Long-service-life lead core rubber support for building shock insulation and application of long-service-life lead core rubber support

Abstract

The invention relates to a building shock insulation lead core rubber support and application, in particular to a long-service-life lead core rubber support for building shock insulation and application. The problem that the shock insulation capacity is reduced due to the fact that an existing lead core rubber support is poor in heat dissipation capacity is solved. The BN reinforced copper composite material is prepared on the surface of the basic steel plate, so that the heat conductivity of the composite steel plate layer is remarkably improved; meanwhile, the composite lead core prepared from the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material has excellent thermal conductivity, high temperature of the rubber layer and the lead core is avoided, it is guaranteed that the composite steel plate layer and the rubber layer always have the capacity of consuming seismic energy through plastic deformation, the service life of the lead core rubber support is prolonged, and the seismic isolation capacity of the lead core rubber support is improved; and the overall safety and reliability are further improved. According to the building shock insulation layer structure, two shock insulation supports are arranged in each building concrete column, meanwhile, the adjacent building concrete columns are tied to connect the building concrete columns into a whole, damage or failure caused by overweight local loads is avoided, and the overall safety and reliability of a building are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a building isolation lead - core rubber bearing and its application. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the construction industry, the scale and quantity of buildings are constantly expanding, and the need for building safety is also increasing day by day. Coupled with the huge damage caused by multiple large - scale earthquakes to buildings, the issues of building isolation and shock absorption have gradually attracted wide attention, and have also posed great challenges to the design requirements of the construction industry for isolation and shock absorption. Therefore, construction enterprises are required to improve and optimize the isolation and shock - absorption structures of buildings, and innovate the application measures of building isolation and shock absorption, so as to enhance the comprehensive performance of building isolation and shock absorption, improve the earthquake - resistant ability of buildings, and protect people's lives and property. Such as important public buildings and lifeline projects like hospitals, schools, museums, nuclear power plants, etc. These buildings need to quickly resume their functions after an earthquake to provide support for rescue and post - earthquake reconstruction. The isolation technology can effectively protect the structures and internal facilities of these buildings, ensuring their safety and reliability during earthquakes. The isolation technology is achieved by setting an isolation layer between the foundation and the superstructure of a building. The isolation layer can extend the natural vibration period of the structure, avoid the dominant period of the earthquake, and thus reduce the transfer of seismic energy to the superstructure. An isolation bearing is set in the isolation layer to provide flexible support, enabling the building to slide horizontally relative to the ground under the action of an earthquake.

[0003] The common isolation bearing is a lead - core rubber bearing. In the lead - core rubber bearing, rubber layers and steel - plate layers are alternately laminated to form an integral structure, which has both vertical load - bearing capacity and horizontal deformation capacity. The rubber layer absorbs seismic energy through elastic deformation, and at the same time, a high - damping material converts the energy into heat energy, extends the natural vibration period of the structure, avoids the main frequency band of seismic waves, and prevents resonance with seismic waves, reducing the seismic response. The rubber also provides an elastic resetting ability for the entire lead - core rubber bearing. A lead core is embedded in the center of the rubber layer and the steel - plate layer. The lead core has plastic deformation ability. The lead core consumes seismic energy through plastic deformation and can also return to its initial shape under the resetting action of the rubber layer. However, in the existing lead - core rubber bearings, due to the use of a rubber protective layer to cover the rubber layer and the steel - plate layer, and the relatively low thermal conductivity of the steel - plate layer, the heat dissipation performance of the overall lead - core rubber bearing is poor. After absorbing seismic energy, the heat energy converted from seismic energy cannot be dissipated in time, causing the rubber layer and the lead core to always remain in a high - temperature state. At this time, the rubber layer and the lead core soften, the fluidity increases, and the ability to consume seismic energy through plastic deformation becomes poor during continuous earthquakes, or the service life of the lead - core rubber bearing is reduced, the isolation ability of the isolation bearing is decreased, and the overall safety and reliability of the building are reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the heat dissipation capacity of the existing lead - core rubber bearing is poor, resulting in a reduction in the seismic isolation capacity, the present invention proposes a high - life lead - core rubber bearing for building seismic isolation and its application.

[0005] The high - life lead - core rubber bearing for building seismic isolation of the present invention is composed of a composite lead core (1), an upper connecting steel plate (2), an upper sealing plate (3), a plurality of rubber layers (4), a plurality of composite steel plate layers (5), a rubber protective layer (6), a lower sealing plate (7), a lower connecting steel plate (8) and a plurality of bolts (9); a plurality of rubber layers (4) and a plurality of composite steel plate layers (5) are alternately laminated to form a cylindrical seismic isolation foundation unit; an upper sealing plate (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the seismic isolation foundation unit, a lower sealing plate (7) is arranged on the lower surface of the seismic isolation foundation unit, the rubber protective layer (6) covers the circumferential surfaces of the seismic isolation foundation unit, the upper sealing plate (3) and the lower sealing plate (7), and the rubber protective layer (6) is a porous rubber layer; an upper connecting steel plate (2) is arranged above the upper sealing plate (3), a lower connecting steel plate (8) is arranged below the lower sealing plate (7), and the upper connecting steel plate (2), the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation foundation unit, the lower sealing plate (7) and the lower connecting steel plate (8) are connected by a plurality of bolts (9); a vertical circular hole is arranged at the centers of the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation foundation unit and the lower sealing plate (7), and a cylindrical composite lead core (1) is arranged in the circular hole.

[0006] The composite lead core (1) is a lead - based high - thermal - conductivity composite material; the preparation method of the lead - based high - thermal - conductivity composite material is as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Weigh 45% - 60% by volume of flake graphite powder with an average particle size of 400 - 500 μm and the balance of 6061 aluminum alloy; the surface of the flake graphite powder has a Ti coating with a thickness of 100 - 500 nm, and the Ti coating on the surface of the flake graphite powder is prepared by magnetron sputtering; place the flake graphite powder in a mold, place 6061 aluminum alloy on the flake graphite powder, then transfer the mold to the interior of the vacuum infiltration furnace cavity, evacuate the furnace, heat the furnace to 300 - 350 °C at a rate of 20 - 30 °C / min and keep it warm for 1 - 2 h; then heat the furnace to 800 - 820 °C and keep it warm for 0.5 - 2 h, then introduce nitrogen with a pressure of 5 - 10 MPa into the furnace and keep the pressure for 0.5 - 1 h for infiltration, cool after infiltration, and finally demold to obtain reinforced body particles.

[0008] Step 2: Prepare a Pb coating with a thickness of 400 - 500 nm on the surface of the reinforcement particles by magnetron sputtering. Then mix the reinforcement particles and pure Pb and place them in a mold. Transfer the mold to the interior of the vacuum infiltration furnace cavity, evacuate the furnace, heat the furnace to 200 - 230 °C at a rate of 20 - 30 °C / min and hold for 1 - 2 h; subsequently, heat the furnace to 500 - 520 °C and hold for 0.5 - 2 h, then introduce nitrogen into the furnace at 5 - 10 MPa and maintain the pressure for 0.5 - 1 h for infiltration. After infiltration, cool it, and finally demold to obtain a lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material; the volume fraction of the reinforcement particles in the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material is 40% - 55%;

[0009] The preparation method of the composite steel plate layer (5) is as follows: Corrode one surface of the base steel plate with sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 70%. When corroding, coat the sulfuric acid on the surface of the base steel plate, and the corrosion time is 10 - 25 min; then place the base steel plate in a mold with the corroded surface facing up, lay a mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating on the base steel plate, and the laying thickness is 1 - 2.5 cm; then place copper-chromium alloy on the mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating, and then transfer the mold to the interior of the vacuum infiltration furnace cavity, evacuate the furnace, heat the furnace to 700 - 850 °C at a rate of 20 - 30 °C / min and hold for 1 - 2 h; subsequently, heat the furnace to 1100 - 1220 °C and hold for 0.5 - 2 h, then introduce nitrogen into the furnace at 5 - 10 MPa and maintain the pressure for 0.5 - 1 h for infiltration. After infiltration, cool it, and prepare a BN-reinforced copper composite material on the surface of the base steel plate, and finally demold;

[0010] In the composite steel plate layer (5) of the present invention, a BN-reinforced copper composite material with a thickness of 1 - 2.5 cm is prepared on the surface of the base steel plate, which significantly improves the thermal conductivity of the composite steel plate layer (5); at the same time, a composite lead core (1) is prepared by using a lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material. The addition of flake graphite powder significantly improves the thermal conductivity of 6061 aluminum alloy, making the reinforcement particles composed of flake graphite powder and 6061 aluminum alloy have excellent thermal conductivity. The lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material composed of the reinforcement particles with a Pb coating and Pb has significantly improved thermal conductivity. At the same time, the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material still maintains good plastic deformation ability. Therefore, the heat generated after the composite lead core (1) prepared by using the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material absorbs seismic energy can be timely dissipated to the outside of the composite lead core (1) and transferred to the outside through the composite steel plate layer (5). The rubber protective layer (6) is porous, which is conducive to heat dissipation, avoids high temperature of the rubber layer and the lead core, ensures that the composite steel plate layer (5) and the rubber layer (4) always have the ability to consume seismic energy through plastic deformation, improves the service life and seismic isolation ability of the lead core rubber bearing, and further improves the overall safety and reliability.

[0011] The high-service-life lead core rubber bearing for building seismic isolation of the present invention is used for assembling the building seismic isolation layer structure; the building seismic isolation layer structure is composed of a plurality of building concrete columns, a first lead core rubber bearing (10), a second lead core rubber bearing (11), a first stay cable (15) and a second stay cable (16); each of the building concrete columns is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13) and a lower concrete column (14); the first lead core rubber bearing (10) is arranged between the upper concrete column (12) and the middle concrete column (13), and the second lead core rubber bearing (11) is arranged between the middle concrete column (13) and the lower concrete column (14); the first lead core rubber bearings (10) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset, and the second lead core rubber bearings (11) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset; the upper part of the first lead core rubber bearing (10) in the same building concrete column is connected to the lower part of the second lead core rubber bearing (11) in the adjacent building concrete column through the first stay cable (15), and the lower part of the second lead core rubber bearing (11) in the same building concrete column is connected to the upper part of the first lead core rubber bearing (10) in the adjacent building concrete column through the second stay cable (16); the upper surface of the first lead core rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper concrete column (12), and the lower surface of the first lead core rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the middle concrete column (13); the upper surface of the second lead core rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the middle concrete column (13), and the lower surface of the second lead core rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower concrete column (14); the first stay cable (15) and the second stay cable (16) are steel cables; both ends of the first stay cable (15) are hinged to the first lead core rubber bearing (10) and the second lead core rubber bearing (11); both ends of the second stay cable (16) are hinged to the first lead core rubber bearing (10) and the second lead core rubber bearing (11).

[0012] In the building isolation layer structure of the present invention, each building concrete column is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13), and a lower concrete column (14), and two isolation bearings are arranged in each building concrete column, which improves the blocking and loss of seismic energy in the vertical direction; when continuous vibration occurs, the two isolation bearings share the displacement deformation and the loss of seismic energy together, so that the recovery time is shortened and it can be restored to the initial position to continue to play the vibration isolation role in continuous vibration. At the same time, the first lead core rubber bearing (10) and the second lead core rubber bearing (11) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset, and the adjacent building concrete columns are tied together through the first stay cable (15) and the second stay cable (16), connecting the building concrete columns into a whole. When vibration occurs, the synchronization of the building concrete columns, the first lead core rubber bearing (10), and the second lead core rubber bearing (11) is improved, avoiding damage or failure caused by excessive local load, and improving the overall safety and reliability of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-life lead core rubber bearing for building isolation in Embodiment 1;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-life lead core rubber bearing for building isolation in Embodiment 1;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an isolation layer arranged in an existing building;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic distribution diagram of isolation bearings in the isolation layer arranged in the building of Embodiment 1;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the isolation layer arranged in the building of Embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments listed, and also includes any reasonable combination between the specific embodiments.

[0019] **Specific Embodiment 1**: This embodiment discloses a high - life lead - core rubber bearing for building seismic isolation, which is composed of a composite lead core (1), an upper connecting steel plate (2), an upper sealing plate (3), a plurality of rubber layers (4), a plurality of composite steel plate layers (5), a rubber protective layer (6), a lower sealing plate (7), a lower connecting steel plate (8) and a plurality of bolts (9); a plurality of rubber layers (4) and a plurality of composite steel plate layers (5) are alternately laminated to form a cylindrical seismic isolation foundation unit; an upper sealing plate (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the seismic isolation foundation unit, a lower sealing plate (7) is arranged on the lower surface of the seismic isolation foundation unit, and the rubber protective layer (6) covers the circumferential surfaces of the seismic isolation foundation unit, the upper sealing plate (3) and the lower sealing plate (7), and the rubber protective layer (6) is a porous rubber layer; an upper connecting steel plate (2) is arranged above the upper sealing plate (3), a lower connecting steel plate (8) is arranged below the lower sealing plate (7), and the upper connecting steel plate (2), the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation foundation unit, the lower sealing plate (7) and the lower connecting steel plate (8) are connected by a plurality of bolts (9); a vertical circular hole is arranged at the centers of the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation foundation unit and the lower sealing plate (7), and a cylindrical composite lead core (1) is arranged in the circular hole.

[0020] The composite lead core (1) is a lead - based high - thermal - conductivity composite material; the preparation method of the lead - based high - thermal - conductivity composite material is as follows:

[0021] **Step 1**: Weigh 45% - 60% of flake graphite powder with an average particle size of 400 - 500μm and the remaining 6061 aluminum alloy by volume fraction; the surface of the flake graphite powder has a Ti coating with a thickness of 100 - 500nm, and the Ti coating on the surface of the flake graphite powder is prepared by magnetron sputtering; place the flake graphite powder in a mold, put 6061 aluminum alloy on the flake graphite powder, then transfer the mold to the inner cavity of a vacuum infiltration furnace, evacuate the furnace, heat the furnace to 300 - 350°C at a rate of 20 - 30°C / min and keep it warm for 1 - 2h; then heat the furnace to 800 - 820°C and keep it warm for 0.5 - 2h, then introduce nitrogen into the furnace at 5 - 10MPa and keep the pressure for 0.5 - 1h for infiltration, cool after infiltration, and finally demold to obtain reinforced body particles.

[0022] **Step 2**: Prepare a Pb coating with a thickness of 400 - 500nm on the surface of the reinforced body particles by magnetron sputtering, then mix the reinforced body particles and pure Pb and place them in a mold, transfer the mold to the inner cavity of a vacuum infiltration furnace, evacuate the furnace, heat the furnace to 200 - 230°C at a rate of 20 - 30°C / min and keep it warm for 1 - 2h; then heat the furnace to 500 - 520°C and keep it warm for 0.5 - 2h, then introduce nitrogen into the furnace at 5 - 10MPa and keep the pressure for 0.5 - 1h for infiltration, cool after infiltration, and finally demold to obtain the lead - based high - thermal - conductivity composite material; the volume fraction of the reinforced body particles in the lead - based high - thermal - conductivity composite material is 40% - 55%.

[0023] The preparation method of the composite steel plate layer (5) is as follows: Corrode one surface of the base steel plate with sulfuric acid having a mass fraction of 70%. When corroding, coat the sulfuric acid on the surface of the base steel plate, and the corrosion time is 10 - 25 min. Then place the base steel plate in a mold with the corroded surface facing up, lay a mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating on the base steel plate, and the laying thickness is 1 - 2.5 cm. Then place a copper-chromium alloy on the mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating, and then transfer the mold to the interior of a vacuum infiltration furnace. Evacuate the furnace, heat the furnace to 700 - 850 °C at a rate of 20 - 30 °C / min and hold for 1 - 2 h. Subsequently, heat the furnace to 1100 - 1220 °C and hold for 0.5 - 2 h, then introduce nitrogen with a pressure of 5 - 10 MPa into the furnace and keep the pressure for 0.5 - 1 h for infiltration. After infiltration, cool it, and prepare a BN-reinforced copper composite material on the surface of the base steel plate, and finally demold it;

[0024] In the composite steel plate layer (5) of this embodiment, a BN-reinforced copper composite material with a thickness of 1 - 2.5 cm is prepared on the surface of the base steel plate, which significantly improves the thermal conductivity of the composite steel plate layer (5). At the same time, a lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material is used to prepare the composite lead core (1). The addition of flake graphite powder significantly improves the thermal conductivity of 6061 aluminum alloy, making the reinforcing particle composed of flake graphite powder and 6061 aluminum alloy have excellent thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material composed of the reinforcing particle with a Pb coating and Pb is significantly improved. At the same time, the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material still maintains good plastic deformation ability. Therefore, when the composite lead core (1) prepared with the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material absorbs seismic energy, the generated heat can be timely dissipated to the outside of the composite lead core (1) and transferred to the outside through the composite steel plate layer (5). The rubber protective layer (6) is porous, which is conducive to heat dissipation, avoiding high temperature of the rubber layer and the lead core, ensuring that the composite steel plate layer (5) and the rubber layer (4) always have the ability to consume seismic energy through plastic deformation, improving the service life and seismic isolation ability of the lead rubber bearing, and further improving the overall safety and reliability.

[0025] Specific Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Specific Embodiment 1 is that the chromium content in the copper-chromium alloy is 2.0 wt.%.

[0026] Specific Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Specific Embodiment 1 or 2 is that the material of the base steel plate is 1Cr18Ni9.

[0027] Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 3 is that in the mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating, the volume ratio of BN particles to flake graphite is 1:1, the particle size of the BN particles is 0.5 - 1 mm, and the particle size of the flake graphite is 100 - 200 μm.

[0028] Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 4 is that the rubber protective layer (6), rubber layer (4), upper sealing plate (3) and lower sealing plate (7) are made of butadiene-styrene rubber.

[0029] Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 5 is that bolt holes are provided in the upper sealing plate (3), seismic isolation foundation unit, and lower sealing plate (7), and bolts (9) are arranged in the bolt holes; the diameter of the bolt holes is 2 - 3 times the diameter of the screw of the bolt (9).

[0030] Embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is that the diameter of the composite lead core (1) is 10 - 30 cm; the thickness of the rubber layer (4) is 2 - 3 cm, and the thickness of the composite steel plate layer (5) is 4 - 5 cm.

[0031] Embodiment VIII: The high-service-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation is used for assembling the building seismic isolation layer structure; the building seismic isolation layer structure is composed of a plurality of building concrete columns, a first lead rubber bearing (10), a second lead rubber bearing (11), a first stay cable (15) and a second stay cable (16); each building concrete column is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13) and a lower concrete column (14); the first lead rubber bearing (10) is arranged between the upper concrete column (12) and the middle concrete column (13), and the second lead rubber bearing (11) is arranged between the middle concrete column (13) and the lower concrete column (14); the first lead rubber bearings (10) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset, and the second lead rubber bearings (11) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset; the upper part of the first lead rubber bearing (10) in the same building concrete column is connected to the lower part of the second lead rubber bearing (11) in the adjacent building concrete column through the first stay cable (15), and the lower part of the second lead rubber bearing (11) in the same building concrete column is connected to the upper part of the first lead rubber bearing (10) in the adjacent building concrete column through the second stay cable (16); the upper surface of the first lead rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper concrete column (12), and the lower surface of the first lead rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the middle concrete column (13); the upper surface of the second lead rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the middle concrete column (13), and the lower surface of the second lead rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower concrete column (14); the first stay cable (15) and the second stay cable (16) are steel cables; both ends of the first stay cable (15) are hinged to the first lead rubber bearing (10) and the second lead rubber bearing (11); both ends of the second stay cable (16) are hinged to the first lead rubber bearing (10) and the second lead rubber bearing (11).

[0032] In the building isolation layer structure of this embodiment, each building concrete column is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13), and a lower concrete column (14), and two isolation bearings are arranged in each building concrete column, which improves the blocking and loss of seismic energy in the vertical direction; when continuous vibration occurs, the two isolation bearings share the displacement deformation and the loss of seismic energy together, shortening the recovery time and achieving recovery to the initial position, so as to continue to play the vibration isolation role in continuous vibration. At the same time, the first lead rubber bearing (10) and the second lead rubber bearing (11) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset, and the adjacent building concrete columns are tied together through the first stay cable (15) and the second stay cable (16), connecting the building concrete columns into a whole. When vibration occurs, the synchronization of the building concrete columns, the first lead rubber bearing (10), and the second lead rubber bearing (11) is improved, avoiding damage or failure caused by excessive local load, and improving the overall safety and reliability of the building.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Combined with Figures 1 to 5 To illustrate this embodiment, the high-life lead rubber bearing for building isolation in this embodiment is composed of a composite lead core (1), an upper connecting steel plate (2), an upper sealing plate (3), a plurality of rubber layers (4), a plurality of composite steel plate layers (5), a rubber protective layer (6), a lower sealing plate (7), a lower connecting steel plate (8), and a plurality of bolts (9); the plurality of rubber layers (4) and the plurality of composite steel plate layers (5) are alternately laminated to form a cylindrical isolation foundation unit; an upper sealing plate (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the isolation foundation unit, a lower sealing plate (7) is arranged on the lower surface of the isolation foundation unit, and the rubber protective layer (6) covers the circumferential surfaces of the isolation foundation unit, the upper sealing plate (3), and the lower sealing plate (7), and the rubber protective layer (6) is a porous rubber layer; an upper connecting steel plate (2) is arranged above the upper sealing plate (3), a lower connecting steel plate (8) is arranged below the lower sealing plate (7), and the upper connecting steel plate (2), the upper sealing plate (3), the isolation foundation unit, the lower sealing plate (7), and the lower connecting steel plate (8) are connected by a plurality of bolts (9); a vertical circular hole is arranged at the centers of the upper sealing plate (3), the isolation foundation unit, and the lower sealing plate (7), and a cylindrical composite lead core (1) is arranged in the circular hole;

[0035] The composite lead core (1) is a lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material; the preparation method of the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material is:

[0036] Step 1: Weigh 50% by volume of flake graphite powder with an average particle size of 400 - 500 μm and the remaining 6061 aluminum alloy; the surface of the flake graphite powder has a Ti coating with a thickness of 400 nm, and the Ti coating on the surface of the flake graphite powder is prepared by magnetron sputtering; place the flake graphite powder in a mold, place the 6061 aluminum alloy on the flake graphite powder, then transfer the mold to the interior of a vacuum infiltration furnace chamber, evacuate the furnace, and heat the furnace to 350 °C at a rate of 15 °C / min and hold for 2 h; subsequently, heat the furnace to 820 °C and hold for 1 h, then introduce nitrogen at 8 MPa into the furnace and hold the pressure for 1 h for infiltration, cool after infiltration, and finally demold to obtain reinforcing particles;

[0037] Step 2: Prepare a Pb coating with a thickness of 500 nm on the surface of the reinforcing particles by magnetron sputtering, then mix the reinforcing particles and pure Pb and place them in a mold, transfer the mold to the interior of a vacuum infiltration furnace chamber, evacuate the furnace, and heat the furnace to 230 °C at a rate of 30 °C / min and hold for 1 h; subsequently, heat the furnace to 500 °C and hold for 0.5 h, then introduce nitrogen at 10 MPa into the furnace and hold the pressure for 1 h for infiltration, cool after infiltration, and finally demold to obtain a lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material; the volume fraction of the reinforcing particles in the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material is 40%;

[0038] The preparation method of the composite steel plate layer (5) is as follows: Corrode one surface of the base steel plate with sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 70%, coat the sulfuric acid on the surface of the base steel plate during corrosion, and the corrosion time is 25 min; then place the base steel plate in a mold with the corroded surface facing up, lay a mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating on the base steel plate, and the laying thickness is 2.5 cm; then place copper-chromium alloy on the mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating, then transfer the mold to the interior of a vacuum infiltration furnace chamber, evacuate the furnace, and heat the furnace to 850 °C at a rate of 30 °C / min and hold for 1.5 h; subsequently, heat the furnace to 1200 °C and hold for 2 h, then introduce nitrogen at 10 MPa into the furnace and hold the pressure for 1 h for infiltration, cool after infiltration, prepare a BN-reinforced copper composite material on the surface of the base steel plate, and finally demold;

[0039] The chromium content in the copper-chromium alloy is 2.0 wt.%;

[0040] The material of the base steel plate is 1Cr18Ni9;

[0041] In the mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating, the volume ratio of BN particles to flake graphite is 1:1, the particle size of BN particles is 0.5 - 1 mm, and the particle size of flake graphite is 100 - 200 μm;

[0042] The rubber protective layer (6), rubber layer (4), upper sealing plate (3) and lower sealing plate (7) are made of butadiene-styrene rubber;

[0043] The upper sealing plate (3), seismic isolation foundation unit and lower sealing plate (7) are provided with bolt holes, and bolts (9) are arranged in the bolt holes; the diameter of the bolt holes is 3 times the diameter of the screw of the bolt (9); the diameter of the bolt holes is larger than the diameter of the screw of the bolt (9), so that the rubber layer (4) and the composite steel plate layer (5) in the seismic isolation foundation unit have a space for radial sliding;

[0044] The diameter of the composite lead core (1) is 20 cm; the thickness of the rubber layer (4) is 2.5 cm, and the thickness of the composite steel plate layer (5) is 4.5 cm;

[0045] In this embodiment, a BN-reinforced copper composite material with a thickness of 2.5 cm is prepared on the surface of the base steel plate in the composite steel plate layer (5), so that the thermal conductivity of the composite steel plate layer (5) is significantly improved; at the same time, a lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material is used to prepare the composite lead core (1), and the addition of flake graphite powder therein significantly improves the thermal conductivity of 6061 aluminum alloy, and the thermal conductivity reaches 550 W / mK, so that the reinforcing body particles composed of flake graphite powder and 6061 aluminum alloy have excellent thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity of the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material composed of the reinforcing body particles with a Pb coating and Pb composite is significantly improved. At the same time, the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material still maintains good plastic deformation ability. Therefore, the heat generated after the composite lead core (1) prepared by the lead-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material absorbs seismic energy can be timely dissipated to the outside of the composite lead core (1) and transferred to the outside through the composite steel plate layer (5). The rubber protective layer (6) is porous, which is beneficial to heat dissipation, avoids high temperature of the rubber layer and the lead core, ensures that the composite steel plate layer (5) and the rubber layer (4) always have the ability to consume seismic energy through plastic deformation, improves the service life and seismic isolation ability of the lead rubber bearing, and further improves the overall safety and reliability.

[0046] The high-life lead-core rubber bearing for building seismic isolation in this embodiment is used to assemble the building seismic isolation layer structure; the building seismic isolation layer structure is composed of multiple building concrete columns, a first lead-core rubber bearing (10), a second lead-core rubber bearing (11), a first stay cable (15) and a second stay cable (16); each of the building concrete columns is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13) and a lower concrete column (14); the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) is arranged between the upper concrete column (12) and the middle concrete column (13), and the second lead-core rubber bearing (11) is arranged between the middle concrete column (13) and the lower concrete column (14); the first lead-core rubber bearings (10) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset, and the second lead-core rubber bearings (11) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset; the upper part of the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) in the same building concrete column is connected to the lower part of the second lead-core rubber bearing (11) in the adjacent building concrete column through the first stay cable (15), and the lower part of the second lead-core rubber bearing (11) in the same building concrete column is connected to the upper part of the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) in the adjacent building concrete column through the second stay cable (16); the upper surface of the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper concrete column (12), and the lower surface of the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the middle concrete column (13); the upper surface of the second lead-core rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the middle concrete column (13), and the lower surface of the second lead-core rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower concrete column (14); the first stay cable (15) and the second stay cable (16) are steel cables; both ends of the first stay cable (15) are hinged to the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) and the second lead-core rubber bearing (11); both ends of the second stay cable (16) are hinged to the first lead-core rubber bearing (10) and the second lead-core rubber bearing (11).

[0047] In the building isolation layer structure of this embodiment, each building concrete column is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13), and a lower concrete column (14), and two isolation bearings are arranged in each building concrete column, which improves the blocking and loss of seismic energy in the vertical direction; when continuous vibration occurs, the two isolation bearings share the displacement deformation and the loss of seismic energy together, shortening the recovery time and enabling the structure to return to the initial position so as to continue to play the vibration isolation role during continuous vibration. At the same time, the first lead rubber bearing (10) and the second lead rubber bearing (11) in adjacent building concrete columns are arranged with a height offset, and the adjacent building concrete columns are tied together through the first stay cable (15) and the second stay cable (16), connecting the building concrete columns into a whole. When vibration occurs, the synchronism of the building concrete columns, the first lead rubber bearing (10), and the second lead rubber bearing (11) is improved, avoiding damage or failure caused by overloading of local loads, and improving the overall safety and reliability of the building.

Claims

1. A long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation, characterized in that: The high-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation comprises a composite lead core (1), an upper connecting steel plate (2), an upper sealing plate (3), a plurality of rubber layers (4), a plurality of composite steel plate layers (5), a rubber protective layer (6), a lower sealing plate (7), a lower connecting steel plate (8) and a plurality of bolts (9); the plurality of rubber layers (4) and the plurality of composite steel plate layers (5) are alternately stacked to form a cylindrical seismic isolation base unit; the upper surface of the seismic isolation base unit is provided with an upper sealing plate (3), the lower surface of the seismic isolation base unit is provided with a lower sealing plate (7), and the rubber protective layer (6) is coated on the isolation base unit. The rubber protective layer (6) is a porous rubber layer on the circumferential surface of the seismic base unit, the upper sealing plate (3) and the lower sealing plate (7); an upper connecting steel plate (2) is arranged on the upper part of the upper sealing plate (3), and a lower connecting steel plate (8) is arranged on the lower part of the lower sealing plate (7); the upper connecting steel plate (2), the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation base unit, the lower sealing plate (7) and the lower connecting steel plate (8) are connected by a plurality of bolts (9); a vertical circular hole is arranged at the center of the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation base unit and the lower sealing plate (7), and a cylindrical composite lead core (1) is arranged in the circular hole; The composite lead core (1) is a lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material; the preparation method of the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material is as follows: Step 1, weighing 45% to 60% of flake graphite powder with an average particle size of 400 to 500 μm and the remainder of 6061 aluminum alloy by volume fraction; the surface of the flake graphite powder has a Ti coating, the thickness of the Ti coating is 100 to 500 nm, and the Ti coating on the surface of the flake graphite powder is prepared by magnetron sputtering; the flake graphite powder is placed in a mold, and the 6061 aluminum alloy is placed on the flake graphite powder, and then the mold is transferred to the inside of a vacuum impregnation furnace, the furnace is evacuated, and the furnace is heated to 300 to 350° C. at a rate of 20 to 30° C. / min and kept warm for 1 to 2 hours; then the furnace is heated to 800 to 820° C. and kept warm for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then 5 to 10 MPa of nitrogen is introduced into the furnace and the pressure is maintained for 0.5 to 1 hour for infiltration, and then cooled after infiltration, and finally demolded to obtain reinforcement particles; Step 2: A Pb coating with a thickness of 400 to 500 nm is prepared on the surface of the reinforcement particles by magnetron sputtering, and then the reinforcement particles and pure Pb are mixed and placed in a mold, and the mold is transferred to the inside of a vacuum impregnation furnace, the furnace is evacuated, and the furnace is heated to 200 to 230° C. at a rate of 20 to 30° C. / min and kept warm for 1 to 2 hours; then the furnace is heated to 500 to 520° C. and kept warm for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then 5 to 10 MPa of nitrogen is introduced into the furnace and the pressure is maintained for 0.5 to 1 hour for infiltration, and then cooled after infiltration, and finally demolded to obtain a lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material; the volume fraction of the reinforcement particles in the lead-based high thermal conductivity composite material is 40% to 55%; The preparation method of the composite steel plate layer (5) is as follows: using sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 70% to corrode one surface of the base steel plate, coating the sulfuric acid on the surface of the base steel plate during the corrosion, and the corrosion time is 10 to 25 minutes; then placing the base steel plate in a mold, with the corroded surface of the base steel plate facing upward, and paving a mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating on the base steel plate, with a paving thickness of 1 to 2.5 cm; then paving the mixture of BN particles and flake graphite with a Ti coating on the base steel plate; A copper-chromium alloy is placed on the mixture, and then the mold is transferred to the inside of a vacuum impregnation furnace. The furnace is evacuated, and the temperature in the furnace is raised to 700-850°C at a rate of 20-30°C / min and kept warm for 1-2 hours; then the furnace is heated to 1100-1220°C and kept warm for 0.5-2 hours, and then 5-10MPa nitrogen is introduced into the furnace and the pressure is maintained for 0.5-1 hour for infiltration. After infiltration, the furnace is cooled to prepare a BN-reinforced copper composite material on the surface of the base steel plate, and finally demolding is performed.

2. The long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The chromium content in the copper-chromium alloy is 2.0 wt.%.

3. The long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base steel plate is made of 1Cr18Ni9.

4. The long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the mixture of the BN particles and the flake graphite with a Ti coating, the volume ratio of the BN particles to the flake graphite is 1:1, the particle size of the BN particles is 0.5 to 1 mm, and the particle size of the flake graphite is 100 to 200 μm.

5. The long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rubber protective layer (6), the rubber layer (4), the upper sealing plate (3) and the lower sealing plate (7) are made of butadiene-styrene rubber.

6. The long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Bolt holes are arranged in the upper sealing plate (3), the seismic isolation base unit and the lower sealing plate (7), and the bolts (9) are arranged in the bolt holes; the diameter of the bolt holes is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the screw rod of the bolt (9).

7. The long-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the composite lead core (1) is 10 to 30 cm; the thickness of the rubber layer (4) is 2 to 3 cm; and the thickness of the composite steel plate layer (5) is 4 to 5 cm.

8. The application of the high-life lead rubber bearing for building seismic isolation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: High-life lead rubber bearings for building seismic isolation are used to assemble building seismic isolation layer structures; The building seismic isolation layer structure is composed of a plurality of building concrete columns, a first lead rubber bearing (10), a second lead rubber bearing (11), a first inclined brace (15) and a second inclined brace (16); each of the building concrete columns is composed of an upper concrete column (12), a middle concrete column (13) and a lower concrete column (14); the first lead rubber bearing (10) is arranged between the upper concrete column (12) and the middle concrete column (13), and the second lead rubber bearing (11) is arranged between the middle concrete column (13) and the lower concrete column (14); the first lead rubber bearing (10) in adjacent building concrete columns is arranged staggered in height, and the second lead rubber bearing (11) in adjacent building concrete columns is arranged staggered in height; the upper part of the first lead rubber bearing (10) in the same building concrete column and the lower part of the second lead rubber bearing (11) in the adjacent building concrete column are connected by the first inclined brace The lower part of the second lead rubber bearing (11) in the same building concrete column is connected to the upper part of the first lead rubber bearing (10) in the adjacent building concrete column through a second inclined brace (16); the upper surface of the first lead rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper concrete column (12), and the lower surface of the first lead rubber bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the middle concrete column (13); the upper surface of the second lead rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the The lower end of the middle concrete column (13) is fixedly connected, and the lower surface of the second lead rubber bearing (11) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower concrete column (14); the first inclined member (15) and the second inclined member (16) are steel cables; the two ends of the first inclined member (15) are hinged to the first lead rubber bearing (10) and the second lead rubber bearing (11); the two ends of the second inclined member (16) are hinged to the first lead rubber bearing (10) and the second lead rubber bearing (11).

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