A prestressed anti-floating anchor rod anchoring structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prestressed anti-floating anchor structure, wherein a prestressed transmission device and a prestressed transmission tube are provided above the anchor rod body, and the prestressed transmission device is located above the prestressed transmission tube; the prestressed transmission device includes a first plate component, a second plate component, and a connector connecting the first plate component and the second plate component; an anchor is provided above the second plate component, and the anchor rib body passes through the prestressed transmission tube, the first plate component, and the second plate component, and the top end of the anchor rib body is fixedly connected to the anchor; the prestressed transmission device, the prestressed transmission tube, the anchor, and the top end of the anchor rib body are all accommodated inside the base plate. The present invention can adjust the anchoring height by adjusting the prestressed transmission tube according to the requirements of the anchor connection bearing capacity, thereby greatly improving the adaptability of the anchoring system, and is very convenient and efficient; the prestressed transmission tube is made of concrete, which is low in cost and has very high production efficiency, and can also significantly improve the corrosion resistance compared to the existing technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a prestressed anti-floating anchor rod anchoring structure and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of anti-floating structures. Background Art

[0002] Most basement construction projects consider and address the issue of groundwater resistance. Prior Art 1 (Publication No. CN214993801U) discloses a prestressed anchor anti-floating structure. This structure involves prestressed anti-floating anchors that are prestressed and locked before the basement floor is poured. This structure utilizes a prestress transfer device installed at the top of the anchor to secure the anchor to the floor. Prior Art 2 (Publication No. CN217231965U) discloses a prestress transfer device for cast anti-floating anchors, further optimizing the prestress transfer device in Prior Art 1. Prior Art 3 (Publication No. CN217896482U) discloses a precast concrete component for prestressed anti-floating anchors, specifically a prestress transfer device for a precast concrete structure.

[0003] Currently, the patent solution of prior art 1 mainly adopts the prestressed stress transfer device of prior art 2. The prestressed stress transfer device is made of metal and has the following problems in actual use.

[0004] 1. If Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the prestressed transmission device is in contact with the top surface of the anchor rod body, and the bottom of the prestressed transmission device is roughly flush with the lower surface of the basement floor, which makes the prestressed transmission device easily corroded by groundwater. Once the prestressed transmission device is severely corroded, the prestress in the anchor rod body will fail. If the prestressed transmission device of the concrete structure in the prior art 3 is adopted, although the problem of corrosion prevention can be solved, the prestressed transmission device has to withstand great pressure during implementation. Due to the presence of the holes on the side of the prestressed transmission device, the pressure is converted into bending moment on the upper plate of the prestressed transmission device to generate tension. The tensile strength of concrete materials is very weak and they are very easy to crack, resulting in the bearing capacity of the entire prestressed transmission device being difficult to meet actual needs.

[0005] 2. The anchoring bearing capacity (also known as anchoring strength) of the prestressed transfer device and the base plate must meet design requirements. Sufficient anchoring bearing capacity ensures that when the basement floor is subjected to the upward buoyancy of groundwater, the buoyancy is fully transferred to the anchor rod through the prestressed transfer device. The prestressed transfer device is a single component. In actual engineering, the anchoring bearing capacity requirements vary greatly among different construction projects. It is difficult to achieve universal application of a single component. Considering the maximum bearing capacity, it is wasteful for projects with smaller anchoring bearing capacity requirements. Insufficient anchoring bearing capacity requires additional hanger bars to strengthen the connection and anchoring between the prestressed transfer device (or anchor bars) and the base plate, which increases the construction process and is not conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0006] 3. According to the design of Prior Art 1, the elevation of the top of the anchor bolt must be precisely controlled to ensure that, after the prestressing device and anchor are installed, the entire prestressing device, anchor, and reinforcement are located at the set elevation within the basement floor, preventing the anchor and reinforcement from being exposed on the upper surface of the basement floor. Furthermore, if the prestressing device elevation is lower than the set elevation, the anchoring strength between the anchor bolt and the basement floor will be affected. Precisely controlling the elevation of the top of the anchor bolt during anchor bolt construction is detrimental to construction efficiency and increases the workload for construction personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a prestressed anti-floating anchor rod anchoring structure and a construction method thereof, which is conducive to further adapting to the requirements of different anchoring bearing capacities on the basis of solving corrosion protection problems and controlling elevation. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0008] A prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt anchoring structure, comprising a base plate, an anchor bolt body and an anchor bolt reinforcement body, wherein the upper end of the anchor bolt reinforcement body protrudes from the top surface of the anchor bolt body, a prestressed stress transmission device and a prestressed stress transmission cylinder are provided above the anchor bolt body, the prestressed stress transmission device is located above the prestressed stress transmission cylinder, the prestressed stress transmission device is made of metal material, and the prestressed stress transmission cylinder is made of non-metallic material;

[0009] The prestressed load transfer device includes a first plate component, a second plate component, and a connector connecting the first plate component and the second plate component, wherein the second plate component is located above the first plate component; an anchor is provided above the second plate component, and the anchor rod body passes through the prestressed load transfer tube, the first plate component, and the second plate component, and the top end of the anchor rod body is fixedly connected to the anchor; the prestressed load transfer device, the prestressed load transfer tube, the anchor, and the top end of the anchor rod body are all accommodated inside the base plate.

[0010] The above technical solution has the main improvement compared with the existing technology in that a prestressed transfer tube made of non-metallic material is added between the prestressed transfer device and the anchor rod body. The advantages brought by this are: 1. The bottom of the prestressed transfer tube is roughly flush with the lower surface of the base plate, and the prestressed transfer tube made of non-metallic material has much better corrosion resistance when it comes into contact with groundwater than the prestressed transfer device made of metal. Therefore, the corrosion resistance is significantly improved compared with the existing technology; at the same time, the prestressed transfer device made of metal has strong compressive and bending resistance, and can withstand the prestress transmitted from the anchor rod body to the prestressed transfer device through the anchor. The prestressed transfer tube made of non-metallic material has strong compressive resistance and can also withstand the prestress transmitted from the prestressed transfer device. 2. The prestressed transfer tube can also adjust the anchorage capacity. Given a given shape and size, the higher the prestressed transfer tube's height within the baseplate, the stronger the anchorage capacity between the prestressed transfer tube and the baseplate. Therefore, the anchorage capacity can be increased by adjusting the prestressed transfer tube, a simpler and more cost-effective structure, without having to adjust the shape and size of the prestressed transfer tube to suit different construction project requirements. This allows a single prestressed transfer tube to accommodate varying anchorage capacity requirements, enhancing the adaptability of the prestressed anti-floating anchor structure. 3. The prestressed transfer tube can also adjust the elevation of the prestressed transfer tube. The elevation of the prestressed transfer tube can be adjusted based on the actual height of the anchor rod's top surface after construction. This greatly simplifies the construction process and reduces the workload of construction personnel. This is particularly useful when the anchor rod's top elevation is lower than the subgrade, as the prestressed transfer tube can be adjusted to ensure sufficient anchorage height for the prestressed transfer tube. It should be noted that the prestressed transfer tube's non-metallic material refers to the absence of metal on its outer surface, though its interior may or may not contain metal. The number of the prestressed stress transfer tube can be one or more, and the multiple prestressed stress transfer tubes are stacked in the vertical direction. The prestressed stress transfer tube has a central through hole extending in the vertical direction, and the anchor bar body can pass through the central through hole.

[0011] Preferably, the prestressed transfer tube is constructed of concrete or reinforced concrete. This type of prestressed transfer tube can withstand a certain amount of prestress (pressure), exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, and is low cost. Preferably, the prestressed transfer tube is cylindrical, square, conical, or polygonal.

[0012] Preferably, there are two or more prestressed stress transfer tubes, which are stacked vertically. By manufacturing individual prestressed stress transfer tubes as standard components, the number of prestressed stress transfer tubes can be adjusted according to specific design requirements. This allows adjustments to the elevation and anchorage capacity while maintaining the prestressed stress transfer device, eliminating the need to customize specific prestressed stress transfer devices for different projects (with different design requirements).

[0013] Furthermore, the prestressed transfer tube is a conical tube, the diameter of its upper end being smaller than the diameter of its lower end. Thus, when two or more prestressed transfer tubes are stacked vertically, a plurality of steps are formed on the outer surface of the entire prestressed transfer tube, and the entire prestressed transfer tube forms an interlocking effect with the concrete of the base plate, which helps to increase the anchoring strength between the prestressed transfer tube and the base plate. Preferably, the central through hole of the prestressed transfer tube is a conical hole, the diameter of the upper end of the conical hole being larger than the diameter of the lower end. Thus, when two or more prestressed transfer tubes are stacked vertically, a plurality of steps are formed on the inner surface of the entire prestressed transfer tube, and when the base plate is cast, the concrete of the base plate is filled into the central through hole of the prestressed transfer tube through the prestressed transfer device, and the entire prestressed transfer tube forms an interlocking effect with the concrete of the base plate, which helps to increase the anchoring strength between the prestressed transfer tube and the base plate. Preferably, two adjacent prestressed transfer tubes are matched by a concave-convex structure. The prestressed transfer tube and the prestressed transfer device can also be matched by a concave-convex structure. This facilitates the centering and positioning between adjacent components.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting member is a cylinder, a conical cylinder, a plurality of steel bars or a plurality of plates, etc. The connecting member needs to be able to withstand the corresponding prestress (pressure), and its structural form can be various.

[0015] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also relates to a construction method for a prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt structure, which is used to construct the above-mentioned prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt structure, and mainly comprises the following steps:

[0016] 1) After the anchor rod body and anchor rod reinforcement of the prestressed anti-floating anchor rod are constructed, a prestressed stress transfer tube and a prestressed stress transfer device are installed above the anchor rod body, and the anchor rod reinforcement passes through the prestressed stress transfer tube and the first plate component and the second plate component of the prestressed stress transfer device;

[0017] 2) Anchors are set on the second plate component to prestress the anchor bars and lock the prestress of the anchor bars with the anchors;

[0018] 3) The base plate is constructed, and the prestressed stress transfer tube, the prestressed stress transfer device, the anchor and the top end of the anchor rod are cast inside the base plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0020] This solution allows for convenient adjustment of anchor height based on the required bearing capacity of the anchor connection by adjusting the size and / or number of prestressed transfer tubes. This significantly improves the adaptability of the anchoring system (prestressed transfer device, prestressed transfer tubes, anchors, etc.) and eliminates the need for auxiliary reinforcement measures such as hanger bars, making it highly convenient and efficient. The prestressed transfer tubes are made of concrete, which is cost-effective and highly efficient, and offers significantly improved corrosion resistance compared to existing technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the existing prestressed anti-floating anchor rod anchoring structure;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a circular prestressed transfer cylinder;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a square prestressed transfer cylinder;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a polygonal prestressed transfer cylinder;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a conical prestressed transfer cylinder;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a prestressed transfer tube with reinforcing steel bars;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to Example 2 of the present invention (two prestressed transfer tubes);

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the prestressed anti-floating anchor structure of Example 2 of the present invention (three prestressed transfer tubes);

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to Example 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of adjacent prestressed transfer cylinders;

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the prestressed stress transfer tube and the prestressed stress transfer device;

[0033] Figure 13Schematic diagram of the prestressed anti-floating anchor structure of Example 4 of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: base plate 1; anchor rod body 2; anchor rod reinforcement body 3; prestressed stress transmission device 4; first plate component 401; second plate component 402; connecting piece 403; prestressed stress transmission tube 5; reinforcing steel bar 501; central through hole 502; anchor 6; cushion layer 7; foundation 8; hanger bar 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 2-Figure 7 As shown, a prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt anchoring structure includes a base plate 1, an anchor bolt body 2 and an anchor bolt reinforcement body 3. The upper end of the anchor bolt reinforcement body 3 protrudes from the top surface of the anchor bolt body 2. A prestressed stress transmission device 4 and a prestressed stress transmission tube 5 are provided above the anchor bolt body 2. The prestressed stress transmission device 4 is located above the prestressed stress transmission tube 5. The prestressed stress transmission device 4 is made of metal, and the prestressed stress transmission tube 5 is made of non-metallic material.

[0038] The prestressed stress transfer device 4 includes a first plate component 401, a second plate component 402 and a connecting member 403 connecting the first plate component 401 and the second plate component 402. The second plate component 402 is located above the first plate component 401; an anchor 6 is arranged above the second plate component 402, and the anchor rod 3 passes through the prestressed stress transfer tube 5, the first plate component 401 and the second plate component 402, and the top end of the anchor rod 3 is fixedly connected to the anchor 6; the prestressed stress transfer device 4, the prestressed stress transfer tube 5, the anchor 6 and the top end of the anchor rod 3 are all accommodated inside the base plate 1.

[0039] The connector 403 can be a cylinder, a cone, a plurality of steel bars, or a plurality of plates. The connector 403 needs to be able to withstand the corresponding prestress (pressure) and can have a variety of structural forms. The anchor bar 3 can be made of steel strand (unbonded steel strand) or precision-rolled threaded steel. On the one hand, the prestressed anchor bar 3 is supported by the prestressed anchor bar 3. On the other hand, the prestressed anchor bar 3 and the prestressed anchor bar 4 are well anchored to the base plate 1. When the base plate 1 is subjected to the upward buoyancy of groundwater, the base plate can transfer the upward buoyancy to the anchor bar 3 and the anchor rod 2 through the prestressed anchor bar 5 and the prestressed anchor bar 4. The entire prestressed anchor (including the anchor rod 2, the anchor bar 3, the prestressed anchor bar 4, the prestressed anchor bar 5, and the anchor 6) is equivalent to a "nail" in the base plate 1. The prestressed anchor bar 4, the prestressed anchor bar 5, and the anchor 6 together are equivalent to the nail head located inside the base plate 1. In this way, the base plate 1 can transfer the groundwater buoyancy it is subjected to to the foundation through the "nail", thereby ensuring that the base plate 1 is not damaged by the water buoyancy. The base plate 1 usually refers to the basement floor and is a reinforced concrete structure.

[0040] in, Figure 2 Also shown is a cushion layer 7, typically a plain concrete layer, located above the foundation 8. During prestressed anchor construction, a hole is first drilled in the foundation 8. An anchor bar 3 is then placed in the drilled hole (not shown) in the foundation 8. Concrete or slurry is then poured into the hole and allowed to solidify to form the anchor bar 2. Finally, the cushion layer 7 is laid on the foundation 8 (of course, the cushion layer 7 can also be laid before drilling). Figure 2 The prestressed transfer tube 5 is directly in contact with the top surface of the anchor rod body 2. In some construction schemes, the prestressed transfer tube 5 is directly in contact with the cushion layer 7 located above the top surface of the anchor rod body 2.

[0041] The prestressed transfer tube 5 is a concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure. This type of prestressed transfer tube 5 can withstand a certain prestress (pressure), has excellent corrosion resistance and low cost. Preferably, the prestressed transfer tube 5 is a cylinder ( Figure 3 )、Square tube( Figure 4 )、Polygonal tube( Figure 5 ) or cone ( Figure 6 ).

[0042] The above technical solution has the main improvement compared with the existing technology in that a prestressed transfer tube 5 made of non-metallic material is added between the prestressed transfer device 4 and the anchor rod body 2. The advantages brought by this are: 1. The bottom of the prestressed transfer tube 5 is roughly flush with the lower surface of the base plate 1, and the prestressed transfer tube 5 made of non-metallic material has much better corrosion resistance when it comes into contact with groundwater than the prestressed transfer device 4 made of metal. Therefore, the corrosion resistance is significantly improved compared with the existing technology; at the same time, the prestressed transfer device 4 made of metal has strong compressive and bending resistance, and can withstand the prestress transmitted from the anchor rod body 3 through the anchor 6 to the prestressed transfer device 4, and the prestressed transfer tube 5 made of non-metallic material has strong compressive resistance and can also withstand the prestress transmitted from the prestressed transfer device 4. 2. The prestress transfer tube 5 can also adjust the anchoring bearing capacity. Given a given shape and size of the prestress transfer device 4, the higher the height of the prestress transfer device 4 within the base plate 1, the stronger the anchoring bearing capacity between the prestress transfer device 4 and the base plate 1. Therefore, the anchoring bearing capacity can be increased by adjusting the prestress transfer tube 5 (e.g., adjusting its dimensions and size), which is simpler and less expensive, without having to adjust the shape and size of the prestress transfer device 4 to meet different construction project requirements. This allows a single prestress transfer device 4 to meet different anchoring bearing capacity requirements, thereby improving the adaptability of the prestressed anti-floating anchor structure. 3. The prestress transfer tube 5 can also adjust the elevation of the prestress transfer device 4. This can be done simply by adjusting the elevation of the prestress transfer tube 5 based on the actual height of the top surface of the anchor rod 2 after construction is completed. This greatly simplifies the construction process and reduces the workload of construction personnel. This is particularly useful when the top elevation of the anchor rod 2 is lower than the cushion layer. In this case, the prestress transfer tube 5 can be adjusted to ensure that the prestress transfer device 4 has sufficient anchoring height. It should be noted that the non-metallic material used in the prestressed stress transmission tube 5 means that the outer surface of the prestressed stress transmission tube 5 has no metal, and the interior thereof may or may not contain metal. Figure 7 The prestressed stress transfer cylinder 5 shown in FIG is provided with a reinforcing steel bar 501 therein. The prestressed stress transfer cylinder 5 has a central through hole 502 extending in the vertical direction, and the anchor bar body 3 can pass through the central through hole 502.

[0043] The construction method of the prestressed anti-floating anchor structure mainly includes the following steps:

[0044] 1) After the anchor rod body 2 and anchor reinforcement body 3 of the prestressed anti-floating anchor rod are constructed, the prestressed stress transfer tube 5 and the prestressed stress transfer device 4 are installed above the anchor rod body 2, and the anchor reinforcement body 3 passes through the first plate component 401 and the second plate component 402 of the prestressed stress transfer tube 5 and the prestressed stress transfer device 4;

[0045] 2) Anchors 6 are provided on the second plate component 402 to prestress the anchor bar 3 and lock the prestress of the anchor bar 3 with the anchor 6; wherein, the anchor bar 3 is tensioned by a jack device, for example, so that the anchor bar 3 generates a rebound force of 100kN to 1000kN. At this time, the tensioned anchor bar 3 is locked by the anchor 6, and the second plate component 402 of the prestress transmission device 4 will be subjected to a prestress of 100kN to 1000kN; finally, the prestress (pressure) exerted on the second plate component 402 will be transmitted downward to the prestress transmission cylinder 5 and the anchor bar 2 in sequence, and the top of the anchor bar 2 is the reaction point;

[0046] 3) Construct the base plate 1 and cast the prestressed transfer tube 5, the prestressed transfer device 4, the anchor 6 and the top end of the anchor rod 3 inside the base plate 1; when pouring the concrete of the base plate 1, the concrete will pass through the holes of the first plate part 401 and the second plate part 402 of the prestressed transfer device 4 (and the channel formed by the connecting part 403) to fill the central through hole 502 of the prestressed transfer tube 5, thereby forming a dense whole.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that there are two or more prestress transfer tubes 5, which are stacked vertically. By manufacturing individual prestress transfer tubes 5 as standard components, the number of prestress transfer tubes 5 can be adjusted according to specific design requirements. This allows adjustments to be made to the elevation and anchorage capacity while maintaining the prestress transfer device 4 unchanged, eliminating the need to customize specific prestress transfer devices 4 for different projects (with different design requirements).

[0049] Example 3

[0050] like Figure 10-12As shown, the difference between Example 3 and Example 2 is that the prestressed transfer tube 5 is a conical tube, and the diameter of the upper end is smaller than the diameter of the lower end. In this way, when two or more prestressed transfer tubes 5 are stacked in the vertical direction, the outer surface of the prestressed transfer tube 5 as a whole will form a number of steps, and the prestressed transfer tube 5 as a whole will form a bite effect with the concrete of the base plate 1, which is beneficial to increase the anchoring strength between the prestressed transfer tube 5 and the base plate 1. Preferably, the central through hole 502 of the prestressed transfer tube 5 is a conical hole, and the upper end diameter of the conical hole is larger than the lower end diameter. In this way, when two or more prestressed transfer tubes 5 are stacked in the vertical direction, the inner surface of the prestressed transfer tube 5 as a whole will form a number of steps, and when the base plate 1 is cast, the concrete of the base plate 1 will be filled into the central through hole 502 of the prestressed transfer tube 5 through the prestressed transfer device 4, and the prestressed transfer tube 5 as a whole will form a bite effect with the concrete of the base plate 1, which is beneficial to increase the anchoring strength between the prestressed transfer tube 5 and the base plate 1. Preferably, as Figure 11 As shown, the two adjacent prestressed transfer cylinders 5 are matched with each other through a concave-convex structure (also called a tongue-and-groove fit); Figure 12 As shown, the prestressed delivery tube 5 and the prestressed delivery device 4 can also be matched by a concave-convex structure; this is conducive to the centering and positioning between adjacent components. Setting the prestressed delivery tube 5 as a cone tube also facilitates the demoulding operation during its prefabrication production.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, the bottom prestressed transfer tube 5 forms an expanded foundation, which helps to increase the stress-bearing area.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] like Figure 13 As shown, the difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is that the top surface elevation of the anchor rod body 2 is lower than the cushion layer 7. In this case, the number of prestressed transfer tubes 5 can be adjusted to ensure that the prestressed transfer device 4 has sufficient anchoring height.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other unless there is any conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, those skilled in the art may devise various forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims. All of these forms fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt anchoring structure, comprising a base plate (1), an anchor bolt body (2) and an anchor bolt reinforcement body (3), wherein the upper end of the anchor bolt reinforcement body (3) protrudes from the top surface of the anchor bolt body (2), and is characterized in that: A prestressed stress transfer device (4) and a prestressed stress transfer tube (5) are provided above the anchor rod body (2); the prestressed stress transfer tube (5) is directly in contact with the top surface of the anchor rod body (2) or the prestressed stress transfer tube (5) is indirectly in contact with the top surface of the anchor rod body (2) via a cushion layer (7); the prestressed stress transfer device (4) is located above the prestressed stress transfer tube (5); the prestressed stress transfer device (4) is made of metal, and the prestressed stress transfer tube (5) is made of non-metallic material; The number of the prestressed stress transfer tube (5) is one; or the number of the prestressed stress transfer tubes (5) is two or more, and the two or more prestressed stress transfer tubes (5) are stacked in the vertical direction; the anchoring height is conveniently adjusted by adjusting the specifications and / or the number of the prestressed stress transfer tubes; The prestressed stress transfer device (4) comprises a first plate component (401), a second plate component (402) and a connector (403) connecting the first plate component (401) and the second plate component (402), wherein the second plate component (402) is located above the first plate component (401); an anchor (6) is provided above the second plate component (402), the anchor bar (3) passes through the prestressed stress transfer tube (5), the first plate component (401) and the second plate component (402), and the top end of the anchor bar (3) is fixedly connected to the anchor (6); the prestressed stress transfer device (4), the prestressed stress transfer tube (5), the anchor (6) and the top end of the anchor bar (3) are all accommodated inside the base plate (1).

2. A prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed transmission tube (5) adopts a concrete structure.

3. The prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed transfer tube (5) adopts a reinforced concrete structure.

4. A prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The prestressed stress transfer cylinder (5) is a cylinder, a square cylinder or a conical cylinder.

5. A prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The prestressed stress transfer cylinder (5) is a polygonal cylinder.

6. The prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed stress transfer cylinder (5) is a conical cylinder, the diameter of the upper end of which is smaller than the diameter of the lower end.

7. The prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central through hole (502) of the prestressed stress transfer cylinder (5) is a tapered hole, and the diameter of the upper end of the tapered hole is larger than the diameter of the lower end.

8. The prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two upper and lower adjacent prestressed stress transfer cylinders (5) are matched via a concave-convex structure.

9. The prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed stress transfer cylinder (5) and the prestressed stress transfer device (4) are matched via a concave-convex structure.

10. The prestressed anti-floating anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member (403) is a cylinder, a conical cylinder, a plurality of steel bars or a plurality of plates.

11. A construction method for a prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt structure, for constructing the prestressed anti-floating anchor bolt structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps: 1) After the anchor rod body (2) and anchor rod reinforcement body (3) of the prestressed anti-floating anchor rod are constructed, a prestressed stress transfer tube (5) and a prestressed stress transfer device (4) are installed above the anchor rod body (2), and the anchor rod reinforcement body (3) passes through the first plate component (401) and the second plate component (402) of the prestressed stress transfer tube (5) and the prestressed stress transfer device (4); 2) An anchor (6) is provided on the second plate component (402) to perform prestressing on the anchor bar (3), and the prestress of the anchor bar (3) is locked by the anchor (6); 3) The base plate (1) is constructed, and the prestressed stress transfer tube (5), the prestressed stress transfer device (4), the anchor (6) and the top end of the anchor bar (3) are cast inside the base plate (1).

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