High-strength wear-resistant brass alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and provides a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy and a preparation method thereof.The preparation raw materials of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy comprise 35-40 wt% of Zn; 1 to 5 wt% of Ni; 1 to 3 weight percent of Mn; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Si; 0.3 to 1 wt% of Pb; and 50 to 60 wt% of Cu. Through the synergistic effect of the elements, the preparation and processing difficulty of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy is reduced, and the prepared high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy has high strength and excellent wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of metallurgical technology, and particularly relates to a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important non-ferrous metal material, brass alloy has been widely used in many fields such as machinery manufacturing, electronic and electrical, shipbuilding industry, and architectural decoration due to its good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and easy processing and forming properties. However, with the rapid development of modern industry, the performance requirements for brass alloy in various industries are becoming increasingly stringent, especially for brass alloy with high strength and high wear resistance, and the market demand is extremely urgent.

[0003] In related technologies, high-strength wear-resistant brass belongs to a kind of multi-element brass. Its tissue characteristic is that the matrix phase is composed of β′ phase and α phase, but in most cases, the content of β′ phase is high and the α phase is only a small amount, which makes its processing difficult. At the same time, taking traditional ordinary brass alloy as an example, due to its limited strength and wear resistance, under the action of large mechanical stress and frequent friction for a long time, the surface of parts is extremely easy to be severely worn, resulting in the loss of dimensional accuracy and finally causing equipment failure. In some copper parts of automobile engines, due to insufficient wear resistance, the service life of parts is far lower than the design expectation, which not only increases the equipment maintenance cost but also reduces the production efficiency. In the field of electronic and electrical, the frequent plugging and unplugging operations of components such as connectors and switches put extremely high requirements on the wear resistance of brass alloy. The contact surface of connectors made of ordinary brass alloy will be worn after multiple plugging and unplugging operations, resulting in an increase in contact resistance, seriously affecting the electrical conductivity of products, and even possibly causing potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the problem of low strength and wear resistance of brass alloy.

[0005] To achieve the above application purpose, the technical scheme adopted in this application is as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy, and the preparation raw materials of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy include the following components:

[0007] Zn, 35 - 40wt%;

[0008] Ni, 1 - 5wt%;

[0009] Mn, 1 - 3wt%;

[0010] Si, 0.5 - 1wt%;

[0011] Pb, 0.3 to 1 wt%;

[0012] Cu, 50 to 60 wt%.

[0013] In the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy provided by this application, 35 - 40 wt% of Zn forms the basic structure of the alloy with Cu, which can improve the processing performance and mechanical properties of the alloy; 1 - 5 wt% of Ni can be dissolved into the Cu matrix, playing a role in solution strengthening, refining the grains, and thus enhancing the strength and hardness of the alloy. At the same time, the addition of Ni element can shift the phase boundary of the Cu-Zn phase diagram to the right, increasing the α-phase region and reducing the difficulty of preparing and processing the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy. That is, when the Zn content in the multi-element brass is 35 - 40 wt%, 1 - 5 wt% of Ni will strengthen the multi-element brass alloy, enabling the strength, dezincification resistance, wear resistance, toughness, and pressure processing performance of the brass alloy to be improved; 1 - 3 wt% of Mn can improve the strength and wear resistance of the brass alloy and enhance its performance in a friction environment; 0.5 - 1 wt% of Si can improve the casting performance of the brass alloy and also has a certain enhancing effect on the strength and hardness of the brass alloy; 0.3 - 1 wt% of Pb can improve the cutting performance and antifriction performance of the brass alloy, making the brass alloy more advantageous in mechanical processing and friction application scenarios. Through the synergistic effect of these elements, the prepared high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy has high strength and excellent wear resistance.

[0014] In some embodiments, the preparation raw materials of the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy include the following components:

[0015] Zn, 35 - 39 wt%;

[0016] Ni, 1 - 4 wt%;

[0017] Mn, 2 - 3 wt%;

[0018] Si, 0.5 - 1 wt%;

[0019] Pb, 0.3 - 1 wt%;

[0020] Cu, 56 - 60 wt%.

[0021] In some embodiments, the ratio of Si to Mn is 1:3.2 - 3.4.

[0022] In a second aspect, this application provides a preparation method based on an elastic alloy preparation method. The preparation method of the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy includes:

[0023] Providing the components of the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy according to any one of the first aspect, melting each component to obtain a brass alloy ingot;

[0024] The brass alloy ingot is post-treated to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0025] The method for preparing a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy provided by this application uniformly mixes each component through melting to form an alloy liquid with uniform composition, laying a foundation for obtaining an alloy ingot with stable performance subsequently; the post-treatment process further improves the microstructure and performance of the alloy, enabling it to meet the usage requirements of high strength and wear resistance. Each step cooperates with each other to ensure that the finally obtained brass alloy has good comprehensive performance.

[0026] In some embodiments, the melting of each component to obtain a brass alloy ingot includes:

[0027] Put Cu into a melting device for melting to obtain a copper melt;

[0028] Sequentially add Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn to the copper melt for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid;

[0029] Pour the brass alloy liquid to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

[0030] In some embodiments, the sequential addition of Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn to the copper melt for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid includes:

[0031] Sequentially add Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper melt for melting. After the elements are melted, keep it warm for 10 minutes to obtain a semi-alloy melt;

[0032] Sequentially add Pb and Zn wrapped in copper foil to the semi-alloy melt for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid.

[0033] In some embodiments, the pouring of the brass alloy liquid to obtain a brass alloy ingot includes:

[0034] Keep the brass alloy liquid warm for 5 minutes, then remove the slag and pour it to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

[0035] In some embodiments, the melting temperature is 1230 - 1240 °C, and the pouring temperature is 1100 - 1150 °C.

[0036] In some embodiments, the post-treatment of the brass alloy ingot to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy includes:

[0037] Hot-extrude the brass alloy ingot to obtain a first brass alloy;

[0038] Cold-draw the first brass alloy to obtain a second brass alloy;

[0039] The second brass alloy is solution-treated to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy;

[0040] The semi-finished brass alloy is age-treated to obtain a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0041] In some embodiments, the hot extrusion of the brass alloy ingot to obtain the first brass alloy includes:

[0042] The brass alloy ingot is hot-extruded in an environment with an extrusion rate of 35 - 50 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 520 - 580 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa to obtain the first brass alloy; wherein, the extrusion deformation of the first brass alloy is controlled within 85 - 90%.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cold drawing of the first brass alloy to obtain the second brass alloy includes:

[0044] The first brass alloy is drawn at a drawing speed of 0.2 - 0.7 mm / s to obtain the second brass alloy; wherein, the drawing deformation of the second brass alloy is controlled within 40 - 44%.

[0045] In some embodiments, the solution treatment of the second brass alloy to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy includes:

[0046] The second brass alloy is held at a solution temperature of 530 - 750 °C for 20 min to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0047] In some embodiments, the age treatment of the semi-finished brass alloy to obtain a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy includes:

[0048] The semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing device at a temperature of 350 - 550 °C, held for 1 - 2 h, taken out and air-cooled to room temperature and then pickled to obtain a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0049] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specifically gives the specific embodiments of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of step S100 of the method for preparing a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of step S200 of the method for preparing a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer and more understandable, the following further details the present application in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0055] In the present application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0056] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "At least one (item)" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item (item) or plural items (items). For example, "at least one (item) of a, b, or c", or, "at least one (item) of a, b, and c" can both represent: a, b, c, a - b (i.e., a and b), a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple respectively.

[0057] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution. Some or all steps can be executed in parallel or successively. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0059] The weight of the relevant components mentioned in the specification of the embodiments of the present application may not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship of the weights between the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components in the specification of the embodiments of the present application is enlarged or reduced in proportion, it is within the scope disclosed in the specification of the embodiments of the present application. Specifically, the mass described in the specification of the embodiments of the present application may be mass units well-known in the chemical industry such as μg, mg, g, kg, etc.

[0060] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes to distinguish objects such as substances from each other, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first XX may also be referred to as the second XX, and similarly, the second XX may also be referred to as the first XX. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0061] As an important non-ferrous metal material, brass alloy has been widely used in many fields such as mechanical manufacturing, electronics and electrical engineering, shipbuilding industry, and architectural decoration due to its good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and easy processing and forming characteristics. However, with the rapid development of modern industry, the performance requirements for brass alloy in various industries are becoming increasingly stringent, especially for brass alloy with high strength and high wear resistance, and the market demand is extremely urgent.

[0062] In the related art, brass alloy is often used to manufacture key components with high load and high friction such as gears, bushings, and sliders. Taking traditional ordinary brass alloy as an example, due to its limited strength and wear resistance, under the action of large mechanical stress and frequent friction for a long time, the surface of the components is extremely prone to severe wear, resulting in the loss of dimensional accuracy and ultimately leading to equipment failure. In some copper components of automobile engines, due to insufficient wear resistance, the service life of the components is much lower than the design expectation, which not only increases the equipment maintenance cost but also reduces the production efficiency. In the field of electronics and electrical engineering, the frequent plugging and unplugging operations of components such as connectors and switches pose extremely high requirements for the wear resistance of brass alloy. The connectors made of ordinary brass alloy will have wear on the contact surface after multiple plugging and unplugging operations, resulting in an increase in contact resistance, seriously affecting the electrical conductivity of the product, and even possibly causing potential safety hazards.

[0063] Based on this, to improve the problems of low strength and wear resistance of brass alloys in related technologies, the embodiments of the present application provide the following solutions.

[0064] In the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy is provided. The raw materials for preparing the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy include the following components: Zn 35-40 wt%; Ni 1-5 wt%; Mn 1-3 wt%; Si 0.5-1 wt%; Pb 0.3-1 wt%; Cu 50-60 wt%.

[0065] It can be understood that Zn 35-40 wt% means that when the total weight of the raw materials is 100, the content of Zn is between 35 and 40, such as 35, 37, 40, etc., but not limited thereto. The same applies to other elements, respectively representing the content range of the corresponding elements when the total weight is 100.

[0066] As can be seen from the above, in the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy provided by the embodiments of the present application, 35-40 wt% of Zn forms the basic structure of the alloy with Cu, which can improve the processing performance and mechanical properties of the alloy; 1-5 wt% of Ni can be dissolved into the Cu matrix, playing a role of solution strengthening, refining the grains, and thus improving the strength and hardness of the alloy. At the same time, the addition of Ni elements can shift the phase boundary of the Cu-Zn phase diagram to the right, increasing the α-phase region and reducing the difficulty of preparing and processing the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy. That is, when the Zn content in the multi-element brass is 35-40 wt%, 1-5 wt% of Ni will strengthen the multi-element brass alloy, which can improve the strength, dezincification resistance, wear resistance, toughness and pressure processing performance of the brass alloy; 1-3 wt% of Mn can improve the strength and wear resistance of the brass alloy and enhance the performance of the brass alloy in a friction environment; 0.5-1 wt% of Si can improve the casting performance of the brass alloy and also has a certain improvement effect on the strength and hardness of the brass alloy; 0.3-1 wt% of Pb can improve the cutting performance and antifriction performance of the brass alloy, making the brass alloy more advantageous in mechanical processing and friction application scenarios. Through the synergistic effect of these elements, the prepared high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy has high strength and excellent wear resistance.

[0067] In some embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy include the following components: Zn 35-39 wt%; Ni 1-4 wt%; Mn 2-3 wt%; Si 0.5-1 wt%; Pb 0.3-1 wt%; Cu 56-60 wt%.

[0068] With such settings, the content ratio of each element is further optimized, which is more conducive to improving the comprehensive performance of the alloy while ensuring that the alloy has high strength and wear resistance.

[0069] In some embodiments, the ratio of Si to Mn is 1:3.2 to 3.4.

[0070] It can be understood that the ratio of Si to Mn being 1:3.2 to 3.4 means that in the alloy, the ratio of the content of Si to the content of Mn is between 3.2 and 3.4. For example, if the content of Mn is 3 wt%, then the content of Si is between 0.89 wt% and 0.94 wt%, and so on.

[0071] With such a setting, when the ratio of Si to Mn is 1:3.2 to 3.4, the precipitation phase distribution of the brass is more uniform (such as Mn-Si composite oxide), that is, a synergistic effect can be generated in the microstructure of the alloy. Mn and Si can form specific compounds or strengthening phases in the alloy, enhancing the grain boundary strength of the alloy and refining the grain structure, thereby further improving the strength and wear resistance of the alloy, making the microstructure more stable, and enabling the comprehensive performance (strength + corrosion resistance) to reach the peak.

[0072] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for preparing a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy. Please refer to Figure 1 , the method for preparing a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy includes:

[0073] S100, providing the components of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy as described in any of the above embodiments, melting each component to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

[0074] S200, performing post-treatment on the brass alloy ingot to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0075] As can be seen from the above, the method for preparing a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy provided by the embodiments of the present application uniformly mixes each component through melting to form an alloy liquid with uniform composition, laying a foundation for obtaining an alloy ingot with stable performance subsequently; the post-treatment process further improves the microstructure and performance of the alloy to meet the use requirements of high strength and wear resistance. Each step cooperates with each other to ensure that the finally obtained brass alloy has good comprehensive performance.

[0076] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , in step S100, melting each component to obtain a brass alloy ingot includes:

[0077] S110, putting Cu into a melting device for melting to obtain a copper melt.

[0078] S120, sequentially adding Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn to the copper melt for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid.

[0079] S130, pouring the brass alloy liquid to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

[0080] It can be understood that the melting device can be an intermediate frequency induction furnace, an electric arc furnace, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0081] With such a setting, during the smelting process, Cu is melted first because Cu is the main component of the alloy and has a relatively high melting point. Melting Cu first can provide a uniform molten liquid environment for subsequent addition of other elements, enabling elements such as Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn added later to be more evenly dispersed in the copper molten liquid, ensuring the uniformity of the alloy composition, and being beneficial to improving the comprehensive performance of the alloy. Adding each element in sequence and conducting smelting can reasonably control the smelting process according to the characteristics and melting point differences of each element, ensure that each element can be fully dissolved and evenly mixed, reduce the phenomenon of composition segregation, and thus improve the quality of the brass alloy ingot.

[0082] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S120, Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn are sequentially added to the copper molten liquid for smelting to obtain a brass alloy liquid, including:

[0083] S121, Ni, Mn, and Si are sequentially added to the copper molten liquid for smelting, and after the elements are melted, they are kept warm for 10 min to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid.

[0084] S122, Pb and Zn wrapped with copper foil are added to the semi-alloy molten liquid for smelting to obtain a brass alloy liquid.

[0085] It can be understood that sequentially adding Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper molten liquid for smelting means adding Ni first, adding Mn after Ni is melted, and adding Si after Mn is melted. The copper foil is a part of Cu 56 - 60 wt%.

[0086] With such a setting, adding Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper molten liquid first and keeping warm for 10 min helps these elements to be fully dissolved and evenly diffused, forming a relatively stable semi-alloy molten liquid structure. Using copper foil to wrap Pb and Zn is because Pb has a relatively low melting point and is volatile, and Zn is also prone to oxidation and volatilization at high temperatures. Wrapping with copper foil can reduce their losses during the smelting process, enable them to be more fully incorporated into the alloy liquid, further improve the uniformity and stability of the alloy composition, and thus enhance the performance of the alloy.

[0087] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S130, the brass alloy liquid is cast to obtain a brass alloy ingot, including: after keeping the brass alloy liquid warm for 5 min, slag removal is carried out and then casting is performed to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

[0088] It can be understood that slag removal refers to removing impurities such as oxidation slag on the surface and inside of the alloy liquid and some inevitable inclusions in the raw materials.

[0089] With such settings, heat preservation for 5 minutes can make the temperature of the brass alloy liquid more uniform, further homogenize the composition, and reduce casting defects caused by uneven temperature and composition. The slag removal operation can effectively improve the purity of the alloy ingot, reduce internal defects, improve the density and mechanical properties of the alloy ingot, and enable the finally obtained brass alloy ingot to meet the requirements of high strength and wear resistance.

[0090] In some embodiments, the melting temperature is 1230 - 1240 °C, and the pouring temperature is 1100 - 1150 °C.

[0091] It can be understood that the melting temperature is 1230 - 1240 °C, for example, it can be 1230 °C, 1235 °C, 1240 °C, etc., but not limited thereto. The pouring temperature is 1100 - 1150 °C, for example, it can be 1100 °C, 1125 °C, 1150 °C, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0092] With such settings, controlling the melting temperature at 1230 - 1240 °C can not only fully melt and uniformly mix elements such as Cu, Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn, but also prevent excessive volatilization of elements or absorption of gas by the alloy liquid due to too high temperature, which affects the composition and performance of the alloy; controlling the pouring temperature at 1100 - 1150 °C can keep the alloy liquid in good fluidity, facilitate pouring and molding, and at the same time avoid casting defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity caused by too high or too low temperature.

[0093] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 , in step S200, the brass alloy ingot is post - processed to obtain a high - strength and wear - resistant brass alloy, including:

[0094] S210, hot - extruding the brass alloy ingot to obtain a first brass alloy.

[0095] S220, cold - drawing the first brass alloy to obtain a second brass alloy.

[0096] S230, solution - treating the second brass alloy to obtain a semi - finished brass alloy.

[0097] S240, aging - treating the semi - finished brass alloy to obtain a high - strength and wear - resistant brass alloy.

[0098] It can be understood that hot - extrusion means applying pressure to the brass alloy ingot at high temperature to cause plastic deformation; cold - drawing means stretching the first brass alloy at room temperature to further refine the grains and improve the strength and hardness of the second brass alloy; solution treatment is to heat the second brass alloy to a certain temperature and keep it warm; aging treatment is to keep the alloy after solution treatment at a certain temperature to make the solute atoms in the solid solution precipitate, forming a dispersion - distributed strengthening phase, and improving the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the alloy.

[0099] With such settings, hot extrusion, cold drawing, solution treatment, and aging treatment cooperate with each other to strengthen the alloy from different aspects. Hot extrusion and cold drawing refine the grains through plastic deformation and improve the microstructure of the alloy; solution treatment and aging treatment improve the strength and wear resistance of the alloy by changing the phase composition and microstructure of the alloy, ultimately enabling the alloy to meet the performance requirements of high strength and wear resistance.

[0100] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S210, the brass alloy ingot is hot-extruded to obtain a first brass alloy, including:

[0101] The brass alloy ingot is hot-extruded in an environment with an extrusion rate of 35 - 50 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 520 - 580 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa to obtain a first brass alloy; wherein, the extrusion deformation amount of the first brass alloy is controlled at 85 - 90%.

[0102] It can be understood that the extrusion rate is 35 - 50 mm / min, for example, it can be 35 mm / min, 40 mm / min, 50 mm / min, etc., but not limited thereto. The extrusion temperature is 520 - 580 °C, for example, it can be 520 °C, 550 °C, 580 °C, etc., but not limited thereto. The extrusion deformation amount refers to the degree of difference between the diameter of the brass alloy ingot and the diameter of the first brass alloy. The greater the extrusion deformation amount, the higher the degree of difference. The extrusion deformation amount is controlled at 85 - 90%, for example, it can be 85%, 88%, 90%, etc., but not limited thereto. For example, when the diameter of the brass alloy ingot is 78 mm, the diameter of the first brass alloy obtained after hot extrusion is between 24.6 - 27.7 mm, and after rounding, it is 25 to 27 mm, and so on.

[0103] With such settings, the appropriate extrusion rate, temperature, pressure, and deformation amount cooperate with each other, enabling the grains of the alloy to be fully refined, reducing internal defects, and significantly improving the strength and wear resistance, laying a good foundation for subsequent processing and final performance.

[0104] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S220, the first brass alloy is cold-drawn to obtain a second brass alloy, including:

[0105] The first brass alloy is drawn at a drawing speed of 0.2 - 0.7 mm / s to obtain a second brass alloy; wherein, the drawing deformation amount of the second brass alloy is controlled at 40 - 44%.

[0106] It can be understood that the stretching speed is 0.2 - 0.7 mm / s. For example, it can be 0.2 mm / s, 0.5 mm / s, 0.7 mm / s, etc., but not limited thereto. The stretching deformation amount refers to the degree of difference between the diameter of the first brass alloy and the diameter of the second brass alloy. The greater the stretching deformation amount, the higher the degree of difference. The stretching deformation amount is controlled within 40 - 44%. For example, it can be 40%, 42%, 44%, etc., but not limited thereto. For example, when the diameter of the first brass alloy is 25 mm, the diameter of the second brass alloy obtained after stretching is between 18.7 - 19.4 mm, and after rounding it is 19 mm, and so on.

[0107] With such settings, the stretching speed is 0.2 - 0.7 mm / s, which can enable the dislocations in the first brass alloy to have appropriate time to move and rearrange during the cold drawing process, thereby achieving further refinement of the grains, improving the strength and hardness of the alloy, and at the same time, not causing the alloy to fracture due to excessive internal stress caused by too fast stretching speed; the stretching deformation amount is controlled within 40 - 44%, which can make the alloy structure more dense through a certain amount of deformation on the premise of not undergoing excessive work hardening, thereby improving the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the alloy, and further enhancing the performance of the second brass alloy.

[0108] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S230, the second brass alloy is subjected to solution treatment to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy, including:

[0109] The second brass alloy is kept at a constant temperature for 20 min in an environment with a solution temperature of 530 - 750 °C to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0110] It can be understood that the solution temperature is 530 - 750 °C. For example, it can be 530 °C, 640 °C, 750 °C, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0111] With such settings, the solution temperature is 530 - 750 °C, and the strengthening phases in the alloy can be fully dissolved into the matrix to form a uniform solid solution, providing a good tissue basis for the subsequent aging treatment; keeping at a constant temperature for 20 min can make the strengthening phases fully dissolve, making the composition of the solid solution more uniform, which is beneficial to the uniform precipitation of the strengthening phases during the subsequent aging treatment, thereby effectively improving the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the alloy and enhancing the quality of the semi-finished brass alloy.

[0112] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S240, the semi-finished brass alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy, including:

[0113] The semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing device at a temperature of 350 - 550 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 1 - 2 h, then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature and pickled to obtain a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0114] It can be understood that the temperature is 350 - 550°C, for example, it can be 350°C, 450°C, 550°C, etc., but not limited thereto. 1 - 2h can be, for example, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, etc., but not limited thereto.

[0115] With such settings, the annealing device with a temperature of 350 - 550°C is used to provide the temperature environment required for aging treatment. Within this temperature range, solute atoms in the solid solution can precipitate at an appropriate rate to form a dispersion-strengthened phase; holding for 1 - 2h enables the solute atoms to precipitate sufficiently to ensure that the quantity and distribution of the strengthened phase reach the optimal state; air cooling to room temperature can fix the organizational structure after aging treatment; pickling treatment is to remove the oxide scale and other impurities generated on the alloy surface during the aging process to improve the surface quality of the alloy.

[0116] The following will be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] 1) Prepare 35.3wt% Zn, 1wt% Ni, 2.3wt% Mn, 0.7wt% Si, 0.7wt% Pb, and 60wt% Cu according to the component ratio, and weigh a total of 8 Kg. Put Cu into a graphite-clay crucible and heat it for melting using an intermediate-frequency melting furnace. Add charcoal fragments as a covering agent before heating to block oxygen, and heat and melt at a melting temperature of 1235°C to obtain a copper melt; successively add Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper melt for melting, and hold for 10 min after the elements are melted to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid; successively add Pb and Zn wrapped in copper foil to the semi-alloy molten liquid for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid; hold the brass alloy liquid for 5 min, then remove the slag and pour it at a temperature of 1100°C to obtain a brass alloy ingot with a diameter of 72 mm.

[0119] 2) Place the brass alloy ingot in an environment with an extrusion rate of 40 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 550°C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa, and perform hot extrusion using grease as a lubricant, and then process it by machining to obtain a first brass alloy with a diameter of 25 mm.

[0120] 3) Use a chain stretcher to stretch the first brass alloy to a second brass alloy with a diameter of 19 mm at a stretching speed of 0.4 mm / s.

[0121] 4) Hold the second brass alloy in an environment at a temperature of 710°C for 20 min to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0122] 5) Finally, the semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing furnace at a temperature of 400 °C, held for 2 h, taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove the oxide scale to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] 1) Prepare 39 wt% Zn, 2 wt% Ni, 2 wt% Mn, 0.6 wt% Si, 0.3 wt% Pb, and 56.1 wt% Cu according to the component ratio, and weigh a total of 8 Kg. Put Cu into a graphite-clay crucible and heat it to melt using an intermediate-frequency melting furnace. Add charcoal fragments as a covering agent to block oxygen before heating, and heat and melt at a melting temperature of 1230 °C to obtain a copper melt; successively add Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper melt for melting, hold for 10 min after the elements are melted to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid; successively add Pb and Zn wrapped in copper foil to the semi-alloy molten liquid for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid; hold the brass alloy liquid for 5 min, then remove the slag and pour it at a temperature of 1150 °C to obtain a brass alloy ingot with a diameter of 72 mm.

[0125] 2) Place the brass alloy ingot in an environment with an extrusion rate of 35 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 520 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa, and perform hot extrusion with grease as a lubricant, and then process it by machining to obtain a first brass alloy with a diameter of 25 mm.

[0126] 3) Use a chain stretcher to stretch the first brass alloy to a second brass alloy with a diameter of 19 mm at a stretching speed of 0.2 mm / s.

[0127] 4) Hold the second brass alloy in an environment at a temperature of 530 °C for 20 min to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0128] 5) Finally, the semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing furnace at a temperature of 350 °C, held for 1.5 h, taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove the oxide scale to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] 1) Prepare 35 wt% Zn, 4 wt% Ni, 3 wt% Mn, 0.9 wt% Si, 1 wt% Pb and 56.1 wt% Cu according to the group allocation ratio, with a total of 8 kg weighed. Put Cu into a graphite clay crucible and heat it to melt using an intermediate frequency melting furnace. Add charcoal fragments as a covering agent before heating to block oxygen, and carry out heating and melting at a melting temperature of 1240 °C to obtain a copper melt; sequentially add Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper melt for melting, and keep warm for 10 min after the elements are melted to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid; sequentially add Pb and Zn wrapped in copper foil to the semi-alloy molten liquid for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid; keep the brass alloy liquid warm for 5 min, then remove the slag and carry out casting at a temperature of 1125 °C to obtain a brass alloy ingot with a diameter of 72 mm.

[0131] 2) Place the brass alloy ingot in an environment with an extrusion rate of 50 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 580 °C and a strain pressure of 150 MPa, and carry out hot extrusion with grease as a lubricant, and then process it by machining to obtain a first brass alloy with a diameter of 25 mm.

[0132] 3) Use a chain stretcher to stretch the first brass alloy to a second brass alloy with a diameter of 19 mm at a stretching speed of 0.7 mm / s.

[0133] 4) Keep the second brass alloy warm for 20 min in an environment with a temperature of 750 °C to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0134] 5) Finally, put the semi-finished brass alloy into an annealing furnace at a temperature of 550 °C, keep it warm for 1 h and then take it out. After air-cooling to room temperature, pickling is carried out to remove the oxide scale to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0135] Comparative Example 1

[0136] Prepare 35.3 wt% Zn, 1 wt% Ni, 2.3 wt% Mn, 0.7 wt% Si, 0.7 wt% Pb and 60 wt% Cu according to the group allocation ratio, with a total of 8 kg weighed. Put Zn, Ni, Mn, Si, Pb and Cu into a graphite clay crucible at the same time and heat it to melt using an intermediate frequency melting furnace. Add charcoal fragments as a covering agent before heating to block oxygen, and carry out heating and melting at a melting temperature of 1235 °C to obtain an alloy liquid; keep the alloy liquid warm for 5 min, then remove the slag and carry out casting at a temperature of 1100 °C to obtain a brass alloy ingot with a diameter of 72 mm.

[0137] 2) The brass alloy ingot is placed in an environment with an extrusion rate of 40 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 550 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa, and hot extrusion is carried out with grease as the lubricant, and then machined to obtain the first brass alloy with a diameter of 25 mm.

[0138] 3) The first brass alloy is stretched to the second brass alloy with a diameter of 19 mm by a chain stretcher at a stretching speed of 0.4 mm / s.

[0139] 4) The second brass alloy is kept at a temperature of 710 °C for 20 min to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0140] 5) Finally, the semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing furnace at a temperature of 400 °C, kept for 2 h, taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove the oxide scale to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0141] Comparative Example 2

[0142] 1) Prepare 35 wt% Zn, 4 wt% Ni, 3 wt% Mn, 0.5 wt% Si, 1 wt% Pb, and 56.5 wt% Cu (Si:Mn = 1:6) according to the component ratio, and a total of 8 Kg is weighed. Cu is placed in a graphite clay crucible and heated and melted using an intermediate frequency melting furnace. Charcoal fragments are added as a covering agent before heating to block oxygen, and heating and melting are carried out at a melting temperature of 1240 °C to obtain a copper melt; Ni, Mn, and Si are added to the copper melt in sequence for melting, and after the elements are melted, it is kept warm for 10 min to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid; Pb and Zn wrapped in copper foil are added to the semi-alloy molten liquid in sequence for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid; after the brass alloy liquid is kept warm for 5 min, slag removal is carried out and casting is carried out at a temperature of 1125 °C to obtain a brass alloy ingot with a diameter of 72 mm.

[0143] 2) The brass alloy ingot is placed in an environment with an extrusion rate of 50 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 580 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa, and hot extrusion is carried out with grease as the lubricant, and then machined to obtain the first brass alloy with a diameter of 25 mm.

[0144] 3) The first brass alloy is stretched to the second brass alloy with a diameter of 19 mm by a chain stretcher at a stretching speed of 0.7 mm / s.

[0145] 4) The second brass alloy is kept at a temperature of 750 °C for 20 min to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0146] 5) Finally, the semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing furnace at a temperature of 550 °C and held for 1 h, then taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove the oxide scale to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0147] Comparative Example 3

[0148] 1) Prepare 35.3 wt% Zn, 1 wt% Ni, 2.3 wt% Mn, 0.7 wt% Si, 0.7 wt% Pb, and 60 wt% Cu according to the component ratio, and a total of 8 Kg is weighed. Put Cu into a graphite clay crucible and heat it for melting using an intermediate frequency melting furnace. Add charcoal powder as a covering agent before heating to block oxygen, and heat and melt at a melting temperature of 1235 °C to obtain a copper melt; successively add Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper melt for melting, and hold for 10 min after the elements are melted to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid; successively add Pb and Zn wrapped in copper foil to the semi-alloy molten liquid for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid; hold the brass alloy liquid for 5 min, then remove the slag and cast at a temperature of 1100 °C to obtain a brass alloy ingot with a diameter of 72 mm.

[0149] 2) Place the brass alloy ingot in an environment with an extrusion rate of 40 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 550 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa, and perform hot extrusion with grease as a lubricant, and then process it by machining to obtain a first brass alloy with a diameter of 40 mm.

[0150] 3) Use a chain drawing machine to draw the first brass alloy to a second brass alloy with a diameter of 19 mm at a drawing speed of 0.4 mm / s.

[0151] 4) Hold the second brass alloy at a temperature of 710 °C for 20 min to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy.

[0152] 5) Finally, the semi-finished brass alloy is placed in an annealing furnace at a temperature of 400 °C and held for 2 h, then taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and pickled to remove the oxide scale to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

[0153] Comparative Example 4

[0154] Cu-Zn brass alloy.

[0155] The brass alloys prepared in all the above examples and comparative examples are tested for Brinell hardness, tensile strength, and friction coefficient, and the testing methods are as follows:

[0156] 1. Brinell hardness: Use an HB-3000B Brinell hardness tester.

[0157] 2. Tensile strength: Refer to GB / T228-2002.

[0158] 3. Wear coefficient: A multi-functional friction and wear testing machine is used. The counter-grinding ball has a diameter of 10 mm and is made of GCr15. The wear form is linear reciprocating, with a load of 10 N, a wear scar length of 8 mm, and a frequency of 3 Hz.

[0159] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0160]

[0161] Table 1

[0162] From the test data in Table 1, it can be seen that the high-strength and high-wear-resistant brass alloy prepared by using the preparation raw materials and preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy of the present application has excellent high-strength and high-wear-resistant characteristics.

[0163] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy, characterized in that, The preparation raw materials of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy include the following components: Zn, 35 - 40 wt%; Ni, 1 - 5 wt%; Mn, 1 - 3 wt%; Si, 0.5 - 1 wt%; Pb, 0.3 - 1 wt%; Cu, 50 - 60 wt%.

2. The high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 1, wherein, The preparation raw materials of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy include the following components: Zn, 35 - 39 wt%; Ni, 1 - 4 wt%; Mn, 2 - 3 wt%; Si, 0.5 - 1 wt%; Pb, 0.3 - 1 wt%; Cu, 56 - 60 wt%.

3. The high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of Si to Mn is 1:3.2 - 3.

4.

4. A method for preparing a high-strength and wear-resistant brass alloy, characterized in that, The preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy includes: Providing the components of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, melting each component to obtain a brass alloy ingot; Performing post-treatment on the brass alloy ingot to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

5. The preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 4, wherein, The melting of each component to obtain a brass alloy ingot includes: Putting Cu into a melting device for melting to obtain a copper melt; Sequentially adding Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn to the copper melt for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid; Pouring the brass alloy liquid to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

6. The preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sequentially adding Ni, Mn, Si, Pb, and Zn to the copper melt for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid includes: Sequentially adding Ni, Mn, and Si to the copper melt for melting, keeping the temperature for 10 min after the elements are melted to obtain a semi-alloy molten liquid; Sequentially adding Pb and Zn wrapped with copper foil to the semi-alloy molten liquid for melting to obtain a brass alloy liquid.

7. The preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pouring of the brass alloy liquid to obtain a brass alloy ingot includes: Keeping the brass alloy liquid at a certain temperature for 5 min, then removing slag and pouring to obtain a brass alloy ingot.

8. The method for preparing a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The melting temperature is 1230 - 1240 °C, and the pouring temperature is 1100 - 1150 °C.

9. The preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The performing post-treatment on the brass alloy ingot to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy includes: Performing hot extrusion on the brass alloy ingot to obtain a first brass alloy; Performing cold drawing on the first brass alloy to obtain a second brass alloy; Performing solution treatment on the second brass alloy to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy; Performing aging treatment on the semi-finished brass alloy to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

10. The preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy according to claim 9, wherein, The performing hot extrusion on the brass alloy ingot to obtain a first brass alloy includes: Performing hot extrusion on the brass alloy ingot in an environment with an extrusion rate of 35 - 50 mm / min, an extrusion temperature of 520 - 580 °C, and a strain pressure of 150 MPa to obtain a first brass alloy; wherein, the extrusion deformation amount of the first brass alloy is controlled within 85 - 90%; And / or, the performing cold drawing on the first brass alloy to obtain a second brass alloy includes: Performing drawing on the first brass alloy at a drawing speed of 0.2 - 0.7 mm / s to obtain a second brass alloy; wherein, the drawing deformation amount of the second brass alloy is controlled within 40 - 44%; And / or, the solution treatment of the second brass alloy to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy includes: Keeping the second brass alloy at a solution temperature of 530-750°C for 20 minutes to obtain a semi-finished brass alloy; And / or, the aging treatment of the semi-finished brass alloy to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy includes: Putting the semi-finished brass alloy into an annealing device at a temperature of 350-550°C, keeping it for 1-2 hours, taking it out, air-cooling it to room temperature, and then performing pickling treatment to obtain a high-strength wear-resistant brass alloy.

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