An anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mold anti-peeling technology, and in particular to an anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology, comprising detecting the surface peeling state of the mold after stamping is completed, determining whether to adjust the initial stamping value or, whether to detect the mold exhaust port according to the surface peeling state; determining the initial stamping value adjustment method by detecting the peeling position of the mold after stamping is completed; obtaining the exhaust volume in the mold cavity during the stamping process and the volume of the stamped part after the stamping is completed, obtaining a stamping gas volume comparison result, and determining whether to adjust the stamping speed according to the stamping gas volume comparison result; generating a stamping control parameter according to the adjusted initial stamping value and stamping speed, and determining whether the stamping control parameter meets the stamping requirements according to the surface peeling state. The present invention prevents the peeling of stamped parts by detecting the stamping part volume and exhaust volume during stamping, and generating a stamping control parameter according to the initial stamping value and stamping speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mold anti-peeling, and in particular to an anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology. Background Art

[0002] In the field of metal stamping, especially in the processing of high-precision, high-strength materials, peeling is a common surface defect, manifesting as the separation or flaking of the surface layer of the material from the base. Die casting is a high-speed, high-pressure metal casting process, and its production quality is affected by many factors. If these factors lead to poor surface quality of die-cast parts, a thin layer of skin will easily warp or even fall off the surface after shot blasting. The peeling part can be easily removed by hand, seriously affecting product performance.

[0003] Chinese patent application publication number CN117505802A discloses a method for troubleshooting the causes of surface peeling on die-cast parts after shot blasting, comprising sequentially inspecting the current mold, die-casting equipment, and process parameters. This method, proposed by the present invention, checks the mold, die-casting equipment, and process parameters to determine if any influencing factors exist. This method improves the efficiency of troubleshooting the causes of peeling on die-cast parts after shot blasting, thereby improving the efficiency of problem resolution and promptly eliminating losses caused by batch scrapping of die-cast parts.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing technology has the following problems: during the mold production process, the volume of the stamped parts and the exhaust volume are not detected and compared during stamping, and the stamping comparison parameters are generated based on the initial stamping value and stamping speed to determine the peeling state, resulting in peeling on the surface of the stamped parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides an anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology to overcome the problem in the prior art that during the mold production process, the volume of the stamped part and the exhaust volume are not detected and compared during stamping, and the stamping control parameters are generated according to the initial stamping value and the stamping speed to determine the peeling state, resulting in peeling on the surface of the stamped part.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Punching the workpiece based on the initial punching value, detecting the surface peeling state of the workpiece after the punching is completed by a peeling detection device, and determining whether to adjust the initial punching value or whether to detect the density of the mold exhaust port based on the surface peeling state;

[0008] In the case where the initial stamping value needs to be adjusted, the peeling position of the stamped part after stamping is detected to determine whether the initial stamping value needs to be adjusted;

[0009] In the case where the density of the mold exhaust port needs to be tested, the exhaust volume in the mold cavity during the stamping process and the volume of the stamped part after the stamping are obtained, and the exhaust volume and the volume of the stamped part are compared to obtain a stamping gas volume comparison result. Based on the stamping gas volume comparison result, it is determined whether to adjust the stamping speed;

[0010] Determine whether the stamping parts meet the stamping requirements based on the surface peeling state

[0011] Furthermore, the process of detecting the peeling state of the surface of the stamped part after stamping by using the peeling detection device includes:

[0012] Detecting the surface undulation angle and defect area of ​​the stamped part by a scanning device to obtain a surface peeling state reflection parameter, comparing the surface peeling state reflection parameter with a standard peeling state reflection parameter range, and determining the surface peeling state of the stamped part based on the peeling state reflection parameter comparison result;

[0013] The surface peeling state includes a flaky peeling state, a fish-scale peeling state and a non-peeling state.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of detecting the surface undulation angle and defect area of ​​the stamped part by a scanning device to obtain the parameters reflecting the surface peeling state includes:

[0015] Determine the actual undulation angle category according to the preset standard undulation interval, determine the missing area impact evaluation value of the missing area on the surface peeling state reflection parameter according to the missing area ratio, and determine the peeling state reflection parameter according to the actual undulation angle and missing area;

[0016] The missing area ratio is the ratio of the actual missing area to the surface area of ​​the stamping part.

[0017] Further, specifically, the process of determining the surface peeling state of the stamping part according to the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter includes:

[0018] If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter shows that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling;

[0019] If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter is that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is within the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be fish scale peeling state;

[0020] If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter is that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is less than or equal to the minimum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be a non-peeling state.

[0021] Furthermore, the process of determining whether to adjust the initial punching value or detect the density of the mold exhaust port according to the surface peeling state includes:

[0022] When the surface peeling state is flaky peeling state, the initial punching value is determined and adjusted. When the surface peeling state is fish-scale peeling state, the density of the mold exhaust port is determined and tested.

[0023] Furthermore, the process of determining whether to adjust the initial stamping value by detecting the peeling position of the stamped part after the stamping is completed includes:

[0024] Detecting the actual stamping part curvature at the peeling position, comparing the actual stamping part curvature with the standard stamping part curvature to obtain a stamping part curvature comparison result, and determining whether to use single stamping adjustment or compensating stamping adjustment based on the stamping part curvature comparison result;

[0025] When the curvature of the actual stamping part is greater than that of the standard stamping part, the initial stamping value is adjusted by using the compensation stamping method;

[0026] When the curvature of the actual stamping part is less than or equal to the curvature of the standard stamping part, the initial stamping value is adjusted by adopting a single stamping method;

[0027] Among them, the single stamping method is a method of adjusting the overall stamping value; the compensating stamping method is a method of locally adjusting the stamping value according to the position where the curvature of the actual stamping part exceeds the standard.

[0028] Furthermore, the process of determining whether to adjust the ramming speed according to the ramming gas volume comparison result includes:

[0029] If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is greater than the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, the punching speed is reduced according to the difference between the punching part volume and the exhaust volume;

[0030] If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is smaller than the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume, the punching speed is increased according to the difference between the exhaust volume and the punching part volume;

[0031] When the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is within the exhaust volume fluctuation range, the original punching speed is maintained.

[0032] Furthermore, the process of adjusting the initial stamping value by adopting the compensating stamping method includes:

[0033] If the compensation stamping method is used for adjustment, the surface peeling state reflection parameter is re-tested. If the re-tested surface peeling state reflection is greater than the set maximum peeling state reflection parameter, the corresponding stamping part is determined to be a defective product.

[0034] Furthermore, the process of determining whether the stamping part meets the stamping requirements based on the surface peeling state includes:

[0035] The stamping is performed again according to the adjusted stamping value and stamping speed, and the surface peeling state of the stamped parts after the stamping is completed is judged to ensure that the stamped parts meet the stamping requirements.

[0036] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that this technical solution realizes the precise prevention and dynamic elimination of peeling defects on the surface of stamped parts by establishing a complete closed-loop control system for the stamping process, and adopts high-precision 3D scanning technology to accurately detect surface defects of stamped parts. Through parametric analysis and differentiation, flaky peeling indicates that the stamping pressure is too large, and fish-scale peeling reflects poor exhaust. The overall adjustment is for global pressure linear compensation, and the local compensation area is for precise pressure adjustment. This solution establishes a scientific and complete digital twin optimization system for stamping processes by deeply integrating the principles of material mechanics, fluid mechanics and intelligent control technology. Compared with traditional methods, it has outstanding advantages such as faster response, higher precision and stronger adaptability, providing a new generation of solutions for precision stamping manufacturing.

[0037] Furthermore, this technical solution achieves accurate detection and classification of peeling defects on the surface of stamped parts through high-precision 3D laser scanning and quantitative analysis, which mainly brings the following significant advantages. The use of a 3D laser scanner can accurately capture the quantitative indicators of surface undulations and defects (undulation angle and defect area ratio) at the microscopic scale, which is more objective and accurate than traditional visual inspection. Flaky peeling indicates that the punching pressure is too large. If the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling. The high surface peeling state reflection parameter can reflect that the undulation angle is too large or the defect area exceeds the standard. Either situation may cause the surface of the stamped part to show large-scale peeling or excessive peeling after the stamping is completed. This situation is set as a flaky peeling state and the pressure parameters need to be adjusted. Fish-scaling indicates an exhaust problem. If the surface peeling parameter is within the standard peeling parameter range, the surface peeling is considered fish-scaling. If either the undulation angle or the missing area exceeds the standard, or if both the undulation angle and the missing area are in the middle, indicating continuous peeling on the stamped part surface, this is considered fish-scaling and the mold exhaust system should be inspected. The absence of peeling verifies process stability. Unified quantitative standards replace subjective judgment. Historical data is traceable, facilitating quality analysis. This provides benchmark data for new mold development.

[0038] Furthermore, this technical solution targets flaky peeling (material peeling defects): by reducing the punching force (such as from 1200kN to 950kN), the shear stress is directly reduced to effectively suppress the material delamination phenomenon. If the curvature of the actual stamping part is greater than the curvature of the standard stamping part, the increased initial stamping value is determined based on the compensation parameters of the difference between the curvature of the stamping part and the curvature of the standard stamping part and the influence of the difference between the curvature of the stamping part and the curvature of the standard stamping part on the initial stamping value. At this time, because the curvature of the stamping part at the peeling position is not obvious compared to its overall curvature, the initial stamping value is adjusted down as a whole to change the peeling phenomenon on the surface of the stamping part. The pressure adjustment amount is accurately calculated by the curvature difference to avoid trial and error. The gas flowability is improved by exhaust detection and speed adjustment. A single stamping adjustment is adopted in the straight line area, and the overall pressure is adjusted. If the actual stamping part's curvature is less than or equal to the standard stamping part's curvature, the initial stamping pressure value of the single stamping method is increased based on the difference between the stamping part's curvature and the standard stamping part's curvature. At this point, because the curvature of the stamping part at the peeling location differs significantly from the overall curvature, using a compensating stamping method may damage the entire stamping part. Therefore, the initial stamping pressure value corresponding to the peeling location is adjusted using a single stamping method. Compensating stamping is used in the curved area for localized, precise pressure adjustment. The adjustment parameters are linearly correlated with the curvature difference, achieving quantitative control. Insufficient curvature is compensated by increasing the pressure, while excessive curvature is corrected by reducing the pressure. The pressure adjustment amplitude is proportional to the curvature deviation to ensure correction accuracy.

[0039] Furthermore, the technical solution realizes closed-loop optimization control of the stamping process by establishing a dynamic coupling relationship between gas volume-stamping speed-pressure parameters. Rapid response to excess exhaust, rapid response to excess exhaust, and multi-parameter collaborative control mechanism. It can effectively determine whether the surface peeling state meets the stamping requirements. If the comparison result of the stamping gas volume is that the volume of the stamping part is greater than the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, the reduced stamping speed is determined according to the product of the difference between the volume of the stamping part and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume and the influence compensation parameter of the initial stamping speed, wherein the stamping speed is negatively correlated with the difference between the volume of the stamping part and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, and the negative correlation ratio of the stamping speed to the difference between the volume of the stamping part and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume is determined according to the preset negative correlation ratio, which can extend the gas discharge time and avoid pores or surface peeling caused by residual gas compressed in the material. If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is less than the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume, the increased punching speed is determined based on the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume, and the compensation parameters for the impact of the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume on the initial punching speed. The punching speed is positively correlated with the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume, and the positive correlation ratio between the punching speed and the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume is determined according to a preset positive correlation ratio. This can reduce ineffective exhaust time, reduce the risk of impurity inhalation, and improve production efficiency. The adjustment amplitude is automatically matched by material properties (such as aluminum alloy or high-strength steel) and mold status, avoiding manual trial and error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 Flowchart of the anti-skinning method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the process of determining the surface peeling state in the anti-peeling method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a process flow chart for determining the initial punching pressure value adjustment method in the anti-peeling method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a process flow chart of adjusting the punching speed in the anti-peeling method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0048] See also Figures 1-4 As shown, Figure 1 Flowchart of the anti-skinning method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the process of determining the surface peeling state in the anti-peeling method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a process flow chart for determining the initial punching pressure value adjustment method in the anti-peeling method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a process flow chart of adjusting the punching speed in the anti-peeling method based on the high-density exhaust die technology in this embodiment.

[0049] This embodiment provides an anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology, including the following steps:

[0050] Step S1: stamping a die to be stamped based on an initial stamping value, detecting a surface peeling state of the die after stamping by a peeling detection device, and determining whether to adjust the initial stamping value or detect the density of the die exhaust port based on the surface peeling state;

[0051] Step S2, for the case where the initial stamping value needs to be adjusted, it is determined whether to adjust the initial stamping value by detecting the peeling position of the mold after the stamping is completed;

[0052] Step S3: If the density of the mold exhaust port needs to be tested, the exhaust volume in the mold cavity during the stamping process and the volume of the stamped part after the stamping are obtained, the exhaust volume and the volume of the stamped part are compared to obtain a stamping gas volume comparison result, and whether to adjust the stamping speed is determined based on the stamping gas volume comparison result;

[0053] Step S4: determining whether the stamped part meets the stamping requirements based on the surface peeling state.

[0054] This technical solution achieves the precise prevention and dynamic elimination of surface peeling defects on stamped parts by establishing a complete closed-loop control system for the stamping process. It uses high-precision 3D scanning technology to accurately detect surface defects on stamped parts, and distinguishes them through parametric analysis. Flaky peeling indicates excessive stamping pressure, and fish-scale peeling reflects poor exhaust. The overall adjustment is for global pressure linear compensation, and the local compensation area is for precise pressure adjustment. This solution establishes a scientific and complete digital twin optimization system for stamping processes by deeply integrating the principles of material mechanics, fluid mechanics and intelligent control technology. Compared with traditional methods, it has outstanding advantages such as faster response, higher precision and stronger adaptability, providing a new generation of solutions for precision stamping manufacturing.

[0055] Specifically, the process of detecting the peeling state of the mold surface after stamping by using the peeling detection device includes:

[0056] Detecting the surface undulation angle and defect area of ​​the stamped part by a scanning device to obtain a surface peeling state reflection parameter, comparing the surface peeling state reflection parameter with a standard peeling state reflection parameter range, and determining the surface peeling state of the stamped part based on the peeling state reflection parameter comparison result;

[0057] The surface peeling state includes a flaky peeling state, a fish-scale peeling state and a non-peeling state.

[0058] The flaky peeling state is a state in which the contact surface between the part to be stamped and the stamping die presents discontinuous peeling; the fish-scale peeling state is a state in which the contact surface between the part to be stamped and the stamping die presents continuous peeling similar to fish scales; the non-peeling state is a state in which the contact surface between the part to be stamped and the stamping die does not change and no peeling occurs.

[0059] The curvature of a stamped part refers to the curvature formed by the sheet metal after bending and deformation during the stamping process.

[0060] In this embodiment, a high-precision 3D laser scanner is used to accurately detect microscopic undulations or defects on the surface of the stamped part. The undulation angle is the angle between the stamped part surface and the straight line from the edge of the undulating surface to the starting point of the undulating surface, which can reflect the steepness of the peeling. The standard peeling state reflection parameter range is determined according to the stamping part processing standard, where the processing standard includes the surface quality requirements of the stamping part (the material thickness tolerance must be controlled within ±0.05mm, and uneven thickness can easily lead to local stress concentration);

[0061] Specifically, the process of detecting the surface undulation angle and missing area of ​​the stamped part by a scanning device to obtain the parameters reflecting the surface peeling state includes:

[0062] Determine the actual undulation angle category according to the preset standard undulation interval, determine the missing area impact evaluation value of the missing area on the surface peeling state reflection parameter according to the missing area ratio, and determine the peeling state reflection parameter according to the actual undulation angle and missing area;

[0063] The missing area ratio is the ratio of the actual missing area to the surface area of ​​the stamping part.

[0064] The surface undulation angle and missing area of ​​the stamping part are detected by a scanning device to obtain the surface peeling state reflection parameter. Among them, the peeling state reflection parameter can reflect the overall peeling amplitude of the stamping part, and is the parameter for determining whether the peeling amplitude of the stamping part meets the processing conditions; the stamping part to be inspected is placed on the scanning platform, and the 3D laser scanner is turned on to obtain the complete surface three-dimensional point cloud data of the stamping part.

[0065] A three-dimensional image of the stamping part is obtained based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the complete surface of the stamping part. The relevant process is the existing technology and will not be described here. The surface of the stamping part in contact with the stamping die in the three-dimensional image is selected as the actual two-dimensional image of the stamping part. The peeling analysis is performed on the actual two-dimensional image, and the angle between each measuring point and the reference plane is calculated, wherein the reference plane is a plane without peeling in the stamping part, and the maximum value of the angle is taken as the actual undulation angle. Such a value can ensure that the stamping value after adjustment meets the stamping requirements.

[0066] By performing image recognition on the actual two-dimensional image, for example, the area without missing parts is gray, and the missing parts are black, the area of ​​the missing parts in the actual two-dimensional image is calculated by computer, and the missing area ratio is obtained by dividing the missing area by the actual two-dimensional image surface area.

[0067] The peeling state reflection parameter is determined according to the sum of the product of the surface fluctuation angle of the stamping part and the compensation parameter of the fluctuation angle effect of the stamping part surface fluctuation angle on the peeling state reflection parameter, and the product of the missing area and the compensation parameter of the missing area effect of the missing area on the peeling state reflection parameter;

[0068] In this embodiment, the compensation parameter for the influence of the surface undulation angle of the stamping part on the parameter reflecting the peeling state is set to a; the compensation parameter for the influence of the missing area on the parameter reflecting the peeling state is set to b; wherein, the compensation parameter for the influence of the surface undulation angle of the stamping part on the parameter reflecting the peeling state is determined according to the historical data of the surface undulation angle of the stamping part. For example, the historical data shows that if the undulation angle of the stamping part is [0°, 4°), the compensation parameter for the influence of the surface undulation angle of the stamping part on the parameter reflecting the peeling state is 0.6, which is conducive to determining the surface peeling state; the historical data shows that if the undulation angle of the stamping part is [4°, 8°), the compensation parameter for the influence of the surface undulation angle of the stamping part on the parameter reflecting the peeling state is 0.7, which is conducive to determining the surface peeling state; if the undulation angle of the stamping part is [8°, 15°), the compensation parameter for the influence of the surface undulation angle of the stamping part on the parameter reflecting the peeling state is 0.8, which is conducive to determining the surface peeling state; if the undulation angle of the stamping part is greater than or equal to 15°, it is determined to be a defective product.

[0069] The missing area influence compensation parameter for the parameter reflecting the peeling state is determined according to the missing area ratio. For example, if the missing area ratio is [0, 0.05), the missing area influence compensation parameter for the parameter reflecting the peeling state is 0.2; if the missing area ratio is [0, 0.1), the missing area influence compensation parameter for the parameter reflecting the peeling state is 0.3; if the missing area ratio is greater than or equal to 0.1, it is judged as a defective product; the above-mentioned compensation parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the material type (such as aluminum alloy or high-strength steel).

[0070] Specifically, the process of determining the surface peeling state of the stamped part based on the comparison results of the peeling state reflection parameters includes:

[0071] If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter shows that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling;

[0072] If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter is that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is within the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be fish scale peeling state;

[0073] If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter is that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is less than or equal to the minimum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be a non-peeling state.

[0074] Set the standard peeling state reflection parameter range to [5, 8],

[0075] If the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling state. A surface peeling state reflection parameter that is too high may indicate that the undulation angle is too large or the missing area exceeds the standard. Either situation may cause a large area of ​​peeling or excessive peeling on the surface of the stamped part after the stamping is completed. This situation is set as flaky peeling state;

[0076] If the surface peeling state reflection parameter is within the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be fish-scale peeling state. If the surface peeling state reflection parameter is within the standard peeling state reflection parameter range and can reflect that either the undulation angle or the missing area exceeds the standard, or the undulation angle and the missing area are both in the middle value, the stamping part surface presents a continuous peeling state, and this situation is set as fish-scale peeling state.

[0077] If the surface peeling state reflection parameter is less than the minimum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter interval, the surface peeling state is determined to be a non-peeling state.

[0078] In this embodiment, the peeling determination is mainly performed on small stamping parts, and the surface area of ​​the two-dimensional image of the stamping part is set to 100mm. 2 For example, if the undulation angle is 2°, the corresponding compensation parameter for the undulation angle is 0.6; if the missing area ratio is 0.02, the missing area of ​​the stamping part is 2mm 2 , the corresponding missing area compensation parameter is 0.2, then the surface peeling state reflection parameter is (2×0.6)+(2×0.2)=1.2+0.4=1.6, the surface peeling state reflection parameter is less than the minimum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter interval, and the surface peeling state is determined to be non-peeling state;

[0079] The undulation angle is 6°, and the corresponding compensation parameter for the undulation angle is 0.7; the missing area ratio is 0.06, so the missing area of ​​the stamping part is 6mm 2 , the corresponding missing area compensation parameter is 0.3, then the surface peeling state reflection parameter is (6×0.7)+(6×0.3)=4.2+1.8=6, the surface peeling state reflection parameter is within the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, and the surface peeling state is determined to be fish scale peeling state;

[0080] The undulation angle is 10°, and the corresponding compensation parameter for the undulation angle is 0.8; the missing area ratio is 0.08, so the missing area of ​​the stamping part is 8mm 2 , the corresponding missing area compensation parameter is 0.3, then the surface peeling state reflection parameter is (10×0.8)+(8×0.3)=8+2.4=10.4, the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, and the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling state.

[0081] This technical solution achieves accurate detection and classification of peeling defects on the surface of stamped parts through high-precision 3D laser scanning and quantitative analysis, which mainly brings the following significant advantages. The use of 3D laser scanners can accurately capture the quantitative indicators of surface undulations and defects (undulation angle and defect area ratio) at the microscopic scale, which is more objective and accurate than traditional visual inspection. Flaky peeling indicates that the punching pressure is too large. If the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling. The high surface peeling state reflection parameter can reflect that the undulation angle is too large or the defect area exceeds the standard. Either situation may cause the surface of the stamped part to show large-scale peeling or excessive peeling after the stamping is completed. This situation is set as a flaky peeling state and the pressure parameters need to be adjusted. Fish-scaling indicates an exhaust problem. If the surface peeling parameter is within the standard peeling parameter range, the surface peeling is considered fish-scaling. If either the undulation angle or the missing area exceeds the standard, or if both the undulation angle and the missing area are in the middle, indicating continuous peeling on the stamped part surface, this is considered fish-scaling and the mold exhaust system should be inspected. The absence of peeling verifies process stability. Unified quantitative standards replace subjective judgment. Historical data is traceable, facilitating quality analysis. This provides benchmark data for new mold development.

[0082] The process of determining whether to adjust the initial punching value or detect the density of the mold exhaust port according to the surface peeling state includes:

[0083] When the surface peeling state is flaky peeling state, the initial punching value is determined and adjusted. When the surface peeling state is fish-scale peeling state, the density of the mold exhaust port is determined and tested.

[0084] When the surface peeling state is flaky, the stamping device punches the stamping part and injects compressed air (0.2-0.5MPa) into the mold to detect whether the gas leaks from the non-exhaust area. If there is leakage, it indicates insufficient sealing.

[0085] Because the initial punching pressure is too low, the material cannot fully fill the mold cavity, resulting in a large missing area of ​​the stamped part. The missing area is negatively correlated with the initial punching value. Increasing the initial punching value can directly reduce the missing area and inhibit material delamination. The essence of flaking is the peeling of the surface layer of the material from the matrix.

[0086] When the surface peeling is in the fish-scale peeling state, the fish-scale peeling appears as a small corrugated defect. The mold exhaust is not smooth, and the material flow is blocked by the compressed gas, forming micro-undulations. Gas retention will cause pressure fluctuations in the mold. When the exhaust is not smooth, the gas flow rate in the mold decreases sharply, the pressure increases, and the gas is pressed into the material surface to form fish-scale patterns.

[0087] Specifically, the process of determining whether to adjust the initial stamping value by detecting the peeling position of the die after stamping is completed includes:

[0088] Detect the actual stamping part curvature at the peeling position, compare the actual stamping part curvature with the standard stamping part curvature to obtain a stamping part curvature comparison result, and determine whether to use single stamping adjustment or compensating stamping adjustment based on the stamping part curvature comparison result.

[0089] Detect the actual curvature of the stamping part at the peeling position. For example, if the peeling position is in the straight area of ​​the stamping part, use single stamping adjustment. If the peeling position is in the curved area of ​​the stamping part, use compensating stamping adjustment.

[0090] Specifically, the process of determining whether to adopt single stamping adjustment or compensating stamping adjustment according to the comparison result of the stamping part curvature includes:

[0091] When the curvature of the actual stamping part is greater than that of the standard stamping part, the initial stamping value is adjusted by using the compensation stamping method;

[0092] When the curvature of the actual stamping part is less than or equal to the curvature of the standard stamping part, the initial stamping value is adjusted by adopting a single stamping method;

[0093] Among them, the single stamping method is a method of adjusting the overall stamping value; the compensating stamping method is a method of locally adjusting the stamping value according to the position where the curvature of the actual stamping part exceeds the standard.

[0094] Set the standard stamping part curvature to 10° and the initial stamping force to 1200kN. The standard stamping part curvature is determined based on the plastic deformation capacity of the stamping material. For example, if the material has no cracking risk when the curvature is less than or equal to 12°, the standard curvature can be set to 10°, retaining a 20% safety margin.

[0095] If the actual stamping part curvature is greater than the standard stamping part curvature, the increased initial stamping value is determined according to the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature and the compensation parameter of the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature on the initial stamping value. At this time, because the stamping part curvature at the peeling position is not obvious compared with its overall curvature, the initial stamping value is adjusted down as a whole to change the peeling phenomenon on the stamping part surface. For example,

[0096] The actual stamping part curvature is detected to be 5°, and the compensation parameter for the influence of the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature on the initial stamping value is set to 50. The compensation parameter for the influence of the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature on the initial stamping value is determined according to the plastic deformation characteristics of the material. For example, the harder the material (such as high-strength steel), the greater the compensation parameter for the influence of the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature on the initial stamping value, and the greater the stamping value adjustment required for unit curvature difference. The stamping value adjustment value required for unit curvature difference corresponding to soft aluminum can be set to 30kN / °, and the stamping value adjustment value required for unit curvature difference corresponding to high-strength steel can be set to 60kN / °.

[0097] Then the increased initial punching value is 1200+(10-5)×50=1450kN;

[0098] If the actual stamping part curvature is less than or equal to the standard stamping part curvature, the initial stamping value of the single stamping method is increased according to the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature. At this time, since the stamping part curvature at the peeling position is significantly different from its overall curvature, the use of the compensating stamping method may cause damage to the stamping part as a whole. Therefore, the initial stamping value of the corresponding peeling position will be adjusted using the single stamping method.

[0099] In this embodiment, when a single punching method is required to adjust the initial punching value corresponding to the peeling position, an independent pressure unit is installed at the punching device position corresponding to the peeling position, thereby adjusting the punching value of the peeling position;

[0100] Only increase the pressure at the peeling position, detect the actual stamping part curvature is 15 °, set the compensation parameter of the difference between the stamping part curvature and the standard stamping part curvature on the initial stamping value to 50, then the initial stamping value after adjustment is 1200-(15-10)×50=950kN.

[0101] This technical solution targets flaky peeling (material peeling defects): by reducing the punching force (e.g., from 1200kN to 950kN), the shear stress is directly reduced to effectively suppress the material delamination phenomenon. If the curvature of the actual stamping part is greater than the curvature of the standard stamping part, the increased initial stamping value is determined based on the compensation parameters of the difference between the curvature of the stamping part and the curvature of the standard stamping part and the influence of the difference between the curvature of the stamping part and the curvature of the standard stamping part on the initial stamping value. At this time, because the curvature of the stamping part at the peeling position is not obvious compared to its overall curvature, the initial stamping value is adjusted down as a whole to change the peeling phenomenon on the surface of the stamping part. The pressure adjustment amount is accurately calculated by the curvature difference to avoid trial and error. The gas flowability is improved by exhaust detection and speed adjustment. A single stamping adjustment is used in the straight line area, and the overall pressure is adjusted. If the actual stamping part's curvature is less than or equal to the standard stamping part's curvature, the initial stamping pressure value of the single stamping method is increased based on the difference between the stamping part's curvature and the standard stamping part's curvature. At this point, because the curvature of the stamping part at the peeling location differs significantly from the overall curvature, using a compensating stamping method may damage the entire stamping part. Therefore, the initial stamping pressure value corresponding to the peeling location is adjusted using a single stamping method. Compensating stamping is used in the curved area for localized, precise pressure adjustment. The adjustment parameters are linearly correlated with the curvature difference, achieving quantitative control. Insufficient curvature is compensated by increasing the pressure, while excessive curvature is corrected by reducing the pressure. The pressure adjustment amplitude is proportional to the curvature deviation to ensure correction accuracy.

[0102] Specifically, the process of determining whether to adjust the ramming speed according to the ramming gas volume comparison result includes:

[0103] If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is greater than the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, the punching speed is reduced according to the difference between the punching part volume and the exhaust volume;

[0104] If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is smaller than the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume, the punching speed is increased according to the difference between the exhaust volume and the punching part volume;

[0105] When the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is within the exhaust volume fluctuation range, the original punching speed is maintained.

[0106] In this embodiment, the volume of the stamped part is calculated by 3D scanning, the gas volume fluctuation range is detected by the mold exhaust flow sensor, the initial stamping speed is set to 50 mm / s, and the exhaust volume fluctuation range is set to [90, 110].

[0107] If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is greater than the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, the reduced punching speed is determined according to the product of the difference between the punching part volume and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume and the influence compensation parameter of the initial punching speed, wherein the punching speed is negatively correlated with the difference between the punching part volume and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, and the negative correlation ratio of the punching speed and the difference between the punching part volume and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume is determined according to a preset negative correlation ratio. The negative correlation ratio of the punching speed and the difference between the punching part volume and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume is set to 0.4, and the reduced punching speed is 50-0.4×20=42m / s;

[0108] If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is smaller than the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume, the increased punching speed is determined according to the compensation parameters of the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume and the influence of the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume on the initial punching speed, wherein the punching speed is positively correlated with the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume, the positive correlation ratio of the punching speed and the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume is determined according to a preset positive correlation ratio, the positive correlation ratio of the difference between the punching part volume and the exhaust volume fluctuation volume is 0.2, and the increased punching speed is 50+0.2×30=56mm / s;

[0109] When the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is within the exhaust volume fluctuation range, the original punching speed is maintained.

[0110] Specifically, the process of adjusting the initial stamping value by adopting the compensating stamping method includes:

[0111] If the compensation stamping method is used for adjustment, the surface peeling state reflection parameter is re-tested. If the re-tested surface peeling state reflection is greater than the set maximum peeling state reflection parameter, the corresponding stamping part is determined to be a defective product.

[0112] Specifically, the process of determining whether a stamped part meets stamping requirements based on the surface peeling state includes:

[0113] The stamping is performed again according to the adjusted stamping value and stamping speed, and the surface peeling state of the stamped parts after the stamping is completed is judged to ensure that the stamped parts meet the stamping requirements.

[0114] This technical solution realizes closed-loop optimization control of the stamping process by establishing a dynamic coupling relationship between gas volume, stamping speed and pressure parameters. Rapid response to excess exhaust, rapid response to excess exhaust, and multi-parameter collaborative control mechanism. It can effectively determine whether the surface peeling state meets the stamping requirements. If the stamping gas volume comparison result is that the volume of the stamping part is greater than the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, the reduced stamping speed is determined according to the product of the difference between the volume of the stamping part and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume and the compensation parameter of the initial stamping speed, wherein the stamping speed is negatively correlated with the difference between the volume of the stamping part and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, and the negative correlation ratio of the stamping speed to the difference between the volume of the stamping part and the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume is determined according to the preset negative correlation ratio, which can extend the gas discharge time and avoid pores or surface peeling caused by residual gas compressed in the material. If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is less than the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume, the increased punching speed is determined based on the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume, and the compensation parameters for the impact of the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume on the initial punching speed. The punching speed is positively correlated with the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume, and the positive correlation ratio between the punching speed and the difference between the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume and the punching part volume is determined according to a preset positive correlation ratio. This can reduce ineffective exhaust time, reduce the risk of impurity inhalation, and improve production efficiency. The adjustment amplitude is automatically matched by material properties (such as aluminum alloy or high-strength steel) and mold status, avoiding manual trial and error.

[0115] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0116] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Punching the workpiece based on the initial punching value, detecting the surface peeling state of the workpiece after the punching is completed by a peeling detection device, and determining whether to adjust the initial punching value or whether to detect the density of the mold exhaust port based on the surface peeling state; In the case where the initial stamping value needs to be adjusted, the peeling position of the stamped part after stamping is detected to determine whether the initial stamping value needs to be adjusted; In the case where the density of the mold exhaust port needs to be tested, the exhaust volume in the mold cavity during the stamping process and the volume of the stamped part after the stamping are obtained, and the exhaust volume and the volume of the stamped part are compared to obtain a stamping gas volume comparison result. Based on the stamping gas volume comparison result, it is determined whether to adjust the stamping speed; Determine whether the stamping parts meet the stamping requirements based on the surface peeling status.

2. The anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of detecting the peeling state of the stamped parts by using the peeling detection device after stamping includes: Detecting the surface undulation angle and defect area of ​​the stamped part by a scanning device to obtain a surface peeling state reflection parameter, comparing the surface peeling state reflection parameter with a standard peeling state reflection parameter range, and determining the surface peeling state of the stamped part based on the peeling state reflection parameter comparison result; The surface peeling state includes a flaky peeling state, a fish-scale peeling state and a non-peeling state.

3. The anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The process of detecting the surface undulation angle and missing area of ​​the stamped part by a scanning device to obtain the parameters reflecting the surface peeling state includes: Determine the actual undulation angle category according to the preset standard undulation interval, determine the missing area impact evaluation value of the missing area on the surface peeling state reflection parameter according to the missing area ratio, and determine the peeling state reflection parameter according to the actual undulation angle and missing area; The missing area ratio is the ratio of the actual missing area to the surface area of ​​the stamping part.

4. The anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Specifically, the process of determining the surface peeling state of the stamped part based on the comparison results of the peeling state reflection parameters includes: If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter shows that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is greater than the maximum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be flaky peeling; If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter is that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is within the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be fish scale peeling state; If the comparison result of the peeling state reflection parameter is that the surface peeling state reflection parameter is less than or equal to the minimum value of the standard peeling state reflection parameter range, the surface peeling state is determined to be a non-peeling state.

5. The anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The process of determining whether to adjust the initial punching value or detect the density of the mold exhaust port according to the surface peeling state includes: When the surface peeling state is flaky peeling state, the initial punching value is determined and adjusted. When the surface peeling state is fish-scale peeling state, the density of the mold exhaust port is determined and tested.

6. The anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of determining whether to adjust the initial stamping value by detecting the peeling position of the stamped part after stamping is completed includes: Detecting the actual stamping part curvature at the peeling position, comparing the actual stamping part curvature with the standard stamping part curvature to obtain a stamping part curvature comparison result, and determining whether to use single stamping adjustment or compensating stamping adjustment based on the stamping part curvature comparison result; When the curvature of the actual stamping part is greater than that of the standard stamping part, the initial stamping value is adjusted by using the compensation stamping method; When the curvature of the actual stamping part is less than or equal to the curvature of the standard stamping part, the initial stamping value is adjusted by adopting a single stamping method; Among them, the single stamping method is a method of adjusting the overall stamping value; the compensating stamping method is a method of locally adjusting the stamping value according to the position where the curvature of the actual stamping part exceeds the standard.

7. The anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The process of determining whether to adjust the ram speed according to the ram gas volume comparison result includes: If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is greater than the maximum exhaust fluctuation volume, the punching speed is reduced according to the difference between the punching part volume and the exhaust volume; If the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is smaller than the minimum exhaust fluctuation volume, the punching speed is increased according to the difference between the exhaust volume and the punching part volume; When the punching gas volume comparison result shows that the punching part volume is within the exhaust volume fluctuation range, the original punching speed is maintained.

8. The anti-scaling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The process of adjusting the initial punching value by adopting the compensating punching method includes: If the compensation stamping method is used for adjustment, the surface peeling state reflection parameter is re-tested. If the re-tested surface peeling state reflection is greater than the set maximum peeling state reflection parameter, the corresponding stamping part is determined to be a defective product.

9. The anti-peeling method based on high-density exhaust die technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of determining whether a stamped part meets stamping requirements based on the surface peeling state includes: The stamping is performed again according to the adjusted stamping value and stamping speed, and the surface peeling state of the stamped parts after the stamping is completed is judged to ensure that the stamped parts meet the stamping requirements.

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