instruction to the potential acquisition module to measure the reference potential of the steel structure to be protected. Then, the program determines whether the reference potential is within the target range of -795 to -805 mV. If it is within the range, the potential acquisition module is sent an instruction again after 30 seconds to measure the reference potential; if it is not within the range, it is further determined whether the reference potential is less than -805 mV. If so, the microprocessor sends an instruction to the voltage output module to reduce the output voltage by 10 mV, and then sends an instruction to the potential acquisition module to measure the reference potential after 1 second; if not, the microprocessor sends an instruction to the voltage output module to increase the output voltage by 10 mV, and then sends an instruction to the potential acquisition module to measure the reference potential after 1 second.
[0037] The preparation flow chart of the pNi / NiMo anode in this embodiment is as Figure 3As shown, first, 1×2 cm nickel foam is selected as the substrate electrode and subjected to ultrasonic cleaning treatment. Then, the nickel foam is further placed in a 15 mL mixed solution containing 0.125 M NiCl2·6H2O and 0.25 M C6H 12 N4, transferred to a 25 mL glass container, and hydrothermally synthesized at 100 °C for 10 hours to deposit Ni(OH)2 on the nickel foam substrate. After the hydrothermal reaction, when the temperature drops to room temperature, it is taken out, repeatedly rinsed with deionized water, and then vacuum dried overnight. Then, it is treated by high-temperature carbonization, that is, the product is treated in an atmosphere of H2 / N2 mixed gas (5.0 vol%) at 400 °C for 1 hour, and the heating rate is 5 °C / min to obtain a porous nickel electrode. Further, NiMo alloy is electrodeposited on the treated porous nickel electrode. The electrolyte is prepared by dissolving 2.3 g NiCl2·6H2O, 0.2 g Na2MoO4·2H2O, and 1.7 g Na3C6H5O7·2H2O in 30 mL of deionized water, adjusting the pH of the solution to 9 using Na2CO3, and then using a constant current of 160 mA·cm -2 to deposit for 500 s. After the deposition, it is repeatedly rinsed with deionized water and then vacuum dried overnight to obtain a highly active pNi / NiMo anode with a loose porous structure.
[0038] Performance detection
[0039] The pNi / NiMo anode prepared above is subjected to XPS detection. The XPS full spectrum of the highly active non-noble metal auxiliary anode obtained is as shown in Figure 4 As shown, XPS full spectrum analysis shows that Ni and Mo elements exist in pNi / NiMo, verifying the successful preparation of the NiMo alloy. After 100 s of argon etching treatment, XPS depth profile analysis of the sample is carried out to deeply detect the internal state of the catalyst. The test results clearly show Ni and Mo elements, strongly confirming the existence of NiMo alloy in the catalyst structure.
[0040] The pNi / NiMo anode of the present invention and commercial anodes (graphite, platinum, and mixed metal oxide (MMO)) are respectively used as the anode systems of the protection device to conduct a comparative test on the cathodic protection performance of Q235 carbon steel. In natural seawater (collected from Tangjiawan Beach, Zhuhai City, 22°20’25.21N, 113°35’47.18E, salinity 18 - 19‰, pH value 8, after simple filtration), by comparing the output voltage required for Q235 carbon steel to reach the cathodic protection potential range, the performance differences of different auxiliary anodes are evaluated. That is, the smaller the output voltage, the higher the activity of the auxiliary anode in the cathodic protection system. The test results are as shown in Figure 5As shown, in natural seawater, in order to maintain the potential of Q235 carbon steel at -795 to -805 mV vs. Ag / AgCl, when using Pt, MMO, and Graphite as auxiliary anodes, the required output voltages are -1.98, -1.98, and -1.51 V respectively; while when using the pNi / NiMo anode, only an output voltage of -0.38 V is required, which is 19.2% of the Pt and MMO anodes and 25.2% of the Graphite anode. This effectively proves that compared with commercial anodes, the highly active pNi / NiMo anode used in the present invention can effectively reduce the cathode voltage required for the protected steel structure to reach the minimum cathodic protection potential, thereby saving power resources.
[0041] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiment. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A highly energy-efficient portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathodic protection device, characterized in that: include: Power supply system, output voltage control and monitoring system, anode system and reference electrode; The power supply system consists of a solar panel, a solar controller and a battery; the output voltage control and monitoring system consists of a microprocessor, a potential acquisition module, a voltage output module, and an OLED display module; the anode system consists of a pNi / NiMo anode; the reference electrode is an Ag / AgCl reference electrode; the power supply system and the output voltage control and monitoring system are installed in a weatherproof housing, and the anode system and the reference electrode are placed in seawater.
2. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathodic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system comprises: Solar panels, using monocrystalline silicon solar panels, are responsible for converting sunlight into direct current electricity and storing it in batteries based on the photoelectric effect of semiconductor materials; Solar controller, PWM solar controller is selected, which is connected to the solar panel and the battery at the same time. It has overcharge and over-discharge protection and charging trickle protection, and is responsible for automatically adjusting the charging process of the solar panel to the battery, effectively ensuring the safety and life of the battery; The battery is a colloidal lead-acid battery, and the positive and negative poles are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the potential acquisition module and the voltage output module for power supply, and can ensure that the device can operate normally under no light or weak light conditions.
3. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output voltage control and monitoring system comprises: The microprocessor uses the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer, and the core is the ARM 32-bit Cortex-M3 CPU; the microprocessor is the control core of the cathodic protection device, which is used to receive the potential signal from the potential acquisition module and feed it back to the voltage output module, adjust the output cathode voltage, and thus avoid corrosion of the protected steel structure; at the same time, the reference potential and output voltage are displayed in real time on the OLED display module; the microprocessor is powered by the MircoUSB interface and can be connected to the 5V DC / 1.2AUSB interface of the solar controller; The potential acquisition module uses the DAM3158A module, which has 8-channel analog acquisition and is used for data acquisition, processing, storage and transmission. It communicates with the microprocessor via the RS485 to TTL module. The positive and negative poles of the potential acquisition module are connected to the protected steel structure and the Ag / AgCl reference electrode respectively. The voltage output module uses an XY6015L DC / DC adjustable DC step-down module to reduce the surface potential of the steel structure to ensure that it is within the cathodic protection potential range. It communicates with the microprocessor through the universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter UART serial port and accurately controls the output voltage through feedback regulation. The positive and negative poles of the voltage output module are connected to the anode system and the protected steel structure respectively. The OLED display module uses a 0.96-inch IIC OLED display module, which communicates with the microprocessor through the IIC interface, and displays the reference potential and output voltage in real time, which is convenient for observation and timely adjustment.
4. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode system comprises: The highly active non-precious metal auxiliary anode is composed of porous nickel foam coated with NiMo alloy and presents a loose and porous skeleton structure, which can effectively reduce the cathode voltage required for the protected steel structure to reach the minimum cathodic protection potential, thereby improving energy efficiency.
5. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for preparing the highly active non-noble metal auxiliary anode comprises the following steps: First, nickel foam is selected as the base electrode for ultrasonic cleaning treatment, and then Ni(OH)2 is further loaded on the nickel foam base through hydrothermal synthesis. After the hydrothermal synthesis is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, the electrode is taken out and repeatedly rinsed with deionized water and vacuum dried overnight. Then, high-temperature carbonization treatment is performed, and NiMo alloy is further electrophoretically deposited on the treated porous nickel electrode. After the deposition is completed, the electrode is repeatedly rinsed with deionized water and vacuum dried overnight to obtain a highly active pNi / NiMo anode with a loose porous structure.
6. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrothermal synthesis of Ni(OH)2 loading refers to placing a nickel foam substrate in a solution containing NiCl2·6H2O and C6H 12 In a mixed solution of N4, a hydrothermal reaction is performed to load Ni(OH)2 on the nickel foam substrate.
7. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high temperature carbonization atmosphere is a mixed gas atmosphere of H2 and N2 in which the H2 accounts for 5.0 vol%.
8. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature of the high-temperature carbonization is 400° C., the time of the high-temperature carbonization is 1 hour, and the heating rate of the high-temperature carbonization is 5° C. / min.
9. A high-efficiency portable intelligently controlled solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrolyte for electrophoretic deposition is a mixed aqueous solution containing NiCl2·6H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O and Na3C6H5O7·2H2O, and the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to 9 using Na2CO3.
10. A high energy efficiency portable intelligent control solar-driven cathode protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current density of the electrophoretic deposition was 160 mA cm -2 The electrophoretic deposition time was 500 s.