Rotor shaft structure and motor

Abstract

The invention provides a rotor shaft structure and a motor, the rotor shaft structure comprises a shaft body, one end of the shaft body is provided with a groove, a support sleeve is sleeved in the groove, a heat insulation chamber is formed between the support sleeve and the inner side wall of the groove, and a heat insulation medium is arranged in the heat insulation chamber. According to the rotor shaft, the technical problem that the reliability of the rotor shaft is reduced due to the fact that the rotor shaft is poor in heat dissipation performance in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a rotor shaft structure and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In today's society, most of the rotor shafts selected for motors are traditional solid shafts. Although they are widely used, there are also some obvious disadvantages.

[0003] When the motor is working, a large amount of heat energy is generated during the rotation of the rotor. Due to the effect of heat conduction, the heat will accumulate on the rotor shaft. Over time, the rotor shaft may thermally expand under high temperature conditions, and the structural deformation may cause the clearance between the shaft and the bearing to become smaller. In addition, the rotor shaft may also be deformed. Especially when the material strength and stiffness of the shaft are insufficient to resist the thermal stress, the deformation will cause the shaft to be misaligned, increasing vibration and noise. In some extreme cases, high temperature and thermal stress may cause fatigue damage or even fracture of the rotor shaft, resulting in serious mechanical failures.

[0004] The interior of the traditional solid shaft is filled with materials, resulting in a relatively large overall weight, which is not advantageous in some applications that require lightweight design and affects the use effect. Secondly, the moment of inertia is large, making it difficult to control the rotor dynamics. The designed driving force of the motor needs to be relatively large, with a large margin, resulting in energy waste. It affects the system's ability to start and stop quickly. In addition, the demand for materials for the solid rotor shaft is large. If titanium alloy or high-strength alloy is used, the manufacturing cost will be even higher and more expensive.

[0005] Under high load and high-speed conditions, due to the general anti-bending moment ability of the solid shaft, the shaft is prone to deformation. At the same time, due to the poor heat dissipation performance of the solid shaft, only relying on the outer surface for heat dissipation, the heat dissipation area is limited, and large thermal stress is easily generated under high temperature conditions, affecting the reliability and service life of the shaft.

[0006] There are also some indirect effects. For example, the high temperature on the outer surface of the rotor shaft may cause the decomposition of the lubricating oil between the shaft and the bearing, losing the lubrication effect; secondly, if the bearing bears too high a temperature, it may cause the softening or even melting of the bearing material, increasing the number of bearing replacements; high temperature may also cause the performance of the insulating material near the rotor shaft to decline, increasing the risk of short circuit and breakdown. High temperature may also change the electromagnetic performance of the rotor core and winding, affecting the output power and efficiency of the motor.

[0007] Due to the technical problems such as poor heat dissipation performance of the rotor shaft in the prior art, which lead to a reduction in the reliability of the rotor shaft, the present invention researches and designs a rotor shaft structure and a motor. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, the present invention provides a rotor shaft structure and a motor, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the rotor shaft has poor heat dissipation performance, resulting in reduced reliability of the rotor shaft.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rotor shaft structure, including: a shaft body, a groove is provided at one end of the shaft body, a support sleeve is sleeved in the groove, an insulating chamber is formed between the support sleeve and the inner side wall of the groove, and an insulating medium is provided in the insulating chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, both ends of the support sleeve are in interference fit with the groove, and an insulating chamber is formed between the middle part of the support sleeve and the inner side wall of the groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support sleeve has a cylindrical structure, and a hollow cavity structure is provided inside the support sleeve. A plurality of channels are provided at one end of the support sleeve, and the channels communicate with the insulating chamber.

[0012] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft body, the inner side wall of the groove includes a first section, a second section and a third section. Along the direction from the opening of the groove to the bottom of the groove, the first section, the third section and the second section are arranged in sequence. The first section is close to the opening of the groove, the third section is located between the first section and the second section, the second section and the third section are in interference fit with the support sleeve, a part of the first section is in interference fit with the support sleeve, and the part of the first section in interference fit with the support sleeve is located away from the third section.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner diameters of the first section, the third section and the second section decrease in sequence, and the first section and the third section are connected by an arc, the second section and the third section are connected by a straight line segment, and the straight line segment is inclined along the direction from the opening of the groove to the bottom of the groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft body, the outer wall of the support sleeve includes a fourth section, a fifth section and a sixth section. Along the direction from the opening of the groove to the bottom of the groove, the sixth section, the fifth section and the fourth section are arranged in sequence. The fourth section is matched with the second section, the sixth section is matched with a part of the first section, a part of the fifth section is matched with the third section, and an insulating chamber is formed between the remaining part of the fifth section and the remaining part of the first section.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer diameters of the sixth section, the fifth section and the fourth section decrease in sequence. One end of the channel is open at the end of the sixth section, and the other end of the channel is open on the fifth section.

[0016] In some embodiments, a shaft cover is provided at the opening of the groove, and the support sleeve is located between the shaft cover and the bottom of the groove.

[0017] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft body, the sum of the lengths of the shaft cover and the support sleeve is not less than the depth of the groove.

[0018] The present invention also provides a motor, which includes the aforementioned rotor shaft structure.

[0019] A rotor shaft structure and a motor provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: A groove is provided at one end of the shaft body, so that the shaft body forms a hollow structure. An insulating chamber is formed between the support sleeve and the inner side wall of the groove, and an insulating medium is provided in the insulating chamber, which can effectively block the heat transferred from the rotor core and the magnetic steel, protect the internal structure of the rotor shaft, and avoid structural damage caused by excessive internal temperature of the rotor shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. The drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other implementation drawings according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the rotor shaft structure of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the shaft body in the rotor shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the support sleeve in the rotor shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the A-A cross-sectional view; Figure 5 is an assembly structure diagram of the shaft body and the support sleeve in the rotor shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the shaft cover in the rotor shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the rotor shaft structure of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0022] The reference numerals are: 1, shaft body; 2, first section; 3, second section; 4, third section; 5, support sleeve; 6, fourth section; 7, fifth section; 8, sixth section; 9, shaft cover; 10, insulating chamber; 11, channel. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0025] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "above...", "on the upper surface of...", "above" can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature shown in the figure and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure for the device. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "beneath other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientation of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding explanations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0026] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first", "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statement, the above words have no special meaning, and thus cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Combined with reference to Figures 1 - 7As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a rotor shaft structure is provided, including: a shaft body 1, one end of the shaft body 1 is provided with a groove, a support sleeve 5 is sleeved in the groove, and a heat insulation chamber 10 is formed between the support sleeve 5 and the inner side wall of the groove, and there is a heat insulation medium in the heat insulation chamber 10. In this technical solution, a groove is provided at one end of the shaft body 1, so that the shaft body 1 forms a hollow structure. By forming a heat insulation chamber 10 between the support sleeve 5 and the inner side wall of the groove, and there is a heat insulation medium in the heat insulation chamber 10, it can effectively block the heat transferred from the rotor core and the magnetic steel, protect the internal structure of the rotor shaft, and avoid structural damage caused by too high internal temperature of the rotor shaft.

[0028] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the groove is circular, and the heat insulation medium can be an inert gas or an insulating medium, and the inert gas is, for example, krypton gas.

[0029] The rotor shaft structure of the present invention makes the inside of the rotor shaft a hollow structure, increases the heat insulation chamber, and the chamber is filled with a heat insulation medium. The medium is pressed into the chamber from the channel. With the presence of the heat insulation medium, the internal temperature of the rotor shaft can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the rotor shaft can be extended.

[0030] The rotor shaft structure of the present invention adopts the structure of the groove to realize the structure of the hollow rotor. The closed end can prevent the leakage of the medium, and at the same time play a sealing role to ensure the circulation of the medium in the channel. The closed end can provide structural support to avoid deformation or damage of the rotor shaft during high-speed rotation or under force. Moreover, the closed end can simplify the processing process, avoid complex internal structures, reduce processing time and save materials, and there is no need to use a shaft cover anymore.

[0031] In some embodiments, both ends of the support sleeve 5 are in interference fit with the groove, and the heat insulation chamber 10 is formed between the middle part of the support sleeve 5 and the inner side wall of the groove.

[0032] In this technical solution, both ends of the support sleeve 5 are in interference fit with the groove, so that the support sleeve 5 is fixed in the shaft body 1. The heat insulation chamber 10 is formed between the middle part of the support sleeve 5 and the inner side wall of the groove. By using the heat insulation medium in the heat insulation chamber 10, it can better block the heat transferred to the inside of the rotor shaft due to the rotation of the rotor, reduce the internal temperature of the rotor shaft, and reduce the influence on the rotor shaft.

[0033] In some embodiments, the support sleeve 5 has a cylindrical structure, and the support sleeve 5 has a hollow cavity structure inside. A plurality of channels 11 are provided at one end of the support sleeve 5, and the channels 11 are communicated with the heat insulation chamber 10.

[0034] In this technical solution, a heat-insulating medium is transported to the heat-insulating chamber 10 through the channel 11. The support sleeve 5 has a hollow cavity structure, which greatly further reduces the weight of the rotor shaft, reduces the moment of inertia, improves the bending and torsion resistance, improves the rotor dynamic performance, and reduces energy loss.

[0035] In the rotor shaft structure of the present invention, the rotor shaft structure is divided into a hollow body and a support sleeve, which reduces the mass of the rotor shaft, reduces the moment of inertia, and solves the problems of large moment of inertia caused by the large mass of the rotor, difficult rotor dynamic control, difficult fast response control, large motor driving force margin, and energy waste.

[0036] The most effective part for the rotor shaft to transmit torque is the outer edge of the rotor shaft. The efficiency of the central part in transmitting torque or bending moment / weight is very low, which belongs to dead weight. Theoretically, as long as it can bear the transmitted shaft torque and bending moment, the thinner the shaft wall or the more effective mass distributed on the shaft wall, the better, which can reduce the weight and moment of inertia, and improve the bending and torsion resistance. Therefore, this hollow structure can effectively reduce the weight and moment of inertia, improve the bending and torsion resistance, improve the rotor dynamic performance, and reduce energy loss.

[0037] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft body 1, the inner side wall of the groove includes a first section 2, a second section 3, and a third section 4. Along the direction from the opening of the groove to the bottom of the groove, the first section 2, the third section 4, and the second section 3 are arranged in sequence, and the first section 2 is arranged close to the opening of the groove, the third section 4 is located between the first section 2 and the second section 3, the second section 3 and the third section 4 are in interference fit with the support sleeve 5, and a part of the first section 2 is in interference fit with the support sleeve 5, and the part of the first section 2 in interference fit with the support sleeve 5 is located away from the third section 4.

[0038] In this technical solution, through the design of the first section 2, the second section 3, and the third section 4, the side wall of the groove is reasonably utilized. While meeting the assembly of the support sleeve, the axial length of the heat-insulating chamber 10 along the shaft body 1 is ensured, the heat-insulating effect is improved, thereby effectively reducing the internal temperature of the rotor shaft and prolonging the service life of the rotor shaft.

[0039] In some embodiments, the inner diameters of the first section 2, the third section 4, and the second section 3 decrease in sequence, and the first section 2 and the third section 4 are connected by an arc, and the second section 3 and the third section 4 are connected by a straight line segment, and the straight line segment is inclined along the direction from the opening of the groove to the bottom of the groove.

[0040] In this technical solution, the first section 2 and the second section 3 are connected by an arc, and the second section 3 and the third section 4 are connected by a straight line segment. Moreover, the straight line segment is inclined along the direction from the opening to the bottom of the groove, which facilitates the assembly of the support sleeve 5. Of course, a straight line segment inclined along the direction from the opening to the bottom of the groove can also be used to connect the first section 2 and the second section 3. The inner diameters of the first section 2, the third section 4, and the second section 3 decrease in sequence, so that the inner wall of the groove forms a stepped structure, which is conducive to the installation of the support sleeve 5.

[0041] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft body 1, the outer wall of the support sleeve 5 includes a fourth section 6, a fifth section 7, and a sixth section 8. Along the direction from the opening to the bottom of the groove, the sixth section 8, the fifth section 7, and the fourth section 6 are arranged in sequence. The fourth section 6 cooperates with the second section 3, the sixth section 8 cooperates with a part of the first section 2, a part of the fifth section 7 cooperates with the third section 4, and an insulating chamber is formed between the remaining part of the fifth section 7 and the remaining part of the first section 2.

[0042] In this technical solution, through the design of the fourth section 6, the fifth section 7, and the sixth section 8, the side wall of the support sleeve 5 is reasonably utilized. While meeting the assembly of the support sleeve 5, the axial length of the insulating chamber 10 along the shaft body 1 is ensured, the heat insulation effect is improved, thereby effectively reducing the internal temperature of the rotor shaft and prolonging the service life of the rotor shaft.

[0043] In some embodiments, the outer diameters of the sixth section 8, the fifth section 7, and the fourth section 6 decrease in sequence. One end of the channel 11 is open at the end of the sixth section 8, and the other end of the channel 11 is open on the fifth section 7.

[0044] In this technical solution, the outer diameters of the sixth section 8, the fifth section 7, and the fourth section 6 decrease in sequence, so that the outer wall of the support sleeve 5 forms a stepped structure, and it cooperates with the stepped structure of the inner side wall of the groove. The stepped structure design can optimize the stress distribution through cross-sections with different diameters, avoid stress concentration, thereby improving the strength and rigidity of the rotor shaft and prolonging the service life. Further, one end of the channel 11 opens towards the outside of the groove.

[0045] In the rotor shaft structure of the present invention, a heat insulation medium is filled in the middle gap between the hollow shaft body and the inner shaft support sleeve, which can better block the heat transferred to the inside of the rotor shaft due to the rotation of the rotor, reduce the temperature inside the rotor shaft, and reduce the influence on the rotor shaft. At the same time, since the hollow rotor shaft is integrally forged from an alloy material, and the alloy material has good thermal conductivity, the heat is dissipated through the outer surface of the rotor shaft into the air circulation or oil cooling, so that the heat of the rotor core and the permanent magnet can be reduced due to the heat transfer effect, and the influence on the magnetic conductivity of the rotor is reduced. Moreover, the hollow structure of the hollow shaft can reduce the thermal stress caused by temperature changes and improve the reliability and service life of the shaft.

[0046] The inner shaft support sleeve and the hollow rotor shaft are respectively integrally forged, and high-strength alloy materials are used, which have good anti-bending moment ability. When the inner shaft support sleeve and the hollow rotor shaft are combined into one body, the shaft cover seals the inner shaft support sleeve by means of hot fitting. At the same time, the support sleeve can also support the hollow rotor shaft, so that the rotor shaft structure can be kept stable and the service life can be extended.

[0047] In some embodiments, a shaft cover 9 is provided at the opening of the groove, and the support sleeve 5 is located between the shaft cover 9 and the bottom of the groove.

[0048] In this technical solution, through the shaft cover 9, it is ensured that the support sleeve is fixed in the shaft, and the rotor shaft structure is stable. The shaft cover 9 can block the punching holes of the channel 11 and prevent the medium from leaking from the heat insulation chamber.

[0049] In the rotor shaft structure of the present invention, the hollow rotor shaft is a hollow structure, one end is closed and the other end is open, in a stepped shape, and is integrally forged from a metal material. The support sleeve is also integrally forged from a metal material, and one end is provided with a heat insulation medium filling channel, and the processing is difficult. The two are assembled in combination. There will be a chamber between the hollow rotor shaft body and the support sleeve, which is filled with a heat insulation medium to block the heat transferred from the electromagnetic loss of the stator and rotor cores and the heat generated by the friction between the balls in the bearing and the inner and outer walls of the bearing to the rotor shaft. After the support sleeve is inserted into the hollow shaft, the shaft cover is used to seal the hollow rotor shaft by means of hot fitting. The assembly method of the shaft body, the support sleeve and the shaft cover omits the complex processing technology, making the manufacturing of the rotor shaft more convenient and fast. The hollow design structure can save materials and control costs. The chamber between the hollow rotor shaft and the support sleeve realizes heat insulation. When the motor runs, eddy current loss in the iron core and magnetic domain flipping will occur in the stator and rotor cores in the alternating magnetic field, generating hysteresis loss, and there will still be a certain amount of rolling friction on the contact surface between the bearing balls and the inner and outer rings. This friction will cause heat generation, and all these will generate heat. When this heat reaches the surface of the rotor shaft, the heat insulation medium in the chamber can effectively block the heat transfer to the inside of the rotor shaft, maintain the internal temperature stability, reduce the thermal stress caused by temperature changes, and ensure the reliable and stable operation of the motor.

[0050] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft body 1, the sum of the lengths of the shaft cover 9 and the support sleeve 5 is not less than the depth of the groove.

[0051] In this technical solution, when the sum of the lengths of the shaft cover 9 and the support sleeve 5 is equal to the depth of the groove, the shaft cover 9 and the inner side wall of the groove can be connected by a threaded connection. When the sum of the lengths of the shaft cover 9 and the support sleeve 5 is greater than the depth of the groove, the shaft cover 9 can be connected to the shaft body 1 by a shrink-fit method.

[0052] For the rotor shaft structure of the present invention, under the condition of the same material, the stiffness of the hollow shaft can be better than that of the solid shaft. When the shaft surface is subjected to pressure, the cross-section has a stronger bending moment resistance ability and can better resist bending deformation. At the same time, the lightweight design can be applied to more scenarios, such as drones, new energy vehicles, etc. On the one hand, the weight reduction enables the motor to start and brake quickly. On the other hand, the hollow structure can provide space support for installing cooling pipes in the future.

[0053] The hollow shaft can increase its outer diameter to improve stiffness. Stiffness mainly depends on the geometric characteristics of the cross-section, especially the moment of inertia. For a circular shaft, the moment of inertia is proportional to the fourth power of the radius. Assuming that the hollow shaft and the solid shaft have the same mass, the hollow shaft can increase the moment of inertia by increasing the outer diameter, thereby improving stiffness. Even though the total material amount of the hollow shaft is less, due to its larger outer diameter, its ability to resist bending and torsion is stronger.

[0054] The rotor shaft structure of the present invention adopts a hollow structure inside the rotor shaft, which is composed of a hollow rotor shaft, an inner shaft support sleeve and a shaft cover. The hollow rotor shaft and the inner shaft support sleeve are assembled by a shrink-fit method. There is a chamber between them. When the support sleeve is shrink-fitted into the hollow rotor shaft and cooled, a heat-insulating medium is pressurized through two channels at one end of the support sleeve, which can effectively block the heat transferred from the rotor core and the magnetic steel, protect the internal structure of the rotor shaft, and avoid structural damage caused by excessive internal temperature of the rotor shaft. Then, the shaft cover is assembled with the hollow rotor shaft by a shrink-fit method to ensure that the support sleeve is fixed in the shaft and ensure the stability of the rotor shaft structure. The hollow structure of the hollow rotor shaft can effectively reduce the weight and moment of inertia, improve the bending and torsion resistance ability, improve the rotor dynamic performance, and reduce energy loss.

[0055] When the motor is operating, the electromagnetic field generated by the stator induces a current in the rotor, thereby generating an electromagnetic torque. The electromagnetic torque is transmitted to the rotor shaft through the rotor core and the permanent magnet, mainly transmitted along the outer edge. The rotor shaft undergoes elastic deformation under the action of the torque. However, since the material is concentrated in the outermost layer, the torsional stiffness is the highest and the deformation is small. Secondly, due to the friction between the balls in the bearing and the inner and outer walls of the bearing, heat is generated, which will cause the shaft temperature to rise. However, since the outer surface of the hollow rotor shaft can dissipate heat through air circulation or oil cooling, and the temperature of the inner surface will remain relatively stable due to the presence of the medium, the shaft temperature is maintained within a safe range, ensuring the stable operation of the motor. Generally speaking, the lightweight design of the rotor shaft reduces the moment of inertia, thus improving the response speed and dynamic performance of the motor. Compared with the solid shaft, the hollow rotor shaft uses high-strength alloy materials, which improves the bending and torsional resistance of the rotor shaft, ensures the dynamic balance of the rotor during high-speed rotation, and reduces the vibration and additional stress caused by imbalance.

[0056] The present invention also provides a motor, including the above rotor shaft structure.

[0057] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above various methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and variations can still be made, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor shaft structure, characterized in that: Comprising: A shaft body (1), one end of the shaft body (1) is provided with a groove, a support sleeve (5) is sleeved in the groove, an insulating chamber (10) is formed between the support sleeve (5) and the inner side wall of the groove, and an insulating medium is provided in the insulating chamber (10); the support sleeve (5) has a cylindrical structure, and the support sleeve (5) has a hollow cavity structure inside, one end of the support sleeve (5) is provided with a plurality of channels (11), and the channels (11) communicate with the insulating chamber (10).

2. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the support sleeve (5) are in interference fit with the groove, and the insulating chamber (10) is formed between the middle part of the support sleeve (5) and the inner side wall of the groove.

3. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Axially along the shaft body (1), the inner side wall of the groove includes a first section (2), a second section (3) and a third section (4). Along the direction from the opening to the bottom of the groove, the first section (2), the third section (4) and the second section (3) are arranged in sequence, and the first section (2) is arranged close to the opening of the groove, the third section (4) is located between the first section (2) and the second section (3), the second section (3) and the third section (4) are in interference fit with the support sleeve (5), a part of the first section (2) is in interference fit with the support sleeve (5), and the part of the first section (2) in interference fit with the support sleeve (5) is located away from the third section (4).

4. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the first section (2), the third section (4) and the second section (3) decrease in sequence, and the first section (2) and the third section (4) are connected by an arc, the second section (3) and the third section (4) are connected by a straight line segment, and the straight line segment is inclined along the direction from the opening to the bottom of the groove.

5. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 3, wherein, Axially along the shaft body (1), the outer wall of the support sleeve (5) includes a fourth section (6), a fifth section (7) and a sixth section (8). Along the direction from the opening to the bottom of the groove, the sixth section (8), the fifth section (7) and the fourth section (6) are arranged in sequence, the fourth section (6) is matched with the second section (3), the sixth section (8) is matched with a part of the first section (2), a part of the fifth section (7) is matched with the third section (4), and the insulating chamber is formed between the remaining part of the fifth section (7) and the remaining part of the first section (2).

6. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer diameters of the sixth section (8), the fifth section (7) and the fourth section (6) decrease in sequence, one end of the channel (11) is opened at the end of the sixth section (8), and the other end of the channel (11) is opened on the fifth section (7).

7. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shaft cover (9) is provided at the opening of the groove, and the support sleeve (5) is located between the shaft cover (9) and the bottom of the groove.

8. The rotor shaft structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Axially along the shaft body (1), the length of the shaft cover (9) and the length of the support sleeve (5) are not less than the depth of the groove.

9. A motor, characterized in that: Including the rotor shaft structure according to any one of claims 1-8.

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