A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of three-way ball valves, and specifically discloses a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, comprising a valve body and an observation hole. A valve cover is fixedly mounted on one side of the valve body. Both the valve body and the valve cover are made of 304 stainless steel. The valve body has three inlets and outlets arranged in a T-shape. An observation hole is formed on the side of the valve body away from the three inlets and outlets. An observation hole cover is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the observation hole. A straight-through ball is rotatably connected to the interior of the valve body. Soft and hard sealing mechanisms including graphite rings are provided between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through ball. An upper valve stem is fixedly mounted on one side of the straight-through ball, the end of which passes through the valve cover. A lower valve stem is fixedly mounted on the other side of the straight-through ball, the end of which passes through the valve body. The end of the lower valve stem is a square structure. A cooling mechanism including a water-cooling jacket is provided on the outer wall of the valve body. The observation hole allows for regular inspection of blockages within the valve body and the carbonization chamber. The observation hole cover can be opened to clear blockages, thereby keeping the valve body clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of three-way ball valves, in particular to a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole. Background Art

[0002] Coke ovens produce a lot of waste liquid, waste gas, and waste residue during the coal coking process. The treatment of related waste is a serious burden on the coking plant. Therefore, a reforming equipment is designed to conduct the source of the raw gas produced by the coal coking coke oven through a three-way reversing valve to allow the waste water and waste gas generated in the coal coking process to be reused to generate economic benefits.

[0003] Commonly used three-way reversing valves are divided into L-type and T-type, which can realize the circulation of medium by switching and connecting three different pipelines. However, the operating temperature of the coke oven is 700-1300℃, the exhaust temperature of raw gas is very high, and the carbon content in the coke oven is relatively high. The reaction in the carbonization chamber is prone to graphite accumulation. Conventional three-way reversing valves will become clogged under such extreme working conditions, affecting the normal operation of the actuator. At the same time, high temperature will cause adverse effects such as valve body deformation and seal failure, making it difficult to meet working requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, comprising a valve body and an observation hole. A valve cover is fixedly mounted on one side of the valve body. Both the valve body and the valve cover are made of 304 stainless steel. The valve body is provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T-shape. An observation hole is provided on the side of the valve body away from the three inlets and outlets. An observation hole cover is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the observation hole. A through-ball is rotatably connected to the interior of the valve body. A soft and hard sealing mechanism including a graphite ring is provided between the three inlets and outlets and the through-ball. An upper valve stem is fixedly connected to one side of the through-ball, the end of which passes through the valve cover. A lower valve stem is fixedly connected to the other side of the through-ball, the end of which passes through the valve body. The end of the lower valve stem is a square structure. A cooling mechanism including a water-cooling jacket is provided on the outer wall of the valve body.

[0007] The outer wall of the valve body is fixedly connected to a water cooling jacket of the same shape as the outer wall of the valve body but larger in size, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the water cooling jacket and the outer wall of the valve body;

[0008] A spherical valve seat is fixedly installed between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere. The spherical valve seat is a spherical structure with an annular groove at one end close to the straight-through sphere. A graphite ring is arranged in the annular groove. The end of the graphite ring close to the straight-through sphere is a disc-type spherical structure. The thickness of the graphite ring is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the annular groove and the end of the spherical valve seat.

[0009] Preferably, the valve cover upper end cover is fixedly mounted on a fixing bracket by a first fixing bolt, and an actuator including a cylinder is provided on the upper end of the fixing bracket;

[0010] A cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the fixing frame, and an output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the upper valve stem.

[0011] Preferably, an upper valve stem shaft seal is provided at the intersection of the upper valve stem and the valve cover, and a lower valve stem shaft seal is provided at the intersection of the lower valve stem and the valve body.

[0012] Preferably, a packing gland is fixedly installed between the upper valve stem and the side wall of the valve cover, a first sealing ring is provided on the upper valve stem side wall between the packing gland and the upper valve stem shaft seal, a second sealing ring is fixedly installed between the lower valve stem and the side wall of the valve body, and a second sealing ring is provided on the lower valve stem side wall between the second sealing ring and the lower valve stem shaft seal.

[0013] Preferably, a circulation inlet is fixedly installed on one side of the water cooling jacket close to the observation hole, and the circulation inlet is connected to an external circulation water pump. The water cooling jacket is located at the 0 degree position of the valve body and has circulation outlets symmetrically opened on both sides, and the two circulation outlets are connected to an external circulation water pool.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the observation hole cover and the contact surface of the observation hole are wedge-shaped structures, the observation hole cover is rotatably connected to a pressure plate, the bottom of the pressure plate is inserted into the observation hole, the bottom end of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to a connecting column, a thermocouple is provided at the end of the connecting column, and a cleaning mechanism is provided at the bottom of the connecting column.

[0015] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a connecting rod and a sliding cylinder. The bottom of the connecting column is rotatably connected to the connecting rod through an extension rod. The bottom of the end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a plug-in rod. The side wall of the observation hole is provided with a through groove connected to the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket and the outer wall of the valve body. The sliding cylinder is slidably connected in the through groove. The sliding cylinder is provided with a plug-in hole near one end of the connecting column, and the plug-in rod is plugged into the plug-in hole.

[0016] Preferably, the sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to a ball head at one end away from the connecting column, and a stepped sealing structure is symmetrically provided on the side of the ball head close to the sliding cylinder, and the stepped sealing structure is slidably connected to the end of the through groove on one side of the cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding cylinder has two symmetrical flow holes on one side close to the ball head, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding cylinder, a spring is sleeved between the limiting ring and the side wall of the observation hole, and the sliding cylinder on one side of the limiting ring has two symmetrical flow outlets, and the flow holes and the flow outlets are connected through the hollow structure inside the sliding cylinder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention provides an observation hole, and the observation hole is provided for regularly checking the blockage inside the valve body and the carbonization chamber. If serious blockage occurs, the observation hole cover can be opened to clean the blockage and keep the valve body clean, which can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of raw gas. The observation hole and the observation hole cover adopt a wedge-shaped sealing structure to prevent internal smoke from leaking. Whenever the observation hole cover is opened for cleaning, the thermocouple can also be cleaned or replaced. Compared with some methods of separately opening holes in the body to install thermocouples, installation and replacement are more convenient.

[0020] The present invention provides a cooling mechanism, and the cooling mechanism installs an external water-cooling jacket, so that the cavity formed between the water-cooling jacket and the outer wall of the valve body can be injected with circulating cooling water to cool the valve body, thereby improving the service life of the valve body and preventing workers from being scalded during maintenance. If the thermocouple monitors a regular linear rise in temperature, it can be fed back to the external PLC controller and the external PLC controller can be used to control the external external circulating water pump to increase the power, so that the circulating water flow in the water-cooling jacket is increased, and then the temperature is reduced, thereby meeting the use requirements of the valve body in a high-temperature environment, and the external water-cooling jacket does not affect the normal operation of the valve body and the straight-through ball.

[0021] The present invention provides a soft and hard sealing mechanism and fills a compressible graphite ring (with a compression rate of 10%-30%) between the contact surface of the spherical valve seat and the straight-through ball to make up for the gap caused by linear expansion, so that the sealing effect is guaranteed. The graphite ring and the contact surface of the spherical valve seat and the straight-through ball are set to a disc-type spherical structure to ensure sufficient contact with the spherical surface of the straight-through ball, so as to ensure sufficient sealing and smooth rotation of the straight-through ball, which not only meets the sealing requirements but also enables the straight-through ball to work normally in a high-temperature environment.

[0022] The present invention sets a lower valve stem, and the straight-through ball drives the upper valve stem to rotate through the cylinder to achieve angle switching, thereby switching and connecting the three inlets and outlets. The lower valve stem is exposed to the outside, and the end is designed as a square structure, which can be connected to a manual operating mechanism, so that manual auxiliary driving can be conveniently performed when the upper cylinder drive structure cannot work due to power outage or gas outage, affecting production, or when the internal tar is blocked and the upper cylinder drive mechanism cannot drive the valve.

[0023] The present invention sets a cleaning mechanism. In order to reduce the number of desilting times and prolong the working time of the valve body, the cleaning mechanism is connected through a pressure plate, wherein a thermocouple is electrically connected to an external PLC controller. The thermocouple can monitor the temperature change at the observation hole in real time. When siltation occurs, the temperature monitored by the thermocouple will rise irregularly, and the operator can judge that siltation has occurred. At this time, manual operation can be performed for cleaning. In actual use, an electric actuator can be installed outside the pressure plate, and the cleaning operation can be performed remotely through the electric actuator. As the continuous working time of the valve body increases, the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is much higher than the normal temperature. At this time, it can be judged that the siltation is serious and the observation hole needs to be opened for desilting. When the cylinder switches to the straight-through ball, the valve body is desilted. When the angle is such that the 0-degree position of the straight-through sphere is aligned with the observation hole and the 90-degree position and the 180-degree position are connected to the two inlets and outlets, the cleaning mechanism can be used to introduce the circulating cooling water in the water-cooling jacket into the straight-through sphere, so that the circulating cooling water can clean the straight-through sphere. Since the raw gas conducted by the valve body itself contains water and has a very high temperature, the small amount of circulating cooling water introduced gradually evaporates after cleaning and merges into the raw gas. At the same time, the cleaning time is strictly controlled, so the small amount of cooling water introduced does not affect the normal progress of the water-gas reaction of the raw gas. In actual use, two limit blocks can be set on the outer wall of the observation hole cover to facilitate the rotation of the pressure plate, and to prevent the problem of insufficient cleaning caused by excessive rotation or insufficient rotation during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention, taken in direction A;

[0026] Figure 3 The invention proposes a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole. Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure of the region B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 The invention proposes a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole. Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure of the area C in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 The invention proposes a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole. Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure of the region D in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 The invention proposes a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole. Figure 2 The structure of the region E in the middle is magnified;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding cylinder structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the soft and hard sealing mechanism of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the graphite ring structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the spherical valve seat and graphite ring structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. valve body; 2. valve cover; 3. fixing bracket; 4. actuator; 41. cylinder; 5. first fixing bolt; 6. packing gland; 7. first sealing ring; 8. upper valve stem; 81. upper valve stem shaft seal; 9. straight-through ball; 10. lower valve stem; 101. lower valve stem shaft seal; 11. second sealing ring; 12. second sealing ring; 13. cooling mechanism; 14. water-cooling jacket; 15. circulation inlet; 16. circulation outlet; 17. observation hole; 18. observation hole cover; 19. cleaning mechanism; 20. pressure plate; 21. connecting column; 22. connecting rod; 23. plug-in rod; 24. sliding cylinder; 25. plug-in hole; 26. spring; 27. ball head; 271. stepped sealing structure; 28. circulation hole; 281. circulation outlet; 29. ​​soft and hard sealing mechanism; 30. spherical valve seat; 31. annular groove; 32. graphite ring DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] Reference Figure 1-11, a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, comprising a valve body 1 and an observation hole 17, a valve cover 2 being fixedly mounted on one side of the valve body 1, both the valve body 1 and the valve cover 2 being made of 304 stainless steel, the valve body 1 being provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T-shape, an observation hole 17 being provided on the side of the valve body 1 away from the three inlets and outlets, an observation hole cover 18 being fixedly mounted on the upper end of the observation hole 17, a straight-through ball 9 being rotatably connected inside the valve body 1, a soft and hard sealing mechanism 29 comprising a graphite ring 32 being provided between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through ball 9, an upper valve stem 8 being fixedly connected to one side of the straight-through ball 9, the end of the upper valve stem 8 passing through the valve cover 2, a lower valve stem 10 being fixedly mounted on the other side of the straight-through ball 9, the end of the lower valve stem 10 passing through the valve body 1, the end of the lower valve stem 10 being a square structure, and a cooling mechanism 13 comprising a water-cooling jacket 14 being provided on the outer wall of the valve body 1;

[0038] A water-cooling jacket 14 having the same shape as the outer wall of the valve body 1 but larger in size is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the valve body 1, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1;

[0039] A spherical valve seat 30 is fixedly installed between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere 9. The spherical valve seat 30 is a spherical structure with an annular groove 31 at one end close to the straight-through sphere 9. A graphite ring 32 is arranged in the annular groove 31. The graphite ring 32 is a disc-type spherical structure at one end close to the straight-through sphere 9. The thickness of the graphite ring 32 is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the annular groove 31 and the end of the spherical valve seat 30. During the production process of coal-fired coke ovens, a large amount of water-containing raw gas, commonly known as flue gas, will be generated due to incomplete combustion. These water-containing raw gases will form wastewater after being discharged from the coke oven, increasing the cost of wastewater treatment. The high-temperature three-way ball valve is used to guide the raw gas in the early stage of coking into the carbonization chamber in the late stage of coking to cause water-gas reaction, which can consume graphite on the surface of the carbonization chamber, reduce graphite accumulation on the walls of the carbonization chamber, and reduce the intensity of graphite cleaning in the carbonization chamber. The consumption of raw gas reduces the generation of wastewater and saves treatment costs. In addition, the amount of gas generated by the water-gas reaction can also be converted into economic benefits. In order to smoothly guide the water-containing raw gas in a high-temperature environment without deformation of the valve body 1, 304 stainless steel is used. The cast iron material of the ordinary three-way valve is replaced, so the valve body 1 can maintain stable operation in a high temperature environment. The three inlets and outlets of the valve body 1 are T-shaped, namely 0 degree position, 180 degree position and 90 degree position, and the three inlets and outlets can be switched by rotating the straight-through ball 9. Since the medium conducted by the valve body 1 is high-temperature water-containing flue gas, it is easy to cause clogging during the reaction. As the amount of clogging accumulation increases, the flow rate of the straight-through ball 9 will decrease and the rotation of the straight-through ball 9 will be restricted, which will affect normal operation. Therefore, the setting of the observation hole 17 is to regularly check the clogging inside the valve body 1 and the carbonization chamber. If clogging occurs, the observation hole cover 1 can be opened. 8 is cleaned and clogged, and the valve body 1 is kept clean, which can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of raw gas. The observation hole 17 and the observation hole cover 18 adopt a wedge-shaped sealing structure, that is, the contact surface between the outer wall of the observation hole 17 and the inner wall of the observation hole cover 18 is wedge-shaped, which can enhance the sealing effect and prevent internal smoke from leaking out. The conventional three-way ball valve directly abuts the outer wall of the straight-through ball 9 through the spherical valve seat 30 for sealing, and the switching of the three inlets and outlets is achieved by the rotation of the straight-through ball 9. However, when used in a coke oven, due to the high temperature of the water-containing raw gas, the metal material will expand linearly due to the heat as the use time increases, so that a gap is generated between the straight-through ball 9 and the spherical valve seat 30. In order to solve the problem of loose sealing, a compressible graphite ring 32 (compression rate of 10%-30%) is filled between the contact surface of the spherical valve seat 30 and the straight-through ball 9 to make up for the gap caused by linear expansion, so that the sealing effect is guaranteed. The graphite ring 32 and the contact surface of the spherical valve seat 30 and the straight-through ball 9 are set to a disc-type spherical structure to ensure full contact with the spherical surface of the straight-through ball 9, so that the graphite ring 32 and the spherical valve seat 30 and the straight-through ball 9 are all spherical to spherical, that is, the so-called spherical sealing pair structure, which makes the seal sufficient and ensures the smooth rotation of the straight-through ball 9. The soft and hard sealing mechanism 29 is used in conjunction with the spherical valve seat 30 and the graphite ring 32.It not only meets the sealing requirements, but also enables the straight-through ball 9 to work normally in a high-temperature environment. The straight-through ball 9 drives the upper valve stem 8 to rotate through the cylinder 41 to achieve angle switching, thereby switching the connection between the three inlets and outlets. The lower valve stem 10 is exposed to the outside, and the end is designed as a square structure. It can be connected to a manual operating mechanism such as a handwheel, etc., so that the upper cylinder 41 drive structure cannot work due to power outage or gas outage, affecting production. Therefore, a manual drive device is installed here to prevent internal tar clogging from causing the upper cylinder 41 drive mechanism to be unable to drive the valve. Therefore, a manual mechanism is installed to assist in driving. The cooling mechanism 13 is installed with an external water-cooling jacket 14, so that the cavity formed between the water-cooling jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1 can be injected with circulating cooling water to cool the valve body 1, thereby increasing the service life of the valve body 1 and preventing workers from being scalded during maintenance.

[0040] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the upper end cover of the valve cover 2 is fixedly mounted with a fixing frame 3 by a first fixing bolt 5, and an actuator 4 including a cylinder 41 is provided on the upper end of the fixing frame 3;

[0041] A cylinder 41 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the fixed frame 3, and the output end of the cylinder 41 is fixedly connected to the end of the upper valve stem 8. The actuator 4 is a common existing technology. It controls the cylinder 41 by remote control to drive the upper valve stem 8 and the straight-through ball 9 to rotate, thereby realizing the switching connection between the three inlets and outlets.

[0042] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, an upper stem seal 81 is provided at the intersection of the upper valve stem 8 and the valve cover 2, and a lower stem seal 101 is provided at the intersection of the lower valve stem 10 and the valve body 1. The upper stem seal 81 and the lower stem seal 101 ensure the sealing effect at the intersection of the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 with the valve cover 2 and the valve body 1.

[0043] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a stuffing gland 6 is fixedly installed between the upper valve stem 8 and the side wall of the valve cover 2, a first sealing ring 7 is provided on the side wall of the upper valve stem 8 between the stuffing gland 6 and the upper valve stem shaft seal 81, a second sealing ring 11 is fixedly installed between the lower valve stem 10 and the side wall of the valve body 1, and a second sealing ring 12 is provided on the side wall of the lower valve stem 10 between the second sealing ring 11 and the lower valve stem shaft seal 101. The structure pressed by the stuffing gland 6 is a stuffing gland, which compresses the first sealing ring 7 for sealing. The lower valve stem 10 and the valve body 1 also have the same sealing structure, which is not described in detail here. The stuffing gland 6, the first sealing ring 7, the second sealing ring 11, and the second sealing ring 12 can also ensure sealing when the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 rotate to prevent leakage of high-temperature flue gas inside the valve body 1.

[0044] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a circulation inlet 15 is fixedly installed on the side of the water-cooling jacket 14 close to the observation hole 17. The circulation inlet 15 is connected to an external circulation water pump. The water-cooling jacket 14 is located at the 0-degree position of the valve body 1 and has circulation outlets 16 symmetrically opened on both sides. The two circulation outlets 16 are connected to an external circulation water pool. The external circulation water pump is frequency-controlled by an external PLC controller, which can increase or decrease the output power. When the valve body 1 conducts high-temperature flue gas, the temperature of the valve body 1 also increases. The circulating cooling water in the circulation water pool is transported to the circulation inlet 15 by the external circulation water pump, so that the circulating cooling water fills the water-cooling jacket 14 and is then discharged through the circulation outlet 16 to form a cycle. This can effectively cool the valve body 1 and meet the use requirements of the valve body 1 in a high-temperature environment. In addition, the external water-cooling jacket 14 does not affect the normal operation of the valve body 1 and the straight-through ball 9.

[0045] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the contact surface between the bottom of the observation hole cover 18 and the observation hole 17 is a wedge-shaped structure. The center of the observation hole cover 18 is rotatably connected to a pressure plate 20. The bottom of the pressure plate 20 penetrates the observation hole 17. The bottom end of the pressure plate 20 is fixedly connected to a connecting column 21. The end of the connecting column 21 is provided with a thermocouple, and the bottom of the connecting column 21 is provided with a cleaning mechanism 19. During normal use, silt is regularly removed through the observation hole 17. At this time, the fixing screws of the observation hole cover 18 can be removed first, and then the pressure plate 20 can be pulled to remove the observation hole cover 18 for silting. In order to reduce the number of silting times and extend the working time of the valve body 1, the cleaning mechanism 19 is connected through the pressure plate 20. When the angle of the straight-through ball 9 is switched by the cylinder 41 so that the 0-degree position of the straight-through ball 9 is aligned with the observation hole 17, and the 90-degree position and the 180-degree position are connected to the two inlets and outlets, the cleaning mechanism 19 can be used to introduce the circulating cooling water in the water-cooling jacket 14 into the water-cooling jacket 14. The valve body 1 is connected to the raw gas generated by the coke oven. During the operation of the valve body 1, the temperature of the raw gas is monitored separately and can be viewed in real time. Therefore, the temperature of the raw gas conducted in the valve body 1 can be determined in real time, and the thermocouple can monitor the temperature change at the observation hole 17 in real time. If the temperature rises regularly and linearly, it can be fed back to the external PLC controller and the external circulating water pump can be controlled by the external PLC controller to increase the power, so that The circulating water flow in the water-cooling jacket 14 increases, thereby cooling the valve. When blockage occurs, the high-temperature flue gas is blocked, and the heat is collected in the valve body 1 and cannot flow out. The temperature monitored by the thermocouple will rise irregularly, and the operator can judge that blockage has occurred. At this time, manual operation can be performed for cleaning. In actual use, an electric actuator can be installed on the outside of the pressure plate 20 to perform remote cleaning operations through the electric actuator. As the continuous working time of the valve body 1 increases, the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is much higher than the normal temperature. At this time, it can be judged that the blockage is serious and needs to be cleaned. The observation hole 17 is opened for silt removal, and the thermocouple is installed on the connecting column 21. Whenever the observation hole 17 is opened for silt removal, the thermocouple can also be cleaned or replaced. Compared with some methods of installing thermocouples by drilling holes on the main body alone, installation and replacement are more convenient. Since the raw gas conducted by the valve body 1 contains water and has a high temperature, the small amount of circulating cooling water introduced gradually evaporates after cleaning and merges into the raw gas. At the same time, the cleaning time is strictly controlled, so the small amount of cooling water introduced does not affect the normal progress of the water-gas reaction of the raw gas.

[0046] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism 19 includes a connecting rod 22 and a sliding cylinder 24. The bottom of the connecting column 21 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 22 via an extension rod. The bottom of the end of the connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected to the plug rod 23. The side wall of the observation hole 17 is provided with a through groove connected to the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1. The sliding cylinder 24 is slidably connected in the through groove. The sliding cylinder 24 is provided with a plug hole 25 near one end of the connecting column 21, and the plug rod 23 is inserted into the plug hole 25. When installing the observation hole cover 18, the plug rod 23 is simultaneously inserted into the plug hole 25. At this time, the observation hole cover 18 is fixed with bolts, and the plug rod 23 forms a reliable rotation connection with the sliding cylinder 24.

[0047] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a ball head 27 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding cylinder 24 away from the connecting column 21. A stepped sealing structure 271 is symmetrically provided on the side of the ball head 27 close to the sliding cylinder 24. The stepped sealing structure 271 is slidably connected to the end of the through groove on one side of the cavity. The ball head 27 is located in the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1. The stepped sealing structure 271 is essentially two stepped grooves symmetrically provided on the side of the ball head 27 close to the sliding cylinder 24. The two stepped grooves abut against the inner wall of the cavity, and the connecting section of the ball head 27 and the sliding cylinder 24 abuts against the inner wall of the cavity, forming a final stepped seal. The ball head 27, the stepped sealing structure 271 and the side wall of the sliding cylinder 24 form a seal between the cavity, the through groove and the observation hole 17 through the joint action of the ball head 27, the stepped sealing structure 271 and the side wall of the sliding cylinder 24, thereby preventing the circulating cooling water from leaking into the valve body 1 during normal operation.

[0048] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, two flow holes 28 are symmetrically provided on one side of the sliding cylinder 24 close to the ball head 27. A limit ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding cylinder 24. A spring 26 is sleeved between the limit ring and the side wall of the observation hole 17. Two flow outlets 281 are symmetrically provided on the sliding cylinder 24 on one side of the limit ring. The flow holes 28 and the flow outlets 281 are connected through the hollow structure inside the sliding cylinder 24. When the valve body 1 is working normally, the pressure plate 20 is parallel to the three inlets and outlets. The spring 26 pushes the limit ring so that the ball head 27 and the stepped sealing structure 271 abut against the inner wall of the cavity. At this time, it is in a sealed state and the flow holes 28 are hidden in the through groove. Due to the water pressure of the circulating cooling water in the cavity, the ball head 27 always keeps abutting against the inner wall of the cavity, the sealing effect can be guaranteed, and the cavity is isolated from the observation hole 17. When cleaning is required, the pressure plate 20 is manually rotated 90 degrees, so that the connecting rod 22 and the plug rod 23 drive the sliding cylinder 24 to slide along the through groove to overcome the action of the spring 26 and the water pressure. The force causes the ball head 27 and the stepped sealing structure 271 to separate from the inner wall of the cavity and the flow hole 28 to separate from the through groove. At this time, the cavity and the observation hole 17 can be connected through the flow hole 28 and the flow outlet 281, so that the circulating cooling water in the cavity flows into the valve body 1 through the straight-through sphere 9 to clean the small amount of blockage in the straight-through sphere 9. When the cleaning time is sufficient, the pressure plate 20 can be reset. In actual use, two limit blocks can be set on the outer wall of the observation hole cover 18 to facilitate the pressure plate 20 to rotate 90 degrees, and to prevent the problem of insufficient cleaning caused by excessive rotation or insufficient rotation during operation.

[0049] When the present invention is in use, the three inlets and outlets of the valve body 1 are connected to the raw coal gas in the early stage of coking and the carbonization chamber in the late stage of coking respectively. The upper valve stem shaft seal 81 and the lower valve stem shaft seal 101 ensure the sealing effect at the intersection of the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 with the valve cover 2 and the valve body 1. The same stuffing gland 6, the first sealing ring 7 and the second sealing ring 11 and the second sealing ring 12 can also ensure the sealing when the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 rotate. The external circulating water pump transports the circulating cooling water in the circulating water pool to the circulating inlet 15, so that the circulating cooling water fills the water cooling jacket 14 and is discharged through the circulating outlet 16 to form a cycle. If the thermocouple monitor If a regular linear rise in temperature is detected, it can be fed back to the external PLC controller and the external circulating water pump can be controlled by the external PLC controller to increase the power, so that the circulating water flow in the water-cooling jacket 14 increases, thereby cooling the temperature. The cylinder 41 is controlled by remote control to drive the upper valve stem 8 and the straight-through ball 9 to rotate, thereby realizing the switching connection of the three inlets and outlets to conduct the raw gas and realize the water-gas reaction. When the straight-through ball 9 rotates, the wedge-shaped structure of the contact surface of the graphite ring 32 and the spherical valve seat 30 with the straight-through ball 9 ensures sufficient contact with the spherical surface of the straight-through ball 9, so that the seal is sufficient and the smooth rotation of the straight-through ball 9 is guaranteed.

[0050] As the conduction time of raw gas increases, the temperature of the valve body 1 gradually increases, and the retractable graphite ring 32 makes up for the gap caused by the linear expansion between the straight-through ball 9 and the spherical valve seat 30. The valve body 1 can be cleaned regularly during normal use, or when the thermocouple monitors an irregular temperature rise, the operator determines that there is a blockage phenomenon, and can manually operate to clean it. The angle of the straight-through ball 9 is switched by the cylinder 41 so that the 0-degree position of the straight-through ball 9 is aligned with the observation hole 17, and the 90-degree position and the 180-degree position of the straight-through ball 9 are connected to the observation hole 17, and the 0-degree position and the 90-degree position are connected to the two inlets and outlets. The pressure plate 20 is manually rotated 90 degrees, so that the connecting rod 22 and the plug rod 23 drive the sliding cylinder 24 to slide along the through groove to overcome the force of the spring 26, so that the ball head 27 and the stepped sealing structure 271 are separated from the inner wall of the cavity and the flow hole 28 is separated from the through groove. At this time, the cavity and the observation hole 17 can be connected through the flow hole 28 and the flow outlet 281, so that the circulating cooling water in the cavity flows into the valve body 1 through the straight-through sphere 9 to clean the small amount of blockage in the straight-through sphere 9. When the cleaning time is sufficient, the pressure plate 20 can be reset. When the working time accumulates to a sufficient length, the temperature finally monitored by the thermocouple is much higher than the normal temperature. At this time, it can be judged that the blockage is serious and the observation hole 17 needs to be opened. The valve body 1 needs to be desilted and the three inlets and outlets of the valve body 1 are cut off. At this time, the fixing screws of the observation hole cover 18 can be removed first, and then the pressure plate 20 can be pulled to remove the observation hole cover 18. At this time, the plug rod 23 is separated from the plug hole 25 and the desilting operation can be carried out. After desilting, the observation hole cover 18 is reinstalled with bolts.

[0051] If the driving structure of the upper cylinder 41 fails to work due to power outage or gas failure, affecting production, or if the internal tar blockage causes the driving mechanism of the upper cylinder 41 to be unable to drive the valve, a manual operating mechanism such as a valve wrench can be connected to the square structure at the end of the lower valve stem 10 to manually assist in driving the straight-through ball 9 to achieve temporary operation and ensure the normal progress of the water-gas reaction.

[0052] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

[0053] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, comprising a valve body (1) and an observation hole (17), characterized in that: A valve cover (2) is fixedly mounted on one side of the valve body (1), and both the valve body (1) and the valve cover (2) are made of 304 stainless steel. The valve body (1) is provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T-shape. An observation hole (17) is provided on the side of the valve body (1) away from the three inlets and outlets, and an observation hole cover (18) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the observation hole (17). A straight-through ball (9) is rotatably connected inside the valve body (1), and a soft and hard sealing mechanism (29) including a graphite ring (32) is provided between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through ball (9). An upper valve stem (8) is fixedly connected to one side of the straight-through ball (9), and the end of the upper valve stem (8) passes through the valve cover (2). A lower valve stem (10) is fixedly connected to the other side of the straight-through ball (9), and the end of the lower valve stem (10) passes through the valve body (1). The end of the lower valve stem (10) is a square structure. A cooling mechanism (13) including a water-cooling jacket (14) is provided on the outer wall of the valve body (1); The outer wall of the valve body (1) is fixedly connected to a water-cooling jacket (14) having the same shape as the outer wall of the valve body (1) but a larger size, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket (14) and the outer wall of the valve body (1); A spherical valve seat (30) is fixedly installed between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere (9). The spherical valve seat (30) is a spherical structure with an annular groove (31) at one end close to the straight-through sphere (9). A graphite ring (32) is arranged in the annular groove (31). The graphite ring (32) is a disc-type spherical structure at one end close to the straight-through sphere (9). The thickness of the graphite ring (32) is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the annular groove (31) and the end of the spherical valve seat (30).

2. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end cover of the valve cover (2) is fixedly mounted on a fixing frame (3) via a first fixing bolt (5), and an actuator (4) including a cylinder (41) is provided at the upper end of the fixing frame (3); A cylinder (41) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the fixing frame (3), and the output end of the cylinder (41) is fixedly connected to the end of the upper valve stem (8).

3. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper valve stem shaft seal (81) is provided at the intersection of the upper valve stem (8) and the valve cover (2), and a lower valve stem shaft seal (101) is provided at the intersection of the lower valve stem (10) and the valve body (1).

4. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 3, characterized in that: A packing gland (6) is fixedly installed between the upper valve stem (8) and the side wall of the valve cover (2); a first sealing ring (7) is provided on the side wall of the upper valve stem (8) between the packing gland (6) and the upper valve stem shaft seal (81); a second sealing ring (11) is fixedly installed between the lower valve stem (10) and the side wall of the valve body (1); and a second sealing ring (12) is provided on the side wall of the lower valve stem (10) between the second sealing ring (11) and the lower valve stem shaft seal (101).

5. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulation inlet (15) is fixedly mounted on one side of the water-cooling jacket (14) close to the observation hole (17), and the circulation inlet (15) is connected to an external circulation water pump. Circulation outlets (16) are symmetrically opened on both sides of the water-cooling jacket (14) at the 0 degree position of the valve body (1), and the two circulation outlets (16) are connected to an external circulation water pool.

6. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the bottom of the observation hole cover (18) and the observation hole (17) is a wedge-shaped structure. The center of the observation hole cover (18) is rotatably connected to a pressure plate (20). The bottom of the pressure plate (20) penetrates into the observation hole (17). The bottom end of the pressure plate (20) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (21). A thermocouple is provided at the end of the connecting column (21). A cleaning mechanism (19) is provided at the bottom of the connecting column (21).

7. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (19) includes a connecting rod (22) and a sliding cylinder (24). The bottom of the connecting column (21) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (22) through an extension rod. The bottom of the end of the connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected to the plug rod (23). The side wall of the observation hole (17) is provided with a through groove connected to the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket (14) and the outer wall of the valve body (1). The sliding cylinder (24) is slidably connected in the through groove. The sliding cylinder (24) is provided with a plug hole (25) near one end of the connecting column (21), and the plug rod (23) is plugged into the plug hole (25).

8. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to a ball head (27) at one end away from the connecting column (21), and a stepped sealing structure (271) is symmetrically provided on one side of the ball head (27) close to the sliding cylinder (24). The stepped sealing structure (271) is slidably connected to the end of the through groove on one side of the cavity.

9. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding cylinder (24) has two symmetrical flow holes (28) on one side close to the ball head (27). A limit ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding cylinder (24). A spring (26) is sleeved between the limit ring and the side wall of the observation hole (17). The sliding cylinder (24) on one side of the limit ring has two symmetrical flow outlets (281). The flow holes (28) and the flow outlets (281) are connected through the internal hollow structure of the sliding cylinder (24).

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