Forging forming method for large long shaft type variable cross-section forge piece
By using radial forming method in the forging process of large long-axis variable-section forging parts, the forging parameters are controlled, and the problems of poor coaxiality and poor tissue performance are solved, and high-quality and high-performance forging forming is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311840066.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
AI Technical Summary
When the prior art forging large long-axis variable-section forgings, the coaxial properties are poor and the central positioning device is lacking, resulting in dimensional defects and poor metal structure performance.
The radial forming method is adopted to achieve efficient forming of large long-axis variable cross-section forging parts by controlling the forging frequency, passage download amount, strike speed and final forging temperature. The specific steps include overall length extraction, intermediate shaft radial forging and transitional part forging, using multiple fire forging to form shape, with the last fire deformation ≥30%, and the final forging temperature shall not be lower than the recrystallization temperature of the metal material.
Effectively crush carbides, improve the comprehensive performance of metal materials, eliminate mixed crystal phenomena, improve the quality and performance of forgings, and obtain forgings with fine grains and uniform grains.
Smart Images
Figure HDA0004638558860000011 
Figure HDA0004638558860000012 
Figure HDA0004638558860000013
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a forming method, in particular to a forging and forming method for large-sized long-axis variable cross-section forgings. Background Art
[0002] Shaft forgings are commonly used components in aeroengines and are generally formed by isothermal forging. At present, the commonly used isothermal forging die forges after the upper die and the lower die are closed. During die closing, due to die size deviation, the coaxiality of the forging may be poor, and there is a lack of a central positioning device. Generally, it is controlled manually, and forging size defects are likely to occur. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a radial forming method to realize the forging and forming of large-sized long-axis variable cross-section forgings. This method improves the tissue performance of the forging by controlling the forging frequency, the amount of reduction per pass, the impact speed, and the final forging temperature of radial forging.
[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the forging and forming method for large-sized long-axis variable cross-section forgings of the present invention includes the following steps in its technical solution:
[0005] Blank cutting: Cut the raw material according to a certain specification, upset and draw it to the specified size to obtain a long-axis blank with a uniform cross-section;
[0006] Overall drawing: Use the forging press hammer heads perpendicular to each other in a cross shape to perform overall drawing forging on the long-axis blank; this process is carried out in multiple passes, and the forging frequencies of 180 times / minute with a high frequency and 90 times / minute with a low frequency are alternately used for forging; in the first pass, forge to a diameter of D1, control the impact speed between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, control the deformation between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 180 times / minute; in the second pass, forge to a diameter of D2, control the impact speed between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, control the deformation between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 90 times / minute; in the third pass, forge to a diameter of D, control the impact speed between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, control the deformation between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 180 times / minute; obtain a long-axis forging with a diameter of D;
[0007] Radial forging of the intermediate shaft: Use the radial forging press hammer head to forge the long-axis forging in 4 to 5 passes to form an intermediate stepped shaft. The deformation amount per pass is controlled between 10% and 25%, the impact speed is controlled between 3 and 5 m / min, and the forging frequency for each pass is 180 times / minute;
[0008] Forging of the transition part: The forging surface of the hammer head of the radial forging press and the vertical surface are transitioned through a fillet. The fillet of the hammer head is used to forge the transition part, and the transition part is a 15° inclined plane between the two large end parts and the intermediate stepped shaft in the middle.
[0009] All of the above forging processes are formed by multi-pass forging. The deformation in the last pass is ≥30%, and the final forging temperature is not lower than the recrystallization temperature of the metal material.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0011] In the forging and forming method of the large long-axis variable cross-section forging of the present invention, during the overall drawing process, alternating forging with high frequency and low frequency can effectively break carbides, improve the comprehensive properties of the metal material, eliminate the mixed crystal phenomenon, and improve the quality of the forging. The deformation in the last pass is greater than 30%, and a forging with fine and uniform grains can be obtained. The final forging temperature is controlled not to be lower than the recrystallization temperature of the metal material, which can enable the grains to complete the recovery and recrystallization processes completely, thereby further refining the grains and improving the performance of the forging. Description of the Drawings
[0012] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall drawing process.
[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the radial forging process of the intermediate shaft.
[0015] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the forging process of the transition part. Specific Embodiments
[0016] Implementing the forging and forming method of the large long-axis variable cross-section forging of the present invention requires providing equipment such as a forging heating furnace, a press, and a manipulator.
[0017] The specific embodiments are as follows:
[0018] Step 1: Cut the raw material according to certain specifications, upset and draw it to the specified size to obtain a long-axis blank with a uniform cross-section.
[0019] Step 2: As Figure 1As shown, a forging press hammer head in a cross-shaped vertical form is used to perform integral upsetting forging on a long-axis blank; this process is carried out in multiple passes, and forging frequencies of 180 times / minute (high frequency) and 90 times / minute (low frequency) are alternately used for forging; in the first pass, it is forged to a diameter of D1, the impact speed is controlled between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, the deformation is controlled between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 180 times / minute; in the second pass, it is forged to a diameter of D2, the impact speed is controlled between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, the deformation is controlled between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 90 times / minute; in the third pass, it is forged to a diameter of D, the impact speed is controlled between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, the deformation is controlled between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 180 times / minute; a long-axis forging with a diameter of D is obtained.
[0020] Step 3: As Figure 2 shown, use the hammer head of a radial forging press to forge the long-axis forging in 4 to 5 passes to form an intermediate stepped shaft. The deformation amount for each pass is controlled between 10% and 25%, the impact speed is controlled between 3 and 5 m / min, and the forging frequency for each pass is 180 times / minute.
[0021] Step 4: As Figure 3 shown, the forging surface of the hammer head of the radial forging press is transitioned through a fillet with the vertical plane, and the fillet of the hammer head is used to forge the transition part. The transition part is a 15° inclined plane between the two large-head parts at both ends and the intermediate stepped shaft.
[0022] All the above forging processes are formed by forging in multiple heats. The final heat deformation is ≥ 30%, and the final forging temperature is not lower than the recrystallization temperature of the metal material.
Claims
1. A forging method for a large-scale variable cross-section forging of a long shaft type, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Blanking: Blanking the raw materials according to certain specifications, upsetting and drawing them to the specified size to obtain a long-axis blank with a uniform cross-section; Overall drawing: Using the forging press hammer heads perpendicular to each other in a cross shape to perform overall drawing forging on the long-axis blank; This process is carried out in multiple passes, and the forging frequencies of 180 times / minute with a high frequency and 90 times / minute with a low frequency are alternately used for forging; In the first pass, it is forged to a diameter of D1, the impact speed is controlled between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, the deformation is controlled between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 180 times / minute; In the second pass, it is forged to a diameter of D2, the impact speed is controlled between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, the deformation is controlled between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 90 times / minute; In the third pass, it is forged to a diameter of D, the impact speed is controlled between 3 m / min and 5.5 m / min, the deformation is controlled between 10% and 25%, and the forging frequency is 180 times / minute; A long-axis forging with a diameter of D is obtained; Intermediate shaft radial forging: Using the radial forging press hammer head to forge the long-axis forging in 4 to 5 passes to form an intermediate stepped shaft, the deformation amount of each pass is controlled between 10% and 25%, the impact speed is controlled between 3 and 5 m / min, and the forging frequency of each pass is 180 times / minute; Forging of the transition part: The forging surface of the radial forging press hammer head and the vertical surface are transitioned through a fillet, and the fillet of the hammer head is used to forge the transition part. The transition part is a 15° inclined surface between the two large-head parts at both ends and the intermediate stepped shaft.
2. The forging method of a large long-axis variable cross-section forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the above forging processes are formed by multi-heat forging, the deformation in the last heat is ≥30%, and the final forging temperature is not lower than the recrystallization temperature of the metal material.