Energy storage control system and method for sodium ion capacitors

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy storage control system and method for a sodium ion capacitor, relating to the technical field of energy storage control. The method comprises the following steps: collecting energy storage control-related data information of the sodium ion capacitor and performing data preprocessing on the collected information; predicting the local hotspot temperature by collecting current, voltage and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor; when the local hotspot temperature exceeds a set safety threshold during charging and discharging, adjusting the voltage according to preset rules; adaptively adjusting parameter a based on health status and temperature history data, and calculating the charge amount during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method; and updating the charge state of the sodium ion capacitor based on the charge amount integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target charge state. The present invention realizes energy storage control of the sodium ion capacitor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage control, and in particular to an energy storage control system and method for sodium ion capacitors. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy storage demand and the continuous improvement of safety requirements for energy storage equipment, the position of sodium ion capacitor energy storage technology in the energy storage field is becoming increasingly important. As the key to ensuring the stability of sodium ion capacitors, their energy storage control effect is related to the overall performance and safety of the energy storage system.

[0003] However, traditional sodium-ion capacitor energy storage control methods often face the following problems when dealing with complex charging and discharging processes and state-of-charge management: First, data acquisition and processing capabilities are insufficient. Sodium-ion capacitors generate a wealth of electrical and thermal data during the charging and discharging process, and traditional methods rely on only a few sensors to collect limited data. Second, temperature prediction and control accuracy is low. Traditional methods have difficulty predicting local hotspot temperatures within the capacitor. When the temperature is abnormal, the adjustment strategy is simple and crude, and it is unable to fine-tune the charging and discharging parameters according to real-time temperature changes, which can easily cause capacitor overheating and affect its performance and lifespan. In addition, due to the lack of adaptive parameter adjustment and state-of-charge management mechanisms, traditional energy storage control cannot optimize control parameters in real time based on the capacitor's health status and temperature history data. The single state-of-charge calculation and adjustment method cannot meet the energy storage needs under different operating conditions. To address these problems, existing sodium-ion capacitor energy storage control systems, although somewhat automated, lack intelligent real-time monitoring of the complex charging and discharging processes and cannot meet the growing energy storage and application needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage control system and method for sodium ion capacitors to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for controlling energy storage of a sodium ion capacitor, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Collecting data related to energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and performing data preprocessing on the collected information;

[0007] The local hotspot temperature is predicted by collecting the current, voltage and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds the set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to the preset rules;

[0008] Based on the health status and temperature history data, the parameter a is adaptively adjusted, and the charge amount during the charging and discharging process is calculated using the trapezoidal integration method;

[0009] The state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated based on the charge integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge.

[0010] Collecting data information related to energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and performing data preprocessing on the collected information. The specific steps include:

[0011] The voltage data of the sodium ion capacitor is collected through the voltage sensor; the current data of the sodium ion capacitor is collected through the current sensor; and the temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor is monitored using the NTC array;

[0012] Calculate the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor using the following formula:

[0013] SOC init =(V cell -V min ) / (V max -V min )*100%;

[0014] Among them, SOC init Represents the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor, V cell Indicates the real-time voltage of the sodium ion capacitor, V min Indicates the minimum operating voltage of the sodium ion capacitor, V max Indicates the maximum safe voltage of sodium ion capacitors;

[0015] Acquire data related to sodium ion capacitor energy storage control through sensors, clean and pre-process the acquired data related to sodium ion capacitor energy storage control, standardize the data format, and store all data in a unified database table structure;

[0016] The Min-Max normalization algorithm is used to process the acquired data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and uniformly map the data to the [0,1] interval;

[0017] The cleaned data of each stage are grouped into data sets, denoted as {x1, x2, ..., xn}, where x1, x2, ..., xn represent the 1st, 2nd, ..., nth data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors.

[0018] The local hotspot temperature is predicted by collecting the current, voltage, and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds the set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to the preset rules. The specific steps include:

[0019] By acquiring real-time sodium ion capacitor charge and discharge current, voltage, and surface temperature data, local hotspot temperature is predicted based on a thermal-electric coupling model.

[0020] During the discharge phase, when it is detected that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the derating discharge strategy is triggered, and the discharge current is gradually reduced by b times for every 1°C increase in temperature. During the charging process after the discharge is completed, the remaining capacity is maintained at a times the initial charge state, and the local hotspot temperature is monitored during the charging process. When it is detected that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the charging cut-off voltage is dynamically adjusted through closed-loop feedback control using the PID regulation control algorithm. Among them, the a value is adaptively adjusted according to the health status SOH and temperature historical data, the safety threshold is set based on historical data, and b represents the set discharge ratio.

[0021] Based on the health status and temperature history data, the parameter a is adaptively adjusted, and the charge amount during the charging and discharging process is calculated using the trapezoidal integration method. The specific steps include:

[0022] The parameter a is adaptively adjusted based on the health status SOH and temperature history data, and is defined as follows: a=a0-k*(1-SOH)-m*(T1-T ref ); where a0 represents the initial capacity retention coefficient, k represents the SOH attenuation compensation coefficient, SOH represents the health status quantified by the ratio of the current actual capacity to the factory nominal value, T ref It represents the reference temperature when calibrating a0, and m represents the temperature compensation coefficient;

[0023] According to the obtained charging and discharging current of the sodium ion capacitor during the charging and discharging process, the integration time interval is set to 1 second, and the trapezoidal integration method is used to calculate the integral of the current over time from the start of charging to the current moment to obtain the amount of charge charged into the sodium ion capacitor, which is recorded as Q1; during the discharge process, the absolute value of the discharge current is integrated to obtain the amount of charge discharged, which is recorded as Q2.

[0024] Based on the charge integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge, the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated. The specific steps include:

[0025] The formula for calculating the state of charge during discharge is as follows: soc2=soc prec -Q2 / (η discharge *C)*100%; where soc2 represents the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during discharge, soc prec Indicates the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor, C represents the actual charge of the sodium ion capacitor, η discharge represents the discharge Coulomb efficiency;

[0026] The state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated according to the integral result of the charge amount. The state of charge calculation formula of the sodium ion capacitor during charging is as follows: soc1=soc2+η charge*Q1 / C*100%; where soc1 represents the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during charging, η charge represents the charging coulombic efficiency;

[0027] The charge state of the sodium ion capacitor after current charge and discharge is adjusted so that the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor is maintained at a times of the initial charge state.

[0028] A sodium ion capacitor energy storage control system comprises: a data acquisition module, a temperature monitoring and control module, a parameter adjustment module, and a state of charge management module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data information related to energy storage control of the sodium ion capacitor and perform data preprocessing on the collected information. The temperature monitoring and control module is used to predict the local hotspot temperature by collecting current, voltage, and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds a set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to preset rules. The parameter adjustment module is used to adaptively adjust parameter a based on health status and temperature history data, and calculate the charge during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method. The state of charge management module is used to update the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor based on the charge integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge. The output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the temperature monitoring and control module, the output end of the temperature monitoring and control module is connected to the input end of the parameter adjustment module, and the output end of the parameter adjustment module is connected to the input end of the state of charge management module.

[0029] The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition unit, an initial state of charge calculation unit, a preprocessing unit and a data set construction unit; the data acquisition unit is used to collect sodium ion capacitor voltage data through a voltage sensor; collect sodium ion capacitor current data through a current sensor; and use an NTC array to monitor sodium ion capacitor temperature data; the initial state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor; the preprocessing unit is used to clean, standardize and store the acquired data, and process the data using a Min-Max normalization algorithm; and the data set construction unit is used to form a data set from the cleaned data.

[0030] The temperature monitoring and control module includes a local hotspot temperature prediction unit, a discharge control unit and a charging control unit; the local hotspot temperature prediction unit is used to predict the local hotspot temperature based on a thermal-electric coupling model using real-time charge and discharge current, voltage and surface temperature data; the discharge control unit is used to trigger a derating discharge strategy when it is monitored that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold during the discharge phase, and gradually reduce the discharge current by b times for every 1°C of excess temperature, where b represents the set discharge ratio and the safety threshold is set based on historical data; the charging control unit is used to maintain the remaining capacity at a times the initial state of charge during the charging process after the discharge is completed, monitor the local hotspot temperature during the charging process, and when it is monitored that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, dynamically adjust the charging cut-off voltage through closed-loop feedback control using a PID regulation control algorithm, where the a value is adaptively adjusted based on the health state SOH and temperature historical data.

[0031] The parameter adjustment module includes a parameter adjustment unit and a charge calculation unit; the parameter adjustment unit is used to adaptively adjust parameters based on the health status SOH and temperature history data; the charge calculation unit is used to calculate the charge during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method with an integration time interval of 1 second.

[0032] The state of charge management module includes a discharge state of charge calculation unit, a charging state of charge calculation unit and a capacity adjustment unit; the discharge state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the discharge state of charge; the charging state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the charging state of charge; the capacity adjustment unit is used to maintain the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor at a times the initial state of charge based on the current state of charge after charging and discharging.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention constructs a dynamic adjustment model based on capacitor health status and state of charge feedback. It combines real-time monitoring data with the energy storage control process mechanism to adaptively adjust operating parameters such as charging cut-off voltage and discharge current. Unlike the fixed parameter or manual experience-based adjustment methods in the existing technology, the present invention optimizes control parameters according to the real-time operating status of the capacitor and dynamically adjusts the energy storage control strategy.

[0035] 2. Through multi-sensor fusion, real-time data of multiple parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature of sodium-ion capacitors during the charging and discharging process are collected. Combined with the thermal-electric coupling model and parameter adaptive adjustment algorithm, the correlation between each control link is dynamically quantified to achieve a comprehensive evaluation of the entire process from data collection, temperature prediction, parameter adjustment to charge state management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1A schematic flow chart of an energy storage control method for a sodium ion capacitor according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage control system for sodium ion capacitors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the embodiment: Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a method for controlling energy storage of a sodium ion capacitor, the method comprising the following steps:

[0040] Collecting data related to energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and performing data preprocessing on the collected information;

[0041] The local hotspot temperature is predicted by collecting the current, voltage and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds the set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to the preset rules;

[0042] Based on the health status and temperature history data, the parameter a is adaptively adjusted, and the charge amount during the charging and discharging process is calculated using the trapezoidal integration method;

[0043] The state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated based on the charge integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge.

[0044] Collecting data information related to energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and performing data preprocessing on the collected information. The specific steps include:

[0045] The voltage data of the sodium ion capacitor is collected through the voltage sensor; the current data of the sodium ion capacitor is collected through the current sensor; and the temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor is monitored using the NTC array;

[0046] Calculate the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor using the following formula:

[0047] SOC init =(V cell -V min ) / (V max -V min )*100%;

[0048] Among them, SOCinit Represents the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor, V cell Indicates the real-time voltage of the sodium ion capacitor, V min Indicates the minimum operating voltage of the sodium ion capacitor, V max Indicates the maximum safe voltage of sodium ion capacitors;

[0049] Acquire data related to sodium ion capacitor energy storage control through sensors, clean and pre-process the acquired data related to sodium ion capacitor energy storage control, standardize the data format, and store all data in a unified database table structure;

[0050] The Min-Max normalization algorithm is used to process the acquired data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and uniformly map the data to the [0,1] interval;

[0051] The cleaned data of each stage are grouped into data sets, denoted as {x1, x2, ..., xn}, where x1, x2, ..., xn represent the 1st, 2nd, ..., nth data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors.

[0052] Specifically, a sodium ion capacitor with a rated capacity of C=100Ah is selected, and its minimum operating voltage V min =2.0V, maximum safe voltage V max =4.0V, equipped with a voltage sensor, current sensor and NTC array. The voltage sensor collects capacitor voltage data, the current sensor collects current data, and the NTC array monitors temperature data. The collection frequency is set to 10 times per second. At an ambient temperature of 25°C, the real-time voltage of the sodium ion capacitor is 3.5V. According to the formula, the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is determined to be 75%, and the discharge current is -10A.

[0053] The collected data is cleaned to remove outliers (instantaneous current spikes), the data format is standardized, and then stored in a unified database table structure. The Min-Max normalization algorithm is used to process the acquired data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors, and the data is uniformly mapped to the [0,1] interval. The cleaned data is formed into a data set.

[0054] The local hotspot temperature is predicted by collecting the current, voltage, and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds the set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to the preset rules. The specific steps include:

[0055] By acquiring real-time sodium ion capacitor charge and discharge current, voltage, and surface temperature data, local hotspot temperature is predicted based on a thermal-electric coupling model.

[0056] During the discharge phase, when it is detected that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the derating discharge strategy is triggered, and the discharge current is gradually reduced by b times for every 1°C increase in temperature. During the charging process after the discharge is completed, the remaining capacity is maintained at a times the initial charge state, and the local hotspot temperature is monitored during the charging process. When it is detected that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the charging cut-off voltage is dynamically adjusted through closed-loop feedback control using the PID regulation control algorithm. Among them, the a value is adaptively adjusted according to the health status SOH and temperature historical data, the safety threshold is set based on historical data, and b represents the set discharge ratio.

[0057] Specifically, given a thermal resistance of 0.1°C / W, a real-time internal resistance of 0.05Ω, and a surface temperature of 30°C, the local hotspot temperature in the sodium ion capacitor is calculated to be 30.5°C based on the thermal-electric coupling model.

[0058] During the discharge process, the discharge ratio b is set to 0.1, and the local hotspot temperature safety threshold is determined to be 40°C based on historical data. When the local hotspot temperature is monitored to exceed the safety threshold of 40°C, the derating discharge strategy is triggered, and the discharge current is gradually reduced by 0.1 for every 1°C of excess temperature.

[0059] Based on the health status and temperature history data, the parameter a is adaptively adjusted, and the charge amount during the charging and discharging process is calculated using the trapezoidal integration method. The specific steps include:

[0060] The parameter a is adaptively adjusted based on the health status SOH and temperature history data, and is defined as follows: a=a0-k*(1-SOH)-m*(T1-T ref ); where a0 represents the initial capacity retention coefficient, k represents the SOH attenuation compensation coefficient, SOH represents the health status quantified by the ratio of the current actual capacity to the factory nominal value, T ref It represents the reference temperature when calibrating a0, and m represents the temperature compensation coefficient;

[0061] According to the obtained charging and discharging current of the sodium ion capacitor during the charging and discharging process, the integration time interval is set to 1 second, and the trapezoidal integration method is used to calculate the integral of the current over time from the start of charging to the current moment to obtain the amount of charge charged into the sodium ion capacitor, which is recorded as Q1; during the discharge process, the absolute value of the discharge current is integrated to obtain the amount of charge discharged, which is recorded as Q2.

[0062] Specifically, the health state of the capacitor is 90%, the initial capacity retention coefficient a0=0.9, the SOH attenuation compensation coefficient k=0.3, the temperature compensation coefficient m=0.02, the reference temperature when calibrating a0 is 25°C, and the data is substituted into the formula to obtain a=0.79. The trapezoidal integration method is used to calculate the charge with an integration time interval of 1 second. During a period of discharge, the discharged charge Q2 is obtained by integration calculation; in the subsequent charging process, from the start of charging to a certain moment, the charged charge Q1 is calculated.

[0063] Based on the charge integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge, the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated. The specific steps include:

[0064] The formula for calculating the state of charge during discharge is as follows: soc2=soc prec -Q2 / (η discharge *C)*100%; where soc2 represents the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during discharge, soc prec Indicates the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor, C represents the actual charge of the sodium ion capacitor, η discharge represents the discharge Coulomb efficiency;

[0065] The state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated according to the integral result of the charge amount. The state of charge calculation formula of the sodium ion capacitor during charging is as follows: soc1=soc2+η charge *Q1 / C*100%; where soc1 represents the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during charging, η charge represents the charging coulombic efficiency;

[0066] Adjust the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor after current charging and discharging so that the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor is maintained at a times the initial state of charge.

[0067] Specifically, it is known that the state of charge before discharge is 75%, the discharge coulomb efficiency is 0.98, and the charging coulomb efficiency is 0.97. According to the formula, the state of charge during discharge is 64.8%. After the discharge is completed, charging is performed, and the state of charge before charging is 64.8%. According to the formula, the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during charging is 79.4%. According to the current state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor after charging and discharging, the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor is adjusted to 0.79 times the initial state of charge.

[0068] A sodium ion capacitor energy storage control system comprises: a data acquisition module, a temperature monitoring and control module, a parameter adjustment module, and a state of charge management module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data information related to energy storage control of the sodium ion capacitor and perform data preprocessing on the collected information. The temperature monitoring and control module is used to predict the local hotspot temperature by collecting current, voltage, and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds a set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to preset rules. The parameter adjustment module is used to adaptively adjust parameter a based on health status and temperature history data, and calculate the charge amount during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method. The state of charge management module is used to update the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor based on the charge amount integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge. The output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the temperature monitoring and control module, the output end of the temperature monitoring and control module is connected to the input end of the parameter adjustment module, and the output end of the parameter adjustment module is connected to the input end of the state of charge management module.

[0069] The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition unit, an initial state of charge calculation unit, a preprocessing unit and a data set construction unit; the data acquisition unit is used to collect sodium ion capacitor voltage data through a voltage sensor; collect sodium ion capacitor current data through a current sensor; and use an NTC array to monitor sodium ion capacitor temperature data; the initial state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor; the preprocessing unit is used to clean, standardize and store the acquired data, and use the Min-Max normalization algorithm to process the data; and the data set construction unit is used to form a data set from the cleaned data.

[0070] The temperature monitoring and control module includes a local hotspot temperature prediction unit, a discharge control unit and a charging control unit; the local hotspot temperature prediction unit is used to predict the local hotspot temperature based on a thermal-electric coupling model using real-time charge and discharge current, voltage and surface temperature data; the discharge control unit is used to trigger a derating discharge strategy when it is monitored that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold during the discharge phase, and gradually reduce the discharge current by b times for every 1°C of excess temperature, where b represents the set discharge ratio and the safety threshold is set based on historical data; the charging control unit is used to maintain the remaining capacity at a times the initial state of charge during the charging process after the discharge is completed, monitor the local hotspot temperature during the charging process, and when it is monitored that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, dynamically adjust the charging cut-off voltage through closed-loop feedback control using a PID regulation control algorithm, where the a value is adaptively adjusted based on the health status SOH and temperature historical data.

[0071] The parameter adjustment module includes a parameter adjustment unit and a charge calculation unit; the parameter adjustment unit is used to adaptively adjust parameters based on the health status SOH and temperature history data; the charge calculation unit is used to calculate the charge during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method with an integration time interval of 1 second.

[0072] The state of charge management module includes a discharge state of charge calculation unit, a charging state of charge calculation unit and a capacity adjustment unit; the discharge state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the discharge state of charge; the charging state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the charging state of charge; the capacity adjustment unit is used to maintain the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor at a times the initial state of charge according to the current state of charge after charging and discharging.

[0073] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A method for controlling energy storage in a sodium ion capacitor, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Collecting data related to energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and performing data preprocessing on the collected information; The local hotspot temperature is predicted by collecting the current, voltage and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds the set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to the preset rules; By acquiring real-time sodium ion capacitor charge and discharge current, voltage, and surface temperature data, local hotspot temperature is predicted based on a thermal-electric coupling model. During the discharge phase, if the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, a derating discharge strategy is triggered. For every 1°C above the safety threshold, the discharge current is gradually reduced by a factor of b. After the discharge is completed, the remaining capacity is maintained at a times the initial state of charge during the charging process. The local hotspot temperature is monitored during the charging process. If the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the charging cut-off voltage is dynamically adjusted through closed-loop feedback control using a PID control algorithm. The a value is adaptively adjusted based on the health status (SOH) and temperature historical data. The safety threshold is set based on historical data, and b represents the set discharge ratio. Based on the health status and temperature history data, the parameter a is adaptively adjusted, and the charge amount during the charging and discharging process is calculated using the trapezoidal integration method; The charge and discharge current of the sodium ion capacitor during the charge and discharge process is integrated, the integration time interval is set to 1 second, and the trapezoidal integration method is used to calculate the integral of the current over time from the start of charging to the current moment to obtain the charge charged into the sodium ion capacitor, which is recorded as Q1; during the discharge process, the absolute value of the discharge current is integrated to obtain the discharged charge, which is recorded as Q2; Based on the charge integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge, the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated; The formula for calculating the state of charge during discharge is as follows: soc2=soc prec -Q2 / (η discharge *C)*100%; where soc2 represents the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during discharge, soc prec Indicates the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor, C represents the actual charge of the sodium ion capacitor, η discharge represents the discharge Coulomb efficiency; The state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor is updated according to the integral result of the charge amount. The state of charge calculation formula of the sodium ion capacitor during charging is as follows: soc1=soc2+η charge *Q1 / C*100%; where soc1 represents the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor during charging, η charge represents the charging coulombic efficiency; The charge state of the sodium ion capacitor after current charge and discharge is adjusted so that the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor is maintained at a times of the initial charge state.

2. The energy storage control method for a sodium ion capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Collecting data information related to energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and performing data preprocessing on the collected information. The specific steps include: The voltage data of the sodium ion capacitor is collected through the voltage sensor; the current data of the sodium ion capacitor is collected through the current sensor; and the temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor is monitored using the NTC array; Calculate the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor using the following formula: SOC init =(V cell -V min ) / (V max -V min )*100%; Among them, SOC init Represents the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor, V cell Indicates the real-time voltage of the sodium ion capacitor, V min Indicates the minimum operating voltage of the sodium ion capacitor, V max Indicates the maximum safe voltage of sodium ion capacitors; Acquire data related to sodium ion capacitor energy storage control through sensors, clean and pre-process the acquired data related to sodium ion capacitor energy storage control, standardize the data format, and store all data in a unified database table structure; The Min-Max normalization algorithm is used to process the acquired data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors and uniformly map the data to the [0,1] interval; The cleaned data of each stage are grouped into data sets, denoted as {x1, x2, ..., xn}, where x1, x2, ..., xn represent the 1st, 2nd, ..., nth data related to the energy storage control of sodium ion capacitors.

3. The energy storage control method for a sodium ion capacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the health status and temperature history data, the parameter a is adaptively adjusted, and the charge amount during the charging and discharging process is calculated using the trapezoidal integration method. The specific steps include: The parameter a is adaptively adjusted based on the health status SOH and temperature history data, and is defined as follows: a=a0-k*(1-SOH)-m*(T1-T ref ); where a0 represents the initial capacity retention coefficient, k represents the SOH attenuation compensation coefficient, SOH represents the health status quantified by the ratio of the current actual capacity to the factory nominal value, T ref It represents the reference temperature when calibrating a0, and m represents the temperature compensation coefficient.

4. An energy storage control system for a sodium ion capacitor, applied to the energy storage control method for a sodium ion capacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The system includes: a data acquisition module, a temperature monitoring and control module, a parameter adjustment module, and a state of charge management module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data information related to energy storage control of the sodium ion capacitor and perform data preprocessing on the collected information. The temperature monitoring and control module is used to predict the local hotspot temperature by collecting current, voltage and surface temperature data of the sodium ion capacitor. When the local hotspot temperature exceeds a set safety threshold during charging and discharging, the voltage is adjusted according to preset rules. The parameter adjustment module is used to adaptively adjust parameter a based on health status and temperature history data, and calculate the charge amount during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method. The state of charge management module is used to update the state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor based on the charge amount integration result during charging and discharging, combined with the correction effect of parameter a on the target state of charge. The output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the temperature monitoring and control module, the output end of the temperature monitoring and control module is connected to the input end of the parameter adjustment module, and the output end of the parameter adjustment module is connected to the input end of the state of charge management module.

5. The energy storage control system for sodium ion capacitors according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition unit, an initial state of charge calculation unit, a preprocessing unit and a data set construction unit; the data acquisition unit is used to collect sodium ion capacitor voltage data through a voltage sensor; Collect sodium ion capacitor current data through a current sensor; Use NTC array to monitor the temperature data of sodium ion capacitors; The initial state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the initial state of charge of the sodium ion capacitor; the preprocessing unit is used to clean, format and store the acquired data, and process the data using a Min-Max normalization algorithm; The data set construction unit is used to form a data set from the cleaned data.

6. The energy storage control system for sodium ion capacitors according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring and control module includes a local hotspot temperature prediction unit, a discharge control unit and a charging control unit; the local hotspot temperature prediction unit is used to predict the local hotspot temperature based on a thermal-electric coupling model using real-time charge and discharge current, voltage and surface temperature data; the discharge control unit is used to trigger a derating discharge strategy when it is monitored that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold during the discharge phase, and gradually reduce the discharge current by a ratio of b times for every 1°C exceeding the safety threshold, where b represents the set discharge ratio and the safety threshold is set based on historical data; the charging control unit is used to maintain the remaining capacity at a times the initial state of charge during the charging process after the discharge is completed, monitor the local hotspot temperature during the charging process, and when it is monitored that the local hotspot temperature exceeds the safety threshold, dynamically adjust the charging cut-off voltage through closed-loop feedback control using a PID regulation control algorithm, where the a value is adaptively adjusted based on the health state SOH and temperature historical data.

7. The energy storage control system for sodium ion capacitors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The parameter adjustment module includes a parameter adjustment unit and a charge calculation unit; the parameter adjustment unit is used to adaptively adjust parameters based on the health status SOH and temperature history data; the charge calculation unit is used to calculate the charge during the charging and discharging process using a trapezoidal integration method with an integration time interval of 1 second.

8. The energy storage control system for sodium ion capacitors according to claim 7, characterized in that: The state of charge management module includes a discharge state of charge calculation unit, a charging state of charge calculation unit and a capacity adjustment unit; the discharge state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the discharge state of charge; the charging state of charge calculation unit is used to calculate the charging state of charge; the capacity adjustment unit is used to maintain the remaining capacity of the sodium ion capacitor at a times the initial state of charge based on the current state of charge after charging and discharging.

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