Vertical lathe fixture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lathe fixtures, and particularly discloses a vertical lathe fixture which comprises a four-jaw hydraulic chuck provided with two symmetrically arranged first clamping mechanisms and two symmetrically arranged second clamping mechanisms. A clamping space for clamping a workpiece is formed between the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms; the first clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping block installed on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck, and a positioning part used for fixing a workpiece is installed on the first clamping block. A floating shaft is vertically connected to the second clamping block in a sliding mode. At the moment, as the alignment assembly is attached to the datum plane of the workpiece, the workpiece machining accuracy can be improved, the workpiece machining quality is improved on the side face, and the yield is increased. By the adoption of the mode, the zero point position of the product during machining can be quickly found, complex programs and mechanisms do not need to be adopted to achieve positioning of the datum plane of the workpiece, and operation is easier and more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lathe fixtures, and particularly to a vertical lathe fixture. Background Art

[0002] Vertical lathe fixtures are mainly used to fix workpieces on vertical lathes for machining. The workpiece is firmly fixed on the lathe through a clamping mechanism to ensure that the workpiece does not move or loosen during the machining process. This can provide stable machining conditions and reduce machining errors. A suitable fixture can provide good rigidity and stability, reduce vibration and deformation during machining, thereby improving machining accuracy and surface quality, fix the workpiece, prevent it from accidentally detaching or moving during the machining process, and thus improve the safety of operation.

[0003] In the prior art, such as a Chinese patent with the authorization publication number CN222359599U and the name of a clamping device for a vertical garage fixture, the above patent discloses a clamping device for a vertical lathe fixture, including a housing. A plurality of square tubes penetrate through the outer wall of the housing movably. The plurality of square tubes are arranged in a circumferential array centered on the housing. One end of the square tube located inside the housing is connected with a driving component. One end of the square tube located outside the housing is slidably connected with a square rod. A bolt is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the square tube located outside the housing. The threaded end of the bolt abuts against the outer wall of the square rod. One end of the square rod is fixedly provided with a clamping rod.

[0004] Another example is a Chinese patent with the authorization publication number CN222243698U and the name of a vertical lathe fixture. The above patent discloses a vertical lathe fixture, including a fixture body. A calibration inner hole is provided on the fixture body. A crankshaft is arranged inside the fixture body. A positioning component is provided on the fixture body. A support block is fixedly installed on the fixture body. A frame is arranged inside the support block. An air delivery component is arranged inside the frame. A sliding groove is arranged inside the support block. A driving plate penetrates through the inside of the square groove.

[0005] In the prior art such as the above patents, it can meet the machining needs of workpieces to a certain extent. However, in the construction machinery industry, there are products such as camshafts and shaft fans. Many of the above-mentioned products are irregularly shaped products composed of a combination of cylindrical and square shapes. In addition to causing difficulties in clamping, the most important thing is that when machining such products, it is difficult to determine the machining reference (the zero position of the Z-axis coordinate of the product) because clamping and positioning cannot be taken into account at the same time. In the prior art, generally, machining is carried out through a reference conversion method: that is, the coordinate zero position is determined through other references. However, the disadvantage of the above operation is that after the reference conversion, the machining dimensions are unstable relative to the original reference, resulting in unqualified dimensions of the machined products. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a vertical lathe fixture to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A vertical lathe fixture includes a four-jaw hydraulic chuck. The four-jaw hydraulic chuck is provided with two symmetrically arranged first clamping mechanisms and two symmetrically arranged second clamping mechanisms. A clamping space for clamping the workpiece is formed between the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms; The first clamping mechanism includes a first clamping block installed on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck, and a positioning portion for fixing the workpiece is installed on the first clamping block; A floating shaft is vertically slidably connected to the second clamping block, and an elastic member is arranged between the floating shaft and the second clamping block. The elastic force of the elastic member drives the floating shaft to move upward; And an alignment component is installed on the second clamping block.

[0008] Further, the alignment component includes a tool setting plate slidably connected to the second clamping block, and the tool setting plate is installed on the floating shaft; The turning tool abuts against the tool setting plate.

[0009] Further, a guide block is installed on the second clamping block, the floating shaft is slidably connected to the guide block, and the elastic member includes a compression spring installed between the floating shaft and the second clamping block.

[0010] Further, a positioning portion is also arranged between the first clamping block and the floating shaft; The positioning portion includes a limiting rod installed on the second clamping block, and a limiting groove adapted to the limiting rod is formed on the floating shaft, and the limiting rod is slidably connected to the limiting groove.

[0011] Further, the positioning portion includes a pressing plate installed on the first clamping block, and a backing plate is also arranged on the first clamping block. A positioning space is formed between the pressing plate and the backing plate, and the workpiece is installed inside the positioning space through a protruding portion.

[0012] Further, screws are arranged on the pressing plate, and the screws are threadedly connected to the pressing plate.

[0013] Further, adjusting rods are installed on both the first clamping block and the second clamping block through nuts to clamp the workpiece.

[0014] Further, there are two pressing plates, which are respectively slidably connected to the first clamping block through connecting rods; A triggering portion for driving the pressing plate to move downward is arranged on the first clamping block.

[0015] Further, the triggering portion includes a triggering rod slidably connected to the first clamping block, a limiting portion is arranged between the triggering rod and the first clamping block, and the two connecting rods are fixedly connected through a cross plate. A triggering groove adapted to the triggering rod is formed on the cross plate, and the triggering rod intermittently abuts against the triggering groove.

[0016] Furthermore, a reset spring is also arranged between the connecting rod and the first clamping block.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: for this vertical lathe fixture, when it is necessary to use this fixture, first install the workpiece on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck, and then the four-jaw hydraulic chuck drives the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms to approach each other to pre-fix the workpiece. At the same time, when the workpiece is installed on the second clamping block, the workpiece will come into contact with the floating shaft at this moment, and the elastic force of the elastic member drives the floating shaft to move upward. After the floating shaft moves upward, the bottom of the workpiece will be pressed against the floating shaft so that the floating shaft is in a predetermined position. At this moment, the alignment component on the second clamping block will fit with the A reference plane of the workpiece, that is, the reference plane of the workpiece can be easily found. Then, use the four-jaw hydraulic chuck again to drive the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms to approach, and completely fix the workpiece. Then, perform processing operations on the workpiece. At this time, because the alignment component fits with the reference plane of the workpiece, the accuracy of the workpiece during processing can be improved, the processing quality of the workpiece can be improved on the side, and the yield rate can be increased. At the same time, by adopting the above method, the zero position during product processing can be quickly found, and there is no need to use complex programs and mechanisms to realize the positioning of the workpiece reference plane. The operation is simpler and more convenient, and it is suitable for wide promotion and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top view structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For Figure 3 it is a schematic cross-sectional structure along A-A in Figure 5 For Figure 4 it is a schematic enlarged structure of area A in Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the workpiece hidden state structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the second clamping mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8Schematic diagram of the abutting state between the first clamping mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention and a workpiece; Figure 9 Exploded state structural diagram of the second clamping mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the abutting state between the first clamping mechanism provided by another embodiment of the present invention and a workpiece; Figure 11 Partial structural diagram of the first clamping mechanism provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the separated state between the trigger rod and the trigger groove provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, four-jaw hydraulic chuck; 2, first clamping block; 3, second clamping block; 4, workpiece; 41, protruding portion; 5, pressing plate; 6, adjusting rod; 7, nut; 8, screw; 9, guiding block; 10, floating shaft; 11, tool setting plate; 12, compression spring; 13, limiting rod; 14, limiting groove; 15, turning tool; 16, backing plate; 17, connecting rod; 18, trigger rod; 19, return spring; 20, cross plate; 21, trigger groove; 22, limiting portion. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 - 12 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a vertical lathe fixture, including a four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1, the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 is provided with two symmetrically arranged first clamping mechanisms and two symmetrically arranged second clamping mechanisms, and a clamping space for clamping the workpiece 4 is formed between the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms; the first clamping mechanism includes a first clamping block 2 installed on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1, and a positioning portion for fixing the workpiece 4 is installed on the first clamping block 2; a floating shaft 10 is vertically slidably connected to the second clamping block 3, and an elastic member is arranged between the floating shaft 10 and the second clamping block 3, and the elastic force of the elastic member drives the floating shaft 10 to move upward; and an alignment assembly is installed on the second clamping block 3.

[0023] Specifically, the vertical lathe fixture includes a four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1. The four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 is provided with two symmetrically arranged first clamping mechanisms and two symmetrically arranged second clamping mechanisms. A clamping space for clamping the workpiece 4 is formed between the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms. Specifically, a power source is arranged at the bottom of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1, so as to be able to drive the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms to move synchronously, so as to be able to clamp and fix the workpiece 4, and further improve the stability of the workpiece 4 during processing, and the use effect is better. Specifically, the first clamping mechanism includes a first clamping block 2 installed on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1. A positioning portion for fixing the workpiece 4 is installed on the first clamping block 2. During use, when the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 drives the first clamping block 2 to slide, the positioning portion is driven by the first clamping block 2 to clamp and fix the workpiece 4, so as to meet the fixing requirements of the workpiece 4.

[0024] A floating shaft 10 is vertically slidably connected to the second clamping block 3, and an elastic member is arranged between the floating shaft 10 and the second clamping block 3. The elastic force of the elastic member drives the floating shaft 10 to move upward, and an alignment assembly is installed on the second clamping block 3 for positioning the reference plane of the workpiece.

[0025] When the fixture needs to be used, first install the workpiece 4 on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1. Then, the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 drives the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms to approach each other to pre-fix the workpiece 4. At the same time, when the workpiece 4 is installed on the second clamping block 3, the workpiece 4 will contact the floating shaft 10 at this moment. The elastic force of the elastic member drives the floating shaft 10 to move upward. After the floating shaft 10 moves upward, the bottom of the workpiece 4 will be pressed against the floating shaft 10 so that the floating shaft 10 is in a predetermined position. At this moment, the alignment assembly on the second clamping block 3 will fit with the A reference plane of the workpiece 4, that is, the reference plane of the workpiece 4 can be easily found.

[0026] Then, use the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 again to drive the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms to approach each other to completely fix the workpiece 4. Then, a machining operation is performed on the workpiece 4. At this moment, because the alignment assembly fits with the reference plane of the workpiece 4, the accuracy of the workpiece 4 during machining can be improved, the machining quality of the workpiece 4 can be improved laterally, and the yield rate can be increased. At the same time, by adopting the above method, the zero position during product machining can be quickly found, and there is no need to use complex programs and mechanisms to realize the positioning of the reference plane of the workpiece 4. The operation is simpler and more convenient, and it is suitable for wide promotion and use.

[0027] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the alignment assembly includes a tool setting plate 11 slidably connected to the second clamping block 3, and the tool setting plate 11 is mounted on the floating shaft 10; the turning tool 15 abuts against the tool setting plate 11. Specifically, the turning tool 15 is a prior art tool used for machining the workpiece 4, and in the prior art, there is a power unit for controlling the movement of the turning tool 15, which will not be elaborated here. During use, under the restrictive action of the elastic member on the floating shaft 10, the tool setting plate 11 moves upward. At this moment, after the turning tool 15 abuts against the tool setting plate 11, the turning tool 15 can be brought into contact with the A reference plane of the workpiece 4, finding the reference plane of the workpiece 4, which can improve the accuracy during the machining of the workpiece 4.

[0028] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a guide block 9 is mounted on the second clamping block 3, and the floating shaft 10 is slidably connected to the guide block 9, which can improve the stability of the floating shaft 10 during sliding. The elastic member includes a compression spring 12 installed between the floating shaft 10 and the second clamping block 3. The elastic force of the compression spring 12 drives the tool setting plate 11 to move upward so that the tool setting plate 11 abuts against the bottom. At this moment, after the external turning tool 15 abuts against the tool setting plate 11, the turning tool 15 is brought into contact with the A reference plane of the workpiece 4.

[0029] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a positioning portion is further provided between the first clamping block 2 and the floating shaft 10; the positioning portion includes a limiting rod 13 mounted on the second clamping block 3, and a limiting groove 14 adapted to the limiting rod 13 is formed on the floating shaft 10. The limiting rod 13 is slidably connected to the limiting groove 14, which can greatly improve the stability of the floating shaft 10 during sliding, and further improve the accuracy during the machining of the workpiece 4 to meet the working requirements.

[0030] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the positioning portion includes a pressing plate 5 mounted on the first clamping block 2, and a backing plate 16 is further provided on the first clamping block 2. A positioning space is formed between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 16, and the workpiece 4 is installed inside the positioning space through the protruding portion 41, which can facilitate the clamping and fixing of the workpiece 4. At this moment, during use, when the workpiece 4 needs to be fixed, after the first clamping block 2 is driven by the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 to slide to a predetermined position, the pressing plate 5 is used to restrict the workpiece 4, thus meeting the fixing requirements of the workpiece 4 and having a better use effect.

[0031] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a screw 8 is provided on the pressing plate 5, and the screw 8 is threadedly connected to the pressing plate 5, which can further improve the stability of the workpiece 4 during fixing.

[0032] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, adjusting rods 6 are installed on both the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 through nuts 7 to clamp the workpiece 4. At this moment, when it is necessary to fix the workpiece 4, after the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 drives the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 to slide to the predetermined positions, the adjusting rods 6 are respectively rotated on the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3. Thus, after the adjusting rods 6 move to the predetermined positions, the workpiece 4 is limited, further improving the stability when the workpiece 4 is fixed. Preferably, the adjusting rods 6 are threadedly connected to the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3, that is, when the adjusting rods 6 rotate, they slide, so that the state of the adjusting rods 6 can be adjusted according to the working needs, and thus the state of the adjusting rods 6 can be adjusted according to different models of the workpiece 4 to meet the working needs.

[0033] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, there are two pressing plates 5, which are respectively slidably connected to the first clamping block 2 through connecting rods 17. More specifically, the connecting rods 17 are vertically slidably connected to the first clamping block 2. And a triggering portion for driving the pressing plate 5 to move downward is provided on the first clamping block 2. At this moment, after the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 drives the first clamping block 2 to move a certain stroke, the triggering portion will drive the connecting rod 17 to drive the pressing plate 5 to slide vertically, and then the workpiece 4 can be fixed by the pressing plate 5, so as to meet the fixing requirement of the workpiece 4.

[0034] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the triggering part includes a triggering rod 18 slidably connected to the first clamping block 2, and a limiting part 22 is arranged between the triggering rod 18 and the first clamping block 2. The two connecting rods 17 are fixedly connected by a cross plate 20, and a triggering groove 21 adapted to the triggering rod 18 is formed on the cross plate 20, and the triggering rod 18 is intermittently abutted against the triggering groove 21. Preferably, the limiting part 22 includes a limiting strip fixedly connected to the triggering rod 18, and a limiting groove 14 adapted to the limiting strip is formed on the first clamping block 2, and the limiting strip is slidably connected to the limiting groove 14. When the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 drives the first clamping block 2 to move a certain stroke, the triggering strip starts to abut against the workpiece 4 at this moment. After that, when the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 continuously drives the first clamping block 2 to slide, the triggering rod 18 will slide inside the first clamping block 2. When the triggering rod 18 slides to a certain position, it starts to abut against the triggering groove 21 on the cross plate 20. And as the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 continuously drives the first clamping block 2 to slide, the triggering rod 18 will drive the cross plate 20 to move downward after abutting against the triggering groove 21, and then drive the two connecting rods 17 to move downward synchronously through the cross plate 20, so that after the two pressing plates 5 move downward, the workpiece 4 is fixed by the pressing plates 5, thereby further improving the stability of the workpiece 4 during fixation. The passive realization of the fixation of the workpiece 4 by the pressing plate 5 during the stroke of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 driving the first clamping block 2 to move can greatly improve the stability of the workpiece 4 during processing, and at the same time, can reduce the use of the drive source. It can not only save costs and energy consumption, but also reduce the working procedures, and then can improve the efficiency of fixing and disassembling the workpiece 4, which is suitable for wide promotion and use, and the effect is excellent.

[0035] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a return spring 19 is further arranged between the connecting rod 17 and the first clamping block 2, and the elastic force of the return spring 19 drives the pressing plate 5 to move upward. That is, when the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 1 drives the first clamping block 2 to slide to the side away from the workpiece 4, after the cross plate 20 is released from the restriction at this moment, the elastic force of the return spring 19 drives the pressing plate 5 to move upward, that is, the pressing plate 5 is separated from the workpiece 4, so as to disassemble the workpiece 4, and the use effect is better.

[0036] It should be noted that the electrical equipment involved in this application can be powered by a storage battery or an external power supply.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "provided with", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vertical lathe fixture, including a four-jaw hydraulic chuck (1), characterized in that: The four-jaw hydraulic chuck (1) is provided with two symmetrically arranged first clamping mechanisms and two symmetrically arranged second clamping mechanisms. A clamping space for clamping the workpiece (4) is formed between the two first clamping mechanisms and the two second clamping mechanisms; The first clamping mechanism includes a first clamping block (2) installed on the four-jaw hydraulic chuck (1). A positioning portion for fixing the workpiece (4) is installed on the first clamping block (2); A floating shaft (10) is vertically slidably connected to the second clamping block (3), and an elastic member is provided between the floating shaft (10) and the second clamping block (3). The elastic force of the elastic member drives the floating shaft (10) to move upward; And an alignment component is installed on the second clamping block (3).

2. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 1, wherein: The alignment component includes a tool setting plate (11) slidably connected to the second clamping block (3), and the tool setting plate (11) is installed on the floating shaft (10); The turning tool (15) abuts against the tool setting plate (11).

3. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide block (9) is installed on the second clamping block (3). The floating shaft (10) is slidably connected to the guide block (9), and the elastic member includes a compression spring (12) installed between the floating shaft (10) and the second clamping block (3).

4. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning portion is further provided between the first clamping block (2) and the floating shaft (10); The positioning portion includes a limiting rod (13) installed on the second clamping block (3), and a limiting groove (14) adapted to the limiting rod (13) is formed on the floating shaft (10). The limiting rod (13) is slidably connected to the limiting groove (14).

5. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning portion includes a pressing plate (5) installed on the first clamping block (2), and a backing plate (16) is further provided on the first clamping block (2). A positioning space is formed between the pressing plate (5) and the backing plate (16). The workpiece (4) is installed inside the positioning space through a protruding portion (41).

6. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: A screw (8) is provided on the pressing plate (5), and the screw (8) is threadedly connected to the pressing plate (5).

7. A vertical lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting rods (6) are installed on both the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3) through nuts (7) to clamp the workpiece (4).

8. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 5, wherein: There are two pressing plates (5), which are respectively slidably connected to the first clamping block (2) through connecting rods (17); A triggering portion for driving the pressing plate (5) to move downward is provided on the first clamping block (2).

9. The vertical lathe fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The triggering portion includes a triggering rod (18) slidably connected to the first clamping block (2), and a limiting portion (22) is provided between the triggering rod (18) and the first clamping block (2). And the two connecting rods (17) are fixedly connected through a cross plate (20); A triggering groove (21) adapted to the triggering rod (18) is formed on the cross plate (20), and the triggering rod (18) intermittently abuts against the triggering groove (21).

10. A vertical lathe fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: A return spring (19) is further provided between the connecting rod (17) and the first clamping block (2).

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