Accurate grinding machine tool for right-angle measuring tool and design method of accurate grinding machine tool

Abstract

The accurate grinding machine tool for the right-angle measuring tool comprises a base, an X-Y-axis moving module is arranged at the top of the base, a slide carriage is connected to the X-Y-axis moving module, and a clamp used for clamping the right-angle measuring tool is arranged on the slide carriage; a portal frame is fixed to the rear end of the top of the base, a Z-axis moving module is arranged on the portal frame, an electric spindle arranged in the vertical direction is connected to the Z-axis moving module, and the output end of the electric spindle is connected with a fine grinding tool. According to the clamp, the to-be-machined right-angle measuring tool is pressed and positioned under the combined action of the L-shaped upper and lower clamping surfaces, and clamping is reliable; according to the design method, a forward design-top-down method is introduced, meanwhile, the Petri net theory is introduced to solve the resource scheduling problem in the design process, the modeling technology is combined, the design method of the novel L-shaped right-angle measuring tool grinding machine tool is provided, the design efficiency of special machining equipment is improved, the design cost is reduced, and the design scheme is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a precision grinding and polishing machine tool for right-angle measuring tools and its design method. Background Art

[0002] High-precision right-angle measuring tools are an important precision detection tool, featuring high precision, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, etc. Although the Chinese measuring tool and instrument industry has made certain progress in technology, there is still a gap compared with foreign products in the high-end market. 70%-80% of the domestic market share is still occupied by foreign enterprises or multinational groups. Therefore, the Chinese measuring tool and instrument industry still faces challenges in technology upgrading and market expansion. Designing a special grinding equipment suitable for right-angle measuring tools is necessary. Along with the development of high-end manufacturing, the design cycle of special processing equipment for high-precision products is shortening, and it is particularly important to improve the design efficiency of processing equipment. When designing high-precision processing equipment, digital analysis and optimization technology is usually adopted. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a precision grinding and polishing machine tool for right-angle measuring tools and its design method.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A precision grinding and polishing machine tool for right-angle measuring tools includes a base. An X-Y axis moving module is provided on the top of the base. A cross slide is connected to the X-Y axis moving module, and a fixture for clamping the right-angle measuring tool is provided on the cross slide.

[0006] A gantry is fixed at the rear end of the top of the base. A Z-axis moving module is provided on the gantry. An electric spindle arranged in the vertical direction is connected to the Z-axis moving module, and a precision grinding tool is connected to the output end of the electric spindle.

[0007] The fixture includes a bottom plate, a pressing plate, and a top plate, all of which are L-shaped. At both ends of the top of the bottom plate, raised limiting platforms are provided. A positioning groove for placing the right-angle measuring tool to be processed is formed between the two limiting platforms and the top of the base. A plurality of vacuum suction cups are embedded at intervals on the bottom surface of the positioning groove, and the bottom parts of the vacuum suction cups are respectively connected to a vacuum generator. Support blocks are respectively fixed on the tops of the two limiting platforms. The two ends of the top plate are respectively fixed on the two support blocks. Guide rods arranged vertically are respectively fixed between the two support blocks and the top plate. The pressing plate is located between the base and the top plate, and both ends of the pressing plate are respectively slidably sleeved on the two guide rods. A return spring sleeved on the guide rod is connected between the top plate and the support block. A downward pressing driver is connected to the top plate, and the lower end of the downward pressing driver abuts against the top surface of the pressing plate. The downward pressing driver drives the pressing plate to move downward to press the right-angle measuring tool to be processed.

[0008] Furthermore, a PLC controller is adopted for the overall control of the machine.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressing driver is a thrust screw rod threadedly connected to the top plate.

[0010] A design method for a precision grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool according to the present invention, the design method comprising the following steps:

[0011] 1) The first stage: the overall machine tool scheme stage for the workpiece - dedicated processing equipment. According to the information and processing requirements of the workpiece, an overall machine tool model for the dedicated processing equipment is designed, the dimensional parameters of the key parts are initially determined, a 3D model is established in the CAD environment, and the initial parameters are obtained using the 3D model as the boundary conditions and constraints for the design optimization in the next stage;

[0012] 2) The second stage: the overall machine tool scheme - structural design stage. According to the initial conditions in the first stage, an optimization controller is designed and established. With the initial parameters as the boundary conditions and the requirements as the optimization objectives, it is responsible for controlling CAD modeling - CAE performance evaluation - CAD re - modeling; for the CAE performance evaluation, this evaluation includes extracting information from the 3D model established in the first stage and analyzing the information to organize it into a feature model, using CAE software to analyze the information, obtaining the model analysis results, and establishing the overall machine structure;

[0013] 3) The third stage: the overall machine structure - actual machine verification and analysis stage. After the optimized design in the second stage, the overall machine performance is checked, the weak links are corrected, and finally the actual machine assembly verification is carried out to check whether the requirements are met.

[0014] Furthermore, a Petri net model is established in the first stage. The Petri net model in the first stage includes 11 places and 8 transitions. Among them,

[0015] The 11 places are: workpiece information and processing requirements; processing technology requirement information; workpiece information; process function requirement information; process parameter information; motion function model; support structure layout model; structural parameter information; structural model; technical index information; overall machine tool scheme for dedicated processing equipment;

[0016] The 8 transitions are: analyzing workpiece information and processing requirements; processing technology design and analysis; function planning and layout; structure planning and layout; topology structure model building; equipment structural parameter analysis; dimension analysis and design; integrating process parameters and model determining the scheme.

[0017] Furthermore, Petri net models are established in the second stage and the third stage. The Petri net models in the second stage and the third stage include 15 places and 14 transitions;

[0018] Among them,

[0019] The 15 libraries are: initial complete machine assembly model; functional component requirement information; structural component requirement information; functional component performance analysis results; structural component feature information and information required for CAE simulation; functional component information; finite element model results; 3D model of functional components; 3D model of structural components; 3D model of the complete machine; updated attribute information of structural components; target difference set; approximate 3D model; complete machine simulation model; complete machine information;

[0020] The 14 transitions are: sorting and classifying the undefined structures of the complete machine model; performance analysis of functional components; building the initial conditions of the CAE environment; constructing the 3D model of functional components; optimizing the 3D model; meeting the design requirements and establishing the overall 3D model; making reasonable improvements when the structural components do not meet the design requirements; calculating the target difference; building the approximate model; updating the information of structural components; reasonable optimization; finite element analysis of the complete machine; passing the acceptance.

[0021] Adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, the fixture uses the combined action of L-shaped upper and lower clamping surfaces to tightly clamp and position the right-angle measuring tool to be machined, and the clamping is reliable;

[0023] 2. The present invention introduces the forward design - top-down (TOP-DOWN) method, and at the same time introduces the Petri net theory to solve the resource scheduling problem in the design process. Combining with the modeling technology, a design method for a new type of L-shaped right-angle measuring tool grinding machine is proposed, which improves the design efficiency of special processing equipment, reduces the design cost, and optimizes the design scheme. Description of the Drawings

[0024] The following further elaborates on the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the precision grinding and polishing machine for the right-angle measuring tool of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixture;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a front view of the fixture;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the base plate;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a forward design flow chart of the design method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a Petri net model diagram of the first stage;

[0031] Figure 7It is the Petri net model diagram of the second stage and the third stage;

[0032] Figure 8 It is the Petri net model diagram of the whole design process. Specific implementation manner

[0033] As Figure 1-4 shown, a precision grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool of the present invention includes a base 1 (made of marble). Shock absorbers 2 are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom of the base 1. An X-Y axis moving module 3 is provided on the top of the base 1. A sliding plate 4 is connected to the X-Y axis moving module 3. A fixture 5 for clamping the right-angle measuring tool is provided on the sliding plate 4;

[0034] A gantry 6 is fixed at the rear end of the top of the base 1. A Z-axis moving module 7 is provided on the gantry 6. An electric spindle 8 arranged in the vertical direction is connected to the Z-axis moving module 7.

[0035] The output end of the electric spindle 8 is connected to a precision grinding tool 9;

[0036] The X-Y axis moving module 3 and the Z-axis moving module 7 in the present invention adopt the screw-nut pair (driven by a motor) commonly used in existing numerical control machine tools, and the specific structure will not be elaborated. The Z-axis moving module 7 is used to drive the precision grinding tool 9 on the electric spindle 8 to move in the vertical direction, and the X-Y axis moving module 3 is used to drive the fixture to move in the horizontal plane.

[0037] The fixture 5 includes a bottom plate 51, a pressing plate 52 and a top plate 53 all in an L shape; convex limiting platforms 511 are respectively provided at both ends of the top of the bottom plate 51. A positioning groove 512 for placing the right-angle measuring tool to be processed is formed between the two limiting platforms 511 and the top of the base 1. A plurality of vacuum suction cups 54 are embedded at intervals on the bottom surface of the positioning groove 512. The bottom parts of the vacuum suction cups 54 are respectively connected to a vacuum generator; support blocks 55 are respectively fixed on the tops of the two limiting platforms 511. The two ends of the top plate 53 are respectively fixed on the two support blocks 55. Guide rods 56 arranged in the vertical direction are respectively fixed between the two support blocks 55 and the top plate 53. The pressing plate 52 is located between the base 1 and the top plate 53, and both ends of the pressing plate 52 are respectively slidably sleeved on the two guide rods 56. A return spring 57 sleeved on the guide rod 56 is connected between the top plate 53 and the support block 55; a downward pressing driver 58 is connected to the top plate 53. The lower end of the downward pressing driver 58 abuts against the top surface of the pressing plate 52, and the downward pressing driver 58 drives the pressing plate 52 to move downward to press the right-angle measuring tool to be processed. Among them, the downward pressing driver 58 is a thrust screw rod threadedly connected to the top plate 53.

[0038] Clamping principle of the fixture: Place the right-angle measuring tool to be processed into the positioning groove of the base plate 51, with one end of the right-angle measuring tool to be processed against the limit platform 511 at the corresponding end (the other end has a margin). At this time, turn on the vacuum generator and adjust the vacuum pressure value between 0.08 - 0.1 Mpa. The vacuum generator evacuates the air, and the vacuum suction cup 54 sucks the right-angle measuring tool to be processed. Rotate the thrust screw rod clockwise, and the thrust screw rod pushes the pressure plate 52 downward. The pressure plate 52 presses and fixes the right-angle measuring tool to be processed, completing the clamping action. After the fine grinding process of the right-angle measuring tool to be processed is completed, rotate the thrust screw rod counterclockwise. At this time, the pressure plate 52 is pushed under the action of the return spring 57 and leaves the right-angle measuring tool to be processed, completing the unloading action.

[0039] This fine grinding and polishing machine tool uses a PLC controller to control the whole machine.

[0040] As Figure 5 shown, a design method for a fine grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool of the present invention, the design method includes the following steps:

[0041] 1) The first stage: The workpiece - the whole machine scheme stage of the special processing equipment. Design the whole machine model of the special processing equipment according to the information and processing requirements of the workpiece, initially determine the dimensional parameters of the key parts, establish a three-dimensional model in the CAD environment, and use the three-dimensional model to obtain the initial parameters as the boundary conditions and constraints for the design optimization in the next stage;

[0042] 2) The second stage: The whole machine scheme - the structural design stage. Design and establish an optimized controller according to the initial conditions of the first stage. Set the initial parameters as the boundary conditions and the requirements as the optimization objectives, and be responsible for controlling CAD modeling - CAE performance evaluation - CAD re-modeling; for the CAE performance evaluation, this evaluation includes extracting information from the three-dimensional model established in the first stage and analyzing the information to organize it into a feature model, using CAE software to analyze the information, obtaining the model analysis results, and establishing the whole machine structure;

[0043] 3) The third stage: The whole machine structure - the actual machine verification and analysis stage. After the optimized design in the second stage, conduct a performance inspection of the whole machine, correct the weak links, and finally conduct an actual machine assembly verification to check whether the requirements are met.

[0044] As Figure 6 shown, establish a Petri net model in the first stage. The Petri net model in the first stage includes 11 places and 8 transitions. Among them,

[0045] The 11 places are: workpiece information and processing requirements; processing technology requirement information; workpiece information; process function requirement information; process parameter information; motion function model; support structure layout model; structural parameter information; structural model; technical index information; the whole machine scheme of the special processing equipment;

[0046] The 8 transitions are: analyzing workpiece information and processing requirements; processing technology design and analysis; function planning and layout; structure planning and layout; building a topological structure model; analyzing equipment structure parameters; dimension analysis and design; integrating process parameters and determining the model solution.

[0047] For Figure 6 each place in it, the definition and status are shown in Table 2-1. For Figure 6 each transition in it, the status change is shown in Table 2-2.

[0048] Table 2-1 Description Table of Model Places and Status in the First Stage of the Design Process

[0049]

[0050] Table 2-2 Information Table of Model Transitions and Status Transitions in the First Stage of the Design Process

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Tables 2-1 and 2-2, the status of each place and the transformation process of each transition in the first stage of the design are described in detail.

[0054] Such as Figure 7 shown, Petri net models are established in the second and third stages. The Petri net models in the second and third stages include 15 places and 14 transitions;

[0055] Among them,

[0056] the 15 places are: initial whole-machine assembly model; functional component requirement information; structural component requirement information; functional component performance analysis results; structural component feature information and information required for CAE simulation; functional component information; finite element model results; 3D model of functional components; 3D model of structural components; 3D model of the whole machine; updated attribute information of structural components; target difference set; approximate 3D model; whole-machine simulation model; whole-machine information;

[0057] the 14 transitions are: sorting out undefined structures of the whole-machine model for classification; functional component performance analysis; setting up initial conditions in the CAE environment; building a 3D model of functional components; optimizing the 3D model; meeting the design requirements and building an overall 3D model; if the structural components do not meet the design requirements, making reasonable improvements; calculating the target difference; building an approximate model; updating the information of structural components; reasonable optimization; whole-machine finite element analysis; passing the acceptance.

[0058] For Figure 7 each place in it, the definition and status are shown in Table 2-3. For Figure 7Each transition and state change in it is shown in Table 2-4.

[0059] Table 2-3 Model Place and State Description Table for the Second and Third Stages of the Design Process

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Table 2-4 Model Transition and State Transformation Information Table for the Second and Third Stages of the Design Process

[0063]

[0064] As shown in Tables 2-3 and 2-4, it describes the combination of the states of each place and the transformation process of each transition in the second and third stages of the design. Figure 6 、 7 to obtain the overall Petri net model of the design scheme, as Figure 8 shown.

[0065] As Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 in the upper part is the first stage, and the lower part is the second and third stages, with the starting places being P0 and P24 respectively. It can be seen from the established Petri net model that the design scheme is a gradual design process, which conforms to the characteristics of a product design.

[0066] The above describes the specific implementation manners of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example. Without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to this implementation manner, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool, characterized in that: It includes a base. An X-Y axis moving module is provided on the top of the base. A cross slide is connected to the X-Y axis moving module. A fixture for clamping a right-angle measuring tool is provided on the cross slide. A gantry is fixed at the rear end of the top of the base. A Z-axis moving module is provided on the gantry. A vertical electric spindle is connected to the Z-axis moving module. A precision grinding tool is connected to the output end of the electric spindle. The fixture includes a bottom plate, a pressing plate and a top plate, all of which are in an L shape. Raised limiting platforms are respectively provided at both ends of the top of the bottom plate. A positioning groove for placing the right-angle measuring tool to be processed is formed between the two limiting platforms and the top of the base. A plurality of vacuum suction cups are embedded at intervals on the bottom surface of the positioning groove. The bottom parts of the vacuum suction cups are respectively connected to a vacuum generator. Support blocks are respectively fixed at the tops of the two limiting platforms. The two ends of the top plate are respectively fixed on the two support blocks. Guide rods arranged vertically are respectively fixed between the two support blocks and the top plate. The pressing plate is located between the base and the top plate, and both ends of the pressing plate are respectively slidably sleeved on the two guide rods. A return spring sleeved on the guide rod is connected between the top plate and the support block. A downward pressing driver is connected to the top plate, and the lower end of the downward pressing driver abuts against the top surface of the pressing plate. The downward pressing driver drives the pressing plate to move downward to press the right-angle measuring tool to be processed.

2. The fine grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It uses a PLC controller to control the whole machine.

3. The precision grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downward pressing driver is a thrust screw rod threadedly connected to the top plate.

4. A design method for a precision grinding and polishing machine tool of a right-angle measuring tool according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The design method includes the following steps: 1) The first stage: the whole machine scheme stage of the workpiece - special processing equipment. According to the information and processing requirements of the workpiece, design the whole machine model of the special processing equipment, initially determine the dimensional parameters of the key parts, establish a 3D model in the CAD environment, and use the 3D model to obtain the initial parameters as the boundary conditions and constraints for the design optimization in the next stage. 2) The second stage: the whole machine scheme - structural design stage. Design and establish an optimized controller according to the initial conditions in the first stage. Set the initial parameters as the boundary conditions and the requirements as the optimization goals, and be responsible for controlling CAD modeling - CAE performance evaluation - CAD re-modeling. For the CAE performance evaluation, this evaluation includes extracting information from the 3D model established in the first stage and analyzing the information to organize it into a feature model, using CAE software to analyze the information, obtaining the model analysis results, and establishing the whole machine structure. 3) The third stage: the whole machine structure - physical machine verification and analysis stage. After the optimized design in the second stage, conduct a performance inspection of the whole machine, correct the weak links, and finally conduct a physical machine assembly verification to check whether the requirements are met.

5. The design method of a precision grinding and polishing machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the first stage, a Petri net model is established. The Petri net model in the first stage includes 11 places and 8 transitions. Among them, The 11 places are: workpiece information and processing requirements; processing technology requirement information; workpiece information; process function requirement information; process parameter information; motion function model; support structure layout model; structural parameter information; structural model; technical index information; the whole machine scheme of the special processing equipment. The eight transitions are: analyzing workpiece information and processing requirements; processing process design and analysis; function planning and layout; structure planning and layout; building a topological structure model; analyzing equipment structure parameters; dimension analysis and design; integrating process parameters and determining the model solution.

6. The design method of a precision grinding machine tool for a right-angle measuring tool according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: In the second and third stages, a Petri net model is established. The Petri net models in the second and third stages include 15 places and 14 transitions. Among them, The 15 places are: initial overall machine assembly model; functional component requirement information; structural component requirement information; functional component performance analysis results; structural component feature information and information required for CAE simulation; functional component information; finite element model results; functional component 3D model; structural part 3D model; overall machine 3D model; updated attribute information of structural components; target difference set; approximate 3D model; overall machine simulation model; overall machine information. The 14 transitions are: sorting and classifying the undefined structures of the overall machine model; functional component performance analysis; setting up the initial conditions of the CAE environment; building a 3D model of functional components; optimizing the 3D model; meeting the design requirements and building an overall 3D model; reasonably improving the structural parts that do not meet the design requirements; calculating the target difference; building an approximate model; updating the information of structural parts; reasonable optimization; overall machine finite element analysis; passing the acceptance.

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