Flow battery

Abstract

The application relates to a liquid flow energy storage device and relates to the technical field of new energy sources. The liquid flow energy storage device comprises an energy storage system and a discharge system, the energy storage system and the discharge system both comprise an electric membrane stack, the electric membrane stack comprises a positive electrode chamber, a proton chamber and a negative electrode chamber which are sequentially arranged and are in fluid communication, liquid in the proton chamber only transmits protons and does not participate in electrochemical reactions in the energy storage system and electrochemical reactions in the discharge system, so that even if a small amount of iodine ions enter the proton chamber, the iodine ions will leave the electric membrane stack along with the circulation of the liquid, and thus the iodine ions in the proton chamber cannot migrate to the positive electrode chamber, the membrane damage caused by the migration of the iodine ions is avoided, and therefore the service life and the efficiency of the electric membrane stack can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a liquid flow energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage devices are widely used in industry and daily life, such as nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and lithium-air batteries. Each existing battery technology has its advantages and disadvantages, including limitations imposed by technology, significant susceptibility to environmental temperature fluctuations, low efficiency, and safety concerns. Furthermore, battery disposal is a major social and environmental issue. Addressing these problems, a novel iodine battery device has gained widespread attention due to its high energy density, safety, temperature independence, recyclability, and environmental friendliness. Iodine batteries utilize the conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy for charging and vice versa, potentially solving the problems of the aforementioned battery types. However, in practice, it has been found that the lifespan of the reactor in this iodine battery device, where the chemical reaction occurs, falls far short of its expected lifespan, resulting in a significant decrease in production capacity and high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a liquid flow energy storage device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] This invention provides a flow-through energy storage device, comprising:

[0005] The energy storage system and the discharge system are provided, and the number of the energy storage system and the discharge system is one or more.

[0006] The energy storage system undergoes an electrochemical reaction to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, and the discharge system undergoes an electrochemical reaction to convert chemical energy into electrical energy.

[0007] The energy storage system and the discharge system are connected. The product input in the energy storage system is used as the input of the discharge system, and the product input in the discharge system is used as the input of the energy storage system.

[0008] Both the energy storage system and the discharge system include an electrochemical membrane stack, which includes a positive electrode chamber, a proton chamber, and a negative electrode chamber arranged in sequence and in fluid communication. The liquid in the proton chamber does not participate in the electrochemical reactions in the energy storage system or the discharge system.

[0009] In one embodiment, the energy storage system and the discharge system further include a periodic acid circulation device, a phosphoric acid circulation device, a hydroiodic acid circulation device, and an iodine removal device, respectively.

[0010] The positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to its periodic acid circulation device to form a circulation system, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber and the periodic acid circulation device.

[0011] The proton chamber of the energy storage system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device, and the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system is also connected to the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the energy storage system through the phosphoric acid circulation device.

[0012] The negative electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the negative electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system.

[0013] In one embodiment, the proton chamber of the discharge system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, the deiodination ionization device of the discharge system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device, and the phosphoric acid circulation device of the discharge system is also connected to the proton chamber of the discharge system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the discharge system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the discharge system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the discharge system via the phosphoric acid circulation device.

[0014] The energy storage system and the discharge system also include a periodic acid circulation device, a hydroiodic acid circulation device and a deiodide ion removal device, respectively. The energy storage system also includes a phosphoric acid circulation device.

[0015] The positive electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber of the discharge system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system;

[0016] The proton chamber of the energy storage system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device, and the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system is also connected to the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the energy storage system through the phosphoric acid circulation device.

[0017] The negative electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the negative electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system.

[0018] The proton chamber of the discharge system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, which is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device. The phosphoric acid circulation device is also connected to the proton chamber of the discharge system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device after deiodination and then enters the proton chamber of the discharge system via the phosphoric acid circulation device.

[0019] In one embodiment, the energy storage system and the discharge system further include a periodic acid circulation device and a hydroiodic acid circulation device, respectively, and the energy storage system further includes a phosphoric acid circulation device and a deiodide ion removal device;

[0020] The positive electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber of the discharge system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system;

[0021] The proton chamber of the energy storage system and the proton chamber of the discharge system are both connected to the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system. The deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device. The phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system is also connected to the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the energy storage system and the proton chamber of the discharge system via the phosphoric acid circulation device.

[0022] The negative electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the negative electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system. In one embodiment, the deiodination ion device includes:

[0023] An iodine removal circulation tank, the inlet of which is connected to the proton chamber;

[0024] A ceramic membrane iodine separation device, wherein the inlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device is connected to the outlet of the iodine removal circulation tank, and the outlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device is connected to the inlet of the phosphoric acid circulation device, the ceramic membrane iodine separation device is used to separate elemental iodine from the liquid, and input the liquid after solid-liquid separation into the phosphoric acid circulation device; and

[0025] A dosing device is connected to the pipeline between the inlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device and the outlet of the deiodination circulation tank. The dosing device is used to add hydrogen peroxide to the ceramic membrane iodine separation device.

[0026] In one embodiment, the periodic acid circulation device includes a periodic acid circulation tank and a periodic acid circulation pump. The liquid outlet of the positive electrode chamber is connected to the inlet of the periodic acid circulation tank, and the outlet of the periodic acid circulation tank is connected to the positive electrode chamber through the periodic acid circulation pump, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber and the periodic acid circulation device.

[0027] The phosphoric acid circulation device includes a phosphoric acid circulation tank and a phosphoric acid circulation pump. The outlet of the deiodination device is connected to the liquid inlet of the phosphoric acid circulation tank, and the liquid outlet of the phosphoric acid circulation tank is connected to the proton chamber through the phosphoric acid circulation pump. The phosphoric acid circulation pump transports the liquid in the phosphoric acid circulation tank that does not contain elemental iodine to the proton chamber.

[0028] In one embodiment, the phosphoric acid circulation device further includes a first regulating valve, which is disposed on the pipeline connecting the phosphoric acid circulation pump and the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The first regulating valve can control the amount of phosphoric acid input from the phosphoric acid circulation tank into the proton chamber.

[0029] In one embodiment, in the electrode film stack of the energy storage system,

[0030] The reaction in its positive electrode chamber is: IO3 - -2e+H2O=IO4 - +2H + ;

[0031] The reaction in the negative electrode chamber is: I₂ + 2e⁻ + 2H⁺ + =2HI;

[0032] In the electrode film stack of the discharge system

[0033] The reaction in its positive electrode chamber is: IO4 - +2H + +2e = IO3 - +H2O;

[0034] The reaction in the negative electrode chamber is: 2HI - 2e = I2 + 2H + .

[0035] In one embodiment, the electrode membrane stack includes a positive electrode membrane and a cation membrane, the space between the positive electrode membrane and the cation membrane defining the proton chamber;

[0036] Wherein, the concentration of iodine ions permeating from the negative electrode chamber through the cation membrane in the liquid of the proton chamber of the energy storage system is less than 0.05%;

[0037] The concentrations of iodate and periodate ions in the liquid in the proton chamber of the discharge system that permeate from the negative electrode chamber through the cation membrane are both less than 0.05%.

[0038] In one embodiment, a proton chamber partition is disposed between the positive electrode membrane and the cation membrane, and the proton chamber partition is provided with a plurality of proton chamber partition channels. Liquid in the proton chamber can flow into the deiodination ion device through the plurality of proton chamber partition channels respectively, and liquid in the phosphoric acid recycling device can flow into the proton chamber through the proton chamber partition channels.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: by adding a proton chamber to the electro-film stack of the energy storage system and the discharge system, the liquid in the proton chamber only transports protons and does not participate in the electrochemical reactions in the energy storage system or the discharge system. In this way, even if a small amount of iodine ions enter the proton chamber, they will leave the electro-film stack with the circulation of the liquid and be removed by the deiodination device. Therefore, iodine ions will not migrate from the proton chamber to the positive electrode chamber, thus ensuring that the electro-film stack will not be damaged by the migration of iodine ions. Therefore, the service life and efficiency of the electro-film stack can be greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow energy storage device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow energy storage device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow energy storage device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow energy storage device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2a yes Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-capacity energy storage system;

[0046] Figure 2b yes Figure 1a Schematic diagram of the intermediate discharge system;

[0047] Figure 2c yes Figure 1b A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-capacity energy storage system;

[0048] Figure 2d yes Figure 1b Schematic diagram of the intermediate discharge system;

[0049] Figure 2e yes Figure 1c A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-capacity energy storage system;

[0050] Figure 2f yes Figure 1c Schematic diagram of the intermediate discharge system;

[0051] Figure 3a In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode membrane stack is not shown, including the gasket, the positive electrode chamber partition, the proton chamber partition, and the negative electrode chamber partition.

[0052] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrofilm stack in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4a yes Figure 3b The front view of the positive end plate shown;

[0054] Figure 4b yes Figure 3b Side view of the positive end plate shown;

[0055] Figure 4c yes Figure 3b A top view of the positive end plate shown;

[0056] Figure 5 yes Figure 3b The front view of the positive electrode plate shown;

[0057] Figure 6 yes Figure 3b Front view of the positive electrode chamber partition shown in the image;

[0058] Figure 7 yes Figure 3b Front view of the negative electrode plate shown;

[0059] Figure 8 yes Figure 3b The front view of the positive electrode membrane shown;

[0060] Figure 9 yes Figure 3b Front view of the proton chamber partition shown in the image;

[0061] Figure 10 yes Figure 3b Front view of the negative electrode chamber partition shown in the image;

[0062] Figure 11a yes Figure 3bFront view of the negative end plate shown;

[0063] Figure 11b yes Figure 3b The side view of the negative end plate shown.

[0064] Figure label:

[0065] 100. Energy storage system; 200. Discharge system; 10. Periodic acid circulation device; 20. Phosphoric acid circulation device; 30. Hydroiodic acid circulation device; 40. Iodine removal device; 50. Power supply; 60. Load; 80. Electrolytic membrane stack; 101. Periodic acid circulation tank; 102. Periodic acid circulation pump; 201. Phosphoric acid circulation tank; 202. Phosphoric acid circulation pump; 203. First regulating valve; 204. Second regulating valve; 301. Hydroiodic acid circulation tank; 302. Hydroiodic acid circulation pump; 401. Ceramic membrane iodine separation device; 402. Iodine removal circulation tank; 403. Dosing device; 404. Iodine removal circulation pump; 4031. Metering tank; 4032. Metering pump; 8001. Positive electrode chamber; 8002, Proton Chamber; 8003, Negative Electrode Chamber; 801, Positive End Plate; 8011, Side Flow Channel of Positive End Plate; 8012, Upper Flow Channel of Positive End Plate; 8013, Lower Flow Channel of Positive End Plate; 802, Positive Electrode Plate; 8021, Positive Electrode Plate Connecting Lug; 8022, Positive Electrode Plate Flow Channel; 810, Positive Electrode Chamber Separator; 80001, Positive Electrode Chamber Separator Flow Channel; 803, Positive Electrode Membrane; 8031, Positive Electrode Membrane Flow Channel; 804, Proton Chamber Separator; 8041, Proton Chamber Separator Flow Channel; 805, Cation Membrane; 806, Negative Electrode Chamber Separator; 807, Negative Electrode Plate; 8071, Negative Electrode Plate Connecting Lug; 808, Negative End Plate; 8081, Negative End Plate Flow Channel; 809, Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] like Figure 1a , Figure 1b and Figure 1c As shown, the liquid flow energy storage device of the present invention includes an energy storage system 100 and a discharge system 200. The energy storage system 100 is connected to a power source 50 to store electricity, while the discharge system 200 can be connected to a load 60 to power the load 60 as a battery.

[0069] like Figure 1a , Figure 2a and Figure 2bAs shown, in an optional embodiment, the energy storage system 100 includes a periodic acid cycle device 10, a phosphoric acid cycle device 20, a hydroiodic acid cycle device 30, a deiodide ion removal device 40, and an electrostatic membrane stack 80. It is understood that the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the energy storage system 100 in the form of a charging membrane stack. Therefore, as... Figure 1a As shown, the electro-film stack 80 in the energy storage system 100 is electrically connected to the power supply 50 (DC power supply).

[0070] exist Figure 1a , Figure 2a and Figure 2b In the illustrated embodiment, the structure of the discharge system 200 is the same as that of the energy storage system 100, that is, it also includes a periodic acid circulation device 10, a phosphoric acid circulation device 20, a hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, a deiodide ion removal device 40, and an electrostatic membrane stack 80. Understandably, the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the form of a discharge membrane stack in the discharge system 200. Therefore, as shown in FIG2, the electrostatic membrane stack 80 in the discharge system 200 is electrically connected to the load 60.

[0071] The number of energy storage systems 100 can be one or more, and multiple energy storage systems 100 can be connected in series; the number of discharge systems 200 can be one or more, and multiple discharge systems 200 can be connected in series; when the flow storage device includes multiple energy storage systems 100 and multiple discharge systems 200, it can have a higher power regulation capability. Therefore, large and ultra-large energy storage devices can be made as needed and used for power peak shaving to store unused electricity to meet peak power demand; it can also store clean energy such as wind and solar energy.

[0072] Furthermore, such as Figure 1a As shown, the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the discharge system 200; the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the discharge system 200 is also connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the energy storage system 100. Therefore, the energy storage system 100 of the present invention undergoes an electrochemical reaction to convert electrical energy into chemical energy; conversely, the discharge system 200 of the present invention undergoes an electrochemical reaction to convert chemical energy into electrical energy to supply power to the load 60. Thus, the flow-through energy storage device of the present invention is not affected by ambient temperature, improving its applicability.

[0073] The electro-film stack 80 in the energy storage system 100 and the electro-film stack 80 in the discharge system 200 have the same structure, so the following description will take the electro-film stack 80 in the discharge system 200 as an example.

[0074] like Figure 3a and Figure 3bAs shown, the electrode film stack 80 of the discharge system 200 includes, in sequence, a positive electrode plate 801 (anode plate), a positive electrode plate 802 (anode plate), a positive electrode chamber partition 810 (anode chamber partition), a positive electrode membrane 803 (anode membrane), a proton chamber partition 804, a cation membrane 805, a negative electrode chamber partition 806 (cathode chamber partition), a negative electrode plate 807 (cathode plate), and a negative electrode plate 808 (cathode plate). A gasket 80 is provided between each pair of adjacent structures. 9; For example, gaskets 809 are provided between the positive electrode plate 801 and the positive electrode plate 802, between the positive electrode plate 802 and the positive electrode chamber partition 810, between the positive electrode chamber partition 810 and the positive electrode membrane 803, between the positive electrode membrane 803 and the proton chamber partition 804, between the proton chamber partition 804 and the cation membrane 805, between the cation membrane 805 and the negative electrode chamber partition 806, between the negative electrode chamber partition 806 and the negative electrode plate 807, and between the negative electrode plate 807 and the negative electrode plate 808.

[0075] like Figure 3a As shown, the electrofilm stack 80 includes a positive electrode chamber 8001, a proton chamber 8002, and a negative electrode chamber 8003, which are arranged sequentially and are in fluid communication.

[0076] The space between the positive electrode plate 801, positive electrode plate 802, and positive electrode membrane 803 in the discharge system 200 defines a positive electrode chamber 8001, where the electrochemical reaction occurring is an oxidation reaction. The positive electrode chamber 8001 plays a role in generating hydrogen ions during the electrochemical reaction occurring in the electrode membrane stack 80. The space between the positive electrode membrane 803 and the cation exchange membrane 805 defines a proton exchange chamber 8002, where the liquid does not participate in the reaction but only transfers hydrogen ions (protons). The space between the cation exchange membrane 805, negative electrode plate 807, and negative electrode plate 808 defines a negative electrode chamber 8003, where the electrochemical reaction occurring is a reduction reaction.

[0077] Accordingly, the space between the anode end plate, anode plate, and anode membrane of the energy storage system 100 defines the anode chamber, where the electrochemical reaction occurring is an oxidation reaction. The anode chamber plays a role in generating hydrogen ions during the electrochemical reaction occurring in the electrochemical membrane stack 80. The space between the anode membrane and the cation exchange membrane 805 defines the proton chamber, where the liquid does not participate in the reaction but only transfers hydrogen ions (protons). The space between the cation exchange membrane, cathode plate, and cathode end plate defines the cathode chamber, where the electrochemical reaction occurring is a reduction reaction.

[0078] Understandably, the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the energy storage system 100 includes a positive electrode plate, an anode plate, an anode chamber partition, a positive electrode membrane 803, a proton chamber partition 804, a cation membrane 805, a cathode chamber partition, a cathode plate, and a cathode electrode plate, wherein a gasket 809 is provided between each of the above two adjacent structures.

[0079] In other words, the positive terminal plate 801 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the anode terminal plate in the energy storage system 100; the positive terminal plate 802 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the anode plate in the energy storage system 100; the positive electrode chamber partition 810 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the anode chamber partition in the energy storage system 100; the positive electrode film 803 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the anode film in the energy storage system 100; the negative electrode chamber partition 806 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the cathode chamber partition in the energy storage system 100; the negative electrode plate 807 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the cathode plate in the energy storage system 100; and the negative terminal plate 808 in the discharge system 200 corresponds to the cathode plate in the energy storage system 100. The components in the discharge system 200 and the components in the energy storage system 100 have different names because they participate in different reactions. Therefore, in the following description, the distinction between "anode" and "positive electrode," and between "cathode" and "negative electrode" will not be made.

[0080] Because the present invention defines a proton chamber 8002 that does not participate in the reaction, the concentration of iodide ions in the liquid in the proton chamber 8002 that permeates from the negative electrode chamber 8003 to the cation membrane 805 must be maintained at less than 0.05% (this can be ensured by the deiodination device 40). Under this concentration condition, iodide ions in the proton chamber 8002 will not migrate to the positive electrode chamber 8001, thereby ensuring that the positive electrode membrane 803 will not be damaged due to the migration of iodide ions.

[0081] Since the positive electrode membrane 803 is located in the positive electrode chamber 8001, which is the positive electrode chamber where the oxidation reaction occurs, the positive electrode membrane 803 is designed to have higher oxidation resistance than the cation membrane 805.

[0082] Furthermore, a proton chamber partition 804 with flow channels is disposed between the positive electrode membrane 803 and the cation membrane 805, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the proton chamber partition 804 with flow channels is provided with multiple proton chamber partition flow channels 8041. The liquid in the proton chamber 8002 can flow into the deiodide ion device 40 through the multiple proton chamber partition flow channels 8041 respectively, and the liquid in the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 can flow into the proton chamber 8002 through the proton chamber partition flow channels 8041.

[0083] like Figure 3a and Figure 3bAs shown, the electrode membrane stack 80 also includes a positive electrode plate 801, a positive electrode plate 802, and a positive electrode chamber partition 810 arranged sequentially with a positive electrode plate flow channel. The positive electrode chamber partition 810 is located on the side of the positive electrode membrane 803 away from the cation membrane 805, and the positive electrode plate 801 is located on the side of the positive electrode plate 802 away from the positive electrode chamber partition 810. The space between the positive electrode plate 801, the positive electrode plate 802, the positive electrode chamber partition 810, and the positive electrode membrane 803 defines the positive electrode chamber 8001.

[0084] The electrode membrane stack 80 also includes a negative electrode plate 808 and a negative electrode plate 807 having a negative electrode plate flow channel 8081. The negative electrode plate 807 is located on the side of the cation membrane 805 away from the positive electrode membrane 803, and the negative electrode plate 808 is located on the side of the negative electrode plate 807 away from the cation membrane 805. A negative electrode chamber partition 806 is disposed between the cation membrane 805 and the negative electrode plate 807. The space between the cation membrane 805, the negative electrode chamber partition 806, the negative electrode plate 807 and the negative electrode plate 808 defines the negative electrode chamber 8003.

[0085] A negative electrode chamber partition 806 is disposed between the cation membrane 805 and the negative electrode plate 807. The electrode membrane stack 80 also includes a gasket 809, which is located between the positive electrode plate 801 and the positive electrode plate 802, between the positive electrode plate 802 and the positive electrode membrane 803, between the positive electrode membrane 803 and the proton chamber partition 804, between the proton chamber partition 804 and the cation membrane 805, between the cation membrane 805 and the negative electrode chamber partition 806, between the negative electrode chamber partition 806 and the negative electrode plate 807, and between the negative electrode plate 807 and the negative electrode plate 808.

[0086] The negative electrode plate 807 is made of the same material as the positive electrode plate 802, thus suppressing hydrogen production. Preferably, both the negative electrode plate 807 and the positive electrode plate 802 are made of titanium coated with precious metals such as ruthenium and iridium. The negative electrode plate 807 with this design can suppress hydrogen production, thereby ensuring that iodine is reduced to iodide ions first and preventing the generation of hydrogen.

[0087] When the electrostatic precipitator 80 exists as a discharge film stack, the reaction formula in its positive electrode chamber 8001 is: IO4 - +2H + +2e = IO3 - +H₂O; The reaction in the negative electrode chamber 8003 is: 2HI - 2e=I₂ + 2H₂O; + (At this time, elemental iodine exists in the liquid state of hydrogen triiodide.)

[0088] Therefore, the discharge process of the discharge system 200 is as follows: electrons move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through the load 60. In the electrode membrane stack 80 of the discharge system 200, iodine ions in the negative electrode chamber 8003 lose electrons to generate elemental iodine (at this time, elemental iodine exists in the liquid state of hydrogen triiodide). Hydrogen ions enter the positive electrode chamber 8001 through the positive electrode membrane 803. In the positive electrode chamber 8001, periodate ions gain electrons to generate iodate ions, and hydroxide ions are generated at the same time. The hydroxide ions combine with the hydrogen ions that permeate from the positive electrode membrane 803 to form water molecules.

[0089] Furthermore, elemental iodine is generated in the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the electrostatic precipitator 80 in the discharge system 200. The product in the discharge system 200, namely elemental iodine, is sent to the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the energy storage system 100 as an input to the energy storage system 100. More specifically, the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to the negative electrode chamber 8003 of its electrostatic precipitator 80. Therefore, the elemental iodine generated by the discharge system 200 enters the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the energy storage system 100, and thus participates in the above-mentioned reaction in the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the energy storage system 100.

[0090] Furthermore, the structure of the electro-film stack 80 in the energy storage system 100 is the same as that of the electro-film stack 80 in the discharge system 200 described above. However, the electro-film stack 80 in the energy storage system 100 exists as a charging stack, and the reaction formula in its positive electrode chamber 8001 is: IO3 - -2e+H2O=IO4 - +2H + The reaction in the negative electrode chamber 8003 is: I₂ + 2e⁻ + 2H⁺ + =2HI.

[0091] Therefore, the charging process of the energy storage system 100 is the process by which the electrochemical membrane stack 80, as a charging membrane stack, converts electrical energy into chemical energy, wherein the electrochemical reaction is the process of obtaining hydroiodic acid and periodic acid. When the electrochemical membrane stack 80 is connected to the power source 50, the iodine in its negative electrode chamber 8003 gains electrons and undergoes a reduction reaction. Since the negative electrode plate 807 can suppress the generation of hydrogen gas, the iodine is first reduced to iodide ions; while the iodate ions in the positive electrode chamber 8001 lose electrons to generate periodate ions, and at the same time, corresponding hydrogen ions are generated. Under the action of the electric field, the hydrogen ions pass through the positive electrode membrane 803 and combine with the iodide ions in the negative electrode chamber 8003 to form hydroiodic acid.

[0092] Hydroiodic acid is generated in the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the electrolytic membrane stack 80 in the energy storage system 100, such as... Figure 1aAs shown, the product in the energy storage system 100, namely hydroiodic acid, is transported to the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the discharge system 200 as an input to the discharge system 200. More specifically, the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 in the discharge system 200 is connected to the positive electrode chamber 8001 of its electrochemical membrane stack 80. Therefore, the hydroiodic acid generated in the energy storage system 100 can enter the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the discharge system 200, and then enter the negative electrode chamber 8003 of its electrochemical membrane stack 80. In this way, it participates in the following reaction in the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the electrochemical membrane stack 80 of the discharge system 200, so that the hydroiodic acid in the electrochemical membrane stack 80 of the discharge system 200 can be maintained at a predetermined concentration, so as to achieve the purpose of converting chemical energy into electrical energy to supply power to the load 60.

[0093] Therefore, the flow battery energy storage device of the present invention uses iodine as its raw material. In the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the energy storage system 100, the charging process occurs, specifically, iodic acid in the positive electrode chamber 8001 is oxidized to form periodic acid, and iodine in the negative electrode chamber 8003 is reduced to form hydroiodic acid. The discharging process in the electrostatic precipitator 80 of the discharging system 200 is the reverse reaction. Therefore, the start and end points of charging can be controlled by the potential value.

[0094] like Figure 4a , Figure 4b and Figure 4c As shown, a positive terminal plate 801 has positive terminal plate flow channels, including multiple positive terminal plate side flow channels 8011, multiple positive terminal plate upper flow channels 8012, and multiple positive terminal plate lower flow channels 8013. These flow channels are independent of each other. The multiple positive terminal plate upper flow channels 8012 are arranged side-by-side, and their extending directions are all perpendicular to the extending directions of the positive terminal plate side flow channels 8011.

[0095] The positive terminal plate side flow channel 8011 can be, for example, a hole formed on the left and right sides of the positive terminal plate 801. The upper flow channel 8012 and the lower flow channel 8013 of the positive terminal plate can be holes formed on the upper surface of the positive terminal plate 801 near its upper end and near its lower end, respectively. The upper flow channel 8012 and the lower flow channel 8013 of the positive terminal plate are symmetrically arranged about the positive terminal plate 801.

[0096] Multiple positive electrode plate side channels 8011 can be connected to periodic acid circulation tank 101 respectively, so that the liquid can circulate between periodic acid circulation tank 101 and positive electrode chamber 8001; multiple positive electrode plate upper channel channels 8012 can be connected to phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 and deiodine circulation tank 402 respectively, and multiple positive electrode plate lower channel channels 8013 can be connected to phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 and deiodine circulation tank 402 respectively, so that the liquid can circulate between phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 and deiodine circulation tank 402.

[0097] The positive electrode plate 802 is provided with multiple positive electrode plate channels 8022. The positive electrode plate channels 8022 are constructed as holes that penetrate the thickness direction of the positive electrode plate 802 (for example, 6 holes are provided, or more holes can be provided). The holes on the positive electrode plate 802 used to form the positive electrode plate channels 8022 correspond one-to-one with the holes on the positive electrode plate 801 used to form the upper flow channel 8012 and the lower flow channel 8013 of the positive electrode plate. Therefore, after the positive electrode plate 802 and the positive electrode plate 801 are pressed together, the holes on the two are aligned with each other, thereby forming a flow channel for liquid to flow.

[0098] like Figure 9 As shown, the proton chamber partition 804 is provided with a plurality of proton chamber partition flow channels 8041, which are constructed as holes (e.g., 6 holes, or more holes) penetrating the thickness direction of the proton chamber partition and grooves communicating with the corresponding holes. The holes on the proton chamber partition 804 for forming the proton chamber partition flow channels 8041, the holes on the positive electrode plate 802 for forming the positive electrode plate flow channels 8022, and the holes on the positive electrode plate 801 for forming the upper flow channel 8012 and the lower flow channel 8013 of the positive electrode plate are one-to-one. Therefore, after the proton chamber partition 804, the positive electrode plate 802 and the positive electrode plate 801 are pressed together, the holes on them are aligned with each other, thereby forming a flow channel for liquid to flow.

[0099] like Figure 6 As shown, the positive electrode chamber partition 810 is provided with a plurality of positive electrode chamber partition channels 80001. The positive electrode chamber partition channels 80001 are constructed as holes that penetrate the thickness direction of the positive electrode chamber partition 810 (for example, 6 holes are provided, or more holes can be provided). The holes on the proton chamber partition 804 for forming the proton chamber partition channel 8041, the holes on the positive electrode plate 802 for forming the positive electrode plate channel 8022, and the holes on the positive electrode plate 801 for forming the upper flow channel 8012 and the lower flow channel 8013 of the positive electrode plate are one-to-one corresponded. Therefore, after the proton chamber partition 804, the positive electrode chamber partition 810, the positive electrode plate 802 and the positive electrode plate 801 are pressed together, the holes on them are aligned with each other, thereby forming a flow channel for liquid to flow.

[0100] Similarly, as Figure 8As shown, a plurality of positive electrode membrane channels 8031 ​​are provided on the positive electrode membrane 803. The positive electrode membrane channels 8031 ​​are constructed as holes penetrating the thickness direction of the positive electrode membrane 803 (for example, 6 holes are provided, or more holes can be provided). The holes on the positive electrode membrane 803 for forming the positive electrode membrane channels 8031, the holes on the positive electrode chamber partition 810 for forming the positive electrode chamber partition channels 80001, and the holes on the proton chamber partition 804 for forming the proton chamber partition channels 80001 are also provided. The holes on the positive electrode plate 801 and the holes on the positive electrode plate 802 used to form the positive electrode plate flow channel 8022 correspond one-to-one with the holes on the positive electrode plate 801 used to form the upper flow channel 8012 and the lower flow channel 8013 of the positive electrode plate. Therefore, after the positive electrode chamber partition 810, positive electrode membrane 803, proton chamber partition 804, positive electrode plate 802 and positive electrode plate 801 are pressed together, the holes on them are aligned with each other, thereby forming a flow channel for liquid to flow.

[0101] like Figure 11a and Figure 11b As shown, a negative electrode plate 808 has a negative electrode plate flow channel 8081, which can be one type or multiple, for communicating with the hydroiodic acid circulation device 3, so that the liquid can circulate between the negative electrode chamber 8003 and the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30. The negative electrode plate flow channel 8081 can be a hole formed on the side of the negative electrode plate 808.

[0102] In addition, holes (through holes in the thickness direction) are provided at corresponding positions on each gasket 809, that is, the gasket 809 is constructed as a perforated gasket, and the holes on it can be used to form a fluid communication channel with the structures adjacent to its left and right sides.

[0103] Understandably, the holes on the gasket 809 correspond one-to-one with the holes on the positive terminal plate 801, positive terminal plate 802, positive terminal chamber partition 810, positive terminal membrane 803, and proton chamber partition 804 used to form flow channels (i.e., the number of holes and the spacing between adjacent holes are the same). After pressing it between the positive terminal plate 801 and the positive terminal plate 802, and between the positive terminal membrane 803 and the proton chamber partition 804, a flow channel for liquid to flow can be formed.

[0104] Similarly, the negative electrode plate 808, the negative electrode plate 807, and the negative electrode chamber partition 806, as well as the gasket therebetween, are fluidly connected through flow channels constructed with holes, so that liquid can enter the hydroiodic acid circulation device 3 from the negative electrode chamber 8003 through these flow channels constructed with holes, and enter the negative electrode chamber 8003 from the hydroiodic acid circulation device 3 through these flow channels constructed with holes.

[0105] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the positive plate 802 is also provided with a plurality of positive plate connecting ears 8021, and the negative plate 807 is also provided with a plurality of negative plate connecting ears 8071.

[0106] As shown in Figure 2, when the electro-film stack 80 exists as a charging electro-film stack, it is connected to the power supply 50. The power supply 50 is a DC power supply. The positive terminal of the power supply 50 is electrically connected to the positive plate connecting lug 8021 of the electro-film stack 80, and the negative terminal of the power supply 50 is electrically connected to the negative plate connecting lug 8071 of the electro-film stack 80, thereby supplying power to the electro-film stack 80.

[0107] Accordingly, when the electro-film stack 80 exists as a discharge film stack, it is connected to the load 60. The load 60 is electrically connected to the positive plate connecting lug 8021 and the negative plate connecting lug 8071 of the electro-film stack 80, so that the electro-film stack 80 can supply power to the load 60.

[0108] The periodic acid circulation device 10, phosphoric acid circulation device 20, hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, and deiodide ion removal device 40 in the energy storage system 100 have the same structure as the periodic acid circulation device 10, phosphoric acid circulation device 20, hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, and deiodide ion removal device 40 in the discharge system 200. Therefore, the following description will take the periodic acid circulation device 10, phosphoric acid circulation device 20, hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, and deiodide ion removal device 40 in the energy storage system 100 as examples.

[0109] The periodic acid circulation device 10 includes a periodic acid circulation tank 101 and a periodic acid circulation pump 102. The liquid outlet of the positive electrode chamber 8001 is connected to the inlet of the periodic acid circulation tank 101, and the outlet of the periodic acid circulation tank 101 is connected to the positive electrode chamber 8001 through the periodic acid circulation pump 102, so that the liquid (periodic acid) circulates between the positive electrode chamber 8001 and the periodic acid circulation device 10.

[0110] In addition, the periodic acid circulation tank 101 is also equipped with a liquid filling port, through which periodic acid can be added to the periodic acid circulation tank 101.

[0111] The proton chamber 8002 is connected to the deiodination ion device 40, so that the liquid in the proton chamber 8002 flows into the deiodination ion device 40; the deiodination ion device 40 is connected to the phosphoric acid circulation device 20, so that the liquid in the deiodination ion device 40 flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 after deiodination.

[0112] The deiodine ion removal device 40 includes a deiodine circulation tank 402, a ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401, and a dosing device 403. The inlet of the deiodine circulation tank 402 is connected to the proton chamber 8002, so that the liquid in the proton chamber 8002 flows into the deiodine circulation tank 402.

[0113] The inlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 is connected to the outlet of the deiodine circulation tank 402 via the deiodine circulation pump 404. The outlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 is connected to the inlet of the phosphoric acid circulation device 20. The ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 is used to separate elemental iodine from the liquid and input the liquid after solid-liquid separation into the phosphoric acid circulation device 20.

[0114] The phosphoric acid circulation device 20 includes a phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 and a phosphoric acid circulation pump 202. The outlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 is connected to the liquid inlet of the phosphoric acid circulation tank 201. Therefore, the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 inputs the liquid after solid-liquid separation into the phosphoric acid circulation tank 201. The liquid outlet of the phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 is connected to the proton chamber 8002 through the phosphoric acid circulation pump 202. The phosphoric acid circulation pump 202 can transport the liquid in the phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 that does not contain elemental iodine (solid) to the proton chamber 8002.

[0115] Furthermore, the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 also includes a first regulating valve 203, which is installed on the pipeline connecting the phosphoric acid circulation pump 202 and the proton chamber 8002. The first regulating valve 203 can control the amount of phosphoric acid input from the phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 to the proton chamber 8002. A dosing device 403 is connected to the pipeline between the inlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 and the outlet of the deiodization circulation tank 402. The dosing device 403 includes a metering tank 4031 and a metering pump 4032 connected to the metering tank 4031. The metering tank 4031 contains hydrogen peroxide, and the metering pump 4032 can add the hydrogen peroxide from the metering tank 4031 to the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401. The ceramic membrane in the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 can be, for example, an acid- and alkali-resistant and oxidation-resistant separation membrane.

[0116] Since the liquid in the iodine removal circulation tank 402 originates from the proton chamber 8002 and contains elemental iodine (solid), hydrogen peroxide is added to the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 through the metering tank 4031. Under acidic conditions, iodine ions are oxidized to elemental iodine, thus achieving solid-liquid separation. The separated liquid is free of elemental iodine and can be returned to the phosphoric acid circulation device 20. Furthermore, the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 can also remove small amounts of iodate and periodate ions that diffuse from the negative electrode chamber 8003 into the proton chamber 8002 through the positive electrode membrane 803.

[0117] The solid output end of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device 401 is connected to the iodine element concentration tank, and the elemental iodine after solid-liquid separation is input into the iodine element concentration tank.

[0118] The negative electrode chamber 8003 of the energy storage system 100 is cyclically connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the discharge system 200, so that the liquid circulates between the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the energy storage system 100 and the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the discharge system 200.

[0119] In existing two-chamber membrane stack structures, the cation exchange membrane's lifespan falls far short of its expected lifespan, requiring frequent production interruptions for replacement, resulting in a significant drop in capacity and high production costs. To address this issue, this invention creatively discovers that the positive and negative electrode chambers share a single cation exchange membrane. Since the cation exchange membrane allows cations to pass through while blocking anions, theoretically, iodine ions should not migrate from the negative electrode chamber to the positive electrode chamber through the cation exchange membrane. However, in practice, it has been found that when the concentration of iodine ions in the liquid is high, such as when the concentration of iodine ions in the hydroiodic acid in the membrane stack reaches 10% or higher, a small amount of iodine ions (I₂) will be present. - Iodine ions migrate from the negative electrode chamber through the cation membrane to the positive electrode chamber (the higher the concentration, the higher the migration rate of iodine ions). During this migration, some iodine ions enter the cation membrane and reach the side of the membrane closest to the positive electrode chamber. Due to the oxidizing properties of this area caused by the oxidizing properties of the positive electrode chamber, some of the iodine ions that did not have time to pass through the cation membrane are oxidized. The oxidized iodine ions form elemental iodine. Since elemental iodine is an oxidizing solid, its accumulation inside the cation membrane can cause problems such as blistering and bulging, which seriously affects the lifespan of the cation membrane. Furthermore, the iodine ions that pass through the cation membrane into the positive electrode chamber are oxidized to form elemental iodine. Most of the elemental iodine adheres to the surface of the cation membrane, causing a decrease in the conductivity of the cation membrane, affecting production efficiency, and also greatly affecting the lifespan of the cation membrane.

[0120] In other words, this invention discovers and solves the phenomenon and technical problem that the lifespan of the anion membrane in actual production is far from the expected one. Specifically, a small number of anions can enter the interior of the anion membrane and / or penetrate the anion membrane and be oxidized into elemental solids. The accumulation of these elemental solids inside the anion membrane leads to problems such as blistering and bulging, thereby reducing the lifespan of the anion membrane.

[0121] Therefore, the electrostatic precipitator stack 80 of the present invention can solve the technical problem of reduced lifespan of the electrostatic precipitator due to phenomena such as blistering and bulging of the precipitator during the production of raw materials for iodine batteries.

[0122] As described above, when the electrostatic precipitator 80 in the energy storage system 100 exists as a charging membrane stack, the iodine in the negative electrode chamber 8003 is first reduced to iodide ions. A small amount of iodide ions in the negative electrode chamber 8003 may penetrate the cation membrane 805 and enter the proton chamber 8002. The proton chamber 8002 is connected to the deiodide ion removal device 40, so that the liquid in the proton chamber 8002 flows into the deiodide ion removal device 40 for deiodination treatment, thereby removing the iodide ions in the original liquid. The liquid after the iodide ions are removed returns to the proton chamber 8002 to continue the cycle.

[0123] Therefore, by adding a proton chamber 8002 (proton chamber) and a deiodide ion removal device 40 between the positive electrode membrane 803 and the cation membrane 805 in the energy storage system 100, even if iodide ions can pass through the cation membrane 805 and enter the proton chamber 8002, the iodide ion concentration in the proton chamber 8002 is reduced to less than 0.05% through the deiodide ion removal process. Under this concentration condition, no iodide ions will pass through the positive electrode membrane 803 and enter the positive electrode chamber 8001, thereby improving the service life of the cation membrane 805 and ensuring the production efficiency of the battery pack.

[0124] Therefore, it can be seen that during the charging process of the above-mentioned energy storage system 100, by performing deiodination treatment on the liquid in the proton chamber 8002, even if a small amount of iodine ions can penetrate the cation membrane 805 and enter the proton chamber 8002, they will enter the deiodination ion device 40 for deiodination treatment along with the liquid circulation. The deiodinated liquid is then returned to the proton chamber 8002 in the electrode stack 80 for recycling. At this time, the circulating liquid is the liquid from which iodine ions have been removed, thereby preventing the iodine ions in the proton chamber 8002 from transferring to the positive electrode membrane 803 and accumulating thereon, and oxidizing into elemental iodine, which would damage the positive electrode membrane 803. This can greatly improve the service life of the positive electrode membrane 803 and the production efficiency of the electrode stack.

[0125] Similarly, when the electrode membrane stack 80 in the discharge system 200 exists as a discharge membrane stack, a small amount of periodate ions and iodate ions in the positive electrode chamber 8001 may penetrate the cation membrane 805 and enter the proton chamber 8002. The proton chamber 8002 is connected to the deiodide ion removal device 40, so that the liquid in the proton chamber 8002 flows into the deiodide ion removal device 40 for deiodide treatment, thereby removing the periodate ions and iodate ions in the original liquid. The liquid after the iodide ions are removed returns to the proton chamber 8002 to continue the cycle.

[0126] Therefore, by adding a proton chamber 8002 (proton chamber) and a deiodide ion removal device 40 between the positive electrode membrane 803 and the cation membrane 805 in the discharge system 200, even if periodate ions and iodate ions can pass through the cation membrane 805 and enter the proton chamber 8002, the concentration of periodate ions and iodate ions in the proton chamber 8002 is reduced to less than 0.05% through the deiodide ion removal process. Under this concentration condition, periodate ions and iodate ions will not pass through the positive electrode membrane 803 and enter the positive electrode chamber 8001, thereby improving the service life of the cation membrane 805 and ensuring the production efficiency of the electrode membrane stack.

[0127] Furthermore, the electrolyte in the flow storage device of this invention is phosphoric acid, that is, the circulating liquid in the proton chamber 8002 is phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid is used as the electrolyte because when other acids, such as sulfuric acid, are used, the sulfate ions are easily reduced to elemental sulfur after the sulfuric acid passes through the cation exchange membrane into the anode chamber. Elemental sulfur affects the efficiency of the electrode pack. Moreover, during subsequent maintenance, in the purification and concentration process of hydroiodic acid (which requires periodic purification), if elemental sulfur volatilizes into the system, it will affect the evaporation concentration and product purity. Therefore, in this invention, phosphoric acid is used as the electrolyte. Although hydroiodic acid may still pass through the cation exchange membrane into the anode chamber and mix in, the phosphate ions are generally not reduced, thus avoiding the problem of elemental sulfur mixing into the hydroiodic acid. Furthermore, even if phosphate ions might be reduced to phosphorous acid, a certain amount of phosphorous acid is often added during the subsequent hydroiodic acid concentration and purification process to prevent oxidation during the concentration process. Therefore, phosphorous acid will not affect the subsequent hydroiodic acid concentration and purification.

[0128] The raw material for the flow-through energy storage device of the present invention is elemental iodine. Elemental iodine is dissolved in hydroiodic acid (e.g., at a concentration of 20%) to prepare hydrogen triiodide, which is stored in a hydrogen triiodide storage tank. A metering feed pump is connected to the hydrogen triiodide storage tank, and the metering feed pump is connected to the outlet of the hydroiodic acid circulation pump. Hydrogen triiodide is metered and added to the inlet of the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the energy storage system 100 by the metering pump, and enters the electrostatic membrane stack 80 of the energy storage system 100 to undergo a reduction reaction. Hydrogen triiodide is reduced to hydroiodic acid, which is then input into the discharge system 200 for use. The amount of hydrogen triiodide added is controlled by two or more regulating valves, and the amount of hydroiodic acid output to the discharge system 200 is adjusted to be equal to the amount added by the metering pump.

[0129] Since elemental iodine is a high-value raw material, flow batteries can be recycled after they are scrapped, resulting in no loss of economic value or generation of hazardous waste, which is beneficial to social environmental protection. At the same time, the batteries will not explode.

[0130] Example 2

[0131] like Figure 1b , Figure 2c and Figure 2d As shown, in Embodiment 2, the energy storage system 100 includes a periodic acid circulation device 10, a phosphoric acid circulation device 20, a hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, a deiodide ion removal device 40, and an electrostatic membrane stack 80. It can be understood that the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the energy storage system 100 in the form of a charging membrane stack. Therefore, as... Figure 1bAs shown, the electrostatic membrane stack 80 in the energy storage system 100 is electrically connected to the power supply 50 (DC power supply). In this embodiment 2, the structure of the discharge system 200 is the same as that of the energy storage system 100, that is, it also includes a periodic acid circulation device 10, a phosphoric acid circulation device 20, a hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, a deiodide ion removal device 40, and an electrostatic membrane stack 80. It can be understood that the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the form of a discharge membrane stack in the discharge system 200. Therefore, as Figure 2c and Figure 2d As shown, the electric film stack 80 in the discharge system 200 is electrically connected to the load 60.

[0132] This embodiment 2 and Figure 1a The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this Embodiment 2, the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the discharge system 200 is connected to the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the energy storage system 100, the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to its positive electrode chamber 8001, and the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the discharge system 200, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the discharge system 200, the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the energy storage system 100, the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the energy storage system 100, and the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the discharge system 200.

[0133] More specifically, such as Figure 2c and Figure 2d As shown, the outlet of the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the discharge system 200 is connected to the inlet of the periodic acid circulation tank 101 of the energy storage system 100, and the outlet of the periodic acid circulation tank 101 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to the inlet of its positive electrode chamber 8001; therefore, the discharge... The liquid (periodic acid) in the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the system can be input into the periodic acid circulation tank 101 of the energy storage system 100, and then enter the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the energy storage system 100 to react; the liquid (periodic acid) in the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the energy storage system 100 can be input into the periodic acid circulation tank 101 of the discharge system 200, and then enter the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the discharge system 200 to react, thereby forming a circulation system, so that the charging and discharging reactions can be carried out continuously.

[0134] The similarities between this embodiment 2 and the above embodiment 1 will not be repeated.

[0135] Example 3

[0136] like Figure 1c , Figure 2e and Figure 2fAs shown, in Embodiment 3, the energy storage system 100 includes a periodic acid circulation device 10, a phosphoric acid circulation device 20, a hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, a deiodide ionization device 40, and an electrostatic membrane stack 80. It can be understood that the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the energy storage system 100 in the form of a charging membrane stack. Therefore, as... Figure 1c As shown, the electrostatic membrane stack 80 in the energy storage system 100 is electrically connected to the power supply 50 (DC power supply). In this embodiment 3, the structure of the discharge system 200 differs from that of the energy storage system 100 in that the discharge system 200 only includes the periodic acid circulation device 10, the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, and the electrostatic membrane stack 80. It can be understood that the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the discharge system 200 in the form of a discharge membrane stack. Therefore, as... Figure 2e and Figure 2f As shown, the electric film stack 80 in the discharge system 200 is electrically connected to the load 60.

[0137] Therefore, the difference between this embodiment 3 and embodiment 2 is that, in this embodiment 3, the discharge system 200 does not have a separate phosphoric acid circulation device 20 and a deiodination ion device 40, but instead shares the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 and the deiodination ion device 40 of the energy storage system 100. Therefore, the proton chamber 8002 of the discharge system 200 is connected to the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100. Since the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to its deiodination ion device 40, the deiodination treatment described in embodiment 1 can be performed through the deiodination ion device 40 of the energy storage system 100.

[0138] Furthermore, the difference between this embodiment 3 and the above embodiment 2 is that, in this embodiment 3, the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to the proton chamber 8002 of the energy storage system 100 and the proton chamber 8002 of the discharge system 200, respectively. That is, the liquid in the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100 is input into both the proton chamber 8002 of the energy storage system 100 and the proton chamber 8002 of the discharge system 200.

[0139] Furthermore, in this embodiment 3, as Figure 2e As shown, a first regulating valve 203 is installed on the pipeline between the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100 and the proton chamber 8002 of the energy storage system 100, and a second regulating valve 204 is installed on the pipeline between the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100 and the proton chamber 8002 of the discharge system 200. The amount of phosphoric acid input from the phosphoric acid circulation tank 201 to the proton chamber 8002 can be controlled by the first regulating valve 203.

[0140] The similarities between this embodiment 3 and the above embodiment 2 will not be repeated.

[0141] Example 4

[0142] like Figure 1d As shown, in Example 4, the energy storage system 100 includes a periodic acid circulation device 10, a phosphoric acid circulation device 20, a hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, a deiodide ion removal device 40, and an electrostatic membrane stack 80. It can be understood that the electrostatic membrane stack 80 exists in the energy storage system 100 in the form of a charging membrane stack. Therefore, as... Figure 1d As shown, the electrostatic precipitator 80 in the energy storage system 100 is electrically connected to the power supply 50 (DC power supply). In this embodiment 4, the structure of the discharge system 200 differs from that of the energy storage system 100 in that the discharge system 200 only includes the periodic acid circulation device 10 and the electrostatic precipitator 80. It can be understood that the electrostatic precipitator 80 exists in the discharge system 200 in the form of a discharge membrane stack. Therefore, as... Figure 2e and Figure 2f As shown, the electric film stack 80 in the discharge system 200 is electrically connected to the load 60.

[0143] Therefore, the difference between this embodiment 4 and the above embodiment 2 is that, in this embodiment 4, the discharge system 200 does not have a separate phosphoric acid circulation device 20, hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, and deiodide ion device 40, but instead shares the phosphoric acid circulation device 20, hydroiodic acid circulation device 30, and deiodide ion device 40 of the energy storage system 100.

[0144] Specifically, the proton chamber 8002 of the discharge system 200 is connected to the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100, that is, the proton chamber 8002 of the discharge system 200 and the proton chamber 8002 of the energy storage system 100 share a phosphoric acid circulation device 20. Since the phosphoric acid circulation device 20 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to its deiodination ion device 40, the deiodination treatment described in Example 1 can be performed through the deiodination ion device 40 of the energy storage system 100.

[0145] The negative electrode chamber 8003 of the discharge system 200 is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device 30 of the energy storage system 100, that is, the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the discharge system 200 and the negative electrode chamber 8003 of the energy storage system 100 share a hydroiodic acid circulation device 30.

[0146] Similar to Embodiment 2 above, in this Embodiment 4, the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the discharge system 200 is connected to the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the energy storage system 100, the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to its positive electrode chamber 8001, and the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the energy storage system 100 is connected to the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the discharge system 200, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the discharge system 200, the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the energy storage system 100, the positive electrode chamber 8001 of the energy storage system 100, and the periodic acid circulation device 10 of the discharge system 200.

[0147] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A flow-through energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The energy storage system and the discharge system are provided, and the number of the energy storage system and the discharge system is one or more. The energy storage system undergoes an electrochemical reaction to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, and the discharge system undergoes an electrochemical reaction to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. The energy storage system and the discharge system are connected. The products in the energy storage system are input into the discharge system as inputs to the discharge system, and the products in the discharge system are input into the energy storage system as inputs to the energy storage system. In the electrostatic precipitator of the energy storage system: the space between the anode end plate, the anode plate, and the anode membrane defines an anode chamber, in which the electrochemical reaction occurring is an oxidation reaction; the space between the anode membrane and the cation membrane defines a proton chamber, in which the liquid does not participate in the electrochemical reaction of the energy storage system; the space between the cation membrane, the cathode plate, and the cathode end plate defines a cathode chamber, in which the electrochemical reaction occurring is a reduction reaction; Wherein, the concentration of iodide ions permeating from the cathode chamber through the cation membrane in the liquid of the proton chamber of the energy storage system is less than 0.05%; In the electrode film stack of the discharge system: the space between the positive electrode plate, the positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode film defines a positive electrode chamber, and the electrochemical reaction occurring in the positive electrode chamber is an oxidation reaction; the space between the positive electrode film and the cation membrane defines a proton chamber, and the liquid in the proton chamber does not participate in the electrochemical reaction in the discharge system; the space between the cation membrane, the negative electrode plate, and the negative electrode plate defines a negative electrode chamber, and the electrochemical reaction occurring in the negative electrode chamber is a reduction reaction; The concentrations of iodate and periodate ions in the liquid in the proton chamber of the discharge system that permeate from the negative electrode chamber through the cation membrane are both less than 0.05%.

2. The liquid flow energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system and the discharge system further include a periodic acid circulation device, a phosphoric acid circulation device, a hydroiodic acid circulation device, and an iodine removal ion device, respectively. The positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to its periodic acid circulation device to form a circulation system, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber and the periodic acid circulation device. The proton chamber of the energy storage system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device, and the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system is also connected to the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the energy storage system through the phosphoric acid circulation device. The negative electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the negative electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system. The proton chamber of the discharge system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, which is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device. The phosphoric acid circulation device is also connected to the proton chamber of the discharge system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device after deiodination and then enters the proton chamber of the discharge system via the phosphoric acid circulation device.

3. The liquid flow energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system and the discharge system also include a periodic acid circulation device, a hydroiodic acid circulation device and a deiodide ion removal device, respectively. The energy storage system also includes a phosphoric acid circulation device. The positive electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber of the discharge system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system; The proton chamber of the energy storage system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device, and the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system is also connected to the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the energy storage system through the phosphoric acid circulation device. The negative electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the negative electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system. The proton chamber of the discharge system is connected to its deiodination ionization device, which is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device. The phosphoric acid circulation device is also connected to the proton chamber of the discharge system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device after deiodination and then enters the proton chamber of the discharge system via the phosphoric acid circulation device.

4. The liquid flow energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system and the discharge system also include a periodic acid circulation device and a hydroiodic acid circulation device, respectively. The energy storage system also includes a phosphoric acid circulation device and a deiodide ion removal device. The positive electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system is connected to its positive electrode chamber, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber of the discharge system, the periodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system, the positive electrode chamber of the energy storage system, and the periodic acid circulation device of the discharge system; The proton chamber of the energy storage system and the proton chamber of the discharge system are both connected to the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system. The deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system is connected to its phosphoric acid circulation device. The phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system is also connected to the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The liquid in the deiodination ionization device of the energy storage system flows into the phosphoric acid circulation device of the energy storage system after deiodination, and then enters the proton chamber of the energy storage system and the proton chamber of the discharge system via the phosphoric acid circulation device. The negative electrode chamber of the energy storage system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the discharge system, and the negative electrode chamber of the discharge system is connected to the hydroiodic acid circulation device of the energy storage system.

5. The liquid flow energy storage device according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The deiodide ionization device includes: An iodine removal circulation tank, the inlet of which is connected to the proton chamber; A ceramic membrane iodine separation device, wherein the inlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device is connected to the outlet of the iodine removal circulation tank, and the outlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device is connected to the inlet of the phosphoric acid circulation device, the ceramic membrane iodine separation device is used to separate elemental iodine from the liquid, and input the liquid after solid-liquid separation into the phosphoric acid circulation device; and A dosing device is connected to the pipeline between the inlet of the ceramic membrane iodine separation device and the outlet of the deiodination circulation tank. The dosing device is used to add hydrogen peroxide to the ceramic membrane iodine separation device.

6. The liquid flow energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The periodic acid circulation device includes a periodic acid circulation tank and a periodic acid circulation pump. The liquid outlet of the positive electrode chamber is connected to the inlet of the periodic acid circulation tank, and the outlet of the periodic acid circulation tank is connected to the positive electrode chamber through the periodic acid circulation pump, so that the liquid circulates between the positive electrode chamber and the periodic acid circulation device. The phosphoric acid circulation device includes a phosphoric acid circulation tank and a phosphoric acid circulation pump. The outlet of the deiodination device is connected to the liquid inlet of the phosphoric acid circulation tank, and the liquid outlet of the phosphoric acid circulation tank is connected to the proton chamber through the phosphoric acid circulation pump. The phosphoric acid circulation pump transports the liquid in the phosphoric acid circulation tank that does not contain elemental iodine to the proton chamber.

7. The liquid flow energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The phosphoric acid circulation device further includes a first regulating valve, which is installed on the pipeline connecting the phosphoric acid circulation pump and the proton chamber of the energy storage system. The first regulating valve can control the amount of phosphoric acid input from the phosphoric acid circulation tank into the proton chamber.

8. The liquid flow energy storage device according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, In the electrostatic precipitator of the energy storage system The reaction in its positive electrode chamber is: IO3 - -2e + H₂O = IO₄ - +2H + ; The reaction in the negative electrode chamber is: I₂ + 2e⁻ + 2H⁺ + =2HI; In the electrode film stack of the discharge system The reaction in its positive electrode chamber is: IO4 - +2H + +2e=IO3 - +H2O; The reaction in the negative electrode chamber is: 2HI - 2e = I2 + 2H + .

9. The liquid flow energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A proton chamber partition is provided between the positive electrode membrane and the cation membrane. The proton chamber partition has multiple proton chamber partition channels. The liquid in the proton chamber can flow into the deiodination ion device through the multiple proton chamber partition channels respectively. The liquid in the phosphoric acid circulation device can flow into the proton chamber through the proton chamber partition channels.

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