Filter pressing process and filter pressing device

Abstract

The invention provides a filter pressing process and a filter pressing device.The filter pressing process comprises the steps that a sealing structure is controlled to seal the bottom of a filter bag; a pressure applying structure is controlled to pre-press the first filter plate according to first preset pressure, and the bottom of the first filter plate extrudes a sealing structure through a block structure for secondary sealing; controlling a feeding structure to inject a target amount of slurry into the filter bag; the pressure applying structure is controlled to extrude the filter bag, and the pressure of the pressure applying structure is gradually increased to second preset pressure from the first preset pressure; the block structure is controlled to be removed out of the range of the first filter plate, the pressure applying structure is controlled to extrude the filter bag, and the pressure of the pressure applying structure is gradually increased to third preset pressure from second preset pressure; the pressure applying structure is controlled to move in the direction away from the filter bag; controlling the sealing structure to open the bottom of the filter bag to separate the filter cake from the filter bag. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the compression ratio of the coal slime filter cake is low in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure filtration, and more specifically, to a pressure filtration process and a pressure filtration device. Background Art

[0002] A filter press is a solid-liquid separation device, which is widely used in scenarios such as coal preparation plants, domestic sewage treatment, graphite recycling of lithium battery power batteries, wine and beverage production, and metal beneficiation. Its basic principle is: under the action of a pressure difference, forcing the liquid-solid mixture to pass through a porous medium (filter medium), the fluid passes through the medium, while the solid particles are retained on the medium, so as to achieve the purpose of liquid-solid separation. In a specific production process, the pressure filtration output is solid (filter cake), or liquid (filtrate), or both.

[0003] In a specific application scenario of a coal preparation plant, a filter press, as a device for treating coal slime water, aims to retain fine-grained coal (usually less than 0.5 mm) in the waste (coal slime water) generated in the coal washing process (to become coal slime), and collect the filtered water for reuse.

[0004] Under the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements and economic benefit considerations (coal slime with low moisture content can be sold at a higher price and applied to the thermal coal scenario), the application of filter presses, especially high-pressure filter presses, is increasing. On the one hand, it can eliminate the environmental problems caused by discharging coal slime water without treatment, and recycling the filtrate water can reduce the production water consumption of the coal preparation plant. On the other hand, it can also increase economic income by selling coal slime. In addition, high-pressure filter presses can replace the combined equipment of medium and low-pressure filter presses and dryers before, obtain coal slime with the same moisture content, and directly save the production link of the dryer, saving a large amount of investment, labor, and electricity costs. It can be said that high-pressure filter presses are a kind of efficient production equipment for turning waste into treasure, and their application in coal preparation plants is also increasing year by year.

[0005] In the related art, the filter chamber of an elastic frame chamber high-pressure filter press is composed of a rigid core plate and an elastic frame. The elastic filter frame and the rigid core plate form a sealed cavity. After the coal slime water is pumped into the cavity by the pumping system, in the pressing stage, the elastic filter frame is pushed by the hydraulic system to compress and squeeze the coal slime water at the same time, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing moisture. However, the compression amount of the above elastic frame is limited, which will affect the compression ratio of the coal slime filter cake. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main object of the present invention is to provide a pressure filtration process and a pressure filtration device to solve the problem of the relatively low compression ratio of the coal slime filter cake in the related art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a pressure filtration process is provided, including: controlling a sealing structure to seal the bottom of a filter bag; controlling a pressing structure to pre-press a first filter plate at a first preset pressure, and the bottom of the first filter plate squeezes the sealing structure through a block structure for secondary sealing; controlling a feeding structure to inject a target amount of slurry into the filter bag; controlling the pressing structure to squeeze the filter bag, and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure from the first preset pressure to a second preset pressure; controlling the block structure to be removed outside the range of the first filter plate, controlling the pressing structure to squeeze the filter bag, and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure from the second preset pressure to a third preset pressure; controlling the pressing structure to move in a direction away from the filter bag; controlling the sealing structure to open the bottom of the filter bag so that the filter cake detaches from the filter bag.

[0008] Further, injecting the target amount of slurry includes: filling the filter bag with a preset feeding pressure and expanding to fill the gap between the filter bag and the first filter plate.

[0009] Further, the first preset pressure is greater than the preset feeding pressure.

[0010] Further, when squeezing the filter bag and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure from the first preset pressure to the second preset pressure, the compression amount of the pressing structure squeezing the filter bag is between 20% and 40%.

[0011] Further, when controlling the pressing structure to squeeze the filter bag and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure from the second preset pressure to the third preset pressure, the compression amount of the pressing structure squeezing the filter bag is greater than 30%.

[0012] Further, the pressure filtration process further includes: a partition strip is provided in the vertical direction of the first filter plate so that the filter cake is divided into at least two units after being squeezed by the third preset pressure.

[0013] Further, the pressure filtration process further includes: controlling the sealing structure to open the bottom of the filter bag, and controlling a vibration mechanism to vibrate the filter bag so that the filter cake detaches from the filter bag.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a pressure filtration device is provided for performing the above pressure filtration process. The pressure filtration device includes: a base frame; a plurality of first filter plates, which are arranged at intervals, and each first filter plate is movably arranged; a pressing structure, which is arranged on the base frame, and the pressing structure is in driving cooperation with the first filter plate located at the end among the plurality of first filter plates to move the first filter plate; a filter bag, at least one filter bag is arranged between two adjacent first filter plates; a sealing structure, which is arranged on the base frame and is used to block the bottom of the filter bag; a block structure, which is movably arranged on the base frame in the up and down direction, and the block structure has a supporting state and an avoiding state. When the block structure is in the supporting state, the block structure is located between two adjacent first filter plates. When the block structure is in the avoiding state, the block structure is located below the first filter plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the block structure is an elastic block.

[0016] Furthermore, the block structure extends along the length direction of the filter bag.

[0017] Furthermore, the filter press device also includes a second filter plate, which is fixedly arranged on the base frame, and the pressure structure drives the first filter plate to move toward the second filter plate.

[0018] Furthermore, there are multiple filter bags and multiple sealing structures, the multiple filter bags and the multiple sealing structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and a block structure is arranged between any two adjacent sealing structures.

[0019] Furthermore, the filter press device also includes a plurality of water filter nets, and a water filter net is arranged between any two adjacent filter bags.

[0020] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the sealing structure is controlled to seal the bottom of the filter bag, the pressure structure is pre-pressed on the first filter plate with a first preset pressure, and the block structure can squeeze the sealing structure to achieve a second seal. Then the feeding structure is controlled to inject a target amount of slurry into the filter bag, and then the pressure structure is controlled to gradually increase the pressure from the first preset pressure to the second preset pressure and squeeze the filter bag. After the block structure is removed, the pressure structure is controlled to gradually increase the pressure from the second preset pressure to the third preset pressure and squeeze the filter bag. Then the pressure structure is controlled to move away from the filter bag, and the bottom of the filter bag is opened to allow the filter cake to separate from the filter bag. Through the above-mentioned settings, the cooperation of the pressure structure pre-pressing the first filter plate and the block structure squeezing the sealing structure can limit the filter bag to the space between the first filter plate and the block structure, so that the position of the filter bag can be more stable, and the block structure can better support the bottom of the filter bag, thereby ensuring that the filter bag can hold more slurry. After injecting the target amount of slurry, the pressure is gradually increased to the second preset pressure and the filter bag is squeezed. At this time, the water can be initially drained, that is, the fluidity of the slurry becomes worse, and the slurry is not easy to accumulate at the bottom of the filter bag. After removing the block structure, the pressure is gradually increased to the third preset pressure to squeeze the filter bag. This can further discharge the water in the slurry. After the block structure is removed, the pressure structure can be avoided from being affected. After the filter press is completed, the pressure structure is controlled to move in the direction away from the filter bag, and the bottom of the filter bag is opened to allow the filter cake to escape from the filter bag. After the above-mentioned multiple pressure applications, the efficiency of solid-liquid separation can be effectively improved and the compression ratio can be improved. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of relatively low compression of the coal slime filter cake in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 Shows a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a pressure filtration process according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pressure filtration device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the pressure filtration device;

[0025] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the block structure in an avoidance state;

[0026] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 10. Sealing structure; 20. Filter bag; 30. Block structure; 40. Pressing structure; 51. Base frame; 52. First filter plate; 53. Second filter plate; 54. Filter water net. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation manners according to the present application. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts described in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the filter pressing process includes:

[0032] Step S10: controlling the sealing structure 10 to seal the bottom of the filter bag 20;

[0033] Step S20: Control the pressure structure 40 to pre-press the first filter plate 52 according to the first preset pressure, and the bottom of the first filter plate 52 is squeezed by the sealing structure 10 through the block structure 30 to perform secondary sealing;

[0034] Step S30: controlling the feeding structure to inject a target amount of slurry into the filter bag 20;

[0035] Step S40: controlling the pressure-applying structure 40 to squeeze the filter bag 20, and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressure-applying structure 40 from the first preset pressure to the second preset pressure;

[0036] Step S50: controlling the block structure 30 to be removed outside the range of the first filter plate 52, controlling the pressure structure 40 to squeeze the filter bag 20, and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressure structure 40 from the second preset pressure to the third preset pressure;

[0037] Step S60: Control the pressure structure 40 to move in a direction away from the filter bag 20;

[0038] Step S70 : controlling the sealing structure 10 to open the bottom of the filter bag 20 to separate the filter cake from the filter bag 20 .

[0039] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the sealing structure 10 is controlled to seal the bottom of the filter bag 20, the pressure structure 40 pre-presses the first filter plate 52 with a first preset pressure, and the block structure 30 can squeeze the sealing structure 10 to achieve a second seal. Then the feeding structure is controlled to inject a target amount of slurry into the filter bag 20, and then the pressure structure 40 is controlled to gradually increase the pressure from the first preset pressure to the second preset pressure and squeeze the filter bag 20. After the block structure 30 is removed, the pressure structure 40 is controlled to gradually increase the pressure from the second preset pressure to the third preset pressure and squeeze the filter bag 20. Then the pressure structure 40 is controlled to move away from the filter bag 20, and the bottom of the filter bag 20 is opened to allow the filter cake to separate from the filter bag 20. Through the above-mentioned setting, the pressure structure 40 pre-presses the first filter plate 52 and the block structure 30 squeezes the sealing structure 10, which can limit the filter bag 20 within the space between the first filter plate 52 and the block structure 30, so that the position of the filter bag 20 can be more stable, and the block structure 30 can better support the bottom of the filter bag 20, so as to ensure that the filter bag 20 can hold more slurry. After injecting the target amount of slurry, the pressure is gradually increased to the second preset pressure and the filter bag 20 is squeezed. At this time, preliminary drainage can be performed, that is, the fluidity of the slurry becomes worse, and the slurry is not easy to accumulate at the bottom of the filter bag 20. After the block structure 30 is removed, the pressure is gradually increased to the third preset pressure and the filter bag 20 is squeezed, so that the water in the slurry can be further discharged. After the block structure 30 is removed, the pressure structure 40 can be avoided from being affected. After the filter press is completed, the pressure structure 40 is controlled to move in a direction away from the filter bag 20, and the bottom of the filter bag 20 is opened to allow the filter cake to escape from the filter bag 20. After the above multiple pressurizations, the efficiency of solid-liquid separation can be effectively improved while the compression ratio can be increased. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of low compression ratio of coal slime filter cake in the related art.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, injecting the target amount of slurry includes: filling the filter bag 20 with a preset feed pressure, and expanding to fill the gap between the filter bag 20 and the first filter plate 52. The setting of the preset feed pressure ensures the uniform distribution of the slurry in the filter bag 20, avoids the problem of excessive local pressure, and effectively prevents damage to the filter bag 20. At the same time, by expanding to fill the gap between the filter bag 20 and the first filter plate 52, the filtration area is significantly increased, the filtration volume per unit time is increased, and the overall production efficiency is improved.

[0041] The above setting is particularly important for processing high-viscosity materials, which can effectively avoid the accumulation of materials in the filter bag and ensure the uniform formation of the filter cake.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the first preset pressure is greater than the preset feeding pressure. The above setting can avoid interference between the block structure and the pressing structure. The difference between the first preset pressure and the preset feeding pressure ensures that the filter bag 20 can form a stable structure during the pre-pressing stage, providing a good foundation for subsequent slurry injection.

[0043] And this design can effectively avoid excessive expansion and damage of the filter bag 20 under high pressure, ensuring the continuity and stability of the filtration process, and improving the formation efficiency and dewatering effect of the filter cake.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, control the pressing structure 40 to squeeze the filter bag 20, and gradually increase the pressure of the pressing structure 40 from the first preset pressure to the second preset pressure. The compression amount of the pressing structure 40 squeezing the filter bag 20 is between 20% and 40%. Controlling the pressing structure 40 to gradually increase the pressure to the second preset pressure and squeeze the filter bag 20, with the compression amount between 20% and 40%, ensures the uniform formation and preliminary dewatering of the filter cake, while protecting the structure of the filter bag 20 and avoiding damage to the filter bag 20 caused by excessive compression.

[0045] And this precise pressure control and compression amount design improve the dryness and forming quality of the filter cake, reduce the difficulty of subsequent processing, and improve the efficiency and safety of the overall operation.

[0046] It should be noted that if the above compression amount is less than 20%, it will result in insufficient extrusion and affect the subsequent extrusion effect. If the compression amount is greater than 40%, it will cause interference between the block structure 30 and the pressing structure 40.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the compression amount of the pressing structure 40 squeezing the filter bag 20 is 30%. Of course, in other embodiments, it can also be 22%, 25%, 28%, 32%, 35%, 38% or other values.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, squeeze the filter bag 20, and gradually increase the pressure of the pressing structure 40 from the second preset pressure to the third preset pressure. The compression amount of the pressing structure 40 squeezing the filter bag 20 is greater than 30%. Controlling the pressing structure 40 to gradually increase the pressure to the third preset pressure and squeeze the filter bag 20, with the compression amount greater than 30%, realizes the deep dewatering of the filter cake and significantly improves the dryness and forming quality of the filter cake. This design is particularly effective for processing high-viscosity or difficult-to-filter materials, can overcome the problems of high water content and poor dewatering effect in the traditional pressure filtration process, improves the processing efficiency and quality of the material, and reduces the energy consumption and cost of subsequent processing.

[0049] As Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the pressure filtration process further includes: a partition strip is provided in the vertical direction of the first filter plate 52, so that the filter cake is divided into at least two units after being extruded by a third preset pressure. Arranging a partition strip (including but not limited to a convex structure) in the vertical direction of the first filter plate 52 enables the filter cake to be divided into at least two units under the extrusion of the third preset pressure, which not only improves the dehydration effect of the filter cake, but also facilitates the collection and treatment of the filter cake.

[0050] The above design has a good effect on processing large-volume or high-viscosity materials, can avoid the adhesion and accumulation of the filter cake, improve the dryness and forming quality of the filter cake, reduce the difficulty of subsequent processing, and improve the efficiency and automation level of the overall operation.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, the pressure filtration process further includes: controlling the sealing structure 10 to open the bottom of the filter bag 20, and controlling the vibration mechanism to vibrate the filter bag 20, so that the filter cake detaches from the filter bag 20. Controlling the sealing structure 10 to open the bottom of the filter bag 20 and simultaneously starting the vibration mechanism to vibrate the filter bag effectively promotes the automatic shedding of the filter cake, avoids manual intervention, reduces the production cost, and improves the safety and automation level of the operation.

[0052] It should be noted that the above vibration includes but is not limited to periodic or random vibration.

[0053] The pressure filtration process of this embodiment significantly improves the pressure filtration efficiency and the dryness of the filter cake through multi-stage pressure control and unique sealing and vibration designs. First, through two seals, the tightness of the bottom of the filter bag 20 is ensured, which functions to support the filter bag 20 and prevent the leakage of the slurry, thus improving the filtration quality. Second, the staged pressure application not only effectively avoids the damage caused by excessive compression of the filter bag 20, but also can precisely control the formation process of the filter cake, ensuring the integrity and dehydration effect of the filter cake. Finally, by arranging the partition strip and the vibration mechanism, the filter cake is evenly distributed and easy to shed under high pressure, reducing manual intervention, lowering the production cost, and improving the safety and automation level of the overall operation.

[0054] According to another aspect of the present application, a pressure filtration device is provided, as Figures 2 to 4As shown in the figure, the pressure filtration device of this embodiment is used to perform the above-mentioned pressure filtration process. The pressure filtration device includes: a base frame 51, a plurality of first filter plates 52, a pressing structure 40, a filter bag 20, a sealing structure 10, and a block structure 30. The plurality of first filter plates 52 are arranged at intervals, and each first filter plate 52 is movably arranged. The pressing structure 40 is arranged on the base frame 51, and the pressing structure 40 is in driving cooperation with the first filter plate 52 located at the end among the plurality of first filter plates 52 to move the first filter plate 52. At least one filter bag 20 is arranged between two adjacent first filter plates 52. The sealing structure 10 is arranged on the base frame 51 and is used to block the bottom of the filter bag 20. The block structure 30 is movably arranged on the base frame 51 in the vertical direction. The block structure 30 has a supporting state and an avoiding state. When the block structure 30 is in the supporting state, the block structure 30 is located between two adjacent first filter plates 52. When the block structure 30 is in the avoiding state, the block structure 30 is located below the first filter plate 52.

[0055] The above settings utilize the multi-faceted filtration ability of the filter bag 20 and combine the dynamic support and avoidance of the block structure 30 to achieve a more efficient pressure filtration process. This can significantly reduce the moisture content of the filter cake, increase the filtration area at the same time, and improve the filtration efficiency.

[0056] Specifically, the first filter plate 52, the second filter plate 53, the pressing structure 40, the filter bag 20, the sealing structure 10, and the block structure 30 are all arranged on the base frame 51, which can make their positions more stable. The pressing structure 40 can push the first filter plate 52 and then drive the first filter plate 52 to squeeze the filter bag 20. The block structure 30 can move up and down, which can support the filter bag 20 and avoid the filter bag 20, and then can make the solid-liquid separation effect better, that is, can effectively improve the compression ratio.

[0057] Specifically, the filter bag 20 is sewn by filter cloth. The front and back two surfaces of the filter cloth are the main filtration surfaces, and the other four surfaces can also discharge the filtrate. The material of the filter cloth is specially designed and processed by textile and sewing processes, which can achieve a high tensile strength, avoid the filter cloth from cracking and failing during the pressing process, and at the same time ensure sufficient water permeability to achieve a rapid drainage effect. Above the filter bag 20; the two tubular structures are the feeding ports, the upper side and the left and right sides are continuous filter cloth, and the lower side of the filter bag 20 is an open structure to realize the discharging function after the pressing is completed. The front of the filter bag is trapezoidal in shape, which is convenient for discharging the formed filter cake.

[0058] For extremely difficult-to-press slime (the required compression ratio exceeds 30%), a flexible material lifting mechanism is designed. After the overall process completes the pre-pressing, the elastomer is lowered. At this time, the compression ratio of the filter bag can reach more than 30%, and the moisture content below 13% is achieved with an ultra-high compression ratio.

[0059] Such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the block structure 30 is an elastic block. The elastic block has good compressibility and restorability, which can ensure the sealing of the filter bag 20 during the high-pressure pressing process. At the same time, it can quickly return to its original state during the discharging stage, facilitating the removal of the filter cake and avoiding hard contact between the pressing structure 40 and the block structure 30. Also, since the elastic block can deform, even if the pressing structure 40 squeezes the elastic block, the elastic block will not affect the movement of the pressing structure 40.

[0060] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the block structure 30 extends along the length direction of the filter bag 20. By increasing the contact area of the elastic block, the support and sealing effects on the filter bag 20 are improved, ensuring the effective separation of the filtrate during the pressing process.

[0061] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the filter press device further includes a second filter plate 53, which is fixedly arranged on the base frame 51, and the pressing structure 40 drives the first filter plate to move towards the second filter plate 53. Through the cooperation of the fixed second filter plate 53 and the movable first filter plate 52, the dynamic adjustment of the filter chamber is realized, improving the controllability and efficiency of the filter pressing process.

[0062] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, there are multiple filter bags 20 and multiple sealing structures 10. The multiple filter bags 20 and the multiple sealing structures 10 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and a block structure 30 is arranged between any two adjacent sealing structures 10. Through the combination of the multiple filter bags 20 and the sealing structures 10, the overall quality of the filter cake and the filter pressing efficiency are improved.

[0063] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, since the lower part of the filter bag 20 is open, a pressing structure 40 is required to achieve sealing during the feeding and pressing processes. The pressing structure 40 is composed of a combination of rigid materials and flexible materials (or all flexible materials). The overall pressing force is provided by the main oil cylinder of the system. The pressing force is transmitted to the pressing structure 40 by the oil cylinder pushing the drainage plate. The flexible material of the pressing structure 40 is deformed by extrusion, forming a sealing effect on the lower openings of the two filter bags 20. During the pressing stage, this flexible material can continue to provide compressive deformation, enabling the overall compression amount to reach 30%, and the water content of the filter cake to reach about 13%. This flexible material can ensure that the overall permanent deformation is less than 2% in the scenario of ultra-high compression ratio cyclic operation, and the compression modulus remains relatively consistent during the operation cycle. Since the filter press device only has a lower side frame (compared with the 4-side frame of the elastomer, 3 frames are reduced), the proportion of the overall hydraulic pressure occupied during the pressing process is reduced to less than 7%. Compared with the 15% hydraulic pressure occupied by the elastomer frame, the system energy consumption is effectively reduced.

[0064] The filter press device further includes a plurality of filter meshes 54, and one filter mesh 54 is arranged between any two adjacent filter bags 20. By arranging the filter meshes 54, the drainage path of the filtrate is further optimized, the drainage efficiency is improved, and the filtrate recovery time is reduced at the same time.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment, the filter mesh 54 has a plurality of flow-through channels, and at least some of the plurality of flow-through channels communicate with each other. Each flow-through channel has a first port and a second port, and at least one first port is provided on any surface of the filter mesh 54. The water in the filter bag 20 can enter the plurality of flow-through channels and be discharged through the plurality of first ports, that is, part of the water in the filter bag 20 can be diverted to the second filter plate 53, and the rest of the water can be discharged through the surface of the filter mesh 54 that is not in contact with the filter bag 20 and the second filter plate 53. This can make the drainage efficiency higher and more water can be discharged.

[0066] Specifically, the second port of each flow-through channel extends to the surface of the filter mesh 54. Of course, in other embodiments, the second port of each flow-through channel is located inside the filter mesh 54.

[0067] The technical solution of this embodiment uses thicker metal parts and different weaving methods compared with the traditional single-plane wire mesh. The metal parts are bent in a zigzag pattern in the thickness direction of the water filtration net 54. From the side view, it can be observed that due to the bending of the metal parts, there are more pores in the thickness direction of the water filtration net 54. During the pressure filtration process, a complete drainage channel is provided for the filtrate, avoiding blockage of the filter bag 20 in the gaps of the water filtration net 54, thereby improving the drainage speed. Moreover, when bearing a large pressure, the thickness direction of the water filtration net 54 needs to have a certain spatial stability, that is, regardless of the feeding stage or the pressing stage, the drainage passage along the direction of the filter bag 20 needs to always exist. Through this form of water filtration net 54, during the feeding and pressure filtration processes, the filtrate first precipitates from the filter bag 20 into the water filtration net 54, and then drains out of the pressure filtration area of the filter bag 20 along the direction of the water filtration net 54.

[0068] Specifically, the technical solution of this embodiment optimizes the form of the water filtration net 54, modifies the wire mesh with only one-way drainage effect into all-directional drainage, adds bends in the thickness direction of the water filtration net 54, and creates vertical flow-through channels. The drainage speed of the filter press using the water filtration net 54 as the drainage medium is accelerated. It has a more significant effect on the slime with a relatively large particle size and easy to handle.

[0069] The multiple flow-through channels include multiple first channels, multiple second channels, and multiple third channels. The multiple first channels extend along the first preset axis direction, the multiple second channels extend along the second preset axis direction, and the multiple third channels extend along the third preset axis direction. Among them, any two of the first preset axis, the second preset axis, and the third preset axis are perpendicular to each other. The above-mentioned multiple first channels, multiple second channels, and multiple third channels can cover a large range, thereby improving the drainage efficiency.

[0070] Specifically, both ends of each first channel are respectively connected to different surfaces of the water filtration net 54, both ends of each second channel are respectively connected to different surfaces of the water filtration net 54, and both ends of each third channel are respectively connected to different surfaces of the water filtration net 54.

[0071] The water filtration net 54 includes a plurality of first metal parts, which are arranged at intervals along the first preset axis direction. Each first metal part has a plurality of first bending parts, and some of the plurality of first bending parts protrude towards the second filter plate 53, and the remaining parts of the plurality of first bending parts protrude towards the filter bag 20. The above-mentioned first metal parts have good structural strength, and the arrangement of the plurality of first bending parts can further improve the structural strength of the water filtration net 54, thereby avoiding being squeezed and deformed. At the same time, since some of the plurality of first bending parts protrude towards the first filter plate 52, the first bending parts can achieve support, that is, each first bending part is clamped between the filter bag 20 and the second filter plate 53, so that there is enough space between the filter bag 20 and the second filter plate 53, making it easier for water to be discharged.

[0072] It should be noted that a first channel is formed between the first bending part and the second filter plate 53 and between the first bending part and the filter bag 20, a second channel is formed between two adjacent first metal parts, and a third channel is formed between the second filter plate 53 and the filter bag 20.

[0073] The water filtration net 54 further includes second metal parts, which are arranged at intervals along the second preset axis direction, and any first metal part is connected to at least part of the plurality of second metal parts. The arrangement of the above-mentioned second metal parts can further improve the structural strength of the water filtration net 54.

[0074] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, each second metal part has a plurality of second bending parts, and some of the plurality of second bending parts protrude towards the second filter plate 53, and the remaining parts of the plurality of second bending parts protrude towards the filter bag 20. The above arrangement can make the contact area between the water filtration net 54 and the filter bag 20 larger, which can not only ensure the structural strength of the water filtration net 54, but also avoid damaging the filter bag 20.

[0075] The plate-and-frame filter press device of this embodiment realizes a more efficient and thorough pressure filtration treatment of coal slime water by using the filter bag 20 and the elastic block body. Compared with the traditional diaphragm chamber or elastic frame chamber filter press, the plate-and-frame filter press device of this embodiment not only greatly reduces the moisture content of the filter cake, but also the design of the filter bag 20 significantly increases the filtration area and improves the filtration efficiency. In addition, the introduction of the elastic block body not only simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the production cost, but also ensures the stability and tightness of the filter bag during the high-pressure pressing process, avoids filtrate leakage, and improves the overall operation safety and reliability. The use of the water filtration net 54 further optimizes the drainage effect, reduces the filtrate recovery time, and enhances the economy and practicability of the equipment.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0077] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "above-mentioned", etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature described in the drawings with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation other than the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientations of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations should be made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0078] In addition, it should be noted that using words such as "first", "second", etc. to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statement, the above words have no special meaning. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0079] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure filtration process, characterized in that, Including: Controlling the sealing structure (10) to seal the bottom of the filter bag (20); Controlling the pressing structure (40) to pre-press the first filter plate (52) at a first preset pressure, and the bottom of the first filter plate (52) squeezes the sealing structure (10) through the block structure (30) for secondary sealing; Controlling the feeding structure to inject a target amount of slurry into the filter bag (20); Controlling the pressing structure (40) to squeeze the filter bag (20), and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure (40) from the first preset pressure to a second preset pressure; Controlling the block structure (30) to be removed outside the range of the first filter plate (52), controlling the pressing structure (40) to squeeze the filter bag (20), and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure (40) from the second preset pressure to a third preset pressure; Controlling the pressing structure (40) to move in a direction away from the filter bag (20); Controlling the sealing structure (10) to open the bottom of the filter bag (20) so that the filter cake detaches from the filter bag (20).

2. The pressure filtration process according to claim 1, wherein Said injecting the target amount of slurry includes: filling the filter bag (20) with a preset feeding pressure and expanding to fill the gap between the filter bag (20) and the first filter plate (52).

3. The pressure filtration process according to claim 2, wherein The first preset pressure is greater than the preset feeding pressure.

4. The pressure filtration process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling the pressing structure (40) to squeeze the filter bag (20), and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure (40) from the first preset pressure to a second preset pressure, and the compression amount of the pressing structure (40) squeezing the filter bag (20) is between 20% and 40%.

5. The pressure filtration process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling the pressing structure (40) to squeeze the filter bag (20), and gradually increasing the pressure of the pressing structure (40) from the second preset pressure to a third preset pressure, and the compression amount of the pressing structure (40) squeezing the filter bag (20) is greater than 30%.

6. The pressure filtration process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure filtration process further includes: a partition strip is provided in the vertical direction of the first filter plate (52) so that the filter cake is divided into at least two units after being squeezed by the third preset pressure.

7. The pressure filtration process according to claim 1, wherein The pressure filtration process further includes: controlling the sealing structure (10) to open the bottom of the filter bag (20), and controlling the vibration mechanism to vibrate the filter bag (20) so that the filter cake detaches from the filter bag (20).

8. A pressure filtration device, characterized in that, For performing the pressure filtration process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the pressure filtration device includes: A base frame (51); A plurality of first filter plates (52), the plurality of first filter plates (52) are arranged at intervals, and each first filter plate (52) is movably arranged; A pressing structure (40) is arranged on the base frame (51), and the pressing structure (40) is in driving cooperation with the first filter plate (52) at the end among the plurality of first filter plates (52) to move the first filter plate (52); Filter bags (20), at least one filter bag (20) is arranged between two adjacent first filter plates (52); A sealing structure (10) is arranged on the base frame (51) and is used to block the bottom of the filter bag (20); The block structure (30) is movably arranged on the base frame (51) in the vertical direction. The block structure (30) has a supporting state and an avoidance state. When the block structure (30) is in the supporting state, the block structure (30) is located between two adjacent first filter plates (52). When the block structure (30) is in the avoidance state, the block structure (30) is located below the first filter plate (52).

9. The pressure filtration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The block structure (30) is an elastic block.

10. The pressure filtration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The block structure (30) extends along the length direction of the filter bag (20).

11. The pressure filtration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure filtration device further includes a second filter plate (53). The second filter plate (53) is fixedly arranged on the base frame (51), and the pressing structure (40) drives the first filter plate (52) to move towards the second filter plate (53).

12. The pressure filtration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are multiple filter bags (20) and multiple sealing structures (10). The multiple filter bags (20) and the multiple sealing structures (10) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A block structure (30) is arranged between any two adjacent sealing structures (10).

13. The pressure filtration device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pressure filtration device further includes multiple filter water meshes (54). A filter water mesh (54) is arranged between any two adjacent filter bags (20).

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