Crushing device for recycling waste cloth

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushers, and particularly discloses a crushing device for waste cloth recycling, the crushing device comprises a feeding ring, a cutting ring, an extrusion plate, a sliding plate and a cutting knife, the feeding ring is rotatably arranged at the bottom of a mounting cavity, the cutting ring is rotatably arranged at the top of the mounting cavity, and a gap for cloth to pass through is formed between the feeding ring and the cutting ring; the sliding plate is elastically installed on the side wall of the installation cavity in the left-right direction, the sliding plate and the extrusion plate are each provided with a cutting seam, a containing cavity is defined by the feeding ring, the cutting ring, the extrusion plate, the sliding plate and the installation cavity, and the cutting knife penetrates through the cutting seams to cut extrusion cloth in the containing cavity when rotating along with the cutting ring; the crushing device for recycling the waste cloth solves the problems that the cloth is easy to shift and cannot be cut off thoroughly during cutting, and has the advantages that the cutting stability is improved, the cloth is prevented from shifting, and thorough cutting is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pulverizers, and in particular to a pulverizer for recycling waste cloth. Background Art

[0002] The recycling of waste fabrics is the process of collecting, processing and reusing discarded fabrics or waste cuttings. This process helps to reduce the impact of waste on the environment, save resources, and promote the circular economy. Recycled waste fabrics are often used to make fillers after being crushed and cut, such as sound insulation materials or stuffed toys, so as to make full use of the edge materials and reduce waste. The crushing and cutting of waste fabrics is usually done by workers placing them on a conveyor belt, which then drives the waste fabrics to move to the cutting equipment, where the waste fabrics are crushed and cut. The common structure of the device for crushing waste fabrics in the related art is to cut and crush the fabrics by a pair of mutually cooperating crushing rollers. Since a lot of waste lines will be generated after the waste fabrics are crushed, these waste lines cannot be completely crushed in many cases and are entangled on the crushing rollers, which will affect the normal operation of the crushing rollers over time.

[0003] A Chinese patent application document with publication number CN118616173A discloses a knitted fabric cutting edge material recycling and processing equipment, including side plates, a crushing unit and a spreading mechanism. Through the cooperation between two spreading groups 1 and a pulling group in the spreading mechanism, the spreading rod and the pulling rod pull the knitted fabric cutting edge material in the left and right directions to spread the material. At the same time, through the cooperation between the two spreading groups 2, the spreading rod pulls the knitted fabric cutting edge material in the front and back directions to spread the material, so that the knitted fabric cutting edge material after spreading is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt, which improves work efficiency and saves labor costs. A single motor provides driving force for driving the spreading mechanism and the crushing unit at the same time, and a single drive realizes the three functions of conveying, spreading and cutting.

[0004] However, when processing large pieces of waste fabrics, the waste fabrics are directly crushed. During the crushing process, due to the large size of the waste fabric pieces, they are easily entangled, resulting in the machine being unable to crush them normally. Secondly, for newer fabric residues and unqualified products, they will be cut into strips when reused and can be directly used as sound insulation materials. When cutting block-shaped waste fabrics into strips, due to the softness of the fabric itself, the cutting component will move during cutting, making it difficult to cut effectively. After cutting, the fabric is prone to incomplete cutting and adhesion. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a pulverizing device for recycling waste cloth, aiming to solve the problem in the related art that when cutting block-shaped defective cloth into strips, the cloth itself is relatively soft, which causes the cutting component to move during cutting and makes it difficult to cut effectively, and after cutting, the cloth is easily not cut thoroughly and sticks to each other.

[0006] A pulverizing device for recycling waste cloth comprises a frame and an installation cavity with left and right openings, including a feeding ring rotatably arranged at the bottom of the installation cavity, a cutting ring rotatably arranged at the top of the installation cavity, the feeding ring is parallel to the horizontal section of the cutting ring, and the end faces of the feeding ring and the cutting ring close to each other are provided with a gap for cloth to pass through, a cutting knife, the cutting knife is arranged on the cutting ring, and when located in the gap, the end of the cutting knife away from the cutting ring abuts against the feeding ring, a squeezing plate, the squeezing plate is arranged on the feeding ring, and when located in the gap, the end of the squeezing plate away from the feeding ring abuts against the cutting ring, a sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably installed on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity along the left and right directions, an elastic member is arranged between the sliding plate and the installation cavity, and cutting slots for the cutting knife to pass through are respectively arranged on the sliding plate and the squeezing plate, the feeding ring, the cutting ring, the squeezing plate, the sliding plate and the installation cavity are surrounded to form an accommodating cavity, and when cutting, the squeezing plate squeezes the cloth to shrink the elastic member, and the cutting knife cuts the cloth in the accommodating cavity through the cutting slot.

[0007] The receiving chamber is formed by setting a feeding ring, a cutting ring, an extrusion plate, a sliding plate and an installation chamber, so that the cloth enters the gap from the protruding end of the feeding ring and enters the receiving chamber as it rotates. The extrusion plate pushes the cloth against the sliding plate, and the elastic member is compressed and contracted to form a stable clamping state. The cutting ring rotates to make the cutting knife reach the gap position, and the tip of the knife abuts the feeding ring, and the knife passes through the cutting seam of the extrusion plate and the sliding plate. At this time, the cloth in the receiving chamber cannot be displaced by the four-way pressure, and the cutting knife completely cuts the cloth along the seam. The chain plate structure rotates continuously to discharge the cut cloth from the discharge port, and the remaining waste line rotates with the chain plate to separate from the cutting area to avoid winding around the knife, solving the problem of incomplete cutting caused by displacement when cutting large pieces of cloth. The multi-point pressure of the receiving chamber keeps the cloth in a stable clamping state, and the dynamic cooperation between the cutting seam and the knife ensures the integrity of the incision and avoids adhesion between the cloth layers. The chain plate transmission structure realizes continuous cutting operation while preventing the residual waste line from winding around the equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of waste cloth recycling and processing.

[0008] Preferably, the cutting knife is hinged to the cutting ring, and the cutting knife rotates to the right after being subjected to the resistance of the fabric. A torsion spring is arranged between the cutting knife and the cutting ring, and the torsion spring makes the cutting knife perpendicular to the tangent of the cutting ring in a natural state. A limiting block is arranged at the hinge between the cutting knife and the cutting ring, so that the cutting knife is perpendicular to the tangent of the cutting ring. The rotatable cutting knife structure cooperates with the torsion spring, so that the blade has the ability to dynamically adjust the cutting depth during the cutting process, which not only avoids equipment overload due to compaction of the fabric, but also ensures that each cutting operation can be effectively cut.

[0009] Preferably, a telescopic block is provided on the side of the extrusion plate facing the cloth, the telescopic block is arranged between adjacent cutting seams, and the telescopic block is retracted into the extrusion plate along the left-right direction; a telescopic block is provided on the side of the sliding plate facing the cloth, the telescopic block is arranged between adjacent cutting seams, and the telescopic block is retracted into the sliding plate along the left-right direction. Through the telescopic block structure, alternating compression areas are formed during the cutting process, which not only keeps the cloth stable but also avoids excessive extrusion causing increased cutting resistance. The compression state of the area is automatically released after the cutting is completed, and the cut cloth strips can be naturally separated.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the feeding ring close to the feeding port protrudes from the cutting ring. Before cutting, the cloth is located on the upper end surface of the protruding section of the feeding ring. A physical limit is formed by the protruding section of the feeding ring, and a stable bearing surface is established before cutting. The cloth is always in a controlled state during the conveying process. When the tool cuts in, the cloth is guided by the tool into the gap, which solves the problem of difficulty in feeding in the gap.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic member includes two guide rods and a spring. The two guide rods are horizontally arranged on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity respectively. The spring is sleeved on the guide rods. When the sliding plate slides to the left, the spring contracts to limit the movement of the sliding plate.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding sleeve is provided on the guide rod, the sliding sleeve abuts against one end of the spring away from the sliding plate, and the initial elastic potential energy of the spring is adjusted by the sliding sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, a feeding opening for feeding is formed at the left ends of the feeding ring and the cutting ring, and one end of the cutting ring close to the feeding opening protrudes from the feeding ring.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding ring is configured as a chain plate structure, and the extrusion block is vertically arranged to the chain plate of the feeding ring; the cutting ring is configured as a chain plate structure, and the cutting knife is hinged on the chain plate of the cutting ring.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic block of the sliding plate is arranged obliquely, and the telescopic block is inclined to the left from top to bottom.

[0016] Preferably, the inclined surface of the telescopic block is provided with multiple rollers, and the rollers are arranged in the front-to-back direction, and multiple rollers are arranged in the up-down direction on the inclined surface of the telescopic block. By arranging multiple groups of directional rollers on the inclined surface of the telescopic block, sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, so that the cloth can quickly leave the gap area after cutting. Especially for waste cloth with loose fibers or rough surfaces, the roller structure can prevent the fibers from hooking on the inclined surface of the telescopic block and causing discharge blockage.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By providing a cutting knife, a pressing plate, a sliding plate and an elastic member, a receiving cavity is formed through the cooperative action of the feeding ring, the cutting ring and the sliding plate. The elastic member is used to adjust the fabric pressure. At the same time, the cooperation of the cutting knife with the pressing plate and the sliding plate realizes stable cutting, effectively solving the problems of easy displacement and incomplete cutting of the fabric during cutting, and having the advantages of improving cutting stability, avoiding fabric displacement and ensuring complete cutting.

[0018] 2. Through the telescopically adjustable block structure with dynamic adjustment, in cooperation with the dynamically adjustable receiving cavity, a pressing area with an alternating effect is formed during the cutting process, which not only ensures stable cutting of the fabric but also ensures that the receiving cavity automatically releases the pressing state after cutting is completed, and the cut fabric strips can be naturally separated and discharged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic sectional view of the crushing device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressing plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting slot on the pressing plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopically adjustable block on the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic member of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting knife of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 is Figure 9 an enlarged schematic view of part B in

[0029] Reference Signs: 1. Frame; 2. Installation cavity; 3. Feeding ring; 31. Pressing plate; 32. Support roller; 4. Cutting ring; 41. Cutting knife; 42. Limit block; 5. Sliding plate; 61. Cutting slot; 62. Telescopically adjustable block; 63. Roller; 7. Elastic member; 71. Guide rod; 72. Spring; 73. Sliding sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, a crushing device for recycling waste fabrics includes: a frame 1 and an installation cavity 2 with openings on the left and right. An upper feeding ring 3, a cutting ring 4, an extrusion plate 31, a sliding plate 5 and a cutting knife 41 are arranged in the installation cavity 2. The upper feeding ring 3 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the installation cavity 2, and the cutting ring 4 is rotatably arranged at the top of the installation cavity 2. The upper feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4 are arranged parallel to each other. A gap for the fabric to pass through is formed between the upper feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4. The cutting knife 41 is arranged on the cutting ring 4. At the gap, the end of the cutting knife 41 far from the cutting ring 4 abuts against the upper feeding ring 3. The extrusion plate 31 is arranged on the upper feeding ring 3. At the gap, the end of the extrusion plate 31 far from the upper feeding ring 3 abuts against the cutting ring 4. The sliding plate 5 is elastically installed on the side wall of the installation cavity 2 in the left-right direction. Both the sliding plate 5 and the extrusion plate 31 are provided with cutting slits 61. The upper feeding ring 3, the cutting ring 4, the extrusion plate 31, the sliding plate 5 and the installation cavity 2 enclose a containing cavity. When the cutting knife 41 rotates with the cutting ring 4, it passes through the cutting slit 61 to cut the extruded fabric in the containing cavity.

[0032] A dynamic containing cavity is formed by enclosing the upper feeding ring 3, the cutting ring 4, the extrusion plate 31 and the sliding plate 5. When cutting, the fabric is fixed under multi-directional pressure in the containing cavity, solving the problem that the fabric is prone to displacement during cutting, resulting in abnormal cutting of the fabric, incomplete cutting between the fabrics, and adhesion between different fabric layers. The dynamic containing cavity can prevent residual waste wires from winding around the equipment and improve the efficiency of waste fabric recycling and treatment.

[0033] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the upper feeding ring 3 refers to a ring-shaped conveying component installed at the bottom of the installation cavity 2 and capable of rotation. It is preferably realized by a chain plate conveyor belt. Both ends of the chain plate conveyor belt are rotatably arranged on the frame 1. The rotation of the conveyor belt makes the fabric on the chain plate move from the feeding end to the discharging end.

[0034] The chain plate structure refers to an annular conveying structure composed of a plurality of mutually articulated plates. Specifically, it can be formed by connecting metal plates through pin shafts to form a bendable and rotatable ring-shaped structure. This structure forms a dynamic supporting surface through the relative rotation between the plates during fabric conveying. An extrusion plate 31 is arranged on the chain plate of the upper feeding ring 3. The extrusion plate 31 is fixed on the surface of the chain plate at a 90-degree angle. Specifically, welding or bolt fixing methods can be used. The function of the extrusion plate 31 is to form a thrust perpendicular to the fabric traveling direction.

[0035] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 andFigure 9 As shown, the cutting ring 4 is preferably a link plate structure. The cutting ring 4 is arranged in parallel with the feeding ring 3. A gap for the cloth to be crushed to pass through is formed between the feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4. Cutting knives 41 are arranged on the link plates of the cutting ring 4. One end of the cutting knife 41 far away from the cutting ring 4 abuts against the feeding ring 3. The rotation of the cutting ring 4 drives the cutting knives 41 to move along a predetermined trajectory. When the cutting knives 41 move to the gap formed between the feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4, the cutting knives 41 cut the cloth in the gap.

[0036] As Figures 2 to 9 As shown, the sliding plate 5 is slidably arranged on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity 2 in the left-right direction. The upper and lower ends of the sliding plate 5 respectively abut against the link plates of the feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4. The sliding plate 5, the feeding ring 3, the cutting ring 4, the pressing plate 31 and the installation cavity 2 enclose a containing cavity. An elastic member 7 is arranged between the sliding plate 5 and the installation cavity 2. The elastic member 7 includes two guide rods 71 and a spring 72. The two guide rods 71 are respectively horizontally arranged on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity 2. The guide rod 71 is a rigid support member horizontally arranged along the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity 2. Specifically, it can be realized by using a cylindrical metal rod. The sliding plate 5 is slidably installed on the guide rod 71. The axial direction of the guide rod 71 is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding plate 5. The guide rod 71 restricts the movement trajectory of the sliding plate 5 through physical limitation.

[0037] The spring 72 is sleeved on the guide rod 71. One end of the spring 72 is connected to the guide rod 71, and the other end of the spring 72 is connected to the sliding plate 5. The spring 72 is preferably realized by using a helical spring or a disc spring. Its compression deformation amount has a linear relationship with the displacement amount of the sliding plate 5. When the sliding plate 5 slides to the left, the spring 72 contracts to limit the movement of the sliding plate 5.

[0038] By setting the spring 72, when the cloth is pushed by the pressing plate 31 into the containing cavity, the sliding plate 5 moves leftward along the axial direction of the guide rod 71 under the action of the cloth pressure. At this time, the spring 72 is compressed to generate a reverse acting force. The axial constraint effect of the guide rod 71 ensures that the movement trajectory of the sliding plate 5 remains a horizontal straight line, preventing the sliding plate 5 from shifting due to uneven cloth thickness. The elastic force of the spring 72 and the cloth extrusion force form a dynamic balance, so that the cloth is always in a pressed state and cannot rebound. When the cutting knives 41 cut the cloth, the continuous pressing force of the spring 72 forces the cloth fibers to maintain a stable tensile state at the cutting seam 61, avoiding incomplete cutting due to cloth relaxation.

[0039] Through the composite structure of the guide rod 71 and the spring 72, while restricting the movement range of the sliding plate 5, a two-way mechanical balance is formed. The guide rod 71 eliminates the lateral displacement deviation, and the elastic characteristics of the spring 72 dynamically adapt to the change of cloth thickness, ensuring that the cloth is in a stable and controlled state during the cutting process.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, a support device is provided within the ring formed by the link plate structures of the loading ring 3 and the cutting ring 4. The support device is respectively arranged at the lower end surface of the upper horizontal section of the loading ring 3 and the upper end surface of the lower horizontal section of the cutting ring 4, providing support force for the link plates of the cutting ring 4 and the loading ring 3 that form the accommodation cavity part, preventing the cutting ring 4 and the loading ring 3 from undergoing vertical displacement when extruding the fabric, resulting in the fabric becoming loose or displaced, causing the cutting seam of the fabric to move, and leading to a decrease in cutting efficiency.

[0041] The support device is preferably provided with a plurality of support rollers 32 at the rear side of the link plate of the support ring and the loading ring 3. The plurality of support rollers 32 are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction. Both ends of the support rollers 32 are rotatably arranged on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity 2. Further, bearings are respectively installed at the rotation points of both ends of the support rollers 32 to reduce the resistance of the support rollers 32 to rotate. The diameter of the support rollers 32 is set to be less than half of the length of the link plate in the left-right direction, so that the link plate is in contact with two support rollers 32 at the same time. When the link plates of the loading ring 3 and the cutting ring 4 move from right to left along the support device, the link plate rotates the support rollers 32, and the support rollers 32 provide support in the vertical direction for the link plate, so that the link plate does not move in the vertical direction during the movement.

[0042] Arranging a plurality of support rollers 32 can provide stable support for the loading ring 3 and the cutting ring 4, enabling the link plates of the loading ring 3 and the cutting ring 4 to have stable limit support when located on both sides of the gap. When the link plate extrudes the fabric in the accommodation cavity, the link plate does not move in the vertical direction, providing a stable clamping force for the fabric in the accommodation cavity.

[0043] As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the cutting knife 41 is hinged to the cutting ring 4. A limit block 42 for restricting the rotation angle of the cutting knife 41 is arranged at the contact part between the cutting knife 41 and the cutting ring 4. A torsion spring with an elastic reset function is installed between the cutting knife 41 and the cutting ring 4. When the cutting knife 41 is subjected to the resistance of the fabric, it can rotate to the right around the hinge axis. In the natural state, the cutting knife 41 abuts against the limit block 42, and the cutting knife 41 is perpendicular to the link plate of the cutting ring 4.

[0044] The hinge axis is the rotating shaft body connecting the cutting knife 41 and the cutting ring 4, and specifically can be realized by using a pin shaft with a lubrication structure. This structure enables the cutting knife 41 to have an adaptive rotation function during operation. The torsion spring is an elastic element sleeved on the outer periphery of the hinge axis, and specifically can be realized by using a stainless steel material spiral spring. The torsion spring provides a continuous return torque for the cutting knife 41. The limit block 42 is a mechanical limit structure arranged at the end of the hinge axis, and specifically can be realized by using a boss. This structure restricts the rotation angle of the cutting knife 41 through physical contact.

[0045] Specifically, the cutting knife 41 is set as a movable part that can rotate around the hinge axis. When the fabric cannot be cut in one go, the cutting knife 41 is pushed by the reaction force of the fabric, and the cutting knife 41 rotates to the right. At this time, the cutting angle of the cutting edge of the cutting knife 41 is automatically adjusted to cut the fabric. The torsion spring stores elastic potential energy during the deflection of the cutting knife 41, and drives the cutting knife 41 to reset counterclockwise to the initial vertical state after the fabric resistance disappears. The limiting block 42 abuts against the cutting knife 41 to ensure that the cutting knife 41 maintains a vertical state at a 90-degree angle to the tangent of the cutting ring 4 in the natural state.

[0046] The traditional cutting device adopts a rigid fixed blade structure, which is prone to jamming or incomplete cutting when encountering thick fabrics. With the rotatable cutting knife 41 structure combined with the elastic reset mechanism, the cutting knife 41 has the ability to adjust the cutting depth during the cutting process.

[0047] As Figures 4 to 7 shown, on the side of the pressing plate 31 facing the fabric, there is a telescopic block 62. The telescopic block 62 is arranged between adjacent cutting slits 61, and the telescopic block 62 can contract in the left-right direction into the pressing plate 31; on the side of the sliding plate 5 facing the fabric, there is a telescopic block 62. The telescopic block 62 is arranged between adjacent cutting slits 61, and the telescopic block 62 contracts in the left-right direction into the sliding plate 5.

[0048] The telescopic block 62 is arranged on the surface of the pressing plate 31 or the sliding plate 5. The telescopic block 62 can slide for displacement adjustment to press the fabric in the accommodation cavity in the left-right direction. The telescopic block 62 can specifically be implemented by a block structure with an internal elastic element. For example, a spring mechanism is arranged inside the pressing plate 31 to make the telescopic block 62 retract into the pressing plate 31 or the sliding plate 5 when it is pressed. The position between adjacent cutting slits 61 refers to the position between the opening areas formed by the cutting knife 41 penetrating through the pressing plate 31 or the sliding plate 5. Specifically, it can be implemented by a rectangular opening structure with equal spacing. For example, strip-shaped slits with a width 1.2 - 1.5 times the thickness of the cutting knife 41 are opened on the surface of the plate body.

[0049] Specifically, when the fabric enters the accommodation cavity, the extrusion plate 31 and the telescopic block 62 of the sliding plate 5 are in the extended state, and the surfaces of the telescopic block 62 close to the extrusion plate 31 and the sliding plate 5 are coplanar with the extrusion plate 31 and the sliding plate 5. When the cutting knife 41 performs the cutting action, the telescopic block 62 of the extrusion plate 31 retracts into the plate body under the action of the cutting pressure. At this time, the telescopic block 62 of the sliding plate 5 still changes to the contracted state and forms a reverse supporting force. An alternating pressing mode is formed between the extrusion plate 31 and the sliding plate 5 at the cutting seam 61 and the relative telescopic block 62. The part of the fabric in contact with the extrusion plate 31 and the sliding plate 5 forms a state where the concave and convex parts are arranged in sequence, and a state where the fabric at the cutting seam 61 is locally pressed. As the cutting ring 4 rotates, the cutting knife 41 cuts the fabric in the accommodation cavity through the cutting seam 61. By squeezing the fabric in the accommodation cavity into a state where the concave and convex parts are arranged in sequence, it is prevented that the cutting seam of the fabric moves during cutting.

[0050] Through the telescopic block 62 structure, an alternating pressing method is formed on the fabric in the accommodation cavity during the cutting process, which not only keeps the fabric stable but also ensures that the cutting seam displacement occurs due to the movement of the fabric during cutting. Through the variable accommodation cavity, the pressing state of the fabric is automatically released after the fabric in the accommodation cavity is cut, and the cut fabric strips can be naturally separated.

[0051] As Figure 2 and Figure 8 shown, a sliding sleeve 73 is arranged on the guide rod 71. One end of the spring 72 far from the sliding plate 5 abuts against the sliding sleeve 73. The sliding sleeve 73 refers to an annular sleeve structure that can slide axially along the guide rod 71. Specifically, the positioning on the guide rod 71 can be realized by means of threaded connection or snap positioning. The cooperation between the sliding sleeve 73 and the guide rod 71 is used to adjust the initial compression length of the spring 72. The initial elastic potential energy refers to the elastic deformation energy stored by the spring 72 when it is not subjected to external loads. Specifically, it is realized by changing the pre-compression amount of the spring 72 through the sliding sleeve 73, and this pre-compression amount determines the initial pressing force of the sliding plate 5 on the fabric.

[0052] Specifically, when the sliding sleeve 73 moves axially along the guide rod 71, one end of the spring 72 far from the sliding plate 5 is limited by the sliding sleeve 73. At this time, the effective compression length of the spring 72 changes with the position of the sliding sleeve 73. When it is necessary to increase the extrusion force on the fabric, the sliding sleeve 73 moves towards the direction close to the sliding plate 5, the initial compression amount of the spring 72 increases, and the initial elastic potential energy increases; conversely, when the sliding sleeve 73 moves away from the sliding plate 5, the compression amount of the spring 72 decreases, and the initial elastic potential energy decreases. Thus, by adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve 73, the pressing force of the sliding plate 5 on the fabric can be adjusted to ensure that the cooperative action of the cutting knife 41 and the extrusion plate 31 adapts to fabrics of different thicknesses or materials.

[0053] Through the matching structure of the sliding sleeve 73 and the guide rod 71, the linear adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the spring 72 is realized, solving the problem that the elastic potential energy in the prior art cannot match the characteristics of the fabric. It can dynamically adjust the initial pressing force of the elastic member 7 according to the thickness and hardness of the fabric, avoiding fabric displacement or incomplete cutting due to insufficient pressure during the cutting process.

[0054] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, one end of the feeding ring 3 close to the feeding port protrudes from the cutting ring 4. Before cutting, the fabric is located on the upper end surface of the protruding end of the feeding ring 3. The protruding end of the feeding ring 3, that is, the horizontal part of the feeding ring 3 where the extension length at the front end in the feeding direction exceeds the boundary of the cutting ring 4, can be specifically realized by adjusting the extension length of the chain plate structure, so that when the fabric enters, it is located on the bearing plane formed by the protruding section of the feeding ring 3.

[0055] The rotational speed of the cutting ring 4 is faster than that of the feeding ring 3. Specifically, during the feeding process of the fabric, it is conveyed to the upper end surface of the protruding section of the feeding ring 3. At this time, the cutting ring 4 is not in contact with the fabric. When the feeding ring 3 rotates, the fabric is continuously conveyed to the gap formed by the feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4 as the chain plate moves. Since the cutting knife 41 on the cutting ring 4 is located on the outer surface of the cutting ring 4, before the fabric moves to the gap area between the cutting ring 4 and the feeding ring 3, the cutting knife 41 moves from the opening of the gap into the gap. The cutting knife 41 pushes the fabric on the protruding end into the gap. When the fabric moves to the right side of the sliding plate 5, the fabric causes the cutting knife 41 to rotate to the right and cross over the fabric. A plurality of cutting knives 41 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the cutting ring 4 sequentially dial the fabric into the gap until the pressing plate 31 moves to the gap.

[0056] By setting one side of the feeding ring 3 close to the feeding end to protrude from the cutting ring 4, and at the same time making the rotational speed of the cutting ring 4 faster than that of the feeding ring 3, the cutting knife 41 continuously dials the material into the accommodating cavity, preventing the fabric from accumulating at the inlet of the gap and unable to enter the gap normally.

[0057] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, one end of the cutting ring 4 close to the discharging port protrudes from the feeding ring 3. The end of the cutting ring 4 close to the discharging port extends beyond the edge of the feeding ring 3 in the length direction, for example, by extending the extension length of the circumferential chain plate of the cutting ring 4 or adjusting the installation position. The discharging port is the channel for discharging the cut scraps after the fabric is cut, specifically the left opening of the installation cavity 2. A conveying device is arranged at the lower end of the discharging port to transport the cut fabric strips away, preventing accumulation and blocking of the discharging port.

[0058] The material on the upper and lower surfaces of the material collecting plates 3 are removed by the push-pull plate 31 and the push-pull plate 32 is pressed against the upper and lower surfaces of the material collecting plates 3.

[0059] The cutting ring 4 and the feeding ring 3 are arranged in a staggered layout, so that the cut pieces can be quickly and directionaly separated from the cutting area, and the residual fibers can be prevented from winding around the cutting knife 41 or blocking the feeding port, thus ensuring the stability of the equipment during continuous operation and reducing the maintenance frequency of manually cleaning the residual fabric. The displacement of the fabric during cutting is eliminated through the dynamic support of the chain plate structure and the coordinated clamping effect of the extrusion plate 31 and the sliding plate 5. The articulated design of the cutting knife 41 cooperates with the running track of the chain plate, so that the cutting angle of the cutting knife 41 is adapted to the cutting state of the fabric in real time, effectively preventing the fabric from winding around the cutting knife 41 or incomplete cutting, and is particularly suitable for continuous cutting of large pieces of flexible fabric.

[0060] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic block 62 on the sliding plate 5 is tilted, and the telescopic block 62 tilts leftward from top to bottom. The tilted setting of the telescopic block 62 means that a certain angle is formed between the surface of the telescopic block 62 and the horizontal plane, and the cloth moving direction is controlled by adjusting the tilt angle. Among them, tilting leftward from top to bottom means that the top of the telescopic block 62 is offset to the right, which can be achieved by a hinge structure with a limit slot to keep the tilted surface stable during the cloth cutting process.

[0061] Specifically, when the cut cloth moves to the opening of the accommodating cavity along with the sliding plate 5, the surface of the inclined telescopic block 62 forms a downwardly inclined guide surface. The cloth slides to the lower left along the inclined surface under the action of gravity, and at the same time, the component force generated by the inclination of the telescopic block 62 pushes the cloth out of the cutting area. The inclined structure changes the force direction of the cloth, and the dual effects of gravity and thrust are used to achieve rapid material discharge, avoiding manual cleaning or secondary processing.

[0062] The problem of poor discharge of fabric after cutting is solved by the inclined telescopic block 62. The inclined telescopic block 62 guides the fabric to leave the cutting area in a specific direction, effectively reducing the residual scraps, improving the efficiency of continuous cutting operations, and reducing the risk of equipment failure caused by blockage.

[0063] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, a plurality of rollers 63 are arranged on the inclined surface of the telescopic block 62. The plurality of rollers 63 are arranged on the inclined surface of the telescopic block 62 along the up-down direction, and the rollers 63 are arranged along the front-back direction. The rollers 63 rotate around their axes in the front-back direction.

[0064] The roller 63 refers to a cylindrical component that can rotate around an axis, which can be specifically realized by a bearing and a metal sleeve combination structure, and its outer surface forms rolling friction when in contact with the cloth. The front-to-back direction setting means that the axial direction of the roller 63 is perpendicular to the left-right conveying direction of the device, so that the cloth moving direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the roller 63. The up-down direction arrangement means that the rollers 63 are longitudinally distributed along the surface of the inclined block to form a continuous rolling contact surface, for example, each roller 63 is fixed on the surface of the inclined telescopic block 62 at equal intervals. This arrangement forms uniform rolling support at different height positions of the inclined telescopic block 62 to avoid excessive friction of the local pressure on the cloth and the inability to quickly discharge the cloth.

[0065] Specifically, when the cut cloth moves downward along the inclined telescopic block 62, the cloth contacts the roller 63 to generate rolling friction. The roller 63 is arranged in the front-to-back direction so that its rotation axis is perpendicular to the cloth moving direction. When the cloth moves in the up-down direction, the roller 63 is driven to rotate around the axis. The rollers 63 arranged up and down form a continuous rolling path, and the cloth continuously rolls down along the surface of the roller 63 under the action of gravity. When the cloth is subjected to the interaction force between the squeezing plate 31 and the cutting ring 4, the rotation of the roller 63 effectively offsets the sliding friction resistance between the cloth and the inclined telescopic block 62.

[0066] By arranging multiple groups of directional rollers 63 on the surface of the inclined telescopic block 62, sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, so that the cloth can quickly escape from the gap area after cutting. Especially for waste cloth with loose fibers or rough surfaces, the roller 63 structure can prevent the fibers from hooking on the inclined telescopic block 62 surface and causing material discharge blockage.

[0067] Through the above technical solution, the present invention effectively reduces the friction resistance between the cloth and the inclined block, and solves the problem of poor cloth discharge after cutting. The cloth slides smoothly along the inclined surface of the telescopic block 62 under the support of the roller 63, avoiding movement lag or local accumulation caused by friction, and improving the continuity of the cutting process and the discharge efficiency.

[0068] Preferably, multiple sets of cutting knives 41 are equidistantly arranged on the cutting ring 4. The multiple sets of cutting knives 41 are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the cutting ring 4. By increasing the number of cutting knives 41, the cutting efficiency can be improved.

[0069] Working principle: The feeding ring 3 rotates counterclockwise, and the cutting ring 4 rotates clockwise. The fabric to be cut is placed on the protruding section of the feeding ring 3. As the fabric on the feeding ring 3 rotates with the feeding ring 3, it moves to the gap entrance between the feeding ring 3 and the cutting ring 4. When the cutting ring 4 rotates, the cutting ring 4 rotates faster than the feeding ring 3. The multiple sets of cutting knives 41 arranged on the cutting ring 4 push the fabric located at the gap entrance on the feeding ring 3 into the gap. When the fabric moves to the right side of the sliding plate 5, the fabric blocks the cutting knife 41, causing the cutting knife 41 to rotate to the right and cross over the fabric. When the fabric in the gap accumulates at the entrance, the feeding stops. The feeding ring 3 drives the pressing plate 31 to move into the gap. The feeding ring 3, the cutting ring 4, the pressing plate 31, and the sliding plate 5 enclose a dynamic accommodating cavity. The pressing plate 31 continues to move leftward to squeeze the fabric and push the sliding plate 5. The spring 72 on the left side of the sliding plate 5 restricts the movement of the sliding plate 5 and gives the fabric a reaction force to the right. The sliding plate 5 and the pressing plate 31 squeeze the fabric in the accommodating cavity; In the cutting state, the telescopic blocks 62 arranged on the pressing plate 31 and the sliding plate 5 contract into the pressing plate 31 and the sliding plate 5 after being subjected to the extrusion force of the fabric, making the end faces of the fabric in contact with the pressing plate 31 and the sliding plate 5 in a concave-convex shape arranged in sequence, thereby restricting the movement of the fabric in the accommodating cavity. The cutting knife 41 enters the accommodating cavity through the cutting slot 61 to cut the fabric; While the fabric in the accommodating cavity is being cut by the cutting knife 41, the pressing plate 31 continues to move leftward. When the sliding plate 5 compresses the fabric on the left side, the pressure on the fabric in the accommodating cavity gradually increases, so that the fabric in the accommodating cavity will not move; After the fabric cutting is completed, the sliding plate 5 is disengaged from the feeding ring 3. The fabric resting on the support wheel with an inclined setting on the sliding plate 5 is discharged from the opening between the sliding plate 5 and the feeding ring 3 under the action of gravity and the downward component of the extrusion force of the inclined telescopic block 62. When all the materials are discharged, the pressing plate 31 abuts against the sliding plate 5, and the pressing plate 31 rotates leftward to cross over the sliding plate 5. The sliding plate 5 is reset under the action of the spring 72, completing one cutting.

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics, comprising: A frame (1) and an installation cavity (2) with openings on the left and right, characterized by comprising: A feeding ring (3) rotatably arranged at the bottom of the installation cavity (2), a cutting ring (4) rotatably arranged at the top of the installation cavity (2), the horizontal sections of the feeding ring (3) and the cutting ring (4) are parallel, and a gap for the fabric to pass through is arranged on the end faces of the feeding ring (3) and the cutting ring (4) close to each other; A cutting knife (41), the cutting knife (41) is arranged on the cutting ring (4), and when located at the gap, the end of the cutting knife (41) far from the cutting ring (4) abuts against the feeding ring (3); A pressing plate (31), the pressing plate (31) is arranged on the feeding ring (3), and when located at the gap, the end of the pressing plate (31) far from the feeding ring (3) abuts against the cutting ring (4); A sliding plate (5), the sliding plate (5) is slidably installed on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity (2) in the left - right direction, an elastic member (7) is arranged between the sliding plate (5) and the installation cavity (2), and cutting slits (61) for the cutting knife (41) to pass through are respectively arranged on the sliding plate (5) and the pressing plate (31); The feeding ring (3), the cutting ring (4), the pressing plate (31), the sliding plate (5) and the installation cavity (2) enclose to form a containing cavity. During cutting, the pressing plate (31) presses the fabric to contract the elastic member (7), and the cutting knife (41) cuts the fabric in the containing cavity through the cutting slit (61).

2. The shredding device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 1, wherein, The cutting knife (41) is hinged to the cutting ring (4), the cutting knife (41) rotates to the right after being subjected to the resistance of the fabric, a torsion spring is arranged between the cutting knife (41) and the cutting ring (4), the torsion spring makes the cutting knife (41) perpendicular to the tangent of the cutting ring (4) in the natural state, and a limiting block (42) is arranged at the hinge of the cutting knife (41) and the cutting ring (4) to make the cutting knife (41) perpendicular to the tangent of the cutting ring (4).

3. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, A telescopic block (62) is arranged on the side of the pressing plate (31) facing the fabric, the telescopic block (62) is arranged between adjacent cutting slits (61), and the telescopic block (62) contracts into the pressing plate (31) in the left - right direction; a telescopic block (62) is arranged on the side of the sliding plate (5) facing the fabric, the telescopic block (62) is arranged between adjacent cutting slits (61), and the telescopic block (62) contracts into the sliding plate (5) in the left - right direction.

4. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the feeding ring (3) close to the feeding port protrudes from the cutting ring (4), and before cutting, the fabric is located on the upper end face of the protruding section of the feeding ring (3).

5. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic member (7) includes two guide rods (71) and a spring (72), the two guide rods (71) are respectively horizontally arranged on the front and rear side walls of the installation cavity (2), the spring (72) is sleeved on the guide rod (71), and the spring (72) contracts to limit the movement of the sliding plate (5) when the sliding plate (5) slides to the left.

6. The crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 5, characterized in that, A sliding sleeve (73) is arranged on the guide rod (71), the sliding sleeve (73) abuts against the end of the spring (72) far from the sliding plate (5), and the initial elastic potential energy of the spring (72) is adjusted through the sliding sleeve (73).

7. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 4, characterized in that, A blanking port for blanking is formed at the left ends of the feeding ring (3) and the cutting ring (4), and one end of the cutting ring (4) close to the blanking port protrudes from the feeding ring (3).

8. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading ring (3) is arranged in a chain plate structure, and the extrusion block is arranged perpendicular to the chain plate of the loading ring (3); the cutting ring (4) is arranged in a chain plate structure, and the cutting knife (41) is hinged on the chain plate of the cutting ring (4).

9. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic block (62) of the sliding plate (5) is arranged obliquely, and the telescopic block (62) is inclined from top to bottom and leftward.

10. A crushing device for recycling waste fabrics according to claim 9, characterized in that, A plurality of rollers (63) are arranged on the inclined surface of the telescopic block (62). The rollers (63) are arranged in the front-back direction, and the plurality of rollers (63) are arranged in the up-down direction on the inclined surface of the telescopic block (62).

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