Method for gradually separating stacked books and unstacker

Abstract

The invention provides a method for gradually separating stacked books and an unstacker, and the method comprises the following steps: respectively moving a book pushing plate and a book receiving disc to two sides of the uppermost layer of the stacked books, controlling the book pushing plate to push the uppermost book, enabling the uppermost book to fall into the opposite book receiving disc, and then entering the next process. A servo motor and other machines are adopted in the unstacker to automatically achieve the method. Stacking and unstacking are automatically completed through mechanical equipment, and stacked books are automatically and efficiently unstacked, so that the production efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, and the automation level of the whole production process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for gradually separating stacked books and a depalletizer. Background Art

[0002] In modern logistics and production processes, especially in industries such as printing and book publishing, handling and transferring packaged books is a frequent and important work link. Currently, after the books are packed in small bundles, usually robots or manual labor are used to stack the packaged books for convenient storage and subsequent transportation.

[0003] However, during depalletizing, only manual labor can be relied on to lift the stacked books one stack at a time from the stack and then place them into the next process. This manual depalletizing method has many drawbacks: on the one hand, the labor intensity of manual depalletizing is extremely high. Workers need to repeatedly bend down and raise their hands for a long time, which not only consumes a large amount of physical strength but also easily causes physical fatigue, and then leads to occupational diseases in body parts such as the waist and shoulders, seriously affecting the physical health of workers. On the other hand, the efficiency of manual depalletizing is extremely low, greatly restricting the progress of the entire production process and making it difficult to meet the growing production demand. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiency that current manual depalletizing is difficult to meet the growing production demand, the present invention provides a method for gradually separating stacked books and a depalletizer, which can automatically and efficiently depalletize the stacked books to improve production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and enhance the automation level of the entire production process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its technical purpose is: a method for gradually separating stacked books, including the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Move the book receiving mechanism to one side of the stack and run the book receiving tray to the height where the books to be conveyed are located;

[0007] Step 2: Move the book pushing mechanism to the other side of the stack, opposite to the book receiving mechanism, and move the book pushing plate to the height where the books to be pushed are located;

[0008] Step 3: The book pushing plate pushes the books, so that the top layer of books in the stack slides row by row onto the opposite book receiving tray;

[0009] Step 4: Send the books on the book receiving tray to the next process.

[0010] Further, in the above method for gradually separating stacked books: after the upper layer of books in the stack is pushed to the next process, the padding board on the stack becomes empty, and it further includes the step of using a suction cup to take out and move away the used padding board.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above method for gradually separating the books stacked into piles, the step 1 comprises:

[0012] Step 101. The book receiving mechanism moves the book receiving tray to the height where the books need to be transported;

[0013] Step 102: Push the book receiving tray to shorten the distance from the stacked books.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above method for gradually separating the stacked books, step 2 comprises:

[0015] Step 201: Use the lifting mechanism to drive the book push plate to rise along the linear guide rail to reach the height where the book is pushed;

[0016] Step 202: The book pushing board extends forward horizontally at a stable speed to push the book away from the book stack;

[0017] Step 203: the book pushing board returns to its original position and descends to the height of the next layer of books, and the above book pushing process is repeated to continue to gradually split the entire stack of books.

[0018] The present invention also includes a destacker for realizing the above-mentioned method of gradually separating the books stacked into a pile, which gradually separates the books stacked into a pile, and comprises a frame, a book pushing mechanism and a book receiving mechanism;

[0019] The frame includes a support frame that provides an installation foundation for the book pushing mechanism and the book receiving mechanism to ensure the stability and structural strength of the equipment, a pallet support plate that limits the position of the pallet in the frame to prevent the pallet from shifting during the feeding process, and a pallet positioning strip that accurately positions the pallet to ensure that the pallet is accurately stacked into the specified position;

[0020] The book pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the support frame, and comprises a book pushing board for pushing outward the books arranged on the top of the stack in the tray;

[0021] The book receiving mechanism is arranged at the other side of the supporting frame, receives the stacked books pushed out by the book pushing mechanism, and transmits them to the book receiving tray of the next process.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned depalletizer: the book pushing mechanism includes a book pushing lifting component that pushes the book pushing board upward to make it reach the top layer of the stack and a book pushing board component that drives the book pushing board to push the books on the top layer of the stack.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned depalletizer: the book pushing and lifting assembly includes a lifting servo motor and a lifting mechanism, and the lifting servo motor drives the lifting mechanism to accurately lift the book pushing plate to the top layer of books on the stack.

[0024] Further, in the above-mentioned palletizer: the book pushing plate assembly includes a book pushing servo motor and a horizontal pushing mechanism; the book pushing servo motor drives the horizontal pushing mechanism to drive the book pushing plate to push the books at the top of the pallet outwards.

[0025] Further, in the above-mentioned palletizer: it further includes a suction cup assembly for taking out the pallets used for each layer of the pallet and moving them outside the machine.

[0026] Further, in the above-mentioned palletizer: in the book receiving mechanism, the book receiving tray is a roller assembly for moving the received books to the next process;

[0027] The book receiving mechanism further includes a roller lifting assembly for driving the roller assembly to lift up and down.

[0028] The present invention automatically completes the pallet depalletizing by mechanical equipment, automatically and efficiently depalletizes the palletized books, so as to improve production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and enhance the automation level of the entire production process.

[0029] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Attached Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the depalletizer of the present invention;

[0031] Attached Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the depalletizer frame of the present invention;

[0032] Attached Figure 3 is the book pushing and lifting assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Attached Figure 4 is the roller lifting assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Attached Figure 5 is the structure diagram of the book pushing plate assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Attached Figure 6 is the structure diagram of the suction cup assembly of the depalletizing equipment of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Attached Figure 7 is the structure diagram of the book receiving tray of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Attached Figure 8 is the method for gradually separating the stacked books of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Attached Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the book pushing and sending process of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Attached Figure 10 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0040] This embodiment is a palletizer that gradually separates stacked books, such as Figure 1 shown. The disassembling machine includes a frame 1, a book-pushing mechanism 2, and a book-receiving mechanism 3;

[0041] The frame 1, as shown Figure 2 shown, includes a support frame 1-1 that provides an installation foundation for the book-pushing mechanism 2 and the book-receiving mechanism 3, ensuring the stability and structural strength of the equipment, a pallet backstop 1-2 that limits the position of the pallet within the frame to prevent the pallet from shifting during the feeding process, and a pallet positioning strip 1-3 that precisely positions the pallet to ensure accurate stacking into the designated position.

[0042] In this embodiment, the frame 1 includes a frame body 1-1, a pallet backstop 1-2, and a pallet positioning strip 1-3. The frame body 1-1 serves as the support frame of the entire palletizer, providing an installation foundation for other mechanisms and ensuring the stability and structural strength of the equipment. The pallet backstop 1-2 is used to limit the position of the pallet within the frame to prevent the pallet from shifting during the feeding process. The pallet positioning strip 1-3 further precisely positions the pallet to ensure that the product can accurately enter the designated position, providing precise starting conditions for subsequent palletizing operations.

[0043] The book-pushing mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the support frame 1-1 and includes a book-pushing plate that pushes the books on the top of the stack in the pallet outwards.

[0044] The book-pushing mechanism 2 includes a book-pushing lifting assembly 2-1 that pushes the book-pushing plate upwards to reach the top layer of the stack and a book-pushing plate assembly 2-2 that drives the book-pushing plate to push the books on the top layer of the stack.

[0045] As shown Figure 3 shown: The book-pushing lifting assembly 2-1 is driven by a servo motor 2-1-1 to drive a lifting mechanism 2-1-2. The lifting servo motor 2-1-1 drives the lifting mechanism 2-1-2 to precisely lift the book-pushing plate to the position of the books on the top layer of the stack. In this embodiment, there are many types of lifting mechanisms 2-1-2 that enable the device to move up and down. For example, a ball screw can achieve up and down movement. The servo motor 2-1-1 can precisely control the movement speed and position to ensure that the book-pushing plate assembly 2-1 accurately reaches the book-pushing position of each layer of books. The lifting mechanism 2-1-2 uses a ball screw as shown Figure 3As shown, in the lifting mechanism 2-1-2, the ball screw is driven by a chain 2-1-3 to rotate, realizing the lifting movement of the mechanism. In this embodiment, since electrical equipment such as cylinders and motors are used, these air paths and wires are arranged in the drag chain groove 2-1-4. The main function of the horizontal drag chain groove is to install the drag chain. The function of the drag chain is to facilitate the routing of air paths and wires without affecting the overall layout of the air paths and wires of the equipment. It should be noted that the driving method of this component is not limited to the ball screw. This diverse design provides multiple options for different application scenarios and cost requirements.

[0046] The book pushing plate assembly 2-2 is as Figure 5 shown: It includes a book pushing servo motor 2-2-1 and a horizontal pushing mechanism 2-2-2; the book pushing servo motor 2-2-1 drives the horizontal pushing mechanism 2-2-2 to drive the book pushing plate 2-2-4 to push the books at the top of the pallet outwards.

[0047] The book pushing plate assembly 2-2 is driven by the book pushing servo motor 2-2-1 to drive the horizontal pushing mechanism 2-2-2 to drive the book pushing plate 2-2-4 to push the books at the top of the pallet outwards. The driving horizontal pushing mechanism 2-2-2 includes a driving synchronous belt or chain 2-2-3 to achieve forward and backward movement. By precisely controlling the operation of the servo motor, the book pushing plate 2-2-4 can push out the books row by row. In practical applications, considering different power transmission requirements and mechanical structure adaptability, the horizontal pushing mechanism 2-2-2 can also be replaced with a rack drive. This replaceable design enhances the applicability of this patent under different working conditions.

[0048] As Figure 6 shown, the main function of the suction cup assembly 2-3 is to remove the used pallets on each layer and move them outside the machine to avoid affecting the unstacking of the next layer. The suction cup assembly 2-3 moves in coordination with the book pushing mechanism 2. When the pallets do not need to be sucked, the lifting cylinder 2-3-1 lifts the suction cup 2-3-2, which will not interfere with the unstacking and book pushing operations; when the pallets need to be sucked, the lifting cylinder 2-3-1 lowers the suction cup 2-3-2 to make the suction cup 2-3-2 fully contact with the pallets. After contact, the suction device is turned on. At this time, the suction cup 2-3-2 is lifted to a specified height by the book pushing and lifting mechanism, and then the cross-moving cylinder 2-3-4 of the suction cup 2-3-2 sends the pallets outside the machine. This process realizes the automatic removal of pallets and improves the unstacking efficiency.

[0049] In this embodiment, the receiving tray in the book receiving mechanism 3 is a roller assembly 3-2 that moves the received books to the next process; the roller assembly 3-2 moves up and down under the drive of a roller lifting mechanism 3-1. The roller lifting mechanism 3-1 is as Figure 4As shown, similar to the lifting mechanism in the book-pushing lifting assembly, driven by a drum lifting mechanism motor 3-2-2, the ball screw 3-2-3 rotates to drive the drum assembly 3-2 to slide up and down along a vertical slide rail 3-2-4. Here, the drum lifting mechanism motor 3-2-2 also uses a servo motor, which can accurately stop the drum assembly 3-2 at the set height. At this time, it can just pick up the books sliding down from the top of the stack.

[0050] In this embodiment, the lifting of the drum lifting assembly is similar to the principle of the book-pushing lifting assembly, and it also realizes the up and down movement by driving the ball screw with a servo motor. This driving method can accurately control the height of the drum to adapt to the stacked books of different heights. Similar to the book-pushing lifting assembly, the driving methods driven by chains and racks can also be used for this assembly, and they are all within the scope of patent protection.

[0051] The drum assembly 3-2 is composed of multiple drums 3-2-1, as Figure 7 shown: Its main function is to send the product out of the machine and make it smoothly enter the next process. The drum 3-2-1 can be controlled to extend and retract by a telescopic cylinder 3-2-5. When the drum assembly 3-2 needs to be lifted or lowered, the telescopic cylinder 3-2-5 retracts the drum assembly 3-2 to avoid the drum assembly 3-2 scraping against the books on the tray during the lifting process, protecting the equipment and products from damage. During the waiting book-pushing process, the book-receiving tray assembly 3-2 is extended again to ensure that the unstacked books can stably enter the drum 3-2-1. In addition, considering different material conveying requirements, the book-receiving tray assembly can also replace the drum 3-2-1 with a conveyor belt, providing a flexible choice for different product characteristics and production processes.

[0052] To implement the above method of gradually separating the stacked books, that is, a lifting and book-pushing action, as Figure 10 shown, it includes the following steps:

[0053] A. Manually send the tray loaded with the product into the machine. When the stacked books enter the unstacking machine, the book-pushing lifting assembly beside the book stack immediately starts to operate.

[0054] B. The book-pushing board is in the original position initially. As the equipment starts, the book-pushing lifting assembly drives the book-pushing board assembly to rise or fall along the linear guide rail.

[0055] C. When the book-pushing board assembly reaches the height where the book to be pushed is located, then the book-pushing board assembly starts. The book-pushing board assembly extends horizontally forward at a stable speed, gently and forcefully pushing the book away from the book stack.

[0056] D. After completing the book pushing action, the book pushing plate assembly retracts and returns to its original position. Then, the book pushing lifting assembly drives the book pushing plate assembly to descend to the height of the next layer of books, repeating the above book pushing process to continuously and gradually disassemble the entire stack of books.

[0057] The following is an action of the book receiving roller lifting, as Figure 8 shown, which includes the following steps:

[0058] A. When the book receiving roller mechanism operates, the roller lifting assembly moves the roller body assembly to the height where the books to be conveyed are located and Figure 8 shown.

[0059] B. At this time, the cylinder of the book receiving roller mechanism extends. With the actions of the linear guide rail and the cylinder stroke, the entire roller body assembly is pushed out. At this time, the distance between the roller body assembly and the palletized books is shortened, laying the foundation for the lifting and book pushing action.

[0060] C. After the lifting and book pushing action is completed, the books on the pallet are pushed to the book receiving roller mechanism. At this time, the books on the roller body assembly have been received in place, the cylinder retracts, and the entire roller body assembly moves up or down along the stroke of the linear guide rail to the position where the books are discharged from the device.

[0061] D. When the roller body assembly moves to the book discharging position, the motor operates, driving the roller to rotate through the chain drive to convey the books that have fallen on the roller body assembly.

[0062] In addition, for the action of the suction cup of this embodiment sucking the book padding plate and then pushing the book padding plate out, as Figure 8 shown, it also includes the following steps:

[0063] A. When all the books on a layer of the palletized books have been pushed, the book padding plate will be shown as Figure 9 shown. At this time, in order to complete the pushing of the books on the next layer, the book padding plate needs to be taken out, and it can be taken out by using the suction cup assembly in this device or in a manual form.

[0064] B. When the pushing of the upper layer of books is completed, the book pushing lifting assembly is driven by the rising servo motor 2-1-1 to drive the ball screw, and the suction cup mechanism and the book pushing plate mechanism move in coordination to push the suction cup assembly to the middle of the book padding card board.

[0065] C. When the suction cup assembly is in the exact middle of the book padding plate, the lifting cylinder 2-3-1 extends, and the suction cup 2-3-2 sucks the book padding plate. After the book padding plate is sucked, the lifting cylinder 2-3-1 retracts, and the sucking of the book padding plate is completed.

[0066] D. After the sucking of the book padding plate is completed, the suction cup mechanism is lifted to a specified height through the book pushing lifting mechanism, and then the suction cup transverse movement cylinder extends to send the book padding plate out of the machine.

[0067] Benefits

[0068] As an automated device, the palletizer plays an important role in modern industrial production. Its benefits are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First of all, the palletizer can significantly improve production efficiency. The traditional manual palletizing method is not only slow but also easily restricted by factors such as workers' physical strength and attention. The palletizer can operate efficiently all day long and quickly complete the palletizing task of materials. It is especially suitable for large-volume and continuous production lines, which can greatly shorten the production cycle and improve the overall efficiency. Secondly, the palletizer helps to improve production safety. Automated devices can operate precisely, avoiding dangerous situations such as collisions and falls that may occur in manual palletizing and reducing the incidence of work-related injuries. Finally, the palletizer helps to reduce material losses. During the manual palletizing process, material damage caused by improper operation is inevitable. The palletizer can minimize material losses during palletizing through precise control and improve resource utilization. In summary, the palletizer has significant advantages in improving production efficiency, reducing labor costs, enhancing safety, and reducing material losses. It is an essential device in modern industrial automated production. Moreover, the palletizer is easy to operate, easy to understand, and has an extremely low failure rate, making it more popular among enterprises.

Claims

1. A method for gradually separating stacked books, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Move the book receiving mechanism to the side of the stacking, and move the book receiving tray to the height where the books need to be transported; Step 2: Move the book pushing mechanism to the other side of the stacking, opposite to the book receiving mechanism, and move the book pushing plate to the height where the books are located; Step 3: The book pusher pushes the books so that the top layer of books on the stack slides row by row onto the opposite book receiving tray; Step 4: Send the books on the book receiving tray to the next process.

2. The method for gradually separating stacked books according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the books on the stack are pushed to the next process, the book pad on the stack is vacated, and the process also includes taking out and removing the used book pad with a suction cup.

3. The method for gradually separating stacked books according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1 includes: Step 101. The book receiving mechanism moves the book receiving tray to the height where the books need to be transported; Step 102: Push the book receiving tray to shorten the distance from the stacked books.

4. The method for gradually separating stacked books according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: Step 201: Use the lifting mechanism to drive the book push plate to rise along the linear guide rail to reach the height where the book is pushed; Step 202: The book pushing board extends forward horizontally at a stable speed to push the book away from the book stack; Step 203: the book pushing board returns to its original position and descends to the height of the next layer of books, and the above book pushing process is repeated to continue to gradually split the entire stack of books.

5. A depalletizer that gradually separates books stacked in a pile, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a book pushing mechanism (2) and a book receiving mechanism (3); The frame (1) comprises a support frame (1-1) that provides an installation foundation for the book pushing mechanism (2) and the book receiving mechanism (3) to ensure the stability and structural strength of the equipment, a pallet support plate (1-2) that limits the position of the pallet in the frame to prevent the pallet from shifting during the feeding process, and a pallet positioning card strip (1-3) that accurately positions the pallet and ensures that the pallet is accurately stacked into the specified position; The book pushing mechanism (2) is arranged on one side of the supporting frame (1-1), and comprises a book pushing board for pushing books arranged on the top of the stack in the tray outwards; The book receiving mechanism (3) is arranged on the other side of the supporting frame (1-1), receives the stacked books pushed out by the book pushing mechanism (2), and transfers them to the book receiving tray of the next process.

6. The unstacking machine according to claim 5, wherein: The book pushing mechanism (2) comprises a book pushing lifting component (2-1) for pushing a book pushing board upward to make it reach the top layer of the stack, and a book pushing board component (2-2) for driving the book pushing board to push the books on the top layer of the stack.

7. The depalletizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The book pushing and lifting assembly (2-1) comprises a lifting servo motor (2-1-1) and a lifting mechanism (2-1-2); the lifting servo motor (2-1-1) drives the lifting mechanism (2-1-2) to accurately lift the book pushing plate to the top layer of books on the stack.

8. The depalletizer according to claim 7, wherein: The book pushing board assembly (2-2) comprises a book pushing servo motor (2-2-1) and a horizontal pushing mechanism (2-2-2); the book pushing servo motor (2-2-1) drives the horizontal pushing mechanism (2-2-2) to drive the book pushing board (2-2-4) to push the top stacked books outwards.

9. The unstacking machine according to claim 6, wherein: It also includes a suction cup assembly (2-3) for taking out the used pads of each layer of the pallet and moving them to the outside of the machine.

10. The depalletizer according to claim 5, wherein: In the book receiving mechanism (3), the book receiving tray is a roller assembly (3-2) that moves the received books to the next process; The book receiving mechanism (3) further includes a drum lifting assembly (3-1) for driving the drum assembly (3-2) to move up and down.

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