Jet flow drilling and grinding channel drilling tool and method for shaft

Abstract

According to the jet drilling and grinding channel drilling tool and method for the shaft, in the tool, a matrix is provided with a hollow channel extending along the central axis of the matrix, and a connector detachably connected with a motor is arranged at one end of the matrix; the cutting grinding head is arranged at the other end, opposite to the connector, of the matrix, the multiple cutting teeth form a radial structure with the central axis of the matrix as the center, the radial structure protrudes out of the cutting grinding head in the direction away from the connector, and the multiple button-shaped nano-alloy structures are embedded in the cutting teeth in an array mode in the extending direction of the central axis. The nozzles are arranged on the cutting grinding head between the adjacent cutting teeth and communicated with the hollow channel to spray fluid, and the central axes of the nozzles are obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the matrix; a plurality of flow passages extend between adjacent cutting teeth from the nozzle toward the periphery of the cutting grind head to cut fluid from the nozzle into an annulus between the grind head and the wellbore. The tool is high in cutting efficiency and meets different well conditions and construction requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, and particularly to a jet drilling, milling and channeling tool and method for a wellbore. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, there are mainly technical problems in the treatment of complex wellbores, such as high risk of drilling and milling in deep horizontal sections, great difficulty in shaping thick-walled casings, low pressure-bearing capacity of expansion pipe threads, and inability to pump ultra-small-sized bridge plugs. It is necessary to carry out research on key technologies such as wellbore channeling, long-section patching, and small-sized bridge plug pumping to achieve technological upgrading and meet field requirements. There are three existing casing deformation shaping methods: one is the mechanical expansion pipe shaping method, that is, a mechanical force is applied by a shaper to extrude the casing wall, and the inner diameter of the deformed part is expanded to achieve the purpose of repair; the second is the milling and shaping method, that is, the protruding deformed part is milled off with a mill shoe, and then cement slurry is poured in for sealing; the third is the explosive shaping method, based on the principle of metal explosive forming technology, a certain number of qualified explosives are placed in a special explosive cylinder, and after being lowered to the casing deformation position, it is detonated, and the energy generated by the explosion of the explosives is used to bulge the deformed part of the casing outward, so as to restore the casing deformation.

[0003] The mechanical expansion pipe shaping method and the explosive shaping method cannot meet different well conditions and different construction requirements, while the milling and shaping method has the following defects: high risk of drilling and milling in deep horizontal sections, small inner diameter, small drill tools, large flexibility, high pump pressure, small displacement, easy to get stuck; slow milling speed, low efficiency, and frequent tripping to replace milling tools; easy to go out of the casing during milling, causing downhole accidents.

[0004] The above information disclosed in the background art is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a jet drilling, milling and channeling tool and method for a wellbore, which has the ability to mill, hang and casing, can meet the jet drilling, milling and channeling operations under different well conditions and different construction requirements, and is applicable to drilling and milling in deep horizontal sections with small inner diameters and has a fast milling speed without the need to frequently replace tools.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A jet drilling, milling and channeling tool for a wellbore of the present invention includes:

[0008] A matrix body, which has a hollow channel extending along its central axis, and one end of the matrix body is provided with a connector detachably connected to a motor;

[0009] A cutting and milling head, which is arranged at the other end of the matrix body relative to the connector, and the cutting and milling head includes,

[0010] Multiple cutting teeth, which form a radial structure centered on the central axis of the matrix, and the radial structure protrudes from the cutting grinding head in a direction away from the connector.

[0011] Multiple button-shaped nano-alloy structures, which are arrayed and embedded in the cutting teeth in a direction extending along the central axis.

[0012] Multiple nozzles, which are arranged on the cutting grinding head between adjacent cutting teeth and communicate with the hollow channel to eject fluid, and the central axis of the nozzle is inclined relative to the central axis of the matrix.

[0013] Multiple flow channels, which extend from the nozzle between adjacent cutting teeth toward the periphery of the cutting grinding head to deliver the fluid from the nozzle to the annulus between the cutting grinding head and the wellbore.

[0014] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the nozzle includes a hollow tapered section for introducing fluid that communicates with the hollow channel and a jet section that communicates with the hollow tapered section. The diameter d of the jet section is the same as the minimum diameter of the hollow tapered section, and the diameter d of the jet section is less than the maximum diameter D of the hollow tapered section.

[0015] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the hollow tapered section is a truncated conical section.

[0016] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the nozzle is provided with multiple replaceable nozzles with diameters ranging from φ3.175 mm to φ5.5 mm, and the outer diameter of the cutting grinding head is φ80 to φ110 mm.

[0017] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the diameter d of the jet section is: where P is the jet pressure, MPa; ρ is the jet density, g / cm 3 ; Q is the jet flow rate, cm 3 / s; C is the flow coefficient.

[0018] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the radial structure includes a cross structure, a star structure, and a fan blade structure.

[0019] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool rotates so that the fluid ejected from the nozzle forms a three-dimensional conical milling surface as a cutting line for cutting and grinding.

[0020] In the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool is a centrosymmetric structure.

[0021] The operation method of the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore includes the following steps.

[0022] The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool is lowered into the wellhead to enter the wellbore, and the sand motor is connected to the connector to drive the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool to rotate.

[0023] Pump the sandblasting fluid into the hollow channel to eject the cutting from the nozzle, and the cutting teeth rotate and cut simultaneously.

[0024] In the operation method, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool combination consists of a sand motor, a releasing joint, a shock absorber, a blowout preventer check valve and a coiled tubing swivel joint to form a coiled tubing operation tool string, or the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool combination consists of a centralizing system, a releasing joint, a shock absorber, a blowout preventer check valve and a tubing or drill pipe swivel joint to form a workover operation tool string.

[0025] In the above technical solution, a jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool and method for the wellbore provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore combines sandblasting jet and drilling and grinding, and can overcome the problems such as casing deformation, breakage, tool sticking, non-drillable and difficult-to-drill falling objects encountered in workover and downhole accident treatment. The rotating jet channeling makes the jet line form a certain angle with the casing axis, and through the rotating hydraulic jet tool, the cutting line is changed into a three-dimensional conical milling surface, and the damaged part of the casing is milled layer by layer. It has the ability to mill and channel a 5000m wellbore in one trip, improving the operation efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is the front view schematic diagram of a jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is the left view schematic diagram of a jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is the sectional view schematic diagram of a jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is the sectional view schematic diagram of the nozzle of a jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being “on” or “under” the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the contact between the first and second features through additional features therebetween rather than direct contact. Moreover, the first feature being “above”, “over” and “on top of” the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being “under”, “beneath” and “underneath” the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] See Figures 1-4 As shown, in one embodiment, a jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to the present invention includes

[0040] A matrix body 3 having a hollow channel 5 extending along its central axis, and a connector 6 detachably connected to a motor is provided at one end of the matrix body 3;

[0041] A cutting and grinding head 7 is provided at the other end of the matrix body 3 relative to the connector 6, and the cutting and grinding head 7 includes

[0042] A plurality of cutting teeth 1 forming a radial structure centered on the central axis of the matrix body 3, and the radial structure protrudes from the cutting and grinding head 7 in a direction away from the connector 6;

[0043] A plurality of button-shaped nano-alloy structures 2 are arrayedly embedded in the cutting teeth 1 in a direction extending along the central axis;

[0044] A plurality of nozzles 4 are provided on the cutting and grinding head 7 between adjacent cutting teeth 1 and communicate with the hollow channel 5 to eject fluid, and the central axis of the nozzle 4 is obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the matrix body 3;

[0045] A plurality of flow channels 8 extend from the nozzles 4 between adjacent cutting teeth 1 toward the periphery of the cutting and grinding head 7 to lead the fluid from the nozzles 4 to the annulus between the cutting and grinding head 7 and the wellbore.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the nozzle 4 includes a hollow tapered section 9 for introducing fluid communicating with the hollow channel 5 and a spraying section 10 communicating with the hollow tapered section 9, the diameter d of the spraying section 10 is the same as the minimum diameter of the hollow tapered section 9, and the diameter d of the spraying section 10 is less than the maximum diameter D of the hollow tapered section 9.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the hollow tapered section 9 is a truncated conical section.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the nozzle 4 is provided with a plurality of replaceable water eyes with diameters ranging from φ3.175 mm to φ5.5 mm, and the outer diameter of the cutting grinding head 7 is φ80 - φ110 mm.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the diameter d of the jet section 10 is: where P is the jet pressure, in MPa; ρ is the jet density, in g / cm 3 ; Q is the jet flow rate, in cm 3 / s; C is the flow coefficient.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the radial structure includes a cross structure, a star structure, and a fan blade structure.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool rotates, so that the fluid ejected from the nozzle 4 forms a three-dimensional conical milling surface as a cutting line for cutting and grinding.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the described jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool has a central symmetry structure.

[0053] In one embodiment, one end of the matrix 3 is machined with API oil drill pipe joint threads for connection to the upper drill string or coiled tubing; the other end surface of the matrix 3 is machined with an annular anti-drop groove to prevent the sintered part from falling off under the force during jet drilling and grinding.

[0054] In one embodiment, the nozzle 4 contains five replaceable water eyes with different diameters ranging from φ3.175 mm to φ5.5 mm.

[0055] In one embodiment, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore is placed in a high-density graphite mold and sintered into one body in a box-type resistance furnace through a high-temperature sintering process. Further, it is processed and manufactured by an impregnated high-temperature sintering process, and the cutting teeth 1 are made of YD cutting alloy material.

[0056] In one embodiment, the cutting grinding head 7 is distributed with five replaceable water eyes with different diameters ranging from φ3.175 mm to φ5.5 mm.

[0057] In one embodiment, the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for the wellbore can be respectively cooperated with drill pipes, tubing or coiled tubing through different reducer joints for operation.

[0058] In one embodiment, the jet drilling, milling and channeling tool for the wellbore is made of superhard nano-alloy by high-temperature sintering, and has high cutting performance and erosion resistance.

[0059] In one embodiment, the nozzle 4 is a ZF30 nozzle 4. The nozzle 4 is made of cemented carbide. The 8-channel 8 design of the nozzle 4 has a large coverage area, a small pressure drop, and high cutting efficiency. Further, by finite element simulation, parameters such as the nozzle diameter, the inlet and outlet shapes, and the diameter-length ratio of the nozzle 4 are optimized to obtain the best jetting efficiency.

[0060] In one embodiment, the injection angle formed by the central axis of the nozzle 4 being inclined relative to the central axis of the matrix 3 controls the diameter of the hydraulic jet channeling to be within φ80mm to φ110mm.

[0061] In one embodiment, the distance between the nozzle 4 and the target point (the casing deformation position) is set to obtain the best jetting efficiency.

[0062] In one embodiment, the hollow channel 5 can pass sand, and the highest sand concentration can reach 15%.

[0063] In one embodiment, the sand concentration during the jet drilling, milling and channeling operation of the wellbore jet drilling, milling and channeling tool is 4% to 8%.

[0064] The operation method of the wellbore jet drilling, milling and channeling tool includes the following steps.

[0065] The jet drilling, milling and channeling tool is lowered into the wellhead to enter the wellbore, and the sand passing motor is connected to the connector 6 to drive the jet drilling, milling and channeling tool to rotate.

[0066] Pump the sandblasting fluid into the hollow channel 5 to jet and cut from the nozzle 4, and the cutting teeth 1 rotate and cut simultaneously.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the operation method, the jet drilling, milling and channeling tool combination includes a sand passing motor, a releasing joint, a shock absorber, an anti-blowout check valve, and a coiled tubing swivel joint to form a coiled tubing operation tool string, or the jet drilling, milling and channeling tool combination includes a centralizing system, a releasing joint, a shock absorber, an anti-blowout check valve, and a tubing or drill pipe swivel joint to form a workover operation tool string.

[0068] In one embodiment, the operation method of the wellbore jet drilling, milling and channeling tool includes the following steps.

[0069] The jet drilling, milling and channeling tool is lowered into the wellhead and drilled down.

[0070] Lower to about 5 m above the fish top, start the pump and circulate through. Circulate and test, and record the pump pressure at different displacements.

[0071] Stop the pump and slowly lower the tool by 5 - 10 KN to probe for the fish (the casing deformation position), and record the depth.

[0072] Lift it by 3 m, start the pump, and after the normal return, lower it to 0.1 m above the top of the fish, and wash the fish top for 5 minutes. After the pump pressure is stable, add abrasive materials for jet cutting;

[0073] If the fish cannot be eliminated in one run, lift out the jet drilling and grinding tool for creating a passage and replace it, then lower the jet drilling and grinding tool for creating a passage again and continue drilling, grinding and jetting until the passage is established or the fish is eliminated, and then move down;

[0074] Lower the drilling and grinding tool for the fish, with a drilling pressure of 5 KN, place a magnet at the return outlet for sampling and observation, and adjust the parameters according to the pressure build-up; move the tool up and down once every about 1 hour of drilling and grinding;

[0075] If the footage becomes slower, gradually increase the drilling pressure and adjust the displacement within the maximum working displacement range to obtain the fastest footage; stop the pump when the jet drilling and grinding tool for creating a passage moves down, continue to push it down to the bottom of the well, circulate for one week until it is clean, and then pull out the drill.

[0076] Furthermore, conduct a lift test every 300 m, pay attention to observe whether there is any resistance, and the maximum resistance should not exceed 20 KN; during the process of jetting and grinding the fish, adjust the parameters in a timely manner according to the pressure build-up at any time.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0078] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration above. Undoubtedly, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore, characterized in that, It includes a carcass having a hollow channel extending along its central axis, and a connector for detachably connecting a motor is provided at one end of the carcass; a cutting and grinding head provided at the other end of the carcass relative to the connector, and the cutting and grinding head includes a plurality of cutting teeth forming a radial structure centered on the central axis of the carcass, and the radial structure protrudes from the cutting and grinding head in a direction away from the connector; a plurality of button-shaped nano-alloy structures arrayed and embedded in the cutting teeth in a direction extending along the central axis; a plurality of nozzles provided on the cutting and grinding head between adjacent cutting teeth and communicating with the hollow channel to eject a fluid, and the central axis of the nozzle is inclined relative to the central axis of the carcass; a plurality of flow channels extending from the nozzle between adjacent cutting teeth toward the periphery of the cutting and grinding head to introduce the fluid from the nozzle into the annulus between the cutting and grinding head and the wellbore.

2. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle includes a hollow tapered section for introducing a fluid communicating with the hollow channel and a jet section communicating with the hollow tapered section, the diameter d of the jet section is the same as the minimum diameter of the hollow tapered section, and the diameter d of the jet section is smaller than the maximum diameter D of the hollow tapered section.

3. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hollow tapered section is a truncated conical section.

4. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nozzle is provided with a plurality of replaceable nozzles with a diameter of φ3.175 mm to φ5.5 mm, and the outer diameter of the cutting and grinding head is φ80 to φ110 mm.

5. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter d of the injection section is as follows: where P is the jet pressure, in MPa; ρ is the jet density, in g / cm 3 ; Q is the jet flow rate, in cm 3 / s; C is the flow coefficient.

6. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial structure includes a cross-shaped structure, a star-shaped structure, and a fan blade structure.

7. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet drilling, grinding, and channeling tool rotates, so that the fluid ejected from the nozzle forms a three-dimensional conical milling surface as a cutting line for cutting and grinding.

8. The jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet drilling, grinding, and channeling tool is a centrosymmetric structure.

9. An operation method for the jet drilling, grinding and channeling tool for a wellbore according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps The jet drilling, grinding, and channeling tool is lowered into the wellhead to enter the wellbore, and the over-sand motor is connected to the connector to drive the jet drilling, grinding, and channeling tool to rotate; Sandblasting fluid is pumped into the hollow channel to eject cutting from the nozzle, and the cutting teeth rotate and cut simultaneously.

10. The operation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The jet drilling, grinding, and channeling tool combination, the over-sand motor, the releasing tool, the shock absorber, the blowout preventer check valve, and the coiled tubing reducer joint form a tool string for coiled tubing operations, or the jet drilling, grinding, and channeling tool combination, the centralizing system, the releasing tool, the shock absorber, the blowout preventer check valve, and the tubing or drill pipe reducer joint form a tool string for workover operations.

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