Experimental device for deflagration of flocculent biomass

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion science and biomass energy, and particularly discloses an experimental device suitable for testing the deflagration characteristic of flocculent biomass. The device comprises a lower base, a guide rail, a clamping seat, a baffle, a sliding block, a bolt, an upper top cover, a high-voltage electric spark igniter, a ruler, a pipeline and a high-speed camera. A flocculent biomass sample is placed at the bottom of the pipeline and ignited through the high-pressure electric spark igniter, gas generated in the deflagration process jacks up the baffle, and the baffle rises along the guide rail. And the high-speed camera shoots the bottom of the baffle and the scale and records the displacement and reaction time of the baffle, so that the detonation characteristic parameters of the flocculent biomass are obtained. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can realize visual and quantitative measurement of the flocculent biomass deflagration process, and improves the test precision and the data reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an experimental device suitable for testing the deflagration characteristics of flocculent biomass. Background Art

[0002] The biomass components in municipal waste pose significant fire hazards due to their special physical structures. Among them, slender fiber materials such as waste cotton wadding and poplar catkins are prone to form a combustible-air premixed system during storage and transportation due to their characteristics of being fluffy, porous, and having a large specific surface area. Currently, the existing deflagration characteristic test devices are mainly applicable to dust or gas, and there is no professional test device for the deflagration characteristics of more and more large-particle and flocculent biomass energy. Moreover, problems such as unstable ignition and difficulty in quantifying flame propagation are likely to occur during the test of the existing devices, affecting the test accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a special experimental device that can accurately and stably measure the deflagration characteristics of flocculent biomass. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device suitable for testing the deflagration characteristics of flocculent biomass.

[0004] As Figure 1 shown, the present device mainly includes:

[0005] Lower base (1): Provides support and a stable foundation for the entire device, ensuring that the equipment does not shake or topple during the test process.

[0006] Guide rail (2): Vertically installed on the lower base, used to guide the baffle (4) and the slider (5) to move smoothly along the axis, preventing slippage and skew.

[0007] Clamping seat (3): Installed on the guide rail, mainly used to limit the movement path of the baffle (4), ensuring that the volume below the baffle is 1L.

[0008] Baffle (4): Horizontally placed above the clamping seat, initially covering the flocculent biomass sample. During deflagration, the flame or high-temperature gas impacts the baffle, pushing it upward.

[0009] Slider (5): Connected to the baffle, used to ensure the stability of the baffle during movement, moving vertically along the guide rail to prevent the baffle from tilting or rotating during the rising process.

[0010] Bolt (6): Used to fix the connection between the baffle (4) and the slider (5), ensuring the firmness of the overall structure.

[0011] Upper cover (7): Sealed and installed at the upper end of the pipeline, preventing gas leakage during the test process.

[0012] High-voltage electric spark igniter (8): arranged beside the bottom of the pipeline, capable of generating high-energy sparks to ignite the flocculent biomass sample pre-placed at the bottom of the pipeline, thereby initiating a deflagration reaction.

[0013] Scale (9): fixed vertically along the outside of the pipe, used to record the displacement height of the baffle during its rising process.

[0014] Pipeline (10): provides a closed space for the deflagration reaction and limits the flame and gas to propagate in a single direction, which is beneficial for measurement.

[0015] High-speed camera (11): aimed at the bottom of the baffle and the position of the scale, capable of shooting the dynamic process of the baffle rising at a speed of 100 frames per second.

[0016] During the operation, the flocculent biomass sample is placed in the bottom area of ​​the pipeline, and the sample is ignited by a high-voltage electric spark igniter to cause a deflagration reaction. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the deflagration pushes the baffle up along the guide rail, and the corresponding position change of the baffle is recorded by a high-speed camera. By analyzing the data obtained by the shooting, the baffle displacement-time curve can be drawn, and the parameters such as the flame propagation speed, expansion rate and energy release characteristics of the flocculent biomass during the deflagration process can be further calculated, providing data support for the study of the deflagration behavior of flocculent biomass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the sliding component.

[0019] Description of Figure Number

[0020] 1-lower base, 2-guide rail, 3-cage, 4-baffle, 5-slider, 6-bolt, 7-upper cover, 8-high voltage electric spark igniter, 9-ruler, 10-pipeline, 11-high-speed camera.

[0021] Specific implementation measures

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the experimental device of the present invention is mainly composed of a lower base (1), a guide rail (2), a holder (3), a baffle (4), a slide block (5), a bolt (6), an upper cover (7), a high-voltage electric spark igniter (8), a scale (9), a pipe (10) and a high-speed camera (11).

[0024] The lower base (1) is made of a metal plate structure and serves as the supporting base of the entire device. A mounting hole is machined thereon for firmly fixing the guide rail (2) and the pipe (10). The guide rail (2) is a vertically arranged plain aluminum rod guide rail, which is installed on the base and has good rigidity and guiding accuracy. The guide rail is used to limit the lifting direction of the baffle (4) to ensure that the baffle moves vertically during the deflagration process without obvious deviation or shaking.

[0025] The baffle (4) is fixedly connected to the slider (5) and slides on the guide rail. The contact part between the slider and the guide rail is coated with lubricating oil to reduce friction resistance and ensure that the baffle is lifted smoothly. A limit mechanism is designed in the structure of the holder (3) to fix the baffle at a set starting position in the initial state, ensure that the volume of the reaction chamber below is a fixed value, and prevent the baffle from moving before loading or ignition.

[0026] The pipe (10) is a vertically arranged cylindrical cavity, in which the flocculent biomass fuel sample to be tested is placed, and the sample is usually dry cotton wool, plant cellulose flocculent, etc. The pipe material is transparent glass or polycarbonate, which is convenient for observing the internal combustion process; the pipe wall needs to have a certain heat resistance and compressive strength to ensure that the explosion does not damage the structure.

[0027] An upper cover (7) is provided on the top of the pipeline, which is detachably sealed and connected to the pipeline. The sealing design of the upper cover prevents gas leakage during deflagration, and facilitates sample replacement and cleaning of the test space. The igniter (8) is a high-voltage electric spark type, installed on the lower side wall of the pipeline, and keeps a suitable distance (10 to 20 mm) from the sample tray. After power is turned on, a high-temperature electric spark is generated to quickly ignite the flocculent sample.

[0028] When deflagration occurs, the flocculent biomass burns rapidly, releasing a large amount of gas and heat, forming an instantaneous high-pressure airflow, which pushes the baffle (4) upward along the pipeline, and the baffle rises along the guide rail and is lifted to a certain height. At the same time, the scale (9) set on the outside of the pipeline has a scale accuracy of 1mm, which is used to measure the actual displacement of the baffle being lifted. A high-speed camera (11) is fixed on the bracket, aimed at the contact point between the scale and the baffle, and continuously shoots at a frame rate of not less than 100 frames / second to record the time point of the deflagration and the entire process of the baffle movement.

[0029] The video data can be processed and used to analyze the following parameters: ① the start time of flame propagation; ② the lifting speed and acceleration of the baffle; ③ the maximum displacement height; ④ the reaction duration, etc., so as to achieve quantitative characterization of key parameters such as the combustion intensity, deflagration tendency, and gas release rate of flocculent biomass.

[0030] In addition, in order to improve test safety and data stability, the lower base is equipped with rubber shock-absorbing pads. The entire device can be arranged in a closed and ventilated laboratory cabinet, and cooperate with flame sensors and temperature monitoring equipment to form a safe and reliable test system.

[0031] The structure of this device is reasonably designed, and the installation and operation are simple. It can effectively simulate the deflagration characteristics of flocculent biomass in a confined space, and at the same time has high repeatability and visualization analysis capabilities. Compared with traditional deflagration test devices, the present invention has obvious advantages in terms of test accuracy, experimental safety, and operation convenience.

[0032] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any equivalent deformation and replacement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device suitable for testing the deflagration characteristics of flocculent biomass, characterized in that: include: The lower base (1) is a planar support structure and is provided with mounting holes for fixing the guide rail (2) and the pipe (10); A guide rail (2) is vertically arranged on the lower base (1) and connected to the lower base (1), and is used to guide the baffle (4) to move in a vertical direction; A clamping seat (3) is arranged on the guide rail (2) and is used to install the baffle (4) and to limit the initial position of the baffle (4) by clamping; The baffle (4) is a flat plate structure, arranged horizontally, and can rise along the guide rail (2) under the action of the gas pressure generated by the deflagration; the slider (5) is connected between the baffle (4) and the guide rail (2) and is used to reduce the friction force when the baffle (4) moves, thereby ensuring smooth movement; Bolts (6) are used to fasten the slider (5) to the top of the baffle (4) to achieve a fastened connection; The upper cover (7) is a detachable structure, which is convenient for sample filling and equipment maintenance; A high-voltage electric spark igniter (8) is fixed to the side wall of the lower part of the pipe (10) and ignites the flocculent biomass sample placed at the bottom of the pipe (10) through a high-voltage electric spark; A scale (9) is arranged outside the pipe (10) and extends along the guide rail (2) to measure the displacement height of the baffle (4) when it is raised; The pipe (10) is a hollow cylindrical structure and is used to form a combustion reaction space, and can accommodate flocculent biomass samples inside; the high-speed camera (11) is aimed at the bottom of the baffle (4) and the scale (9) and is used to continuously shoot the rising position and time changes of the baffle during the deflagration process.

2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (2) should be placed at the axis of the entire pipeline, and is made of a polished aluminum rod with a polished surface to reduce friction and improve corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The slider (5) has a bearing inside and is coated with lubricating oil to reduce movement resistance and improve wear resistance.

3. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage electric spark igniter (8) is an adjustable voltage igniter, and the ignition voltage range is 5kV to 30kV to meet the ignition requirements of samples with different burning points. The distance between the ignition needle of the high-voltage electric spark igniter (8) and the biomass sample is 10mm to 20mm to achieve the best ignition effect.

4. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed camera (11) is fixedly connected to the base via a bracket, and the bracket has the function of adjusting the height and angle to meet the shooting requirements under different test conditions.

5. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe (10) is made of transparent glass or transparent high-temperature resistant polycarbonate material with a temperature resistance range of -20°C to 250°C, so as to observe internal combustion and airflow changes.

6. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the lower base (1) is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing pads to reduce the influence of vibrations generated by deflagration on the stability of the device during the experiment.

7. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial position height of the baffle (4) is adjustable, and the test requirements of different initial sample loading amounts can be adapted by adjusting the installation height of the card holder (3).

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