A gear encoder and a measuring device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gear encoder and a measuring device, relating to the technical field of sensors. The gear encoder includes: a main gear connected to the output shaft of a motor, the outer shell of the motor being magnetic and having a groove on its surface; a brake assembly connected to the motor, the motor starting when the brake assembly is closed; an electromagnetic block disposed in the groove, the electromagnetic block being powered on when the brake assembly is closed and powered off when the brake assembly is started, and the electromagnetic block being slidable along the groove; a driven gear rotatably connected to the electromagnetic block, the driven gear being meshed with the main gear, and a magnetic member being provided on the surface of the driven gear, the motor having the same magnetism as the energized electromagnetic block, and the magnetic member having the opposite magnetism to that of the motor. For the gear encoder and the measuring device provided in this application, after the brake assembly is closed, the energized electromagnetic block has the opposite magnetism to the outer shell of the motor. Therefore, the electromagnetic block will drive the driven gear to move towards the motor, so that the main gear and the driven gear are no longer meshed, avoiding gear damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sensors, and more specifically, to a gear encoder. In addition, the present invention also relates to a measuring device including the above gear encoder. Background Art

[0002] A gear encoder is a multi-turn absolute encoder that relies on travel. However, there is a fatal and important problem with gear encoders: that is, they cannot operate at high speeds. Only a very small number of gear encoders can operate at high speeds, but the cost and construction cost will increase. When the motor encoder runs at a low speed for a long time, there is generally no severe wear, or the worn part can be basically ignored. However, when an ordinary gear encoder runs at high speed, especially when starting and stopping at high speed, the degree of wear between the gears increases significantly, affecting the accuracy and service life of the encoder.

[0003] In summary, how to improve the service life of gear encoders is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art at present. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a gear encoder. When the brake assembly is closed, the electromagnetic block is energized. In the energized state, the electromagnetic block has the same magnetism as the motor. Therefore, the electromagnetic block will drive the driven gear to move away from the motor, so that the main gear and the driven gear are no longer engaged, avoiding gear damage and improving the service life of the gear encoder.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device including the above gear encoder.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A gear encoder is provided on a motor and includes:

[0008] A main gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor. The outer shell of the motor has magnetism, and a groove is provided on the surface of the motor;

[0009] A brake assembly is connected to the motor. When the brake assembly is closed, the motor starts;

[0010] An electromagnetic block is provided in the groove. When the brake assembly is closed, the electromagnetic block is energized. When the brake assembly starts, the electromagnetic block is de-energized, and the electromagnetic block can slide along the groove;

[0011] A driven gear is rotationally connected to the electromagnetic block. The driven gear is meshed with the main gear, and a magnetic member is provided on the surface of the driven gear. The motor has the same magnetism as the energized electromagnetic block, and the magnetic member has the opposite magnetism to the motor.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic member is a magnet. A tubular protrusion is provided on a side of the driven gear facing away from the electromagnetic block, and the magnet is arranged in the tubular protrusion.

[0013] Preferably, a limit post is arranged on the surface of the electromagnetic block, and the height of the limit post is greater than the thicknesses of the main gear and the driven gear.

[0014] Preferably, the magnet has a cylindrical structure, the height of the tubular protrusion is greater than or equal to the thickness of the magnet, and the diameter of the magnet is the same as the inner diameter of the tubular protrusion.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting member is arranged on the driven gear, and the limiting member is used to prevent the magnet from falling off.

[0016] Preferably, both the main gear and the driven gear are magnetic isolation components.

[0017] Preferably, three driven gears are provided, and the three driven gears are evenly distributed on the electromagnetic block, and at least two of the driven gears have the same number of teeth.

[0018] Preferably, the electromagnetic block has a tubular structure, and the shape and size of the electromagnetic block match those of the groove.

[0019] Preferably, the brake assembly is an electric brake assembly, and the brake assembly and the electromagnetic block are both connected in series with a power supply.

[0020] A measuring device includes a gear encoder and a motor, and the gear encoder is the gear encoder of any one of the above.

[0021] A gear encoder provided by the present invention has a groove and a main gear arranged on the motor, an electromagnetic block is arranged in the groove, a driven gear is arranged on the electromagnetic block, and in addition, a magnetic member is also arranged on the driven gear. The electromagnetic block also has magnetism in the energized state, and the magnetism of the electromagnetic block in the energized state is the same as that of the motor. When the brake assembly is closed, the electromagnetic block is energized, and at this time, the electromagnetic block will drive the driven gear to move away from the motor, so that the driven gear and the main gear are no longer engaged. When the main gear rotates at a high speed, there is no longer friction with the driven gear, avoiding damage to the gears and improving the service life of the gear encoder. When the brake assembly is started, the electromagnetic block loses power and no longer has magnetism. The output shaft of the motor becomes a low-speed rotation. The magnetic member arranged on the surface of the driven gear has the opposite magnetism to the outer shell of the motor. Therefore, the driven gear drives the electromagnetic block to move towards the motor until the main gear and the driven gear are engaged. Description of the Drawings

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gear encoder provided by the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1 - motor; 2 - main gear; 3 - electromagnetic block; 4 - driven gear; 5 - tubular protrusion; 6 - limiting post. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The core of the present invention is to provide a gear encoder that can push the driven gear when the main gear rotates at a high speed, so that it no longer meshes with the main gear, prevent gear damage, and improve the service life of the gear encoder.

[0028] Another core of the present invention is to provide a measuring device including the above-mentioned gear encoder.

[0029] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0030] A gear encoder provided by the present application is provided at the end of the motor and includes: a main gear 2, a braking assembly, an electromagnetic block 3 and a driven gear 4;

[0031] Among them, the main gear 2 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 1. The outer shell of the motor 1 has magnetism, and a groove is provided on the surface of the motor 1;

[0032] The braking assembly is connected to the motor 1. When the braking assembly is closed, the motor 1 starts;

[0033] The electromagnetic block 3 is arranged in the groove. When the brake assembly is closed, the electromagnetic block 3 is energized. When the brake assembly is activated, the electromagnetic block 3 is de-energized and the electromagnetic block 3 can slide along the groove.

[0034] The driven gear 4 is rotationally connected to the electromagnetic block 3, and the driven gear 4 is meshed with the main gear 2. A magnetic part is provided on the surface of the driven gear 4. The magnetism of the motor 1 is the same as that of the energized electromagnetic block 3, and the magnetism of the magnetic part is opposite to that of the motor 1.

[0035] For details, please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the surface of the motor 1 is provided with a groove, and an electromagnetic block 3 is provided in the groove. A driven gear 4 is provided on the surface of the electromagnetic block 3. A main gear 2 is provided at the middle position of the motor 1. The main gear 2 is connected to the output end of the motor 1. The motor 1 can drive the main gear 2 to rotate. When the brake assembly is in the closed state, the output end of the motor 1 can be in a high-speed rotation state. The output end of the motor 1 can drive the main gear 2 to rotate at a high speed. When the brake assembly is closed, the electromagnetic block 3 can be energized. The magnetism of the electromagnetic block 3 in the energized state is the same as that of the motor 1. In this way, the electromagnetic block 3 can drive the driven gear 4 on its surface to move in the direction away from the motor 1, thereby releasing the main gear 2 is meshed with the driven gear 4, that is, when the output end of the motor 1 is in high-speed rotation, the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 do not contact, thereby avoiding damage to the gears and prolonging the service life of the gear encoder. When the brake assembly is activated, the output shaft of the motor 1 changes from high speed to low speed rotation, and the electromagnetic block loses power. The electromagnetic block 3 that loses power no longer has magnetism. A magnetic part is provided on the surface of the driven gear 4, and the magnetism of the magnetic part is opposite to that of the motor 1. Therefore, the driven gear 4 drives the electromagnetic block 3 to move toward the direction of the motor 1 until the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 are re-engaged, that is, under the state of low-speed rotation, the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 can interfere with each other and operate normally.

[0036] On the basis of the above embodiment, the magnetic member is a magnet, a tubular protrusion 5 is provided on the side of the driven gear 4 facing away from the electromagnetic block 3 , and the magnet is arranged in the tubular protrusion 5 .

[0037] Specifically, the magnetic part is a magnet, and a tubular protrusion 5 is provided on the surface of the driven gear 4. A groove can be formed between the tubular protrusion 5 and the surface of the driven gear 4, and the magnet is set in the groove. The outer shell of the motor 1 is a magnetic shell. Through the interaction between the outer shell of the motor 1 and the magnet, the magnet can be prevented from falling off the surface of the driven gear 4.

[0038] On the basis of the above embodiment, a limiting column 6 is provided on the surface of the electromagnetic block 3 , and the height of the limiting column 6 is greater than the thickness of the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 .

[0039] Specifically, the surface of the electromagnetic block 3 is provided with limit posts 6. The number of limit posts 6 is at least two. When the number of limit posts 6 is three or more, the limit posts 6 can be evenly distributed on the surface of the electromagnetic block 3. The central axis of the limit post 6 is parallel to the central axis of the electromagnetic block 3. The limit post 6 extends from the surface of the electromagnetic block 3 in a direction away from the motor 1, and the length of the limit post 6 should be greater than the thicknesses of the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 to prevent the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 from contacting the housing of the motor 1.

[0040] On the basis of the above embodiments, the magnet is in a cylindrical structure. The height of the tubular protrusion 5 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the magnet. The diameter of the magnet is the same as the inner diameter of the tubular protrusion 5.

[0041] Specifically, the shape and size of the magnet should match the groove on the inner circumference of the tubular protrusion 5. The thickness of the magnet should be less than or equal to the height of the tubular protrusion 5 to prevent the thickness of the magnet from being too large, especially to prevent the thickness of the magnet from being greater than the length of the limit post 6 to ensure structural stability. The diameter of the magnet should be less than or equal to the inner diameter of the tubular protrusion 5 for easy installation.

[0042] On the basis of the above embodiments, a limiting member is provided on the driven gear 4, and the limiting member is used to prevent the magnet from falling off.

[0043] Specifically, a limiting member can be provided on the tubular protrusion 5 on the surface of the driven gear 4. The limiting member is preferably an elastic protrusion arranged radially. When the magnet is installed, the limiting member will not affect the installation of the magnet. After the magnet is installed, the limiting member plays a role in limiting the magnet to prevent the magnet from falling off the surface of the driven gear 4. Combining with the magnetism of the housing of the motor 1, the limiting member can ensure that the magnet is positioned on the inner circumference of the tubular protrusion 5 and ensure structural stability.

[0044] In some embodiments, both the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 are magnetic shielding components.

[0045] Specifically, both the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 are selected as magnetic shielding components to shield the magnetic field in the plane where the surface of the electromagnetic block 3 is located. Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 , the upper surface of the electromagnetic block 3 can be regarded as a horizontal plane, avoiding the direct crosstalk of the magnetic fields of the magnets on the surface of the driven gear 4, eliminating the magnetic force between multiple magnets in the horizontal plane, and ensuring that the magnetic force between the electromagnetic block 3 and the housing of the motor 1 and the magnetic force between the magnet and the housing of the motor 1 do not interfere with each other.

[0046] Optionally, both the main gear 2 and the driven gear 4 can be made of ferrite materials, silicon steel sheets, etc. Ferrite is a ceramic material with good magnetic permeability and high stability, and relatively low cost. Its main raw materials include iron oxide, zinc oxide, etc., and it is made through high-temperature sintering and subsequent processing processes. It is widely used in magnetic shielding of electronic devices, such as transformers, motors 1, etc., and can provide good shielding effects especially in the high-frequency range. Silicon steel sheet is a silicon-iron soft magnetic alloy with extremely low carbon content, having high magnetic permeability and low loss. Its cost is relatively low and it is convenient to process.

[0047] In some embodiments, there are three driven gears 4, and the three driven gears 4 are evenly distributed on the electromagnetic block 3, and at least two of the driven gears 4 have the same number of teeth.

[0048] Specifically, all three driven gears 4 are meshed with the main gear 2, and two of the driven gears 4 have the same number of teeth. Corresponding to a redundancy calculation-based verification method proposed in this application, it solves the second major problem existing in current gear encoders: the problem of tooth skipping. According to the gear tooth number algorithm, if the number of teeth of the main gear 2 and the two driven gears 4 are 30, 31, and 29 respectively, then after passing 30 * 31 * 29 teeth from any origin point, it returns to the starting origin point. The total number of rotations is 31 * 29 circles. There is a very serious problem among them, that is, the uncertainty of the number of teeth of the two driven gears 4. Taking one of the gears as an example, if the number of teeth of the gear is 20 or 21, the calculated number of circles (the specific calculation algorithm is not the content of the present invention and will not be elaborated) is very different. And the problem of tooth skipping is common, and the reasons for tooth skipping include but are not limited to: gear friction damage, unclear boundary after gear friction, errors when gears fit, and unclear number of teeth caused by other reasons. When the above problems occur, if the number of circles is still analyzed by the algorithm, an error code number of circles will be obtained, which may cause a failure in serious cases.

[0049] To solve the above problems, the invention adds a redundancy design, that is, at least three driven gears 4 are provided, and at least two of the driven gears 4 have the same number of teeth. In this way, at the same starting point, for the two driven gears 4 with the same number of teeth, if there is a deviation in the calculated number of circles. Then it can be determined that the driven gear 4 has a fault, so as to give an alarm in time to avoid the occurrence of a fault or accident. In other words, only when the calculated number of circles of the two driven gears 4 with the same number of teeth is the same, the measurement of the gear encoder is accurate.

[0050] Optionally, an alarm component can be set, and through the alarm component, the state of the above-mentioned driven gear 4 having a fault can be alarmed and reminded to avoid accidents.

[0051] On the basis of the above embodiments, the electromagnetic block 3 is of a tubular structure, and the shape and size of the electromagnetic block 3 match those of the groove.

[0052] Specifically, an annular groove is provided on the surface of the motor 1, and a rotatable main gear 2 is provided in the middle of the motor 1. The output end of the motor 1 corresponds to the main gear 2, which can realize the positioning of the main gear 2. The shape and size of the electromagnetic block 3 match those of the groove, and the groove can also be used as a guide rail. The groove can play an auxiliary positioning role in the reciprocating movement of the electromagnetic block 3.

[0053] On the basis of the above embodiment, the brake assembly is an electric brake assembly, and the brake assembly and the electromagnetic block 3 are both connected in series with the power supply.

[0054] Specifically, when the motor 1 needs to operate, the motor 1 will first be powered on (the motor 1 cannot operate when not powered on). Especially for most motors 1 with brakes, the brake must release the output shaft of the motor 1 after being powered on before the motor 1 can start running. The brake assembly is preferably an electric brake assembly. When the electric brake assembly is powered on, the brake assembly is closed and the motor 1 starts. When the electric brake assembly loses power, the brake assembly starts and the motor 1 enters a low-speed operation state. The series connection of the brake assembly and the electromagnetic block 3 can ensure that the two are powered on or lose power at the same time.

[0055] In addition to the above gear encoder, the present invention also provides a measuring device including the gear encoder disclosed in the above embodiment. For the structures of other parts of the measuring device, please refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0056] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0057] The above has introduced in detail a gear encoder and a measuring device provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear encoder is provided on a motor (1), characterized in that, include: A main gear (2) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (1); the housing of the motor (1) is magnetic, and a surface of the motor (1) is provided with grooves; A brake assembly is connected to the motor (1), and when the brake assembly is closed, the motor (1) is started; An electromagnetic block (3) is arranged in the groove, and when the brake assembly is closed, the electromagnetic block (3) is energized, and when the brake assembly is activated, the electromagnetic block (3) is de-energized, and the electromagnetic block (3) can slide along the groove; A driven gear (4) is rotatably connected to the electromagnetic block (3), the driven gear (4) is meshed with the main gear (2), and a magnetic part is provided on the surface of the driven gear (4), the motor (1) and the energized electromagnetic block (3) have the same magnetic properties, and the magnetic part and the motor (1) have opposite magnetic properties.

2. The gear encoder according to claim 1, wherein The magnetic component is a magnet, and a tubular protrusion (5) is provided on the side of the driven gear (4) facing away from the electromagnetic block (3), and the magnet is arranged in the tubular protrusion (5).

3. The gear encoder according to claim 2, wherein A limiting column (6) is provided on the surface of the electromagnetic block (3), and the height of the limiting column (6) is greater than the thickness of the main gear (2) and the driven gear (4).

4. The gear encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnet is a cylindrical structure, the height of the tubular protrusion (5) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the magnet, and the diameter of the magnet is the same as the diameter of the inner circumference of the tubular protrusion (5).

5. The gear encoder according to claim 4, wherein The driven gear (4) is provided with a limiting member, and the limiting member is used to prevent the magnet from falling off.

6. The gear encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main gear (2) and the driven gear (4) are both magnetic isolation components.

7. The gear encoder according to claim 1, wherein There are three driven gears (4), the three driven gears (4) are evenly distributed on the electromagnetic block (3), and at least two of the driven gears (4) have the same number of teeth.

8. The gear encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The electromagnetic block (3) is a tubular structure, and the shape and size of the electromagnetic block (3) match those of the groove.

9. The gear encoder according to claim 8, characterized in that, The brake assembly is an electric brake assembly, and the brake assembly and the electromagnetic block (3) are both connected in series with a power source.

10. A measuring device, comprising a gear encoder and a motor, characterized in that, The gear encoder is the gear encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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