Energy-saving method for recovering non-ferrous metals through combination of wet magnetic separation and flotation

Abstract

The invention provides an energy-saving method for recovering nonferrous metals through combination of wet magnetic separation and flotation, and belongs to the technical field of mineral separation. According to the method, after ore is ground for the first time, first-stage magnetic separation is conducted, first magnetic matter obtained after magnetic separation still contains a large amount of non-ferrous metal, and therefore flotation is conducted on the first magnetic matter in a flotation mode after magnetic separation, during flotation, the large amount of non-ferrous metal floats out on the surface of a flotation machine, and flotation matter is ground again after recovery; at the moment, the ore grinding amount is greatly reduced, all first magnetic substances subjected to first-stage magnetic separation do not need to be subjected to ore grinding, energy consumption caused by ore grinding is greatly saved, meanwhile, concentrate obtained after flotation and ore grinding is subjected to second-stage magnetic separation again, the dissociation degree of non-ferrous metal of the second non-magnetic substance reaches 95% at the moment, and non-ferrous metal concentrate is obtained after scavenging and concentration are continued. Therefore, according to the energy-saving method for recovering the non-ferrous metal through combination of wet magnetic separation and flotation, energy consumption is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic extraction of nonferrous metals, and in particular to an energy-saving method for recovering nonferrous metals by combining wet magnetic separation and flotation. Background Art

[0002] Ore dressing technology in magnetic ores has always been a research focus in the mining industry. With the development of the global economy, the demand for non-ferrous metals continues to grow, and it is becoming increasingly important to efficiently separate non-ferrous metals from magnetic minerals. However, this process faces many challenges, the first of which is that magnetic minerals and non-ferrous metal minerals often coexist. Many magnetic minerals and non-ferrous metal minerals are intertwined and wrapped with each other in the form of fine particles, resulting in the non-ferrous metal minerals being easily separated out together with the magnetic minerals in the subsequent separation process, resulting in the loss of non-ferrous metal minerals into the magnetic minerals, which further increases the difficulty of separation.

[0003] The methods for separating magnetic minerals from non-ferrous metals usually include magnetic separation and flotation. In the magnetic separation process, minerals are separated based on the different magnetic forces in the magnetic field. When the magnetic substances and non-ferrous metals in the minerals are closely coexisting, the dissociation degree between the magnetic substances and the non-ferrous metals is poor, and the non-ferrous metals will be lost with the magnetic substances. At this time, if the magnetic substances are further ground, the dissociation degree between the magnetic substances and the non-ferrous metals can be increased. However, due to the large amount of magnetic substances that need to be ground, the cost of process grinding is greatly increased.

[0004] Therefore, magnetic separation and flotation methods are usually combined to separate non-ferrous metals from the original ore. Patent CN101792867A discloses a combined process treatment method for tin rough concentrate, in which the tin-containing rough concentrate is pulped and sent to a magnetic separator to select magnetic minerals. The non-magnetic minerals are subjected to flotation operations to float out the sulfide minerals, and then a shaking table is used to obtain qualified tin concentrate and lean and medium ore products. The magnetic minerals obtained by magnetic separation are combined with the lean and medium ore and treated in a DC smelting furnace to obtain tin dioxide smoke and primary iron chains.

[0005] In the flotation process, magnetic substances and non-ferrous metals are separated mainly based on the wettability of the mineral surface and the adsorption characteristics of the flotation agent. The separated non-ferrous metals will still contain closely coexisting magnetic substances. If this part of the magnetic substances is not removed, the grade of the recovered non-ferrous metal concentrate will be greatly reduced. In the prior art, magnetic substances and non-ferrous metals are often separated by gravity separation, such as shaking table. However, the shaking table process is mainly used to recover minerals with large differences in specific gravity and loose coexistence, while closely coexisting copper and iron ores cannot be separated and recovered well.

[0006] In summary, the difficulty in separating magnetic materials and non-ferrous metals, the complex operation, and the high energy consumption of the required process methods are still issues that need to be urgently addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by energy-saving wet magnetic separation and flotation. After grinding the ore and performing a first-stage magnetic separation, magnetic and non-magnetic minerals are obtained. A large amount of non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, or zinc wrapped therein are contained in the magnetic minerals. Therefore, after magnetic separation, flotation reagents are added for flotation. The surface foam after flotation is collected and ground again. At this time, the amount of grinding is greatly reduced, the operation is simple, and the process is energy-saving. After grinding, a second-stage magnetic separation is continued. After mixing the non-magnetic material II after the second-stage magnetic separation and the non-magnetic material I after the first-stage magnetic separation, rough selection and fine selection are continued, so as to realize the separation of non-ferrous metals and magnetic materials and recover most of the non-ferrous metals.

[0008] The present invention provides a method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by energy-saving wet magnetic separation and flotation, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind the ore, adjust the pulp concentration, and then perform a first-stage magnetic separation to obtain magnetic material I and non-magnetic material I; Step 2: Concentrate the magnetic material I, stir in flotation reagents, and then perform flotation with aeration to obtain flotation foam I and remaining magnetic solid material I; Step 3: Grind the flotation foam I, adjust the pulp concentration, and then perform a second-stage magnetic separation to obtain magnetic material II and non-magnetic material II; Step 4: Mix and concentrate the non-magnetic material I and the non-magnetic material II, stir in flotation reagents, and then perform rough selection with aeration to obtain flotation foam II and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to perform primary concentration and secondary concentration on the flotation foam II to obtain non-ferrous metal concentrate, and the remaining concentrated tailings are returned to the previous operation step by step; Step 6: Stir in flotation reagent I for the rough selection tailings for a first scavenging to obtain first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings, and the first scavenging concentrate is returned to the rough selection operation; Stir in flotation reagent II for the scavenging tailings for a second scavenging to obtain tailings and second scavenging concentrate, and the second scavenging concentrate is returned to the first scavenging.

[0009] Further, in Step 1, the fineness of the ore is 11 - 25 mesh, and the content of non-ferrous metals in the ore is 0.5 - 1.9%.

[0010] Further, in Step 1, a ball mill is used for grinding.

[0011] Further, in Step 1, the amount of ore ground to a fineness of less than 200 mesh is 56 - 78%.

[0012] Further, in Step 1, the adjusted pulp concentration is 20 - 30 wt%.

[0013] Further, the magnetic field intensity of the first magnetic separation in Step 1 is 800 - 2000 Gs.

[0014] Further, the dissociation degree of non-ferrous metals in the first magnetic substance in Step 1 is 6 - 15%.

[0015] Further, the yield of the first magnetic substance in Step 1 is 30 - 45%, and the yield of the first non-magnetic substance is 55 - 70%.

[0016] Further, in Step 2, it is concentrated to a concentration of 20 - 40 wt%.

[0017] Further, the stirring speed in Step 2 is 1500 - 2000 r / min.

[0018] Further, the flotation reagents in Step 2 include regulators, activators, collectors, and frothers.

[0019] Further, the mass ratio of the regulator, the activator, the collector, the frother to the total mass of the ore is (0.5 - 1) : (0.05 - 0.12) : (0.01 - 0.03) : (0.01 - 0.03) : 1000.

[0020] Further, the regulator is calcium oxide, and the stirring time is 2 - 3 min.

[0021] Further, the activator is copper sulfate, and the stirring time is 2 - 3 min.

[0022] Further, the collector is butyl xanthate, and the stirring time is 2 - 3 min.

[0023] Further, the frother is one or both of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the stirring time is 2 - 3 min.

[0024] Further, the aeration rate in Step 2 is 0.05 m³ / m²•h, and the aeration time is 2 - 4 min.

[0025] Further, the yield of the first flotation foam in Step 2 is 7 - 18%, and the yield of the first magnetic solid is 23 - 27%.

[0026] Further, in Step 3, a ball mill is used for grinding.

[0027] Further, in Step 3, the amount of ore ground to a fineness of less than 200 mesh is 81 - 95%.

[0028] Further, in step 3, the degree of dissociation of non-ferrous metals in the grinding to flotation foam one is 70-90%.

[0029] Further, in step 3, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 20-35 wt%.

[0030] Further, in step 3, the magnetic field intensity of the second-stage magnetic separation is 800-2000 Gs.

[0031] Further, in step 3, the energy consumption of the ball mill during grinding is 0.05-0.15 kWh.

[0032] Further, in step 3, the yield of magnetic substance two is 4.5-10.6%, and the yield of non-magnetic substance two is 2-7.5%.

[0033] Further, in step 4, the concentration is up to 20-40 wt%.

[0034] Further, in step 4, the stirring speed is 1500-2000 r / min.

[0035] Further, in step 4, the flotation reagents include regulators, collectors, and the foaming agent.

[0036] Further, the mass ratio of the regulator, the collector, and the foaming agent to the total mass of the ore is (0.4-0.8):(0.04-0.06):(0.01-0.02):1000.

[0037] Further, the regulator is calcium oxide, and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

[0038] Further, the collector is butyl xanthate, and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

[0039] Further, the foaming agent is one or both of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

[0040] Further, in step 4, the aeration rate of the aeration is 0.05 m³ / m²•h, and the aeration time is 3-5 min.

[0041] Further, in step 5, the time of the first roughing is 2-3 min, and the time of the second roughing is 2-3 min.

[0042] Further, in step 5, the yield of the non-ferrous metal concentrate is 2-3.2%.

[0043] Further, in step 5, the content of non-ferrous metals in the non-ferrous metal concentrate is 20-62%.

[0044] Further, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals in the non-ferrous metal concentrate in step 5 is 81-93%.

[0045] Further, the stirring speed in step 6 is 1500-2000 r / min.

[0046] Further, the first flotation reagent in step 6 includes a collector and a frother, and the mass ratio of the collector, the frother and the total mass of the ore is 0.03:0.01:1000; The collector is butyl xanthate, and the stirring time is 2-3 min; The frother is one or both of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

[0047] Further, the time for the first scavenging in step 6 is 2-4 min.

[0048] Further, the second flotation reagent in step 6 includes a collector and a frother, and the mass ratio of the collector, the frother and the total mass of the ore is 0.02:0.01:1000; The collector is butyl xanthate, and the stirring time is 2-3 min; The frother is one or both of pine oil and methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

[0049] Further, the time for the second scavenging in step 6 is 2-4 min.

[0050] Further, the yield of the tailings in step 6 is 60-71%.

[0051] Further, the content of non-ferrous metals in the tailings in step 6 is 0.05-0.25%.

[0052] Further, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals in the tailings in step 6 is 4-7.7%.

[0053] Advantages of the present invention: 1. In the present invention, after the first grinding of the ore, a first-stage magnetic separation is carried out. A large amount of non-ferrous metals still remain in the first magnetic product after magnetic separation. Therefore, after magnetic separation, the present invention performs flotation on the first magnetic product. During flotation, a large amount of non-ferrous metals will float on the surface of the flotation machine. After recovery, the flotation product is ground again. At this time, the amount of grinding is greatly reduced, and it is not necessary to grind all of the first magnetic product after the first-stage magnetic separation, which greatly saves the energy consumption caused by grinding. At the same time, the flotation foam obtained after flotation grinding is subjected to a second-stage magnetic separation again to continue separating non-ferrous metals through the second-stage magnetic separation. At this time, the dissociation degree of non-ferrous metals is as high as 95%. The non-magnetic product two after magnetic separation and the non-magnetic product one are mixed and then continue with rough selection and fine selection. Therefore, the amount of non-ferrous metals that can be recovered is significantly increased. Through the energy-saving method of combined wet magnetic separation and flotation for recovering non-ferrous metals in the present invention, energy consumption is saved, and the cost is also significantly reduced. Moreover, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals in the concentrate of the present invention is 81-93%. At the same time, although the recovery method in the present invention is only a preliminary separation of non-ferrous metals, the content of non-ferrous metals in non-ferrous metal ores is also 20-62%, which has a higher recovery rate and energy saving compared to conventional recovery methods.

[0054] 2. Through specific technological sequences such as magnetic separation and flotation, and specific operating conditions in the present invention, the process of recovering non-ferrous metals requires little energy consumption. Different flotation reagents are used in the present invention to extract non-ferrous metals. The components of the flotation reagents are easily obtainable and inexpensive. Compared with the method of directly grinding to improve the dissociation degree of non-ferrous metals without flotation, the cost is sharply reduced. Moreover, the addition amount and addition sequence of the flotation reagents in the present invention also create excellent conditions for the recovery of non-ferrous metals, improving the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals. This method is a preliminary separation for recovering non-ferrous metal ores from magnetic products. The recovered non-ferrous metal ores can enter the conventional non-ferrous metal recovery process. At the same time, the method in the present invention can be scaled up, and the recovery rate and mass fraction of non-ferrous metals will not be affected by the scale-up reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 is the process flow diagram of the energy-saving method of combined wet magnetic separation and flotation for recovering non-ferrous metals described in the present invention; Figure 2 is the process flow diagram of the recovery method of copper concentrate described in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0056] The following is a detailed description of the invention in combination with examples: The present invention provides an energy-saving method of combined wet magnetic separation and flotation for recovering non-ferrous metals, which recovers non-ferrous metals from magnetic products by combining magnetic separation and flotation. The recovery process is simple in operation, reduces energy consumption, and has a high recovery rate.

[0057] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by energy-saving wet magnetic separation and flotation, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (12.7 mesh, with a copper content of 0.55%) using a ball mill. The fineness of the ground ore is such that the amount of ore below 200 mesh accounts for 65% (-0.074 mm accounts for 65%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform primary magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain Magnetic Substance 1 (with a copper dissociation degree of 10%) and Non-magnetic Substance 1; The yield of Magnetic Substance 1 is 30%, and the yield of Non-magnetic Substance 1 is 70%; Step 2: After concentrating Magnetic Substance 1 to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, sequentially add 0.6 g of calcium oxide (CaO) and stir for 3 min, 0.05 g of copper sulfate (CuSO4) and stir for 3 min, 0.01 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil alcohol and stir for 2 min, then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 2 min for flotation to obtain Flotation Foam 1 and the remaining Magnetic Solid Substance 1; The yield of Flotation Foam 1 is 7%, and the yield of Magnetic Solid Substance 1 is 23%; Step 3: Grind Flotation Foam 1 using a ball mill. The fineness of the ground ore is such that the amount of ore below 200 mesh accounts for 95% (with a copper dissociation degree of 85%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform secondary magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain Magnetic Substance 2 and Non-magnetic Substance 2; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.055 kWh; The yield of Magnetic Substance 2 is 4.5%, and the yield of Non-magnetic Substance 2 is 2.50%; Step 4: After mixing and concentrating Non-magnetic Substance 1 and Non-magnetic Substance 2 to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, sequentially add 0.6 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil alcohol and stir for 2 min, then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 5 min for rough selection to obtain Flotation Foam 2 and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to perform primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on Flotation Foam 2 in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and the remaining cleaning tailings are gradually returned to the previous operation; The yield of the copper concentrate is 2.34%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 20.16%, and the copper recovery rate is 85.73%; Step 6: At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the preliminarily selected tailings and stir for 2 min respectively, then conduct the first scavenging for 3 min to obtain the first scavenging concentrate and the scavenging tailings. The first scavenging concentrate is returned to the roughing operation; At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, add 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the scavenging tailings and stir for 2 min respectively, then conduct the second scavenging for 3 min to obtain the tailings and the second scavenging concentrate. The second scavenging concentrate is returned to the first scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 70.16%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.05%, and the copper recovery rate is 6.38%.

[0058] Example 2 This example provides an energy-saving method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by wet magnetic separation and flotation, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (11.2 mesh, with a copper content of 0.71%) using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 56%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct a first-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 800 Gs to obtain the first magnetic substance (the dissociation degree of copper is 6%) and the first non-magnetic substance; The yield of the first magnetic substance is 32%, and the yield of the first non-magnetic substance is 68%; Step 2: After concentrating the first magnetic substance to 20 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1500 r / min, add 1 g of calcium oxide and stir for 2 min, 0.12 g of copper sulfate and stir for 2 min, 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.03 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 4 min to conduct flotation to obtain the first flotation foam and the remaining first magnetic solid substance; The yield of the first flotation foam is 8.3%, and the yield of the first magnetic solid substance is 23.7%; Step 3: Grind the first flotation foam using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 95% (where the dissociation degree of copper is 90%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct a second-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 800 Gs to obtain the second magnetic substance and the second non-magnetic substance; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.069 kWh; The yield of the second magnetic substance is 6%, and the yield of the second non-magnetic substance is 2.3%; Step 4: After mixing and concentrating the non-magnetic substance 1 and the non-magnetic substance 2 to 20 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1500 r / min, 0.5 g of calcium oxide is added and stirred for 3 min, then 0.05 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil are added and stirred for 2 min, and then aerated at an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 4 min for rough selection to obtain flotation foam 2 and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to carry out primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on the flotation foam 2 in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and the remaining cleaning tailings are gradually returned to the previous operation; The yield of the copper concentrate is 2.71%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 22.39%, and the copper recovery rate is 85.58%; Step 6: At a stirring speed of 1500 r / min, 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil are added to the rough selection tailings and stirred for 2 min respectively, and then primary scavenging is carried out for 3 min to obtain primary scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings. The primary scavenging concentrate is returned to the rough selection operation; At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil are added to the scavenging tailings and stirred for 2 min respectively, and then secondary scavenging is carried out for 3 min to obtain tailings and secondary scavenging concentrate. The secondary scavenging concentrate is returned to the primary scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 67.59%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.08%, and the copper recovery rate is 7.63%.

[0059] Example 3 This example provides an energy-saving method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by wet magnetic separation and flotation, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (25 mesh, with a copper content of 0.79%) with a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 78%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 25 wt%, carry out one-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance 1 (the liberation degree of copper is 12%) and non-magnetic substance 1; The yield of the magnetic substance 1 is 36%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance 1 is 64%; Step 2: After concentrating the magnetic substance 1 to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1500 r / min, 0.9 g of calcium oxide is added and stirred for 2 min, 0.09 g of copper sulfate is added and stirred for 2 min, 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil are added and stirred for 2 min, and then aerated at an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 4 min for flotation to obtain flotation foam 1 and the remaining magnetic solid substance 1; The yield of the flotation foam 1 is 9%, and the yield of the magnetic solid substance 1 is 27%; Step 3: Grind the flotation foam one with a ball mill. The fineness of grinding is such that the amount of ore below 200 mesh accounts for 90% (where the liberation degree of copper is 85%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 35 wt%, conduct second-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance two and non-magnetic substance two; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.067 kWh; The yield of the magnetic substance two is 5.2%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance two is 3.8%; Step 4: Mix and concentrate the non-magnetic substance one and the non-magnetic substance two to 25 wt%. Then, at a stirring speed of 1500 r / min, sequentially add 0.8 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, add 0.04 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil alcohol and stir for 2 min. After that, conduct rough selection with an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 3 min to obtain flotation foam two and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to conduct primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on the flotation foam two in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and return the remaining cleaning tailings to the previous operation step by step; The yield of the copper concentrate is 2.5%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 27.11%, and the recovery rate of copper is 86.08%; Step 6: At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, sequentially add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil alcohol to the rough selection tailings and stir for 2 min respectively. Then conduct primary scavenging for 3 min to obtain primary scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings. Return the primary scavenging concentrate to the rough selection operation; At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, sequentially add 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil alcohol to the scavenging tailings and stir for 2 min respectively. Then conduct secondary scavenging for 3 min to obtain tailings and secondary scavenging concentrate. Return the secondary scavenging concentrate to the primary scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 65.3%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.09%, and the recovery rate of copper is 7.46%.

[0060] Example 4 This example provides an energy-saving method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by wet magnetic separation and flotation, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (13.1 mesh, with a copper content of 0.52%) with a ball mill. The fineness of grinding is such that the amount of ore below 200 mesh accounts for 57%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 30 wt%, conduct first-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1500 Gs to obtain magnetic substance one (the liberation degree of copper is 11%) and non-magnetic substance one; The yield of the magnetic substance one is 45%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance one is 55%; Step 2: After concentrating the magnetic substance I to 40 wt%, while stirring at 1700 r / min, successively add 0.5 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, add 0.06 g of copper sulfate and stir for 3 min, add 0.01 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, then aerate at an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 3 min for flotation to obtain flotation foam I and the remaining magnetic solid I; The yield of the flotation foam I is 18%, and the yield of the magnetic solid I is 27%; Step 3: Grind the flotation foam I with a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness of less than 200 mesh accounts for 81% (where the dissociation degree of copper is 70%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground pulp to 20 wt%, conduct secondary magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1500 Gs to obtain magnetic substance II and non-magnetic substance II; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.104 kWh; The yield of the magnetic substance II is 10.6%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance II is 7.4%; Step 4: Mix and concentrate the non-magnetic substance I and the non-magnetic substance II to 40 wt%. While stirring at 1700 r / min, successively add 0.6 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, add 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, then aerate at an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 5 min for rough selection to obtain flotation foam II and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to conduct primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on the flotation foam II in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and return the remaining cleaning tailings to the previous operation step by step; The yield of the copper concentrate is 2.12%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 20%, and the copper recovery rate is 81.78%; Step 6: While stirring the rough selection tailings at 1992 r / min, successively add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min respectively, then conduct primary scavenging for 3 min to obtain primary scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings. Return the primary scavenging concentrate to the rough selection operation; While stirring the scavenging tailings at 1992 r / min, successively add 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min respectively, then conduct secondary scavenging for 3 min to obtain tailings and secondary scavenging concentrate. Return the secondary scavenging concentrate to the primary scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 60.28%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.05%, and the copper recovery rate is 5.81%.

[0061] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by energy-saving wet magnetic separation and flotation, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (13.4 mesh, with a lead content of 1.55%) using a ball mill. The fineness of the ground ore is such that the amount of ore below 200 mesh accounts for 60%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform a first-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 2000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance one (with a lead dissociation degree of 15%) and non-magnetic substance one; The yield of magnetic substance one is 33%, and the yield of non-magnetic substance one is 67%; Step 2: After concentrating magnetic substance one to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 2000 r / min, sequentially add 1 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, 0.12 g of copper sulfate and stir for 3 min, 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.03 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 2 min for flotation to obtain flotation foam one and the remaining magnetic solid one; The yield of flotation foam one is 10%, and the yield of magnetic solid one is 23%; Step 3: Grind flotation foam one using a ball mill. The fineness of the ground ore is such that the amount of ore below 200 mesh accounts for 82% (where the lead dissociation degree is 80%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform a second-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 2000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance two and non-magnetic substance two; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.072 kWh; The yield of magnetic substance two is 6.5%, and the yield of non-magnetic substance two is 3.5%; Step 4: After mixing and concentrating non-magnetic substance one and non-magnetic substance two to 20 wt%, at a stirring speed of 2000 r / min, sequentially add 0.6 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 5 min for rough selection to obtain flotation foam two and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to perform primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on flotation foam two in a flotation machine to obtain lead concentrate, and the remaining cleaning tailings are gradually returned to the previous operation; The yield of the lead concentrate is 2.34%, the lead content in the lead concentrate is 61.07%, and the lead recovery rate is 92.46%; Step 6: At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, sequentially add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the rough selection tailings and stir for 2 min respectively, then perform a first-stage scavenging for 3 min to obtain first-stage scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings. The first-stage scavenging concentrate is returned to the rough selection operation; The scavenged tailings are sequentially added with 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil and stirred for 2 min respectively at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, followed by secondary scavenging for 3 min to obtain tailings and secondary scavenged concentrate. The secondary scavenged concentrate is returned to the primary scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 68.16%, the lead content in the tailings is 0.1%, and the lead recovery rate is 4.41%.

[0062] Example 6 This example provides an energy-saving method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by wet magnetic separation and flotation, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (15.9 mesh, with a zinc content of 1.87%) using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 71%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform first-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance I (the dissociation degree of zinc is 13%) and non-magnetic substance I; The yield of the magnetic substance I is 35%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance I is 65%; Step 2: After concentrating the magnetic substance I to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 2000 r / min, sequentially add 1 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, 0.12 g of copper sulfate and stir for 3 min, 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.03 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, and then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 2 min for flotation to obtain flotation foam I and the remaining magnetic solid substance I; The yield of the flotation foam I is 11%, and the yield of the magnetic solid substance I is 24%; Step 3: Grind the flotation foam I using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 88% (where the dissociation degree of zinc is 85%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform second-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance II and non-magnetic substance II; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.075 kWh; The yield of the magnetic substance II is 6.8%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance II is 4.2%; Step 4: Mix and concentrate the non-magnetic substance I and the non-magnetic substance II to 20 wt%. At a stirring speed of 1500 r / min, sequentially add 0.4 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min, and then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 3 min for rough selection to obtain flotation foam II and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to conduct the first concentration for 3 minutes and the second concentration for 2 minutes on the flotation foam II in a flotation machine to obtain zinc concentrate, and return the remaining concentrated tailings to the previous operation step by step; The yield of the zinc concentrate is 3.17%, the zinc content in the zinc concentrate is 52.95%, and the zinc recovery rate is 89.87%; Step 6: Add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the roughing tailings at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min and stir for 2 minutes respectively, then conduct the first scavenging for 3 minutes to obtain the first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings. Return the first scavenging concentrate to the roughing operation; Add 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the scavenging tailings at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min and stir for 2 minutes respectively, then conduct the second scavenging for 3 minutes to obtain tailings and the second scavenging concentrate. Return the second scavenging concentrate to the first scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 66.03%, the zinc content in the tailings is 0.21%, and the zinc recovery rate is 7.42%.

[0063] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for recovering non-ferrous metal ore, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (12.7 mesh, with a copper content of 0.55%) using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 65%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct one-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance I (the dissociation degree of copper is 10%) and non-magnetic substance I; The yield of the magnetic substance I is 28%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance I is 72%; Step 2: Grind the magnetic substance I using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 95% (where the dissociation degree of copper is 86%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct two-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain magnetic substance II and non-magnetic substance II; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.25 kWh; The yield of the magnetic substance II is 11.7%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance II is 16.3%; Step 3: Mix and concentrate the non-magnetic substance I and the non-magnetic substance II to 30 wt%. Then, at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, add 0.6 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 minutes, add 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil and stir for 2 minutes, and then inflate at an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 5 minutes for roughing to obtain flotation foam II and roughing tailings; Step 4: Continue to conduct the first-stage concentration for 3 minutes and the second-stage concentration for 2 minutes on the flotation foam II in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and return the remaining concentrated tailings to the previous operation step by step; The yield of the copper concentrate is 2.85%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 15.19%, and the copper recovery rate is 78.69%; Step 5: Add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the roughing tailings at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min and stir for 2 minutes respectively, then conduct the first-stage scavenging for 3 minutes to obtain the first-stage scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings, and return the first-stage scavenging concentrate to the roughing operation; Add 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the scavenging tailings at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min and stir for 2 minutes respectively, then conduct the second-stage scavenging for 3 minutes to obtain tailings and the second-stage scavenging concentrate, and return the second-stage scavenging concentrate to the first-stage scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 85.45%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.103%, and the copper recovery rate is 16%.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a method for recovering non-ferrous metal ore, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (12.3 mesh, with a copper content of 0.75%) using a ball mill, where the amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 65%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct a first-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 500 Gs to obtain magnetic substance I (copper dissociation degree is 7%) and non-magnetic substance I; The yield of the magnetic substance I is 19.5%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance I is 80.5%; Step 2: Concentrate the magnetic substance I to 30 wt%, then at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, add 0.6 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 minutes, 0.05 g of copper sulfate and stir for 3 minutes, 0.01 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil and stir for 2 minutes, then inflate with an air inflow rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 2 minutes for flotation to obtain flotation foam I and the remaining magnetic solid substance I; The yield of the flotation foam I is 4.5%, and the yield of the magnetic solid substance I is 15%; Step 3: Grind the flotation foam I using a ball mill, where the amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 95% (copper dissociation degree is 85%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct a second-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 500 Gs to obtain magnetic substance II and non-magnetic substance II; The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.03 kWh; The yield of the second magnetic substance is 3.25%, and the yield of the second non-magnetic substance is 1.25%; Step 4: After mixing and concentrating the first non-magnetic substance and the second non-magnetic substance to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, 0.6 g of calcium oxide is added and stirred for 3 min, 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil are added and stirred for 2 min, and then aerated at an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 5 min for rough selection to obtain the second flotation foam and the rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to perform primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on the second flotation foam in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and the remaining cleaning tailings are gradually returned to the previous operation; The yield of the copper concentrate is 3.18%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 17.59%, and the copper recovery rate is 74.24%; Step 6: At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil are added to the rough selection tailings and stirred for 2 min respectively, and then primary scavenging is performed for 3 min to obtain the primary scavenging concentrate and the scavenging tailings. The primary scavenging concentrate is returned to the rough selection operation; At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil are added to the scavenging tailings and stirred for 2 min respectively, and then secondary scavenging is performed for 3 min to obtain the tailings and the secondary scavenging concentrate. The secondary scavenging concentrate is returned to the primary scavenging; The yield of the tailings is 78.57%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.21%, and the copper recovery rate is 21.9%.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a method for recovering non-ferrous metal ore, including the following steps: Step 1: Grind 1 kg of ore (12.5 mesh, with a copper content of 0.76%) using a ball mill. The amount of ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 30%. After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, perform one-stage magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain the first magnetic substance (copper dissociation degree is 4%) and the first non-magnetic substance; The yield of the first magnetic substance is 51%, and the yield of the first non-magnetic substance is 49%; Step 2: After concentrating the first magnetic substance to 30 wt%, at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, 0.6 g of calcium oxide is added and stirred for 3 min, 0.05 g of copper sulfate is added and stirred for 3 min, 0.01 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil are added and stirred for 2 min, and then aerated at an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 2 min for flotation to obtain the first flotation foam and the remaining first magnetic solid substance; The yield of the first flotation foam is 20.8%, and the yield of the first magnetic solid is 30.2%. Step 3: Grind the first flotation foam with a ball mill. The proportion of the ore with a grinding fineness below 200 mesh accounts for 80% (where the dissociation degree of copper is 60%). After adjusting the pulp concentration of the ground ore to 20 wt%, conduct second-stage magnetic separation under a magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs to obtain the second magnetic substance and the second non-magnetic substance. The energy consumption of the ball mill is 0.1 kWh. The yield of the second magnetic substance is 7.9%, and the yield of the second non-magnetic substance is 12.9%. Step 4: Mix and concentrate the first non-magnetic substance and the second non-magnetic substance to 30 wt%. Then, at a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, successively add 0.6 g of calcium oxide and stir for 3 min, add 0.06 g of butyl xanthate and 0.02 g of pine oil and stir for 2 min. Then, conduct rough selection with an aeration rate of 0.05 m³ / m²•h for 5 min to obtain the second flotation foam and the rough selection tailings. Step 5: Continue to conduct primary cleaning for 3 min and secondary cleaning for 2 min on the second flotation foam in a flotation machine to obtain copper concentrate, and return the remaining cleaning tailings to the previous operation step by step. The yield of the copper concentrate is 3.33%, the copper content in the copper concentrate is 16.68%, and the copper recovery rate is 72.71%. Step 6: At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, successively add 0.03 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the rough selection tailings and stir for 2 min respectively. Then, conduct primary scavenging for 3 min to obtain the primary scavenging concentrate and the scavenging tailings. Return the primary scavenging concentrate to the rough selection operation. At a stirring speed of 1992 r / min, successively add 0.02 g of butyl xanthate and 0.01 g of pine oil to the scavenging tailings and stir for 2 min respectively. Then, conduct secondary scavenging for 3 min to obtain the tailings and the secondary scavenging concentrate. Return the secondary scavenging concentrate to the primary scavenging. The yield of the tailings is 58.75%, the copper content in the tailings is 0.25%, and the copper recovery rate is 19.17%.

[0066] Table 1 shows the energy consumption and recovery rate in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention

[0067] As shown in Table 1 and the examples, the yield of magnetic substance 1 obtained after a single magnetic separation in the method of the present invention is relatively high, about 30%. If all the grinding is carried out, a large amount of electric energy will be consumed. However, after the specific flotation process in the present invention, only the flotation foam after flotation needs to be ground, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced. At the same time, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals recovered is high. In Comparative Example 1, without flotation, the magnetic substance 1 was directly ground, resulting in a decrease in the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals in non-magnetic substance 2. At the same time, the energy consumption also increased significantly. If the reaction of the present invention is scaled up, its energy consumption will increase exponentially and the cost will increase. In Comparative Example 2, the magnetic field intensity of magnetic separation was reduced, resulting in a significant decrease in the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals. In Comparative Example 3, the grinding time was reduced, which although reduced the energy consumption, but the dissociation degree of non-ferrous metals was also relatively reduced, resulting in a decrease in the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals.

[0068] From the above, it can be seen that the method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by energy-saving wet magnetic separation and flotation according to the present invention has a very wide range of applications, low energy consumption, and extremely high market prospects.

[0069] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any other form. Any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention still belongs to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for jointly recovering non-ferrous metals by using energy-saving wet magnetic separation and flotation, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Grind the ore, adjust the pulp density, and then conduct first-stage magnetic separation to obtain magnetic substance 1 and non-magnetic substance 1; Step 2: Concentrate the magnetic substance 1, stir in flotation reagents, and then conduct flotation with aeration to obtain flotation foam 1 and remaining magnetic solid substance 1; Step 3: Grind the flotation foam 1, adjust the pulp density, and then conduct second-stage magnetic separation to obtain magnetic substance 2 and non-magnetic substance 2; Step 4: Mix and concentrate the non-magnetic substance 1 and the non-magnetic substance 2, stir in flotation reagents, and then conduct rough selection with aeration to obtain flotation foam 2 and rough selection tailings; Step 5: Continue to conduct first-stage cleaning and second-stage cleaning on the flotation foam 2 to obtain non-ferrous metal concentrate, and return the remaining cleaning tailings to the previous operation step by step; Step 6: Stir in flotation reagent 1 for the rough selection tailings to conduct first-stage scavenging to obtain first-stage scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings, and return the first-stage scavenging concentrate to the rough selection operation; Stir in flotation reagent 2 for the scavenging tailings to conduct second-stage scavenging to obtain tailings and second-stage scavenging concentrate, and return the second-stage scavenging concentrate to the first-stage scavenging.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 1, the fineness of the ore is 11 - 25 mesh, and the non-ferrous metal content in the ore is 0.5 - 1.9%.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 1, the magnetic field intensity of the first-stage magnetic separation is 800 - 2000 Gs.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 1, the yield of the magnetic substance 1 is 30 - 45%, and the yield of the non-magnetic substance 1 is 55 - 70%.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 2, the yield of the flotation foam 1 is 7 - 18%, and the yield of the magnetic solid substance 1 is 23 - 27%.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 3, the amount of ore ground to a fineness of less than 200 mesh is 81 - 95%.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 3, the degree of dissociation of non-ferrous metals in the flotation foam 1 during grinding is 70 - 90%.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 3, the energy consumption of the ball mill during grinding is 0.05 - 0.15 kWh.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 5, the non-ferrous metal content in the non-ferrous metal concentrate is 20 - 62%.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 5, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals in the non-ferrous metal concentrate is 81 - 93%.

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