Dimming assembly and display module

Abstract

The invention discloses a dimming assembly and a display module. The dimming assembly comprises a first dimming layer, a first light-transmitting layer comprising a plurality of first light-transmitting parts and a second light-transmitting layer comprising a plurality of second light-transmitting parts, the second dimming layer comprises a plurality of first dimming parts and a plurality of second dimming parts, and the first dimming parts and the second dimming parts are alternately and adjacently arranged in the first direction; the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer comprises a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films which are arranged at intervals and are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second dimming parts; the control electrode layer comprises a plurality of control electrodes which are electrically connected with the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to be capable of being switched between a light transmitting state and a light reflecting state; the first dimming part is configured to allow light entering the first dimming part to exit; the second dimming part is configured to be matched with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film, so that light rays entering the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film can be emitted from the second dimming part or transmitted to the first dimming layer. Through the arrangement, the problems of insufficient light utilization rate and low brightness are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and particularly to a dimming component and a display module. Background Art

[0002] With the development of display technologies, display panels require a wider viewing angle so that users can view the content displayed on the display panel from various angles. However, in public places, due to the increased viewing angle, it also brings unnecessary trouble to the leakage of user privacy. In this case, a narrow viewing angle is required for anti-peeping. Therefore, the demand for display panels that can achieve controllable wide and narrow viewing angles is gradually increasing.

[0003] Currently, an anti-peeping film is usually used to achieve the switching between the wide and narrow viewing angles of a display panel. However, in related technologies, there are problems such as low light transmittance, insufficient light utilization, and low brightness of the display panel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application mainly provides a dimming component and a display module to solve the problems of insufficient light utilization and low brightness of the display panel in related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present application is: providing a dimming component applied to a display module, including: A first dimming layer, including a first light-transmitting layer and a second light-transmitting layer. The first light-transmitting layer includes a plurality of first light-transmitting portions, and the second light-transmitting layer includes a plurality of second light-transmitting portions; along a first direction, the first light-transmitting portions and the second light-transmitting portions are alternately and fittingly arranged; the refractive indexes of the first light-transmitting portions and the second light-transmitting portions are different; A second dimming layer, disposed on one side of the first dimming layer; including a plurality of first dimming portions and a plurality of second dimming portions. Along the first direction, the first dimming portions and the second dimming portions are alternately and closely arranged; the refractive indexes of the first dimming portions and the second dimming portions are different; A liquid crystal polymer dimming layer, disposed on one side of the second dimming layer, including a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films arranged at intervals, and the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second dimming portions; A control electrode layer, disposed on one side of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer, including a plurality of control electrodes; the plurality of control electrodes are electrically connected to the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films in one-to-one correspondence; Wherein, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to be capable of switching between a light-transmitting state and a light-reflecting state under the control of the control electrode; The first light dimming part is configured to allow the light incident thereon to exit; the second light dimming part is configured to cooperate with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film so that the light incident on the second light dimming part can exit from the second light dimming part, or transmit the light incident on the second light dimming part to the first light dimming layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, the control electrode is configured to be able to switch between an energized state and a de-energized state; when the control electrode is in the energized state, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is in a light reflecting state; when the control electrode is in the de-energized state, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is in a light transmitting state.

[0007] In some embodiments, the material of the second light dimming part is a negative refractive index material, and the material of the first light dimming part is a positive refractive index material; The liquid crystal polymer light dimming layer is disposed on a side of the second light dimming layer close to the first light dimming layer; the control electrode layer is disposed on a side of the liquid crystal polymer light dimming layer close to the first light dimming layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the surface of the second light dimming part in contact with the first light dimming part is a plane, the surface of the second light dimming part in contact with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is a plane, and the surface of the second light dimming part away from the first light dimming layer is a plane; The second light dimming part is configured to perform negative refraction on the light incident on the second light dimming part and the light exiting from the second light dimming part; The cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to reflect the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film when in the light reflecting state; allow the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film to exit when in the light transmitting state.

[0009] In some embodiments, the material of the second light dimming part includes any one of a silver-aluminum hybrid material and a copper crystal film bonding material; and / or, The material of the first light dimming part includes borate glass.

[0010] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the second light dimming part is from -1.12 to -0.92; the refractive index of the first light dimming part is from 1.67 to 1.87; and / or, The material of the first light transmitting part includes silicate glass; and / or, The refractive index of the first light transmitting part is from 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The material of the second light transmitting part includes borate glass; and / or, The refractive index of the second light transmitting part is from 1.67 to 1.87; and / or, The refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is 1.67 to 1.87; and / or, The refractive index of the control electrode is 1.67 to 1.87.

[0011] In some embodiments, the materials of the second light modulating part and the first light modulating part are both positive refractive index materials; The liquid crystal polymer light modulating layer is disposed on the surface of the second light modulating part away from the first light modulating layer, the surface of the second light modulating part away from the first light modulating layer is an arc surface, and the arc surface is a convex surface protruding toward the liquid crystal polymer light modulating layer; The control electrode layer is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal polymer light modulating layer away from the first light modulating layer; The cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to reflect light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film when in the reflective state; and allow light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film to exit when in the transmissive state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the material of the second light modulating part includes silicate glass; and / or, the refractive index of the second light modulating part is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The material of the first light modulating part includes borate glass; and / or, the refractive index of the first light modulating part is 1.9 to 2.2; and / or, The material of the first light transmissive part includes silicate glass; and / or, the refractive index of the first light transmissive part is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The material of the second light transmissive part includes a cerium oxide coating; and / or, the refractive index of the second light transmissive part is 1.9 to 2.2; and / or, The refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The refractive index of the control electrode is 1.40 to 1.62.

[0013] In some embodiments, the light modulating assembly further includes a microstructure layer, the microstructure layer is disposed between the first light modulating layer and the second light modulating layer, and includes a plurality of microstructure groups, and the plurality of microstructure groups are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second light modulating parts; Each microstructure group includes a plurality of closely arranged microprisms, the surface of the microprism close to the second light modulating part is a conical surface, and the conical surface is a convex surface protruding toward the second light modulating part; Along the direction from the side of the conical surface close to the first light modulating layer to the side away from the first light modulating layer, the refractive index of the conical surface gradually increases; or, in the radial direction of the microprism, along the direction from the center of the conical surface to the edge, the refractive index of the conical surface gradually increases.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first light-transmitting portion is a first prism, the second light-transmitting portion is a second prism, the ridge peak of the first prism is arranged towards the second dimming layer, and the ridge peak of the second prism is arranged away from the second dimming layer; the first prism is embedded between two adjacent second prisms, and the ridge peaks of multiple first prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of multiple second prisms, and the ridge peaks of multiple second prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of multiple first prisms; And / or, the apex angle of the first prism is 90°, and the apex angle of the second prism is 90°.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by this application is: to provide a display module, including: A display panel; A backlight module, arranged on one side of the display panel for providing a backlight source for the display panel; A dimming component as described in any one of the above; the dimming component is arranged on the side of the display panel close to the backlight module, and the first dimming layer is located on the side of the second dimming layer close to the backlight module; the dimming component is configured to be able to switch the display module between a privacy mode and a wide viewing angle mode.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: Different from the prior art, the present application discloses a dimming component and a display module. The dimming component is applied to the display module and includes: a first dimming layer, including a first light-transmitting layer and a second light-transmitting layer. The first light-transmitting layer includes a plurality of first light-transmitting portions, and the second light-transmitting layer includes a plurality of second light-transmitting portions. Along the first direction, the first light-transmitting portions and the second light-transmitting portions are alternately and fittingly arranged. The refractive indices of the first light-transmitting portions and the second light-transmitting portions are different. A second dimming layer is arranged on one side of the first dimming layer and includes a plurality of first dimming portions and a plurality of second dimming portions. Along the first direction, the first dimming portions and the second dimming portions are alternately and closely arranged. The refractive indices of the first dimming portions and the second dimming portions are different. A liquid crystal polymer dimming layer is arranged on one side of the second dimming layer and includes a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films arranged at intervals, and the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second dimming portions. A control electrode layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer and includes a plurality of control electrodes. The plurality of control electrodes are electrically connected to the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films in one-to-one correspondence. Among them, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to be able to switch between a light-transmitting state and a light-reflecting state under the control of the control electrode. The first dimming portion is configured to allow the light incident thereon to exit. The second dimming portion is configured to cooperate with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film so that the light incident on the second dimming portion can exit from the second dimming portion, or transmit the light incident on the second dimming portion to the first dimming layer. By alternately and closely arranging the first dimming portion and the second dimming portion, and controlling the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film to switch between the light-transmitting state and the light-reflecting state by the control electrode, the first dimming portion allows the light incident thereon to exit, and the second dimming portion cooperates with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film, so that the light incident on the second dimming portion can exit from the second dimming portion or be transmitted to the first dimming layer, realizing the switching between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode. And in the narrow viewing angle mode, that is, the anti-peeping mode, the light incident on the second dimming portion can be re-transmitted to the first dimming layer, and after being re-adjusted by the first dimming layer, it can exit from the first dimming portion again, effectively improving the utilization rate of the light incident on the second dimming portion. In the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode, the light can have a relatively high transmittance, which is beneficial to improving the display brightness of the display panel and improving the display performance, and solves the problems of insufficient light utilization rate and low brightness of the display panel in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings, where: Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the display module provided; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming component of the display module provided; Figure 4 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of light transmission of the display module in a wide viewing angle mode provided; Figure 5 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of light transmission of the display module in a narrow viewing angle mode provided; Figure 6 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the display module provided; Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming component of the display module provided; Figure 8 is Figure 6 a schematic diagram of light transmission of the display module in a wide viewing angle mode provided; Figure 9 is Figure 6 a schematic diagram of light transmission of the display module in a narrow viewing angle mode provided.

[0018] Reference numerals in the drawings: 400, display module; 300, display panel; 200, backlight module; 100, dimming component; 1, first dimming layer; 11, first light-transmitting layer; 111, first light-transmitting part; 12, second light-transmitting layer; 112, second light-transmitting part; 2, second dimming layer; 21, first dimming part; 22, second dimming part; 3, liquid crystal polymer dimming layer; 31, cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film; 4, control electrode layer; 41, control electrode; 5, microstructure layer; 51, microstructure group. Detailed embodiments

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] The terms "first", "second", and "third" in the embodiments of the present application are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0021] Reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] See Figures 1 to 9 , an embodiment of the present application provides a display module 400, and the display module 400 includes a display panel 300, a dimming component 100, and a backlight module 200.

[0023] See Figure 2 and Figure 6 , wherein the backlight module 200 is disposed on one side of the display panel 300 and is used to provide a backlight source for the display panel 300. The dimming component 100 is disposed on the side of the display panel 300 close to the backlight module 200. The dimming component 100 is used to adjust the light emitted from the backlight module 200 to the display panel 300. Specifically, the dimming component 100 is configured to enable the display panel 300 of the display module 400 to switch between a privacy mode (narrow viewing angle mode) and a wide viewing angle mode, thereby meeting different usage requirements and expanding the application scenarios of the display module 400.

[0024] The display panel 300 is used to implement an image display function. The display panel 300 can be a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) display panel, an IPS (In-Plane Switching) display panel, a VA (Vertical Alignment) display panel, an MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) display panel, or it can also be other display panels that cannot emit light independently.

[0025] In this embodiment, the dimming component 100 is a separate structural member independent of the display panel 300 and the backlight module 200. The dimming component 100 can be applied to different display modules 400 to adjust the light rays emitted towards the display panel 300 in the display module 400, change the viewing angle and display mode of the display panel 300, and meet different requirements.

[0026] In other embodiments, the dimming component 100 can also be directly disposed in the display panel 300 as a part of the display panel 300. Specifically, the dimming component 100 is disposed on the light incident side of the display panel 300, or the dimming component 100 can also be disposed in the backlight module 200 as a part of the backlight module 200. Specifically, the dimming component 100 is disposed on the light exit side of the backlight module 200, and can be specifically designed according to needs.

[0027] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the dimming component 100 includes a first dimming layer 1, a second dimming layer 2, a liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3, and a control electrode layer 4. The first dimming layer 1 is located on the side of the second dimming layer 2 close to the backlight module 200. The light rays emitted by the backlight module 200 towards the display panel 300 first enter the first dimming layer 1. After the action of the first dimming layer 1, they then enter the second dimming layer 2, and after being adjusted by the second dimming layer 2, they are transmitted from the side of the second dimming layer 2 away from the first dimming layer 1 towards the display panel 300.

[0028] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the second dimming layer 2 is disposed on one side of the first dimming layer 1. Specifically, the second dimming layer 2 includes a plurality of first dimming portions 21 and a plurality of second dimming portions 22. Along the first direction, the first dimming portions 21 and the second dimming portions 22 are alternately and closely disposed. Among them, the refractive indices of the first dimming portions 21 and the second dimming portions 22 are different.

[0029] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7, the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 is disposed on one side of the second dimming layer 2. Specifically, the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 includes a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films 31 arranged at intervals, and the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films 31 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second dimming portions 22 of the second dimming layer 2.

[0030] See Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the control electrode layer 4 is disposed on one side of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3. Specifically, the control electrode layer 4 includes a plurality of control electrodes 41, and the plurality of control electrodes 41 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films 31 and are electrically connected in one-to-one correspondence. Specifically, the control electrode 41 is a transparent electrode that allows light to pass through.

[0031] Among them, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is configured to be able to switch between a light-transmitting state and a light-reflecting state under the control of the control electrode 41. Specifically, the light-transmitting state means that the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 allows light to pass through, and specifically, it can be a transparent state; the light-reflecting state means that the light incident on the surface of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is reflected, that is, the reflection state.

[0032] The first dimming portion 21 is configured to allow the light incident thereon to exit. The second dimming portion 22 is configured to cooperate with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 so that the light incident on the second dimming portion 22 can exit from the second dimming portion 22, that is, the light can exit from both the first dimming portion 21 and the second dimming portion 22 to achieve a wide viewing angle mode; or, the second dimming portion 22 is configured to cooperate with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 to transmit the light incident on the second dimming portion 22 to the first dimming layer 1, that is, the second dimming portion 22 cooperates with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, so that the light cannot exit from the second dimming portion 22 and can only exit from the first dimming portion 21 to achieve a narrow viewing angle mode, that is, the anti-peeping mode.

[0033] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, by setting the dimming component 100 to include a first dimming layer 1 and a second dimming layer 2, and the first dimming layer 1 includes a plurality of alternately arranged first light-transmitting portions 111 and second light-transmitting portions 112 with different refractive indices, light refracts at the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112, thereby changing the light transmission path, which is beneficial to improving the viewing angle. And by alternately and adjacently arranging the first dimming portion 21 and the second dimming portion 22 with different refractive indices, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is controlled by the control electrode 41 to switch between the light-transmitting state and the light-reflecting state. The first dimming portion 21 allows the incident light to exit. The second dimming portion 22 and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 cooperate, so that the light incident on the second dimming portion 22 can exit from the second dimming portion 22 or be transmitted to the first dimming layer 1, realizing the switching between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. And in the narrow viewing angle mode, that is, the anti-peeping mode, the light incident on the second dimming portion 22 can be re-transmitted to the first dimming layer 1. After being re-adjusted by the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 of the first dimming layer 1, it can exit from the first dimming portion 21 again, effectively improving the utilization rate of the light incident on the second dimming portion 22. In both the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode, the light can have a relatively high transmittance, which is beneficial to improving the display brightness of the display panel 300 and enhancing the display performance, solving the problems of insufficient light utilization rate and low brightness of the display panel 300 in the related art.

[0034] Specifically, in some embodiments, the control electrode 41 is configured to be able to switch between the energized state and the de-energized state, that is, the control electrode 41 can be controlled to change its charged state. In some embodiments, the above-mentioned cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 can be controlled by the control electrode 41 to switch between the light-transmitting state and the light-reflecting state. Specifically, it can mean that when the control electrode 41 is in the energized state, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is controlled by the control electrode 41 to be in the light-reflecting state; when the control electrode 41 is in the de-energized state, that is, when the control electrode 41 is not charged, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-transmitting state. By controlling the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 to switch between the light-transmitting state and the light-reflecting state by the control electrode 41, it is convenient to cooperate with the second dimming portion 22 of the second dimming layer 2, so that the display panel 300 can switch between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode, meeting the different usage requirements of users and expanding the application range of the display module 400.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, there is no need to provide a separate anti-peeping film, which saves costs, simplifies the structure, and avoids the problems of insufficient light transmittance, insufficient light utilization rate, and low brightness of the display panel 300 caused by the anti-peeping film absorbing light. At the same time, the control voltage required for the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is small, which is beneficial to reducing power consumption.

[0036] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , for the display module 400 provided in the embodiments of the present application, in the first implementation manner and the second implementation manner of the display module 400, the structures of the display panel 300 and the backlight module 200 may be the same, and the only difference is that the structures of the dimming component 100 are different.

[0037] Among them, in the first implementation manner and the second implementation manner of the display module 400, the structure of the first dimming layer 1 of the dimming component 100 is the same, and it is disposed on the side of the second dimming layer 2 close to the backlight module 200.

[0038] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 , Figure 7 , in the first implementation manner and the second implementation manner of the display module 400, the first dimming layer 1 includes a first light-transmitting layer 11 and a second light-transmitting layer 12. The first light-transmitting layer 11 includes a plurality of first light-transmitting portions 111, and the second light-transmitting layer 12 includes a plurality of second light-transmitting portions 112. Along the first direction, the first light-transmitting portions 111 and the second light-transmitting portions 112 are alternately and fittingly disposed.

[0039] Specifically, the first direction may be the length direction or the width direction of the display panel 300. For example, the first direction may be the left-right viewing angle direction of the display panel 300, or the first direction may also be the up-down viewing angle direction of the display panel 300.

[0040] Among them, both the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 are light-transmitting materials, and the refractive indexes of the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 are different. It can be understood that by setting the first dimming layer 1 as the first light-transmitting layer 11 and the second light-transmitting layer 12, and setting the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 as materials with different refractive indexes, the light entering the first dimming layer 1 can be refracted at the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112, effectively changing the transmission path of the light, so as to be more conducive to adjusting the transmission direction of the light, and thus conducive to adjusting the viewing angle of the display panel 300 and improving the light utilization rate. Specifically, the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 112 is greater than that of the first light-transmitting portion 111, which is more conducive to expanding the viewing angle.

[0041] Specifically, in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 7 shown, the first light-transmitting portion 111 is a first prism, the second light-transmitting portion 112 is a second prism, and the longitudinal cross-sectional shapes of the first prism and the second prism are both triangular. In a specific embodiment, the longitudinal cross-sectional shapes of the first prism and the second prism are both isosceles triangles. In a specific embodiment, the apex angle of the first prism is 90°, and the apex angle of the second prism is 90°.

[0042] Specifically, the ridge peak of the first prism is arranged towards the second dimming layer 2, the ridge peak of the second prism is arranged away from the second dimming layer 2, along the first direction, a plurality of first prisms and a plurality of second prisms are arranged alternately, and the first prism is embedded between two adjacent second prisms. The ridge peaks of the plurality of first prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of the plurality of second prisms, the second prism is embedded between two adjacent first prisms, and the ridge peaks of the plurality of second prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of the plurality of first prisms.

[0043] Specifically, by setting the longitudinal cross-sectional shapes of the first prism and the second prism as isosceles triangles, and the apex angles of the first prism and the second prism are both 90°, the sides of the first prism and the second prism can be better fitted, so that light is refracted more effectively at the interface between the first prism and the second prism, thereby more effectively adjusting the light transmission path, and more conducive to adjusting the viewing angle of the display panel 300. Moreover, the ridge peaks of the second prism are flush with the bottom surfaces of the plurality of first prisms, and the ridge peaks of the plurality of first prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of the plurality of second prisms, so that the surfaces of the first light-transmitting layer 11 and the second light-transmitting layer 12 facing away from each other are both flat, which is more conducive to light transmission and also facilitates the setting of the remaining structures of the dimming component 100, simplifying the structure.

[0044] In the first embodiment of the display module 400, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 is disposed on the side of the second dimming layer 2 close to the first dimming layer 1, and the control electrode layer 4 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 close to the first dimming layer 1. That is, the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 is located between the second dimming portion 22 of the second dimming layer 2 and the control electrode layer 4, and the control electrode layer 4 is located between the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 and the second light-transmitting layer 12 of the first dimming layer 1.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the surface of the second light-transmitting layer 12 away from the first light-transmitting layer 11 is a plane, and a plurality of control electrodes 41 of the control electrode layer 4 are arranged on the surface of the second light-transmitting layer 12 away from the first light-transmitting layer 11. A plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films 31 of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer 3 are correspondingly arranged on the surfaces of the plurality of control electrodes 41 away from the second light-transmitting layer 12. A plurality of second dimming portions 22 of the second dimming layer 2 are correspondingly arranged on the surfaces of the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films 31 away from the second light-transmitting layer 12. A plurality of first dimming portions 21 of the second dimming layer 2 are correspondingly located between two adjacent second dimming portions 22 and are arranged on the surface of the second light-transmitting layer 12 away from the first light-transmitting layer 11.

[0046] In the first embodiment of the display module 400, in the second dimming layer 2 of the dimming component 100, the material of the second dimming portion 22 is a negative refractive index material, and the material of the first dimming portion 21 is a positive refractive index material. The refractive index of the negative refractive index material is negative, and the refractive index of the positive refractive index material is positive. That is, in the first direction, the positive refractive index material and the negative refractive index material are alternately and adjacently arranged.

[0047] Specifically, the dielectric constant or magnetic permeability of negative index materials is negative, and they have a negative refractive index. Materials with both negative dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are also called double-negative materials. Light waves propagate backward in such media. Materials with negative refractive indices are only artificially structured materials, which are composed of periodically arranged metal wires and non-closed metal rings. In such materials, the directions of the electric field, magnetic field, and wave vector follow the "left-hand" rule, rather than the "right-hand" rule in conventional materials. Therefore, such materials with negative refractive indices are also called left-handed materials. When light waves propagate in them, the direction of energy flow is opposite to the direction of the wave vector. When light rays are incident from a material with a positive refractive index to the interface of a material with a negative refractive index, the refraction of light waves is opposite to conventional refraction, and the incident light ray and the refracted light ray are on the same side of the normal direction of the interface (when normally incident from a material with a positive refractive index to a material with a positive refractive index, the refracted light ray and the incident light ray are on both sides of the normal).

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting the first dimming portion 21 and the second dimming portion 22 as a positive refractive index material and a negative refractive index material respectively, and alternately arranging two materials with different refractive indices, light can undergo negative refraction at the interface between the first dimming portion 21 and the second dimming portion 22, thereby changing the original transmission path of the light, which is more conducive to cooperating with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the control electrode 41 to achieve the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle mode (anti-peeping mode), and is conducive to the reuse of light, improving the light utilization rate, and further enhancing the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0049] In some embodiments, the material of the second light-dimming part 22 includes any one of a silver-aluminum hybrid material and a copper crystal film bonding material. Specifically, the silver-aluminum hybrid material can be solid, liquid or semi-solid, and the copper crystal film bonding material can be specifically formed by growing copper crystals on a polymer material film, and the polymer material film can be a material such as polyimide.

[0050] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the second light-dimming part 22 is from -1.12 to -0.92. In a specific embodiment, the refractive index of the second light-dimming part 22 is -1.02. By setting the refractive index of the second light-dimming part 22 within the above range, negative refraction can occur better at the interface between the second light-dimming part 22 and the first light-dimming part 21, which is more conducive to changing the light transmission path and improving the light utilization rate.

[0051] See Figures 2 to 5 , in a specific embodiment, the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 that fits the first light-dimming part 21 is a plane, which is convenient for the light incident on the interface between the second light-dimming part 22 and the first light-dimming part 21 to have negative refraction better and change the light transmission path more effectively. In a specific embodiment, the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 that fits the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is a plane, so that after being adjusted by the second light-dimming part 22, when the light is incident on the interface between the second light-dimming part 22 and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, it can be reflected or transmitted by the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 better, so that it can be emitted from the second light-dimming part 22 or re-enter the first light-dimming layer 1 for utilization.

[0052] See Figures 2 to 5 , in a specific embodiment, the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1 is a plane, avoiding the problem that when the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1 is a curved surface such as a spherical surface, it is difficult for the light to be directly emitted from the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1 after negative refraction occurs at the curved surface when a wide viewing angle mode needs to be realized, which is more convenient for switching between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode.

[0053] In this embodiment, see Figures 2 to 5, the second light-dimming unit 22 is configured to perform negative refraction on the light incident on the second light-dimming unit 22 and the light exiting from the second light-dimming unit 22. Specifically, when the light is incident from the first light-dimming unit 21 to the second light-dimming unit 22, negative refraction occurs at the interface between the second light-dimming unit 22 and the first light-dimming unit 21 and the light enters the second light-dimming unit 22. The light in the second light-dimming unit 22 will also undergo negative refraction when exiting from the second light-dimming unit 22. For example, when the light in the second light-dimming unit 22 is incident on the first light-dimming unit 21, negative refraction also occurs at the interface between the second light-dimming unit 22 and the first light-dimming unit 21 and the light enters the first light-dimming unit 21; or, when the light in the second light-dimming unit 22 exits from the surface of the second light-dimming unit 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1, negative refraction also occurs at the surface of the second light-dimming unit 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1; or, when the light in the second light-dimming unit 22 is incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, when the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in a light-transmitting state, negative refraction also occurs at the interface between the second light-dimming unit 22 and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the light enters the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31.

[0054] See Figures 2 to 5 , the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is configured to reflect the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 when in a light-reflecting state and allow the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 to exit when in a light-transmitting state. Specifically, when the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in a light-reflecting state, both the surface of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 close to the control electrode 41 and the surface away from the control electrode 41 can reflect the light incident on this surface; when in a light-reflecting state, the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 from the side of the first light-dimming layer 1 and the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 from the side of the second light-dimming layer 2 can both be transmitted, allowing the light to pass through the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31.

[0055] In the first embodiment of the display module 400, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first light-dimming unit 21 is designed to be approximately the same as that of the second light-transmitting unit 112, and the first light-dimming unit 21 and the second light-transmitting unit 112 can be made of the same material and have the same refractive index; the refractive indices of the control electrode 41 and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 are designed to be approximately the same as that of the second light-transmitting unit 112, so that the first light-dimming layer 1, the control electrode 41, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the second light-dimming layer 2 can work together better to achieve light adjustment and transmission, improve the light transmittance and utilization rate, and thus improve the brightness of the display panel 300 and the display effect.

[0056] Specifically, in some embodiments, the material of the first light-dimming part 21 includes borate glass, and the refractive index of the first light-dimming part 21 is 1.67 to 1.87. In some embodiments, the material of the first light-transmitting part 111 includes silicate glass, and the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part 111 is 1.40 to 1.62. In some embodiments, the material of the second light-transmitting part 112 includes borate glass, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part 112 is 1.67 to 1.87. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is 1.67 to 1.87. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the control electrode 41 is 1.67 to 1.87.

[0057] It can be understood that the first light-transmitting part 111, the second light-transmitting part 112, and the first light-dimming part 21 respectively adopt the above materials, and the refractive indices of the first light-transmitting part 111, the second light-transmitting part 112, the first light-dimming part 21, the control electrode 41, and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 are specifically set to the above numerical ranges. While ensuring that the first light-transmitting part 111, the second light-transmitting part 112, the first light-dimming part 21, and the control electrode 41 all have good light-transmitting performance, it can make light refract better or total reflection occur at the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and the second light-transmitting part 112, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the light transmission path and the viewing angle of the display panel 300, improving the light utilization rate, and enhancing the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part 111 is 1.5 to 1.52, the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part 112 is about 1.77, the refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is about 1.77, the refractive index of the control electrode 41 is about 1.77, and the refractive index of the first light-dimming part 21 is about 1.77. By specifically setting the refractive indices of the above structures to the above values, the light transmission path and the viewing angle of the display panel 300 can be adjusted more efficiently, the light utilization rate can be improved to a greater extent, and the brightness of the display panel 300 can be effectively enhanced.

[0059] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion 111 is defined as n1, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 112 is defined as n2. In a specific embodiment, n2 = 1.175n1. It can be understood that setting the refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 112 to the above ratio relationship enables the incident angle of light incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 to be about 60° for total internal reflection to occur. Specifically, for the light incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112, when the incident angle of the light is greater than or equal to 60°, total internal reflection can occur at the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112. Through the above settings, it is convenient for the light that re-enters the second light-transmitting portion 112 of the first light-adjusting layer 1 after being adjusted by the second light-adjusting portion 22 to undergo total internal reflection at the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 112 and the first light-transmitting portion 111, adjusting the transmission direction of the light so that it can re-enter the second light-adjusting layer 2 and exit through the first light-adjusting portion 21, thereby being more conducive to improving the utilization rate and transmittance of light and enhancing the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0060] In other specific embodiments, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 112 can be set to other ratio relationships. For example, n2 = 1.414n1. When this relationship is satisfied, the incident angle of light incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 for total internal reflection to occur is 45°. Specifically, for the light incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112, when the incident angle of the light is greater than or equal to 45°, total internal reflection can occur at the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112, enabling the light that re-enters the first light-adjusting layer 1 after being adjusted by the second light-adjusting portion 22 to be re-adjusted and utilized and exit, being more conducive to improving the utilization rate and transmittance of light and enhancing the brightness of the display panel 300. In other embodiments, the specific values and ratio relationships of the refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 112 can be designed according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0061] In the first embodiment of the display module 400, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , exemplarily, the light transmission paths of several beams of light emitted from the backlight module 200 in the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode (anti-peeking mode) are respectively shown. Specifically, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the transmission paths of four light beams are respectively shown, where the four light beams are the first light beam L1, the second light beam L2, the third light beam L3, and the fourth light beam L4. Specifically, after the four light beams exit from the backlight module 200 and enter the first dimming layer 1, they are incident at different positions at the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 of the first dimming layer 1, and the light beams incident at different positions respectively correspond to different transmission paths.

[0062] Specifically, since the first dimming portion 21 is a positive refractive index material and the second dimming portion 22 is a negative refractive index material, the first dimming portion 21 allows light to exit. As Figure 4 shown, in the wide viewing angle mode, the first light beam L1 is incident at the interface on one side of the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting portion 112, it directly enters the first dimming portion 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 112 and the first dimming portion 21. Moreover, the first light beam L1 incident into the first dimming portion 21 does not enter the interface between the first dimming portion 21 and the second dimming portion 22 again. The first light beam L1 incident into the first dimming portion 21 can directly exit from the surface of the first dimming portion 21 away from the first dimming layer 1. Since the materials and refractive indices of the first dimming portion 21 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 are approximately the same, the refraction of light at the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 112 and the first dimming portion 21 can be ignored.

[0063] The second light beam L2 is incident at the interface on the other side of the first light-transmitting portion 111 and the second light-transmitting portion 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting portion 112, it enters the first dimming portion 21 through the interface between the control electrode 41 and the first dimming portion 21. Moreover, the second light beam L2 incident into the first dimming portion 21 does not enter the interface between the first dimming portion 21 and the second dimming portion 22 again. The second light beam L2 incident into the first dimming portion 21 can directly exit from the surface of the first dimming portion 21 away from the first dimming layer 1 and enter the display panel 300. Since the refractive indices of the control electrode 41, the first dimming portion 21, and the second light-transmitting portion 112 are approximately the same, the refraction of light at the interface between the control electrode 41 and the second light-transmitting portion 112 and at the interface between the control electrode 41 and the first dimming portion 21 can be ignored.

[0064] The third light beam L3 is emitted towards the right and is incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and one side of the second light-transmitting portion 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting portion 112, it directly enters the first light-adjusting portion 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 112 and the first light-adjusting portion 21. After being transmitted through the first light-adjusting portion 21, it is incident on the interface between the first light-adjusting portion 21 and the second light-adjusting portion 22. At this interface, negative refraction occurs and it enters the second light-adjusting portion 22, and then re-enters the interface between the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the second light-adjusting portion 22. Since in the wide viewing angle mode, the control electrode 41 is in the energized state, the control electrode 41 is charged, and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-reflecting state. After the third light beam L3 is incident on the surface of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, it is reflected by the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31. The third light beam L3 re-enters the surface of the second light-adjusting portion 22 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1, and negative refraction occurs and it exits at the surface of the second light-adjusting portion 22 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1, and is incident on the display panel 300.

[0065] The fourth light beam L4 is emitted towards the left and is incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 111 and one side of the second light-transmitting portion 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting portion 112, it directly enters the first light-adjusting portion 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 112 and the first light-adjusting portion 21. After being transmitted through the first light-adjusting portion 21, it is incident on the interface between the first light-adjusting portion 21 and the second light-adjusting portion 22. At this interface, negative refraction occurs and it enters the second light-adjusting portion 22, and then re-enters the interface between the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the second light-adjusting portion 22. Since in the wide viewing angle mode, the control electrode 41 is in the energized state, the control electrode 41 is charged, and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-reflecting state. After the fourth light beam L4 is incident on the surface of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, it is reflected by the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31. The fourth light beam L4 re-enters the surface of the second light-adjusting portion 22 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1, and negative refraction occurs and it exits at the surface of the second light-adjusting portion 22 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1, and is incident on the display panel 300.

[0066] That is, in the wide viewing angle mode, the light rays incident on the first light-adjusting portion 21 itself can exit. After the light rays in the second light-adjusting portion 22 are reflected by the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, they can directly exit from the surface of the second light-adjusting portion 22 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1. Therefore, the light rays in both the first light-adjusting portion 21 and the second light-adjusting portion 22 can exit, so that the display module 400 can achieve the wide viewing angle display mode.

[0067] In the narrow viewing angle mode, such as Figure 5As shown, the first light beam L1 is incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and one side of the second light-transmitting part 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting part 112, it directly enters the first light-adjusting part 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-adjusting part 21. Moreover, the first light beam L1 that enters the first light-adjusting part 21 does not enter the interface between the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-adjusting part 22 again. The first light beam L1 that enters the first light-adjusting part 21 can directly exit from the surface of the first light-adjusting part 21 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1 and enter the display panel 300. Since the materials and refractive indices of the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-transmitting part 112 are approximately the same, the refraction of light at the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-adjusting part 21 can be ignored.

[0068] The second light beam L2 is incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and the other side of the second light-transmitting part 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting part 112, it enters the control electrode 41 through the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the control electrode 41. Since, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the control electrode 41 is in a power-off state and the control electrode 41 is not charged, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in a light-transmitting state, and the second light beam L2 can enter the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and is incident on the interface between the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the second light-adjusting part 22. At this interface, negative refraction occurs and it enters the second light-adjusting part 22. After being transmitted by the second light-adjusting part 22, it re-enters the interface between the second light-adjusting part 22 and the first light-adjusting part 21. At this interface, negative refraction occurs and it enters the first light-adjusting part 21, and then enters the second light-transmitting part 112 through the interface between the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-transmitting part 112, and is reused for adjustment within the first light-adjusting layer 1.

[0069] The third light beam L3 is incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and one side of the second light-transmitting part 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting part 112, it directly enters the first light-adjusting part 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-adjusting part 21. After being transmitted by the first light-adjusting part 21, it is incident on the interface between the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-adjusting part 22. At this interface, negative refraction occurs and it enters the second light-adjusting part 22. After being transmitted by the second light-adjusting part 22, it re-enters the interface between the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-adjusting part 22, and negative refraction occurs at this interface and it enters the first light-adjusting part 21. Moreover, the third light beam L3 that enters the first light-adjusting part 21 does not enter the interface between the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-adjusting part 22 again. Therefore, the third light beam L3 that enters the first light-adjusting part 21 can directly exit from the surface of the first light-adjusting part 21 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1.

[0070] The fourth light beam L4 is incident on the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and the first side of the second light-transmitting part 112. After being refracted by the second light-transmitting part 112, it directly enters the first light-dimming part 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-dimming part 21. After being transmitted through the first light-dimming part 21, it is incident on the interface between the first light-dimming part 21 and the second light-dimming part 22. At this interface, negative refraction occurs and it enters the second light-dimming part 22, and then re-enters the interface between the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the second light-dimming part 22. After the fourth light beam L4 is incident on the interface between the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the second light-dimming part 22, in the narrow viewing angle mode, since the control electrode 41 is in the power-off state and the control electrode 41 is not charged, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-transmitting state. The fourth light beam L4 undergoes negative refraction at this interface and enters the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31. After passing through the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the control electrode 41, it re-enters the second light-transmitting part 112. After the fourth light beam L4 enters the second light-transmitting part 112, it re-enters the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-transmitting part 111, and after two total reflections at the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-transmitting part 111, it re-enters the first light-dimming part 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-dimming part 21. After being transmitted through the first light-dimming part 21, it directly exits from the surface of the first light-dimming part 21 away from the first light-dimming layer 1 and is incident on the display panel 300.

[0071] That is, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the light rays incident on the second light-dimming layer 2 can only exit from the first light-dimming part 21. For the light rays incident on the second light-dimming part 22, they cannot directly exit from the second light-dimming part 22, but will be transmitted by the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and re-enter the first light-dimming layer 1. After being adjusted by the first light-transmitting part 111 and the second light-transmitting part 112 in the first light-dimming layer 1, they re-enter the first light-dimming part 21 and finally exit from the first light-dimming part 21. While realizing the narrow viewing angle mode, that is, the anti-peeping mode, the light utilization rate is effectively improved, the light transmittance is improved, which is beneficial to improving the brightness of the display panel 300 and the performance of the display module 400.

[0072] See Figures 6 to 9 , in the second embodiment of the display module 400, the structure of the light-dimming component 100 is different from that in the first embodiment of the display module 400. Specifically, see Figure 7, in this embodiment, the materials of the second light-dimming part 22 and the first light-dimming part 21 are both positive refractive index materials. The liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer 3 is disposed on the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1, and the control electrode layer 4 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer 3 away from the first light-dimming layer 1. The cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is configured to reflect the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 when in the light-reflecting state, and allow the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 to exit when in the light-transmitting state. Specifically, in this embodiment, the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1 is an arc surface, and the arc surface is a convex surface protruding toward the liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer 3. Correspondingly, the surface of the liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer 3 close to the first light-dimming layer 1 is a concave surface.

[0073] In this embodiment, by setting the surface of the second light-dimming part 22 away from the first light-dimming layer 1 as a convex surface protruding toward the liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer 3, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is disposed on this surface, and a concave surface is formed at this interface. As Figure 9 shown, when the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-reflecting state, it can reflect the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 from the second light-dimming part 22. Since the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is a concave surface at this interface, after the light is reflected multiple times on the surface of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, it can re-enter the first light-dimming layer 1, and after multiple total internal reflections occur at the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and the second light-transmitting part 112 of the first light-dimming layer 1, it can re-enter the first light-dimming part 21 from the interface between the second light-transmitting part 112 and the first light-dimming part 21, and directly exit from the surface of the first light-dimming part 21 away from the first light-dimming layer 1. That is, when the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-reflecting state, the light cannot directly exit from the positions of the second light-dimming part 22 and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 to the display panel 300, but can only exit from the position of the first light-dimming part 21, thereby realizing narrow viewing angle and anti-peeping display. Moreover, the light in the second light-dimming part 22 can be reflected into the first light-dimming layer 1, and after being re-adjusted and utilized, it exits from the first light-dimming part 21, improving the light utilization rate and being beneficial to improving the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0074] As Figure 8As shown, when the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-transmitting state, the light incident on the first light-adjusting part 21 from the first light-adjusting layer 1 can itself exit, and the light incident on the interface between the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-adjusting part 22 can enter the second light-adjusting part 22 after refraction. The light in the second light-adjusting part 22 can directly enter the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 from the surface of the second light-adjusting part 22 away from the first light-adjusting layer 1 and exit through the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 and the control electrode 41. That is, when the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is in the light-transmitting state, light can exit from both the first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-adjusting part 22 to the display panel 300, thereby realizing a wide viewing angle display mode.

[0075] In the second embodiment of the display module 400, the refractive index of the first light-adjusting part 21 is approximately the same as that of the second light-transmitting part 112, and the refractive indices of the second light-adjusting part 22, the control electrode 41, and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 are approximately the same as that of the first light-transmitting part 111. The first light-adjusting part 21 and the second light-transmitting part 112 can be set to have the same refractive index, and the second light-adjusting part 22, the control electrode 41, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, and the first light-transmitting part 111 can be set to have the same refractive index. Thus, the first light-adjusting layer 1, the second light-adjusting layer 2, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31, and the control electrode 41 can work together better to adjust and transmit light, improve the light transmittance and utilization rate, and further improve the brightness of the display panel 300 and the display effect.

[0076] Specifically, in some embodiments, the material of the second light-adjusting part 22 includes silicate glass, and the refractive index of the second light-adjusting part 22 is 1.40 to 1.62. In some embodiments, the material of the first light-adjusting part 21 includes borate glass, and the refractive index of the first light-adjusting part 21 is 1.9 to 2.2. In some embodiments, the material of the first light-transmitting part 111 includes silicate glass, and the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part 111 is 1.40 to 1.62. In some embodiments, the material of the second light-transmitting part 112 includes borate glass, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part 112 is 1.9 to 2.2. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is 1.40 to 1.62; in some embodiments, the refractive index of the control electrode 41 is 1.40 to 1.62.

[0077] It can be understood that the first light-transmitting part 111, the second light-transmitting part 112, the first light-dimming part 21, and the second light-dimming part 22 respectively adopt the above-mentioned materials, and the refractive indices of the first light-transmitting part 111, the second light-transmitting part 112, the first light-dimming part 21, the second light-dimming part 22, the control electrode 41, and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 are specifically set to the above-mentioned values. While ensuring that the first light-transmitting part 111, the second light-transmitting part 112, the first light-dimming part 21, and the control electrode 41 all have good light-transmitting properties, it can make light refract or undergo total internal reflection better at the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and the second light-transmitting part 112, thereby being more conducive to adjusting the light transmission path and the viewing angle of the display panel 300, improving the light utilization rate, and enhancing the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part 111 is 1.5 to 1.52, the refractive index of the second light-dimming part 22 is 1.5 to 1.52, the refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is 1.5 to 1.52, the refractive index of the control electrode 41 is 1.5 to 1.52, the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part 112 is about 2.1, and the refractive index of the first light-dimming part 21 is about 2.1. By specifically setting the refractive indices of the above-mentioned structures to the above-mentioned values, the light transmission path and the viewing angle of the display panel 300 can be adjusted more efficiently, the light utilization rate can be improved to a greater extent, and the brightness of the display panel 300 can be effectively enhanced.

[0079] In the second embodiment of the display module 400, referring to Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the light-dimming component 100 further includes a microstructure layer 5, and the microstructure layer 5 is disposed between the first light-dimming layer 1 and the second light-dimming layer 2. Specifically, the microstructure layer 5 includes a plurality of microstructure groups 51, and the plurality of microstructure groups 51 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second light-dimming parts 22.

[0080] Specifically, as Figure 7 shown, each microstructure group 51 includes a plurality of closely arranged microprisms. The surface of the microprism close to the second light-dimming part 22 is a conical surface, and the conical surface is a convex surface protruding toward the second light-dimming part 22. In some embodiments, along the direction from the side of the conical surface close to the first light-dimming layer 1 to the side away from the first light-dimming layer 1, the refractive index of the conical surface gradually increases; or, in some embodiments, in the radial direction of the microprism, along the direction from the center of the conical surface to the edge, the refractive index of the conical surface gradually increases. It can be understood that the surface of the microprism close to the second light-dimming part 22 is set as a conical surface, and the refractive index of the conical surface is set to gradually increase, which can be used to convert the light incident on the conical surface of the microprism into near-collimated light.

[0081] Specifically, as Figure 9As shown, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the light reflected from the interface between the second dimming unit 22 and the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film 31 is incident on the conical surface of the microprism in the microstructure layer 5. After the action of the conical surface of the microstructure layer 5, it can exit from the gap between two adjacent microprisms of the microstructure group 51, so as to convert the light into near-collimated light and re-enter the interface between the first light-transmitting part 111 and the second light-transmitting part 112 of the first dimming layer 1. After total reflection occurs at this interface, it re-enters the first dimming unit 21. Specifically, the light re-entering the first dimming unit 21 is near-collimated light, which can meet more usage requirements and further improve the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0082] In this embodiment, by setting the microstructure layer 5 and specifically setting the microprism as the above structure, while realizing the reuse of light and effectively improving the light utilization rate, the application range of the dimming component 100 is further expanded, which can meet different usage requirements.

[0083] In other embodiments, the dimming component 100 may not be provided with the microstructure layer 5, as long as it can adjust the light so that the display panel 300 can switch between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode (privacy mode), and can realize the reuse of light, improve the light utilization rate and the brightness of the display panel 300.

[0084] The above are only the embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dimming component, applied to a display module, characterized in that Comprising: A first dimming layer, including a first light-transmitting layer and a second light-transmitting layer. The first light-transmitting layer includes a plurality of first light-transmitting portions, and the second light-transmitting layer includes a plurality of second light-transmitting portions; Along a first direction, the first light-transmitting portions and the second light-transmitting portions are alternately and fittingly arranged; the refractive indices of the first light-transmitting portions and the second light-transmitting portions are different; A second dimming layer, disposed on one side of the first dimming layer; including a plurality of first dimming portions and a plurality of second dimming portions. Along the first direction, the first dimming portions and the second dimming portions are alternately and closely arranged; the refractive indices of the first dimming portions and the second dimming portions are different; A liquid crystal polymer dimming layer, disposed on one side of the second dimming layer, including a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films arranged at intervals, and the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second dimming portions; A control electrode layer, disposed on one side of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer, including a plurality of control electrodes; the plurality of control electrodes are electrically connected to the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films in one-to-one correspondence; Wherein, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to be able to switch between a light-transmitting state and a light-reflecting state under the control of the control electrode; The first dimming portion is configured to allow the light incident thereon to exit; the second dimming portion is configured to cooperate with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film so that the light incident on the second dimming portion can exit from the second dimming portion, or transmit the light incident on the second dimming portion to the first dimming layer.

2. The dimming component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control electrode is configured to be able to switch between an energized state and a de-energized state; when the control electrode is in the energized state, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is in the light-reflecting state; when the control electrode is in the de-energized state, the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is in the light-transmitting state.

3. The dimming component according to claim 2, wherein The material of the second dimming portion is a negative refractive index material, and the material of the first dimming portion is a positive refractive index material; The liquid crystal polymer dimming layer is disposed on the side of the second dimming layer close to the first dimming layer; the control electrode layer is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal polymer dimming layer close to the first dimming layer.

4. The dimming component according to claim 3, wherein The surface of the second dimming portion in contact with the first dimming portion is a plane, the surface of the second dimming portion in contact with the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is a plane, and the surface of the second dimming portion away from the first dimming layer is a plane; The second dimming portion is configured to perform negative refraction on the light incident on the second dimming portion and the light exiting from the second dimming portion; The cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to reflect the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film when in the light-reflecting state; allow the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film to exit when in the light-transmitting state.

5. The dimming component according to claim 3, wherein The material of the second dimming portion includes any one of a silver-aluminum hybrid material, a copper crystal film bonding material; and / or The material of the first dimming portion includes borate glass.

6. The dimming component according to claim 3, wherein The refractive index of the second light-dimming part is -1.12 to -0.92; the refractive index of the first light-dimming part is 1.67 to 1.87; and / or, The material of the first light-transmitting part includes silicate glass; and / or, The refractive index of the first light-transmitting part is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The material of the second light-transmitting part includes borate glass; and / or, The refractive index of the second light-transmitting part is 1.67 to 1.87; and / or, The refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is 1.67 to 1.87; and / or, The refractive index of the control electrode is 1.67 to 1.

87.

7. The dimming component according to claim 2, wherein, The materials of the second light-dimming part and the first light-dimming part are both positive refractive index materials; The liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer is disposed on the surface of the second light-dimming part away from the first light-dimming layer, the surface of the second light-dimming part away from the first light-dimming layer is an arc surface, and the arc surface is a convex surface protruding toward the liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer; The control electrode layer is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal polymer light-dimming layer away from the first light-dimming layer; The cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is configured to reflect the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film when in the light-reflecting state; and allow the light incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film to exit when in the light-transmitting state.

8. The light-dimming component according to claim 7, wherein The material of the second light-dimming part includes silicate glass; and / or, the refractive index of the second light-dimming part is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The material of the first light-dimming part includes borate glass; and / or, the refractive index of the first light-dimming part is 1.9 to 2.2; and / or, The material of the first light-transmitting part includes silicate glass; and / or, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The material of the second light-transmitting part includes a cerium oxide coating; and / or, the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part is 1.9 to 2.2; and / or, The refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film is 1.40 to 1.62; and / or, The refractive index of the control electrode is 1.40 to 1.

62.

9. The light-dimming component according to claim 7, wherein The light-dimming component further includes a microstructure layer, the microstructure layer is disposed between the first light-dimming layer and the second light-dimming layer, and includes a plurality of microstructure groups, and the plurality of microstructure groups are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second light-dimming parts; Each of the microstructure groups includes a plurality of microprisms arranged adjacent to each other, the surface of the microprism close to the second light-dimming part is a conical surface, and the conical surface is a convex surface protruding toward the second light-dimming part; Along the direction from the side of the conical surface close to the first light-dimming layer to the side away from the first light-dimming layer, the refractive index of the conical surface gradually increases; or, in the radial direction of the microprism, along the direction from the center of the conical surface to the edge, the refractive index of the conical surface gradually increases.

10. The light-dimming component according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein The first light-transmitting part is a first prism, the second light-transmitting part is a second prism, the ridge peak of the first prism is arranged towards the second light-adjusting layer, and the ridge peak of the second prism is arranged away from the second light-adjusting layer; the first prism is embedded between two adjacent second prisms, and the ridge peaks of multiple first prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of the multiple second prisms, and the ridge peaks of the multiple second prisms are flush with the bottom surfaces of the multiple first prisms; And / or, the apex angle of the first prism is 90°, and the apex angle of the second prism is 90°.

11. A display module, characterized in that, Comprising: A display panel; A backlight module, arranged on one side of the display panel for providing a backlight source for the display panel; The light-adjusting component according to any one of claims 1-10; the light-adjusting component is arranged on the side of the display panel close to the backlight module, and the first light-adjusting layer is located on the side of the second light-adjusting layer close to the backlight module; the light-adjusting component is configured to be capable of switching the display module between a privacy mode and a wide viewing angle mode.

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