Functionalized ionic liquid as well as preparation method and application thereof in separation of boron isotope

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of isotope separation, and particularly discloses a functionalized ionic liquid as well as a preparation method and application thereof in separation of boron isotopes. The ionic liquid prepared from halogenated ether, a nitrogen-containing compound and fluorine-containing inorganic salt is used as a complexing agent for boron isotope separation. The ionic liquid has good chemical stability and thermal stability and can be kept stable in the long-time separation process of boron isotopes; the ionic liquid has unique selectivity, has different affinity and complexing stability to 10B and 11B, and is convenient to realize accurate separation of 10B and 11B; the boron isotope separation agent also has excellent solubility and flowability, can fully contact and react with boron isotopes, improves the separation efficiency, reduces equipment blockage and energy consumption, and provides convenient conditions for large-scale industrial boron isotope separation; in addition, the ionic liquid has better environmental friendliness, better meets the development requirements of green chemistry, and has huge application potential in the field of boron isotope separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of isotope separation, and particularly to a functionalized ionic liquid, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof in the separation of boron isotopes. Background Art

[0002] In nature, there are two stable boron isotopes 10 B and 11 B, and their natural abundances are 19.8% and 80.2% respectively. Among them, 10 B has a much higher thermal neutron capture ability than natural boron and 11 B, and can block γ-rays formed by high-period elements. Therefore, high-abundance 10 B is used as a reactor control rod and a thermal neutron shielding material in the nuclear industry. Moreover, high-abundance 10 B also plays a huge role in the treatment of tumors by boron neutron capture therapy in medicine. In addition, 11 B plays an important role as an additive for high-temperature resistant steel, a fuel for thermonuclear reactions, and an electronic etching gas in the semiconductor industry.

[0003] In order to obtain high-abundance boron isotopes from natural boron, many research works have been carried out. At present, the separation methods reported in the literature mainly include: boron trifluoride low-temperature rectification method, chemical exchange rectification method, laser separation method, and chromatography method. The boron trifluoride low-temperature rectification method has extremely high energy consumption during implementation and has been phased out; the laser separation method has high requirements for production equipment and low production efficiency, and is not suitable for large-scale production; chromatography will produce a large amount of waste acid during the elution of boric acid; currently, only the chemical exchange rectification method has achieved industrialization.

[0004] The anisole-boron trifluoride complex chemical exchange rectification method has the advantages of high single-stage separation factor and operation at normal temperature and pressure, and is currently the main method for producing boron isotopes in the world. The anisole-boron trifluoride complex chemical exchange rectification method mainly consists of a complexation tower, a rectification exchange tower, a cracking tower, an anisole impurity removal tower, an anisole drying tower, etc. The anisole-boron trifluoride complex undergoes a chemical exchange reaction with boron trifluoride gas in the rectification exchange tower. After multiple cycles, 10 BF3 is enriched in the liquid-phase complex, 11 BF3 is enriched in the gas phase to achieve the purpose of separation. The enriched 10 anisole complex of BF3 is decomposed into 10 BF3 gas and anisole liquid in the cracking tower. The liquid-phase components are introduced into the top of the complexation tower for the synthesis of the complex, and anisole can be recycled.

[0005] However, the water content of anisole is generally 30 - 50 ppm. In actual production, due to the inevitable presence of trace water, the following side reactions will inevitably occur: at the high temperature in the cracking section, boron trifluoride reacts rapidly with water to form hydrofluoric acid and boric acid; anisole is catalytically decomposed by hydrofluoric acid to form by-products such as phenol, methylphenol, and methylanisole. As the by-products accumulate in the system through circulation, it seriously affects the production process. Moreover, about 3% of the enriched boron isotope still inevitably exists in the anisole - boron trifluoride complex after high-temperature cracking, forming backmixing with the newly added boron trifluoride, resulting in waste of products.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for separating boron isotopes that is efficient, energy-saving, low-cost, and easy for large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems in the existing boron isotope separation methods, such as many side reactions during high-temperature cracking, incomplete cracking, and backmixing, the present invention provides a functionalized ionic liquid, its preparation method, and its application in separating boron isotopes. The ionic liquid prepared from haloether, nitrogen-containing compound, and fluorine-containing inorganic salt is used as a complexing agent for boron isotope separation, effectively solving the above problems, and having extremely important practical significance for promoting the development of boron isotope-related industries.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0009] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a functionalized ionic liquid, the raw materials of which include haloether, nitrogen-containing compound, and fluorine-containing inorganic salt.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the ionic liquid provided by the present invention has no volatility, strong solubility for gases, good thermal stability and chemical stability, does not undergo thermal decomposition or vaporization at high temperatures. At the same time, it also has a relatively high ionic strength and good fluidity, and has broad application prospects in many fields.

[0011] The halogen atoms in the haloether provided by the present invention have strong electronegativity and can form stable coordination bonds with boron atoms; the nitrogen atoms in the nitrogen-containing compound have lone pairs of electrons and can act as electron donors to form complex structures with boron atoms; the fluoride ions in the fluorine-containing inorganic salt have small ionic radii and high electronegativity and can form stable fluoro-boron complexes with boron, such as BF4 - etc. The ionic liquid formed by the synergistic action of such multi-components has powerful and diverse complexing abilities, providing a good foundation for the subsequent separation process; and this ionic liquid shows different affinities and complexing stabilities for 10 B and 11 B, has unique selectivity, and can achieve the separation of 10 B and 11More precise separation to improve the purity and abundance of target isotopes. At the same time, the above functionalized ionic liquid has good chemical stability, enabling it to maintain the stability of the molecular structure for a long time during the boron isotope separation process, avoiding side reactions, ensuring the continuous and stable progress of the separation process, improving the separation efficiency and product quality; the functionalized ionic liquid also has good solubility and can be miscible with boron trifluoride to form a homogeneous system, which is conducive to the full progress of the complexation reaction, improving the separation efficiency, reducing equipment blockage and energy consumption, and providing convenient conditions for large-scale industrial boron isotope separation. In addition, compared with traditional boron isotope separation complexing agents, the ionic liquid prepared from haloethers, nitrogen-containing compounds, and fluorine-containing inorganic salts has better environmental friendliness, conforms to the concept of green chemistry and sustainable development today, and is conducive to the sustainable development of boron isotope separation technology.

[0012] Further, the haloether includes one or more of 2-bromoethyl methyl ether, 2,6-dibromoanisole, 2-bromoanisole, or 2-chloroethyl methyl ether.

[0013] Further, the nitrogen-containing compound includes one or more of 1-methylimidazole, pyridine, or triethylamine.

[0014] Further, the fluorine-containing inorganic salt includes one or more of NaBF4, KPF6, LiFSI, or LiTFSI.

[0015] The ionic liquid prepared from the preferred haloether, nitrogen-containing compound, and fluorine-containing inorganic salt has a strong complexing ability with boron trifluoride and has unique selectivity, enabling precise realization of 10 B and 11 the separation of B, improving the purity and abundance of the separated boron isotope.

[0016] Further, the molar ratio of the nitrogen-containing compound to the haloether is 1:(0.8 - 1.5); the molar ratio of the fluorine-containing inorganic salt to the one with a lower molar content among the nitrogen-containing organic compound and the haloether is (1 - 1.2):1.

[0017] It should be noted that the addition amount of the fluorine-containing inorganic salt is based on the one with a lower molar amount among the nitrogen-containing organic compound and the haloether. If the addition amount of the nitrogen-containing compound is relatively small, the molar ratio of the fluorine-containing inorganic salt to the nitrogen-containing compound is (1 - 1.2):1; if the addition amount of the haloether is relatively small, the molar ratio of the fluorine-containing inorganic salt to the haloether is (1 - 1.2):1.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a preparation method of a functionalized ionic liquid, including the following steps:

[0019] S1. Add nitrogen-containing organic compounds and haloethers into a first organic solvent, mix them evenly, and react at 50 °C to 80 °C for 10 h to 30 h to obtain an ionic liquid intermediate;

[0020] S2. Add the ionic liquid intermediate and fluorine-containing inorganic salts into a second organic solvent, mix them evenly, and react at 20 °C to 40 °C for 30 h to 50 h to obtain a functionalized ionic liquid.

[0021] The preparation method of the functionalized ionic liquid provided by the present invention is simple, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and it is convenient to realize large-scale production and application.

[0022] Further, in S1, the first organic solvent is acetonitrile.

[0023] Further, in S1, the mass of the first organic solvent is 1 to 1.2 times the total mass of the haloether and the nitrogen-containing organic compound.

[0024] Further, in S2, the second organic solvent is acetone.

[0025] Further, in S2, the mass of the second organic solvent is 2.5 to 3 times the total mass of the ionic liquid intermediate and the fluorine-containing inorganic salts.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the above functionalized ionic liquid as a complexing agent in the separation of boron isotopes.

[0027] The ionic liquid prepared from haloethers, nitrogen-containing compounds and fluorine-containing inorganic salts shows excellent advantages in the separation of boron isotopes. This ionic liquid has good chemical stability and thermal stability, can remain stable during the long-term separation process of boron isotopes, and does not undergo side reactions; and this ionic liquid has unique selectivity, and has different affinities and complexing stabilities for 10 B and 11 B, which is convenient for realizing 10 B and 11 The precise separation of B; at the same time, this ionic liquid also has excellent solubility and fluidity, and can circulate and flow smoothly in the separation equipment, fully contact and react with boron isotopes, improve the separation efficiency, reduce equipment blockage and energy consumption, and provide convenient conditions for large-scale industrial separation of boron isotopes; in addition, compared with traditional complexing agents for boron isotope separation, the ionic liquid prepared from haloethers, nitrogen-containing compounds and fluorine-containing inorganic salts has better environmental friendliness, more meets the development requirements of green chemistry, and has great application potential in the field of boron isotope separation.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a boron isotope separation complexing agent, which includes the above functionalized ionic liquid.

[0029] The ionic liquid provided by the present invention can also be used in combination with boron isotope complexing agents commonly used in the art, as long as they are conventional complexing agents that do not have an adverse effect on the ionic liquid. The specific proportion of the combined use can be obtained by those skilled in the art through conventional adjustment, and the present invention does not make special limitations.

[0030] Fifthly, the present invention provides a method for separating boron isotopes by using the above functionalized ionic liquid, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Complex the functionalized ionic liquid with boron trifluoride raw material gas to obtain a complex;

[0032] Carry out chemical exchange on the complex with boron trifluoride gas, 10 BF3 is enriched in the liquid-phase complex, 11 BF3 is enriched in the gaseous BF3;

[0033] Carry out enrichment 10 Crack the liquid-phase complex enriched with 10 BF3 gas.

[0034] The present invention uses a functional ionic liquid to separate boron isotopes, which can adopt a conventional existing separation system in the art, without the need to improve the existing process, has higher applicability, and is convenient for popularization and application.

[0035] It should be noted that the boron trifluoride gas for chemical exchange with the complex can be boron trifluoride raw material or boron trifluoride produced by cracking. In order to further improve the separation efficiency, both the complexation reaction and the chemical exchange reaction are carried out in a gas-liquid countercurrent form, that is, the gas goes up and the liquid goes down for countercurrent contact.

[0036] Furthermore, the purity of the boron trifluoride raw material is above 99.99%, wherein, 10 The abundance of BF3 is not less than 19.2%.

[0037] Furthermore, the temperature of the complexation and chemical exchange is 273K - 298K, and the pressure is normal pressure.

[0038] Furthermore, the temperature of the cracking is 383K - 423K, and the pressure is normal pressure.

[0039] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the functionalized ionic liquid to the boron trifluoride raw material gas is 1:(1 - 1.2).

[0040] It should be noted that in order to further increase the abundance of the separated boron isotope, a cycle is established between the complexation reaction, the chemical exchange reaction and the cracking reaction, so that in boron trifluoride 11 BF3, 10BF3 continuously undergoes complexation, exchange, and cleavage with the ionic liquid, resulting in the enrichment of 11 BF3, 10 BF3 gradually, thereby increasing 11 BF3, 10 the abundance of BF3.

[0041] The present invention prepares a functionalized ionic liquid using a nitrogen-containing compound, a haloether, and a fluorine-containing inorganic salt as raw materials. As a complexing agent for boron isotope separation, it can effectively solve problems such as many side reactions, incomplete cleavage, and backmixing during high-temperature cleavage existing in traditional complexing agents, providing a new idea for boron isotope separation, achieving efficient separation of boron isotopes. The 10 abundance of BF3 obtained by separation can reach more than 95%. In addition, compared with traditional complexing agents, the ionic liquid is environmentally friendly, is not prone to volatilize harmful gases, and has a low risk of pollutant release, meeting the concept of green chemistry and laying a solid foundation for the industrial application of boron isotope separation technology. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram for separating boron isotopes in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the reagents used are all analytical pure commercially available reagents. Unless otherwise specified, the following experimental methods and detection methods are all existing experimental methods and detection methods.

[0045] To better illustrate the present invention, further examples are given below through embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of a functionalized ionic liquid, specifically including the following steps:

[0048] S1, Mix pyridine and 2-bromoethyl methyl ether in a molar ratio of 1:1.1, add them to acetonitrile to dissolve, the mass of acetonitrile is 1.2 times the total mass of 1-methylimidazole and 2-bromoethyl methyl ether, mix evenly, react at 60°C for 24h, evaporate under reduced pressure to constant weight at 60°C and 30 kPa, add ethyl acetate to wash away surface impurities, filter, and obtain an ionic liquid intermediate;

[0049] S2, Add 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and NaBF4 into acetone according to a molar ratio of 1:1. The mass of acetone is 2.5 times the total mass of 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and potassium tetrafluoroborate. Mix them evenly, react at 30 °C for 48 h, filter, evaporate the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight, then add ethyl acetate for extraction, and evaporate the extract under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight to obtain the functionalized ionic liquid.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of a functionalized ionic liquid, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] S1, Mix 1-methylimidazole and 2-chloroethyl methyl ether according to a molar ratio of 1:1.2, add them into acetonitrile to dissolve. The mass of acetonitrile is 1.1 times the total mass of 1-methylimidazole and 2-bromoethyl methyl ether. Mix them evenly, react at 50 °C for 30 h, evaporate under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight, add ethyl acetate to wash away surface impurities, filter to obtain the ionic liquid intermediate;

[0053] S2, Add 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and KPF6 into acetone according to a molar ratio of 1:1. The mass of acetone is 2.7 times the total mass of 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and potassium hexafluorophosphate. Mix them evenly, react at 40 °C for 30 h, filter, evaporate the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight, then add ethyl acetate for extraction, and evaporate the extract under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight to obtain the functionalized ionic liquid.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] An embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of a functionalized ionic liquid, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, Mix triethylamine and 2-bromoanisole according to a molar ratio of 1.2:1, add them into acetonitrile to dissolve. The mass of acetonitrile is 1.2 times the total mass of 1-methylimidazole and 2-bromoethyl methyl ether. Mix them evenly, react at 80 °C for 10 h, evaporate under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight, add ethyl acetate to wash away surface impurities, filter to obtain the ionic liquid intermediate;

[0057] S2. Add 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and LiFSI into acetone at a molar ratio of 1:1. The mass of acetone is 3 times the total mass of 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and LiFSI. Mix them evenly and react at 20 °C for 50 h. Then filter. Evaporate the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight. Then add ethyl acetate for extraction. Evaporate the extract under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight to obtain the functionalized ionic liquid.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] S1. Mix triethylamine and 2,6-dibromoanisole at a molar ratio of 1:1.5 and add them into acetonitrile to dissolve. The mass of acetonitrile is 1 times the total mass of 1-methylimidazole and 2-bromoethyl methyl ether. Mix them evenly and react at 70 °C for 15 h. Evaporate under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight. Add ethyl acetate to wash away surface impurities and then filter to obtain the ionic liquid intermediate.

[0060] S2. Add 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and LiTFSI into acetone at a molar ratio of 1:1. The mass of acetone is 2.6 times the total mass of 1-methyl-3-methoxyethylimidazolium salt and LiTFSI. Mix them evenly and react at 25 °C for 40 h. Then filter. Evaporate the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight. Then add ethyl acetate for extraction. Evaporate the extract under reduced pressure at 60 °C and 30 kPa until constant weight to obtain the functionalized ionic liquid.

[0061] Application Example

[0062] Reference Figure 1 , Use the functionalized ionic liquids prepared in Examples 1 to 4 for boron isotope separation. The whole technological process is divided into three parts: complexation, chemical exchange, and cracking. Among them, the length of the complexation tower is 30 m, the length of the cracking tower is 2 m, and the inner diameters are both 450 mm. Both the complexation tower and the cracking tower are perforated towers, and the exchange tower is filled with 3 m × 3 m Raschig ring stainless steel packing.

[0063] The functionalized ionic liquid enters from the top of the complexation tower, and the boron trifluoride feed gas enters from the top of the exchange tower. The feed flow rate is 20 L / min. Adjust the flow rate of the ionic liquid to keep the internal pressure of the exchange tower stable at about 0.13 MPa. The ionic liquid contacts the boron trifluoride feed gas reversely in the complexation tower for complexation. The temperature of the complexation tower is controlled at 15 ± 2 °C. When the feed molar ratio of the ionic liquid to the boron trifluoride feed gas is 1:1 and the total feed amount is 15 kg, stop feeding. The complex enters the exchange tower from the top of the exchange tower after condensation and undergoes an exchange reaction with the boron trifluoride feed gas. The temperature of the exchange tower is controlled at 25 °C ± 2 °C. The complex that has completed the exchange reaction enters the cracking tower for cracking after heat exchange. The flow rate of the complex is 40 L / min. The temperature inside the cracking tower is controlled at 120 °C. The boron trifluoride gas generated by cracking enters the exchange tower from the bottom of the exchange tower and continues to undergo an exchange reaction with the complex. The 11 BF3 enriched in the gaseous BF3 enters the complexation tower from the bottom of the complexation tower. At the same time, the cracked ionic liquid is heat-exchanged to 20 °C and then recycled back into the complexation tower (flow rate 40 L / min) to continue 11 complex with the gaseous phase of enriched 10 BF3. Cycle for 72 h in this way, and sample 11 BF3 on the pipelines of the exchange tower and the cracking tower, and sample 10 BF3 on the pipelines of the complexation tower and the exchange tower. Keep the amount of the complex liquid descending in the complexation tower constant, adjust the sampling amount of the 11 BF3 product in the cracking tower to make the reflux ratio reach 220. Adjust the sampling amount of the

[0064] BF3 product at the bottom of the complexation tower to make the reflux ratio reach 55. 10 The abundance of the BF3 product separated with the ionic liquids prepared in Examples 1 - 4 as complexing agents can reach 95.5% - 96.5% as detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] Using anisole as the separation complexing agent, the separation of boron isotopes was carried out according to the method of Application Example 1. After 72 h of cycling, the color of the complex in the complexation tower gradually changed from colorless to brownish-black, and the viscosity increased, seriously affecting the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and the transportation of the liquid.

[0067] The main reason for the analysis is that anisole reacts with boron trifluoride and trace amounts of water at high temperatures to form by-products such as m-methylanisole, p-methylanisole, m-cresol, p-cresol, and phenol. As the cycling time prolongs, more and more by-products are enriched, resulting in the color of the complex becoming brownish-black and the viscosity increasing.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] Using ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate as a separation complexing agent, the separation of boron isotopes was carried out according to the method of Application Example 1. After 72 h of cycling, a BF3 product was obtained. After detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), 10 the abundance of BF3 was only 19.9%, which was very close to the natural abundance of 19.8%, indicating that it could not achieve the separation and enrichment of boron isotopes.

[0070] In summary, the preparation method of the ionic liquid provided by the present invention is simple, green and environmentally friendly, and the prepared ionic liquid can achieve efficient separation of boron isotopes, solve the bottleneck problem of traditional complexing agents, lay a solid foundation for promoting the industrial application of boron isotope separation, and has high potential application value.

[0071] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functionalized ionic liquid, characterized in that, Its raw materials include haloethers, nitrogen-containing compounds and fluorine-containing inorganic salts.

2. The functionalized ionic liquid according to claim 1, wherein The haloethers include one or more of 2-bromoethyl methyl ether, 2,6-dibromoanisole, 2-bromoanisole or 2-chloroethyl methyl ether; and / or The nitrogen-containing compounds include one or more of 1-methylimidazole, pyridine or triethylamine; and / or The fluorine-containing inorganic salts include one or more of NaBF4, KPF6, LiFSI or LiTFSI.

3. The functionalized ionic liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the nitrogen-containing compound to the haloether is 1:(0.8 - 1.5); the molar ratio of the fluorine-containing inorganic salt to the one with the lower molar content among the nitrogen-containing organic compound and the haloether is (1 - 1.2):

1.

4. The preparation method of the functionalized ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1, adding the nitrogen-containing organic compound and the haloether into a first organic solvent, mixing evenly, and reacting at 50°C - 80°C for 10h - 30h to obtain an ionic liquid intermediate; S2, adding the ionic liquid intermediate and the fluorine-containing inorganic salt into a second organic solvent, mixing evenly, and reacting at 20°C - 40°C for 30h - 50h to obtain a functionalized ionic liquid.

5. The preparation method of the functionalized ionic liquid according to claim 4, wherein In S1, the first organic solvent is acetonitrile; and / or In S1, the mass of the first organic solvent is 1 - 1.2 times the total mass of the haloether and the nitrogen-containing organic compound.

6. The preparation method of the functionalized ionic liquid according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S2, the second organic solvent is acetone; and / or In S2, the mass of the second organic solvent is 2.5 - 3 times the total mass of the ionic liquid intermediate and the fluorine-containing inorganic salt.

7. Use of the functionalized ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 - 3 as a complexing agent in the separation of boron isotopes.

8. A boron isotope separation complexing agent, characterized in that, It includes the functionalized ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 - 3.

9. A method for separating boron isotopes using the functionalized ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Complexing the functionalized ionic liquid with boron trifluoride source gas to obtain a complex; Perform a chemical exchange between the complex and boron trifluoride gas, 10 BF3 is enriched in the liquid-phase complex, 11 BF3 is enriched in the gaseous-phase BF3; Enrich 10 The liquid-phase complex of BF3 is pyrolyzed to obtain 10 BF3 gas.

10. The method for separating boron isotopes by using a functionalized ionic liquid as claimed in claim 9, wherein The molar ratio of the functionalized ionic liquid to the boron trifluoride source gas is 1:(1 - 1.2).

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